CN114985556A - Metal processing method and device - Google Patents
Metal processing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a metal processing method, which uses a high-performance punch forming device for processing metal parts to perform punch forming processing and comprises the following steps: step S1, selecting a lower die (7) and an upper die (8) which are matched with each other according to the structural size of a metal piece to be processed, and installing the lower die (7) and the upper die (8) on corresponding installation positions of a horizontal high-performance punch forming device or a vertical high-performance punch forming device; step S2, according to a preset program of the stamping forming technical requirement of the metal piece to be processed, a linear motor (1) or an electric cylinder (01) drives a sliding platform (4) and drives an upper die (8) to be close to a lower die (7) until the upper die (8) is attached to the processed metal piece blank; and step S3, starting the piezoelectric actuator (9), wherein the piezoelectric actuator (9) drives the punch of the upper die (8) to reciprocate at a preset frequency at a high frequency, and the metal piece blank is subjected to high-frequency stamping until the metal piece is subjected to stamping forming. A metal working apparatus is also disclosed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal part machining, in particular to a metal machining method and a metal machining device.
Background
The metal material has incomparable excellent comprehensive mechanical, physical and chemical properties compared with other materials, and with the development of science and technology and industrial fields, higher requirements are put forward on the properties of the metal material. The improvement of the performance by adjusting the microstructure of the metal material has been the main direction of material research in the last decades, the plastic deformation can generate a large amount of defects such as dislocation, grain boundary, twin boundary and the like in the metal, and the grain structure can be refined to submicron or even nanometer scale by controlling the plastic deformation condition.
Stamping is a process of forming parts having a certain shape, size and performance by applying pressure to a metal plate on a press by using a stamping die to cause the metal plate to generate separation or plastic deformation. Stamping is closely related to life, and is widely applied to the fields of aviation, automobiles, electronics, household appliances and the like. In recent years, the market has increasingly demanded high-quality and high-efficiency production of stamping parts, and the structures of parts tend to be complicated, and more strict requirements are made on the working performance of stamping equipment. The punching process comprises two major types of separation procedures and forming procedures, wherein the separation procedure is also called blanking, a punching piece can be obtained in each punching stroke due to one-step forming in the traditional blanking procedure, the defects of burrs, high roughness and the like easily appear on the section, and the quality requirement of the separated section is difficult to ensure; in particular, the micro-parts are manufactured in batch, and the micro-formed parts have poor dimensional accuracy and consistency. The forming process aims to enable the sheet material to generate plastic deformation so as to prepare a workpiece with a specific shape, the workpiece can rebound after being unloaded due to the existence of residual stress, and partial elastic materials are shaped by secondary processing due to the characteristic of one-step forming of the traditional stamping, so that the manufacturing cost and the period are increased.
The existing production of the connecting plug of the electronic product usually adopts a stamping process, the processing mode of the early plug is CNC (computerized numerical control) processing, the processing precision is high, the edges and corners are clear, but the cost is high, and the traces generated by a processed workpiece cutter cannot be avoided, so that the surface smoothness is not enough; therefore, the preparation mode of the current plug is stamping, the surface quality of the stamping part is not damaged in the traditional stamping mode, but the stamping part with clear edges and corners is difficult to prepare due to uneven residual stress, springback and the like caused by one-step forming. CNC machining cannot improve material performance, and the traditional stamping one-step forming mode has a limited degree of improvement on materials, so a novel stamping mode is urgently needed to prepare a high-performance and high-quality plug.
In addition, the traditional stamping is easy to crack in the plastic deformation process, and particularly, the high-strength steel is easy to crack in the traditional cold stamping forming process, so that the processing technology requirement of the high-strength steel plate cannot be met. In the conventional stamping process, the formed part is formed by plastic deformation, and crystal grains are refined, so that the material is strengthened. Although the performance of the stamped formed part is improved, the traditional punching machine adopts one-step forming, and the material is only subjected to one-step deformation strengthening, so that the performance strengthening of the formed part is limited. The properties of stamped parts are therefore far from being achieved for some parts used in special circumstances. Further strengthening of the molded part is required for application in some special environments, thereby increasing the production cycle and production cost of the molded part.
