CN114983547A - Auxiliary device for fixing proximal intramedullary nail of femur - Google Patents
Auxiliary device for fixing proximal intramedullary nail of femur Download PDFInfo
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- CN114983547A CN114983547A CN202210637463.3A CN202210637463A CN114983547A CN 114983547 A CN114983547 A CN 114983547A CN 202210637463 A CN202210637463 A CN 202210637463A CN 114983547 A CN114983547 A CN 114983547A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/74—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/164—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans intramedullary
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/1662—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7233—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/92—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices
- A61B17/921—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices for intramedullary devices
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Abstract
The invention provides a proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixing auxiliary device, which relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments and comprises a femoral fixing piece, wherein the top of the femoral fixing piece is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw rod, the middle position of the adjusting screw rod is provided with a force application part, and the upper end of the adjusting screw rod is in threaded connection with the bottom of a clamping fixing block; the clamping fixing block is clamped and fixed at the bottom of the adjustable fixing piece; adjustment formula mounting one end can be dismantled and be connected with thighbone opening subassembly, other end fixed mounting is on the link, put into the intramedullary nail from the opening part at thighbone macrostoma top, top and the adjustment formula mounting fixed connection with the intramedullary nail afterwards, then rotate the adjusting screw through force application portion, joint fixed block pulling adjustment formula mounting downstream this moment, impress the intramedullary nail through the rotatory pressurized condition of screw thread, thereby can realize putting into of intramedullary nail, need not the hammer and strike, the effectual condition of patient's thighbone crackle of having avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, and particularly relates to a proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixing auxiliary device.
Background
Intramedullary nails belong to orthopedic internal fixation instruments in medical instruments. The structure is provided with an intramedullary nail rod, a near-end locking screw hole is arranged at the near end of the intramedullary nail rod, and a pressure reduction plane is arranged on the surface of the intramedullary nail rod. More than one strip-shaped decompression plane is arranged on the surface of the intramedullary nail rod, and the decompression plane can extend from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail rod to the distal end of the intramedullary nail rod. A locking screw positioning screw hole and a connecting sleeve positioning groove are arranged at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail rod; intramedullary nails are the first choice for internal fixation of femoral shaft fractures. The insertion point of the femoral intramedullary nail is positioned at the pear-shaped fossa on the inner side of the greater trochanter of the femur.
The intramedullary nail can control the axial force line of the fracture part, the intramedullary nail with a lock can prevent the fracture rotation deformity, reduce the risk of fracture of the built-in object, reduce the damage to periosteum blood circulation, keep the growth factor with osteogenesis function in hematoma, expand the marrow chip to have the self bone grafting effect, and the factors of micro-motion generated by muscle contraction, providing mechanical stimulation and the like to promote the fracture healing.
At present, when an intramedullary nail is placed, a plurality of groups of medical devices such as puncture, reaming, fixation and the like need to be matched for use, the use is very troublesome, the working efficiency is low, and when the intramedullary nail is placed, a hammer is required to be knocked into the intramedullary nail, and the knocking placing mode is very easy to cause femoral bone fracture.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop an auxiliary device for proximal intramedullary nail fixation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an auxiliary device for fixing a proximal intramedullary nail of a femur, which aims to solve the problem that the traditional intramedullary nail needs to be implanted in a hammer striking manner when being implanted, and the striking implantation manner is easy to cause femoral fracture. An auxiliary device for fixing a proximal intramedullary nail of a femur comprises the intramedullary nail and the auxiliary device for fixing the intramedullary nail, wherein the auxiliary device comprises a femur fixing piece, the top of the femur fixing piece is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw rod, the middle position of the adjusting screw rod is provided with a force application part, and the upper end of the adjusting screw rod is in threaded connection with the bottom of a clamping fixing block; the clamping fixing block is clamped and fixed at the bottom of the adjustable fixing piece; one end of the adjustable fixing piece is detachably connected with the femoral opening component, and the other end of the adjustable fixing piece is fixedly arranged on the connecting frame;