The piezoelectric ceramic is a functional ceramic capable of realizing mechanical energy-electric energy conversion, and when the piezoelectric ceramic is placed in an external electric field, the piezoelectric ceramic can cause mechanical deformation of a piezoelectric crystal, namely, the inverse piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator outputs displacement under the action of a driving power supply by taking the inverse piezoelectric effect as a principle, and the displacement and the applied voltage are approximately in a linear relation. The piezoelectric actuator has the advantages of high thrust, high frequency, high precision and the like, if the piezoelectric actuator is applied to the stamping field, high-frequency reciprocating progressive stamping is realized, namely stamping is carried out in a repeatedly hammering and gradually progressive mode, the problems of section burrs, springback and difficulty in preparing sharp-edged and sharp-edged workpieces can be solved, crystal grains are greatly refined, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the stamping part are improved, and the high-quality and high-performance stamping part is efficiently prepared.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above problems, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a metal processing method and a metal processing apparatus, which improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of the stamped parts, and further realize good surface and section quality and sharp edges and corners. In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a metal processing method, which uses a high-performance punch forming device for processing metal parts to perform punch forming processing and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, selecting a lower die and an upper die which are matched with each other according to the structural size of a metal piece to be processed, and installing the lower die and the upper die on corresponding installation positions of a horizontal high-performance punch forming device or a vertical high-performance punch forming device;
step S2, presetting a program according to the punch forming technical requirements of the metal piece to be processed, and driving a sliding platform and driving the upper die to be close to the lower die by a linear motor or an electric cylinder until the upper die is attached to the processed metal piece blank;
and step S3, starting a piezoelectric actuator, driving the punch of the upper die to reciprocate at a preset frequency at a high frequency, and performing high-frequency stamping on the metal piece blank until the metal piece is subjected to punch forming.
The high-frequency stamping process refers to high-frequency reciprocating progressive stamping forming, the piezoelectric actuator reciprocates under the drive of given pulses to enable the material to undergo plastic deformation for a plurality of times, and the method is different from the one-time forming of the traditional stamping. The punch head reciprocates in a high frequency to repeatedly impact the surface of the workpiece, so that the grain refinement of the stamping part is realized, and the performance is greatly improved.
Further, in step S3, the frequency of the piezoelectric actuator driving the upper die punch to reciprocate at high frequency is 100-; wherein the stamping process is high-frequency reciprocating progressive stamping, and the response time of the piezoelectric actuator is 2-5 mu s. In the progressive stamping process, the piezoelectric actuator can directly convert electric energy and mechanical energy and can realize motion in a sub-nanometer range, so that high-precision stamping forming can be realized, and the problems of material fracture, burrs, rebound and the like are avoided. In the stamping process, the piezoelectric actuator is used as a pressure applying mechanism, the pressure sensor can feed back real-time pressure, and the pressure is dynamically adjusted through closed-loop control.
The invention relates to a metal processing device, which is a horizontal high-performance punch forming device for processing metal parts or a vertical high-performance punch forming device for processing metal parts.
Wherein, a horizontal high performance stamping forming device for processing metalwork, the device includes: the linear motor, the upper fixing platform, the lower fixing platform and the support rib plate are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the air floatation platform, the support rib plate is used for abutting against the lower fixing platform, the guide pillar is fixedly arranged between the upper fixing platform and the lower fixing platform, the sliding platform can be horizontally arranged on the guide pillar in a sliding manner along the guide pillar, the output end of the linear motor is in driving connection with the sliding platform, the lower die is arranged on the lower fixing platform, the upper die is arranged on the sliding platform, the piezoelectric actuator is arranged in the upper die, and the linear motor and the piezoelectric actuator jointly drive the sliding platform and the upper die to reciprocate at high frequency, and stamping and forming the processed metal piece between the lower die and the upper die. The metal piece to be processed is a blank made of a metal plate, and the metal plate serving as the blank includes but is not limited to an aluminum alloy plate, a copper alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, a steel plate, a nickel alloy plate, a high-entropy alloy plate and the like. The linear motor can be replaced by a servo motor, a stepping motor, an electric cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder and the like, and a corresponding driving mechanism can be selected according to the cost, the forming efficiency, the forming precision and the forming size. The supporting rib plate plays a role in supporting and buffering, and the reaction force in the stamping process is buffered.
Wherein, a rectilinear high performance stamping forming device for processing metalwork, the device includes: an electric cylinder, an air floating platform, an upper fixing platform, a sliding platform, a lower fixing platform, a lower die, an upper die, a piezoelectric actuator and a guide post, the lower fixed platform is fixedly arranged on the air floating platform, the guide post is fixedly arranged on the lower fixed platform, the upper fixed platform is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the guide post, the sliding platform can be arranged on the guide post in a way of sliding up and down along the guide post, the electric cylinder is arranged on the upper fixed platform, the output end of the electric cylinder is connected with the sliding platform in a driving way, the lower die is arranged on the lower fixed platform, the upper die is arranged on the sliding platform, piezoelectric actuator sets up in the last mould, electronic jar with piezoelectric actuator drives jointly sliding platform with go up mould high frequency reciprocating motion, it is right the lower mould with go up the punch forming of the metalwork of being processed between the mould. Wherein, the electric cylinder can also be replaced by a servo motor, a stepping motor, a linear motor, a hydraulic cylinder and the like.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: the punch insert is fixedly arranged on the sliding platform, the connecting bottom plate is fixedly arranged at the end part of the punch insert, the connecting bottom plate and the punch insert are connected with the piezoelectric actuator through the connecting cylinder, and the upper die is embedded on the punch insert. When a voltage is applied, the piezoelectric actuator generates an expansion and contraction reciprocating motion along with a voltage signal, and the piezoelectric actuator drives the upper die and other members to do a high-frequency reciprocating motion to press the metal piece to be processed.
Further, an electric heating rod or a heating resistance wire is arranged inside the upper die or/and the lower die, and the maximum heating temperature of the electric heating rod or the heating resistance wire is 800 ℃. The electric heating rod or the heating resistance wire is arranged to realize hot stamping, so that the problem of fracture of high-strength steel in the cold stamping process is solved; furthermore, the heating temperature can be adjusted according to the type of the adopted metal plate, so as to realize the punch forming of the high-strength steel.
The metal processing method and the metal processing device provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that:
the metal processing method provided by the invention is based on plastic deformation and inverse piezoelectric effect, and realizes the forming of the stamping part by driving the piezoelectric actuator by the power supply and stamping the plate in a high-frequency reciprocating progressive manner. On one hand, the output of the piezoelectric actuator can reach the thrust of tens of thousands of newtons, and the piezoelectric actuator drives the punch to generate high-frequency reciprocating motion to impact the surface of a workpiece with larger impact energy, and due to repeated large plastic deformation, crystal grains are greatly refined, and the material performance is greatly improved; on the other hand, the piezoelectric actuator can realize sub-nanometer resolution, gradually apply pressure, and can realize accurate pressure application according to real-time pressure dynamic adjustment fed back by the pressure sensor. In addition, the progressive stamping mode avoids the problems of section burrs, rebound, material fracture, unclear edges and corners and the like, and the stamping part with high dimensional precision and good section quality can be obtained. For high-strength steel plates, in order to avoid cracking of the plates, hot stamping can be adopted to realize punch forming. The metal processing method provided by the invention not only improves the stamping efficiency, but also realizes the preparation of stamping parts with good surface and section quality, clear edges and corners and excellent performance, and is a metal processing method with great potential.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal high-performance punch forming device for processing metal parts according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical high-performance punch forming device for processing metal parts according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper mold in the horizontal/vertical high performance punch forming apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an effect diagram of the metal piece stamped by the horizontal/vertical high-performance stamping forming device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional comparison of a metal part stamped by a conventional stamping method (a) and the invention (b) using a horizontal/vertical high performance stamping device;
fig. 6 is a comparison of the edges and corners of a metal part stamped by a conventional stamping method (a) and the invention (b) using a horizontal/vertical high-performance stamping device.