the connecting frame is L-shaped, and the bottom of the connecting frame is fixedly provided with an inclined open hole seat; the inclined perforated seat is in threaded connection with an inclined perforated assembly; a sliding frame is arranged below the inclined hole forming seat; the sliding sleeve is sleeved below the sliding frame, the sliding sleeve is fixedly provided with a connecting arm, and one end, far away from the sliding sleeve, of the connecting arm is in threaded connection with a femur far-end opening assembly.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, sliding grooves are formed on both sides of the lower end of the connecting frame and both sides of the inclined perforated seat; the upper end of the sliding frame is arranged in a U shape and is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding manner, and the sliding frame and the sliding groove are locked and fixed through bolts; the lower end of the connecting frame is provided with a plurality of through holes convenient for connecting the sliding sleeves; the sliding sleeve and the sliding frame are fixed through bolts.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the adjustable fixing piece comprises a fixing seat, a rectangular groove is formed above the fixing seat, and a sliding arm is connected in the rectangular groove in a sliding manner; one end of the sliding arm is round-head-shaped, a hanging bolt is connected with the sliding arm through threads, and an adjusting screw rod is fixedly installed at the other end of the sliding arm; a spring is sleeved above the adjusting screw rod, one end of the adjusting screw rod penetrates through the outer side of the fixed seat and is connected with a locking nut in a matching way; the fixing seat is provided with a plurality of threaded holes and is connected with a locking bolt in a matching way.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the femur opening component comprises a hoisting seat which is fixedly arranged on one side of a C-shaped seat; the inner side of the C-shaped seat is provided with two protruding columns, and the two protruding columns are clamped and connected in the side sliding grooves in a sliding manner; the side sliding grooves are formed in two sides of the outer barrel;
two convex rings are arranged in the outer cylinder and are rotationally connected with the inner cylinder provided with the annular groove; the inner cylinder is connected with a puncture rod in a penetrating way from top to bottom; the puncture rod on fixed mounting have fixed disk and go up the chuck, and be provided with spacing dish between fixed disk and last chuck, this spacing dish fixed mounting is in the inside of inner tube to set up the through-hole that is convenient for the puncture rod to pass at the intermediate position of spacing dish.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, a reset spring is sleeved on the puncture rod and is positioned between the fixed disc and the limiting disc;
the lower end of the inner part of the inner cylinder is provided with a lower chuck; the bottom of the upper chuck is provided with a convex block; the upper surface of the lower chuck is provided with a groove which can be clamped with the convex block.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the inclined tapping component comprises a positioning cylinder, wherein the outer part of the positioning cylinder is provided with an external thread and is in threaded connection with the inclined tapping seat, and the inner part of the positioning cylinder is provided with an internal thread and is in threaded connection with a tapping rod; one end of the positioning cylinder, which is close to the femur fixing part, is set to be in a conical shape, and the other end of the positioning cylinder is provided with a plum blossom handle;
the reaming rod is provided with a cross conical head close to the femur fixing piece, and the other end of the reaming rod is also provided with a plum blossom handle; the length of the reaming rod is greater than that of the positioning cylinder.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, one end of each of the two reaming rods, which is provided with the plum blossom-shaped handle, is also sleeved with an indication arrow which is connected in the depth adjusting sliding frame in a sliding manner; the depth adjusting sliding frame is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inclined hole seat through a mounting frame.
An included angle between the inner side edge of the inclined hole-opening seat and the central axis of the hole-expanding rod is 58 degrees; the positioning cylinder is provided with an opening groove convenient for placing a bolt at one end of the conical head.