In the drawings, fig. 1 and 2 are different embodiments, and since the horizontal type and vertical type high performance stamping forming devices are basically the same in structure, the same reference numerals are used when labeling, and the reference numerals are:
1-a linear motor; 2-an air floatation platform; 3-fixing the platform; 4-a sliding platform; 5-lower fixed platform; 6-supporting rib plates; 7-lower mould; 8, mounting a mold; 9-a piezoelectric actuator; 10-a guide post; 01-electric cylinder; 11-a connecting cylinder; 12-a connection backplane; 13-punch insert.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention better understood and make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4, a metal processing apparatus of the present embodiment is a horizontal high-performance punch forming apparatus for processing metal parts, and the apparatus includes: the linear motor 1, the air floating platform 2, the upper fixing platform 3, the sliding platform 4, the lower fixing platform 5, the supporting rib plate 6, the lower die 7, the upper die 8, the piezoelectric actuator 9 and the guide pillar 10, wherein the linear motor 1, the upper fixing platform 3, the lower fixing platform 5 and the supporting rib plate 6 are sequentially and fixedly installed on the air floating platform 2, the supporting rib plate 6 is used for abutting against the lower fixing platform 5, the guide pillar 10 is fixedly arranged between the upper fixing platform 3 and the lower fixing platform 5, the sliding platform 4 can be horizontally arranged on the guide pillar 10 along the guide pillar 10, the output end of the linear motor 1 is in driving connection with the sliding platform 4, the lower die 7 is arranged on the lower fixing platform 5, the upper die 8 is arranged on the sliding platform 4, the piezoelectric actuator 9 is arranged in the upper die 8, the linear motor 1 and the piezoelectric actuator 9 jointly drive the sliding platform 4 and the upper die 8 to reciprocate at a high frequency, and performing punch forming on the metal workpiece to be processed between the lower die 7 and the upper die 8.
As a preferred embodiment, the horizontal high-performance punch forming device for processing metal parts further comprises: the punch press comprises a connecting cylinder 11, a connecting bottom plate 12 and a punch insert 13, wherein the piezoelectric actuator 9 is fixedly arranged on the sliding platform 4, the connecting bottom plate 12 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the punch insert 13, the connecting bottom plate 12 and the punch insert 13 are connected with the piezoelectric actuator 9 through the connecting cylinder 11, and the upper die 8 is embedded on the punch insert 13. Further preferably, an electric heating rod or a heating resistance wire is arranged inside the upper die 8 or/and the lower die 7, and the maximum heating temperature of the electric heating rod or the heating resistance wire is 800 ℃. The electric heating rods or heating resistance wires are embedded inside the upper die 8 or/and the lower die 7, which are not shown in the drawing.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, a metal processing apparatus of the present embodiment is a vertical high-performance punch forming apparatus for processing metal parts, the apparatus includes: an electric cylinder 01, an air floating platform 2, an upper fixed platform 3 and a sliding platform 4, lower fixed platform 5, lower die 7, upper die 8, piezoelectric actuator 9 and guide pillar 10, lower fixed platform 5 fixed mounting is on air supporting platform 2, guide pillar 10 is fixed to be set up under on fixed platform 5, upper fixed platform 3 fixed mounting is on the upper portion of guide pillar 10, slide platform 4 can set up on guide pillar 10 along guide pillar 10 with sliding from top to bottom, electronic jar 01 installs on last fixed platform 3, the output of electronic jar 01 is connected with slide platform 4 drive, lower die 7 sets up under on fixed platform 5, upper die 8 sets up on slide platform 4, piezoelectric actuator 9 sets up in upper die 8, electronic jar 01 and piezoelectric actuator 9 drive slide platform 4 and upper die 8 high frequency reciprocating motion jointly, to the punch forming of the metalwork between lower die 7 and upper die 8.
As a preferred embodiment, the horizontal high-performance punch forming device for processing metal parts further comprises: the punch press comprises a connecting cylinder 11, a connecting bottom plate 12 and a punch insert 13, wherein the piezoelectric actuator 9 is fixedly arranged on the sliding platform 4, the connecting bottom plate 12 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the punch insert 13, the connecting bottom plate 12 and the punch insert 13 are connected with the piezoelectric actuator 9 through the connecting cylinder 11, and the upper die 8 is embedded on the punch insert 13. Further preferably, an electric heating rod or a heating resistance wire is arranged inside the upper die 8 or/and the lower die 7, and the maximum heating temperature of the electric heating rod or the heating resistance wire is 800 ℃.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a metal processing method of the present embodiment uses a metal processing apparatus according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment to perform a press forming process, and the method includes the following steps:
step S1, selecting a lower die 7 and an upper die 8 which are matched according to the structural size of a metal piece to be processed, and installing the lower die 7 and the upper die 8 on corresponding installation positions of a horizontal high-performance punch forming device or a vertical high-performance punch forming device;
step S2, presetting a program according to the stamping forming technical requirements of the metal piece to be processed, driving the sliding platform 4 and driving the upper die 8 to be close to the lower die 7 by the linear motor 1 or the electric cylinder 01 until the upper die 8 is attached to the processed metal piece blank;
step S3, starting the piezoelectric actuator 9, and the piezoelectric actuator 9 drives the punch of the upper die 8 to reciprocate at a high frequency at a preset frequency to punch the metal piece blank until the metal piece is formed by punching.