The composition structure of the femur far-end opening component is the same as that of the inclined open pore component;
the femur fixing part comprises a C-shaped frame, wherein a plum-blossom handle bolt is connected to one side of the C-shaped frame in a threaded manner, and a hanging bracket is fixedly installed on the other side of the C-shaped frame; the hanger is provided with a through groove which is convenient for the positioning cylinder to pass through.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the invention, when in use, the position of the femur at the outer side of the thigh of a patient needs to be opened, after the opening, the femur opening component is firstly fixedly connected with the adjustable fixing component, the femur fixing component is clamped and fixed with the femur of the patient, the central axis of the femur opening component is positioned at the top of the femoral tuberosity of the patient, the femoral tuberosity of the femur of the patient is punched by the femur opening component, then the femur opening component is taken down, the intramedullary nail is put in from the opening at the top of the femoral tuberosity, then the top of the intramedullary nail is fixedly connected with the adjustable fixing component, then the adjusting screw rod is rotated by the force application part, at the moment, the clamping fixing component pulls the adjustable fixing component to move downwards, and the intramedullary nail is pressed in under the condition of screw thread rotating and pressurizing, thereby the intramedullary nail can be put in without knocking of a medical hammer, and the condition that the femur of the patient has cracks is effectively avoided, the occurrence of the situation of 'hip fall' of the patient is also avoided; the left lower side of the femoral greater trochanter of the patient can be holed by utilizing the inclined hole-opening component, the depth of the hole extends to the inner part of the femoral lesser trochanter, and then the intramedullary nail is fixed by utilizing the locking nail, so that the proximal fixation of the intramedullary nail is realized;
2. in the invention, because the distance difference exists between the position of the intramedullary nail when the intramedullary nail is fixedly connected through the hanging bolt and the position fixed by the femur fixing piece and the adjustable fixing piece, therefore, the relative position of the sliding arm on the fixing seat can be realized by changing the matching degree of the locking nut and the adjusting screw rod, thereby ensuring that the intramedullary nail can strictly enter according to the opening of the femur fixing piece on the tuberosity; 3. in the invention, when the big tuberosity is perforated, firstly, the plum blossom handle bolt is loosened,
then the puncture rod is connected with an electric hand drill, the electric hand drill drives the puncture rod to rotate, the tuberosity is punctured, force is slowly applied downwards while the tuberosity is rotated until the upper chuck and the lower chuck are clamped, the inner barrel starts to rotate at the moment, and a puncture hole is reamed, so that the intramedullary nail can be conveniently placed in the later period;
4. in the invention, the included angle between the inner side edge of the inclined hole forming seat and the central axis of the hole expanding rod is 58 degrees, so that the hole forming position of the inclined hole forming component can be ensured to just penetrate through a bolt fixing groove formed in the upper end of the intramedullary nail, and the bolt can be conveniently placed in the later period; when a hole is formed in the left lower side of a patient femoral tuberosity, firstly, a positioning cylinder is screwed to be tightly propped against the skin on the outer side of a leg of the patient, the conical head of the positioning cylinder is utilized to pierce the skin of the patient, then, a piercing rod is penetrated into a hole expanding rod, the patient is pierced (the piercing mode is the piercing mode that a traditional electric hand drill is utilized to drive a drill rod), the piercing rod is taken out after the piercing is finished, then, the hole expanding rod is screwed, a cross conical head is utilized to expand a piercing opening, the hole expanding rod is withdrawn after the expanding is finished, then, a bolt (a cross key cap bolt) for fixing the intramedullary nail is arranged in the positioning cylinder through an open slot, then, the cross conical head is engaged with the bolt and is gradually screwed until the femur of the patient and the intramedullary nail are fixed, and the intramedullary nail at the near end of the femur of the patient is fixed;
5. in the invention, during reaming, the indication arrow can move along with the reaming rod so as to display the reaming depth, and the reaming depth of the reaming rod can be judged through the depth adjusting sliding frame so as to facilitate the understanding of the reaming depth by medical staff in the later period;
6. according to the invention, when the lengthened intramedullary nail is fixed, the distal end of the femur needs to be fixed, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the sliding frame at the moment, the position of the sliding sleeve sleeved on the sliding frame is adjusted according to the specific length of the intramedullary nail, then locking and fixing are carried out through the plum blossom handle bolt, then the distal end of the femur of a patient is holed through the distal opening component of the femur (the hole opening mode is consistent with that of the inclined hole opening component, so that the description is not accumulated), and then the bolt is placed in, so that the distal end of the femur of the patient is fixed with the intramedullary nail;
7. according to the invention, the device does not need to be assembled once when in use, the working efficiency is high, the medical time is greatly saved, the labor intensity of medical care personnel is reduced, and the medical efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the femoral opening assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an adjustable fastener of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a rear view of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the angled vent assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the angled vent assembly of the present invention;