In step S3, the frequency of the high-frequency reciprocating motion of the punch of the upper die 8 driven by the piezoelectric actuator 9 is 100-; wherein the stamping process is high-frequency reciprocating progressive stamping, and the response time of the piezoelectric actuator 9 is 2-5 mus.
Example four
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 5, a metal processing method of the present embodiment uses a metal processing apparatus according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment to perform a press forming process, and the method includes the following steps:
step S1, selecting a lower die 7 and an upper die 8 which are matched according to the structural size of a metal piece to be processed, and installing the lower die 7 and the upper die 8 on corresponding installation positions of a horizontal high-performance punch forming device or a vertical high-performance punch forming device;
step S2, presetting a program according to the stamping forming technical requirements of the metal piece to be processed, driving the sliding platform 4 and driving the upper die 8 to be close to the lower die 7 by the linear motor 1 or the electric cylinder 01 until the upper die 8 is attached to the processed metal piece blank;
step S3, starting the piezoelectric actuator 9, and the piezoelectric actuator 9 drives the punch of the upper die 8 to reciprocate at a high frequency at a preset frequency to punch the metal piece blank until the metal piece is formed by punching.
In step S3, the frequency of the high-frequency reciprocating motion of the punch of the upper die 8 driven by the piezoelectric actuator 9 is 100-; wherein the stamping process is high-frequency reciprocating progressive stamping, and the response time of the piezoelectric actuator 9 is 2-5 mus.
As shown in FIG. 5, the conventional stamped part has burrs, but the stamped part prepared by the metal processing method provided by the invention has smooth edges and good section quality.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 6, a metal processing method of the present embodiment uses a metal processing apparatus according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment to perform a press forming process, and the method includes the following steps:
step S1, selecting a lower die 7 and an upper die 8 which are matched according to the structural size of a metal piece to be processed, and installing the lower die 7 and the upper die 8 on corresponding installation positions of a horizontal high-performance punch forming device or a vertical high-performance punch forming device;
step S2, presetting a program according to the stamping forming technical requirements of the metal piece to be processed, driving the sliding platform 4 and driving the upper die 8 to be close to the lower die 7 by the linear motor 1 or the electric cylinder 01 until the upper die 8 is attached to the processed metal piece blank;
step S3, starting the piezoelectric actuator 9, and the piezoelectric actuator 9 drives the punch of the upper die 8 to reciprocate at a high frequency at a preset frequency to punch the metal piece blank until the metal piece is formed by punching.
In step S3, the frequency of the high-frequency reciprocating motion of the punch of the upper die 8 driven by the piezoelectric actuator 9 is 100-; wherein the stamping process is high-frequency reciprocating progressive stamping, and the response time of the piezoelectric actuator 9 is 2-5 mus.
As shown in fig. 6, the conventional stamping part cannot produce a workpiece with a clear edge angle, and particularly the forming quality of a right angle is poor, while the stamping part produced by using the metal processing method provided by the invention has a clear edge angle which is comparable to that of CNC processing, but the hardness, strength, wear resistance and other properties of the stamping part are superior to those of CNC processing.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A metal processing method, which uses a high-performance punch forming device for processing metal parts to perform punch forming processing, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, selecting a lower die (7) and an upper die (8) which are matched with each other according to the structural size of a metal piece to be processed, and installing the lower die (7) and the upper die (8) on corresponding installation positions of a horizontal high-performance punch forming device or a vertical high-performance punch forming device;
step S2, according to a preset program of the stamping forming technical requirement of the metal piece to be processed, a linear motor (1) or an electric cylinder (01) drives a sliding platform (4) and drives an upper die (8) to be close to a lower die (7) until the upper die (8) is attached to the processed metal piece blank;
and step S3, starting the piezoelectric actuator (9), wherein the piezoelectric actuator (9) drives the punch of the upper die (8) to reciprocate at a preset frequency at a high frequency, and the metal piece blank is subjected to high-frequency stamping until the metal piece is subjected to stamping forming.