figure 12 is a schematic view of the femoral mount of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-femur fixing part, 2-adjusting screw, 3-force application part, 4-clamping fixing block, 5-adjusting fixing part, 6-femur opening component, 7-connecting frame, 8-inclined opening seat, 9-sliding groove, 10-sliding frame, 11-inclined opening component, 12-sliding sleeve, 13-connecting arm, 14-femur distal opening component, 51-fixing seat, 52-locking bolt, 53-sliding arm, 54-hanging bolt, 55-adjusting screw, 56-spring, 57-locking nut, 61-hoisting seat, 62-plum blossom handle bolt, 63-C type seat, 64-outer cylinder, 65-side sliding groove, 66-puncture rod, 67-reset spring, 68-fixing disc, 69-limiting disc, 610-upper chuck, 611-lower chuck, 612-inner cylinder, 111-positioning cylinder, 112-reaming rod, 113-mounting frame, 114-depth adjusting carriage, 115-indicating arrow, 116-open slot, 117-cross conical head, 101-C type frame, 102-plum blossom handle bolt, 103-hanger and 104-through slot.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in figures 1-12
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention provides a proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixing auxiliary device, which comprises an intramedullary nail and an auxiliary device for fixing the intramedullary nail, wherein the auxiliary device comprises a femoral fixing piece 1, the top of the femoral fixing piece 1 is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw rod 2, the middle position of the adjusting screw rod 2 is provided with a force application part 3, and the upper end of the adjusting screw rod 2 is in threaded connection with the bottom of a clamping fixing block 4; the clamping fixing block 4 is clamped and fixed at the bottom of the adjustable fixing piece 5; one end of the adjustable fixing piece 5 is detachably connected with a femoral opening component 6, and the other end of the adjustable fixing piece is fixedly arranged on a connecting frame 7;
the connecting frame 7 is set to be L-shaped, and the bottom of the connecting frame 7 is fixedly provided with an inclined open hole seat 8; the inclined perforated seat 8 is in threaded connection with an inclined perforated assembly 11; a sliding frame 10 is arranged below the inclined hole seat 8; a sliding sleeve 12 is sleeved below the sliding frame 10, a connecting arm 13 is fixedly mounted on the sliding sleeve 12, and a distal femur opening assembly 14 is in threaded connection with one end of the connecting arm 13 far away from the sliding sleeve 12.
Particularly, when the intramedullary nail is used, the femoral position on the outer side of the thigh of a patient needs to be opened, after the opening, a femoral opening component 6 is fixedly connected with an adjustable fixing component 5, a femoral fixing component 1 is fixedly connected with the femur of the patient in a clamping manner, the central axis of the femoral opening component 6 is positioned at the top of the femoral tuberosity of the patient, the femoral tuberosity of the femur of the patient is punched by the femoral opening component 6, then the femoral opening component 6 is taken down, the intramedullary nail is put into the opening at the top of the femoral tuberosity, then the top of the intramedullary nail is fixedly connected with the adjustable fixing component 5, then the adjusting screw rod 2 is rotated by a force application part 3, at the moment, the clamping fixing block 4 pulls the adjustable fixing component 5 to move downwards, the intramedullary nail is pressed in under the condition of screw thread rotating and pressurizing, thereby the intramedullary nail can be put in without knocking of a medical hammer, the condition that the thighbone of the patient cracks is effectively avoided, and the condition that the patient falls off the crotch is also avoided; the left lower side of the patient's femoral greater trochanter can be tapped with the oblique tapping assembly 11 with the depth of the tapping extending into the interior of the femoral lesser trochanter, and the intramedullary nail is then secured with locking pins to achieve proximal fixation of the intramedullary nail.
In the implementation, the two sides of the lower end of the connecting frame 7 and the two sides of the inclined hole seat 8 are both provided with sliding chutes 9; the upper end of the sliding frame 10 is U-shaped and is connected in the sliding groove 9 in a sliding manner, and the sliding frame 10 and the sliding groove 9 are locked and fixed through bolts; the lower end of the connecting frame 7 is provided with a plurality of through holes convenient for the connection of the sliding sleeve 12; the sliding sleeve 12 and the sliding frame 10 are fixed through bolts.
In this embodiment, the adjustable fixing member 5 includes a fixing seat 51, a rectangular groove is formed above the fixing seat 51, and a sliding arm 53 is slidably connected in the rectangular groove; one end of the sliding arm 53 is round-head-shaped, and is connected with a hanging bolt 54 through a thread, and the other end of the sliding arm 53 is fixedly provided with an adjusting screw 55; a spring 56 is sleeved above the adjusting screw 55, one end of the adjusting screw 55 penetrates through the outer side of the fixed seat 51, and a locking nut 57 is connected in a matching manner; the fixing seat 51 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes and is connected with a locking bolt 52 in a matching manner.
Specifically, because the distance between the position of the intramedullary nail when the intramedullary nail is fixedly connected through the hanging bolt 54 and the position where the femur fixing member 1 and the adjustable fixing member 5 are fixed is different, for this reason, the relative position of the sliding arm 53 on the fixing seat 51 can be realized by changing the matching degree of the locking nut 57 and the adjusting screw 55, thereby ensuring that the intramedullary nail can enter from the opening on the greater tuberosity strictly according to the femur fixing member 1.