2. The metal working method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the frequency at which the piezoelectric actuator (9) drives the punch of the upper die (8) to reciprocate at a high frequency is 100-20000 Hz; wherein the stamping process is high-frequency reciprocating progressive stamping, and the response time of the piezoelectric actuator (9) is 2-5 mu s.
3. The utility model provides a metal processing device which characterized in that, the device is for the horizontal high performance stamping forming device who is used for processing metalwork or the vertical high performance stamping forming device who is used for processing metalwork.
4. The metal working apparatus of claim 3, wherein the horizontal high performance punch forming apparatus comprises: the device comprises a linear motor (1), an air floating platform (2), an upper fixing platform (3), a sliding platform (4), a lower fixing platform (5), a support rib plate (6), a lower die (7), an upper die (8), a piezoelectric actuator (9) and a guide pillar (10), wherein the linear motor (1), the upper fixing platform (3), the lower fixing platform (5) and the support rib plate (6) are sequentially and fixedly installed on the air floating platform (2), the support rib plate (6) is used for abutting against the lower fixing platform (5), the guide pillar (10) is fixedly arranged between the upper fixing platform (3) and the lower fixing platform (5), the sliding platform (4) can be horizontally arranged on the guide pillar (10) in a sliding manner along the guide pillar (10), and the output end of the linear motor (1) is connected with the sliding platform (4) in a driving manner, lower mould (7) set up down on fixed platform (5), it sets up to go up mould (8) on sliding platform (4), piezoelectric actuator (9) set up in going up mould (8), linear electric motor (1) with piezoelectric actuator (9) drive jointly sliding platform (4) with go up mould (8) high frequency reciprocating motion, it is right lower mould (7) with go up the punch forming of processed metalwork between mould (8).
5. The metal working apparatus of claim 3, wherein the vertical high performance punch forming apparatus comprises: the air floatation device comprises an electric cylinder (01), an air floatation platform (2), an upper fixing platform (3), a sliding platform (4), a lower fixing platform (5), a lower die (7), an upper die (8), a piezoelectric actuator (9) and a guide pillar (10), wherein the lower fixing platform (5) is fixedly arranged on the air floatation platform (2), the guide pillar (10) is fixedly arranged on the lower fixing platform (5), the upper fixing platform (3) is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the guide pillar (10), the sliding platform (4) can be arranged on the guide pillar (10) in a vertically sliding manner along the guide pillar (10), the electric cylinder (01) is arranged on the upper fixing platform (3), the output end of the electric cylinder (01) is connected with the sliding platform (4) in a driving manner, the lower die (7) is arranged on the lower fixing platform (5), the upper die (8) is arranged on the sliding platform (4), piezoelectric actuator (9) set up in last mould (8), electronic jar (01) with piezoelectric actuator (9) drive jointly sliding platform (4) with go up mould (8) high frequency reciprocating motion, it is right lower mould (7) with the metal forming by processing between last mould (8).
6. A metal working apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises: the piezoelectric actuator is characterized by comprising a connecting cylinder (11), a connecting bottom plate (12) and a punch insert (13), wherein the piezoelectric actuator (9) is fixedly arranged on the sliding platform (4), the connecting bottom plate (12) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the punch insert (13), the connecting bottom plate (12) and the punch insert (13) are connected with the piezoelectric actuator (9) through the connecting cylinder (11), and the upper die (8) is embedded on the punch insert (13).
7. The metal processing device according to claim 6, characterized in that an electrical heating rod or a heating resistance wire is arranged inside the upper mold (8) or/and the lower mold (7), and the maximum heating temperature of the electrical heating rod or the heating resistance wire is 800 ℃.
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| CN202210746323.XA CN114985556A (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Metal processing method and device |
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| CN202210746323.XA CN114985556A (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Metal processing method and device |
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Application publication date: 20220902 |