In this embodiment, the femoral opening component 6 includes a hoisting base 61, and the hoisting base 61 is fixedly installed on one side of the C-shaped base 63; the inner side of the C-shaped seat 63 is provided with two protruding columns, and each side of the C-shaped seat is connected with a side sliding groove 65 in a clamping and sliding manner; the side sliding grooves 65 are formed on two sides of the outer cylinder 64;
two convex rings are arranged in the outer cylinder 64 and are rotationally connected with an inner cylinder 612 provided with an annular groove; the inner cylinder 612 is connected with a puncture rod 66 in a penetrating way from top to bottom; the puncture rod 66 is fixedly provided with a fixed disc 68 and an upper chuck 610, a limit disc 69 is arranged between the fixed disc 68 and the upper chuck 610, the limit disc 69 is fixedly arranged in the inner cylinder 612, and a through hole for the puncture rod 66 to pass through is arranged in the middle of the limit disc 69.
In this embodiment, the puncture rod 66 is sleeved with a return spring 67, and the return spring 67 is located between the fixed disc 68 and the limiting disc 69;
the lower end in the inner cylinder 612 is provided with a lower chuck 611; the bottom of the upper chuck 610 is provided with a convex block; the upper surface of the lower chuck 611 is provided with a groove which can be clamped with the convex block.
Specifically, when the large tuberosity is perforated, firstly the plum blossom handle bolt 62 is loosened, then the puncture rod 66 is connected with the electric hand drill, the electric hand drill drives the puncture rod 66 to rotate, the large tuberosity is punctured, the force is slowly applied downwards while rotating until the upper chuck 610 and the lower chuck 611 are clamped, at the moment, the inner barrel 612 starts to rotate, and the puncture hole is reamed, so that the intramedullary nail is conveniently placed into the later period.
In this embodiment, the inclined hole-forming component 11 includes a positioning cylinder 111, the positioning cylinder 111 is externally provided with an external thread and is in threaded connection with the inclined hole-forming seat 8, and the positioning cylinder 111 is internally provided with an internal thread and is in threaded connection with a hole-expanding rod 112; one end of the positioning cylinder 111 close to the femur fixing part 1 is set to be in a conical shape, and a plum blossom handle is arranged at the other end of the positioning cylinder 111;
the reaming rod 112 is provided with a cross conical head 117 close to the femur fixing part 1, and the other end is also provided with a plum blossom handle; the length of the reaming rod 112 is greater than that of the positioning cylinder 111.
Specifically, when the left lower side of the femoral greater tuberosity of the patient is holed, the positioning cylinder 111 is firstly screwed to be tightly pressed against the skin on the outer side of the leg of the patient, the skin of the patient is punctured by the conical head of the positioning cylinder 111, then a puncturing rod is inserted into the reaming rod 112, the puncture mode for the patient is the traditional puncture mode that an electric hand drill is utilized to drive a drill rod to puncture, the puncture rod is taken out after the puncture is finished, then the reaming rod 112 is screwed, the puncture hole is reamed by utilizing the cross conical head 117, the reaming rod 112 is withdrawn after the reaming is finished, then, a bolt (adopting a cross key cap bolt) for fixing the intramedullary nail is arranged in the positioning cylinder 111 through the open slot 116, then the cross conical head 117 is matched with the bolt, and gradually screwing until the femur of the patient is fixed with the intramedullary nail, thereby realizing the intramedullary nail fixation of the proximal end of the femur of the patient.
In this embodiment, the ends of the two reaming rods 112, which are provided with the plum blossom-shaped handles, are further sleeved with an indication arrow 115, and the indication arrow 115 is slidably connected in the depth adjustment carriage 114; the depth adjustment carriage 114 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the inclined hole seat 8 through a mounting bracket 113.
Specifically, when reaming, instruction arrow 115 can move along with reaming pole 112 to show the reaming degree of depth, can judge the reaming degree of depth of reaming pole 112 through degree of depth adjustment balladeur train 114, so that later stage medical personnel can know the reaming degree of depth.
The included angle between the inner side edge of the inclined hole forming seat 8 and the central axis of the hole expanding rod 112 is 58 degrees; an open slot 116 for placing a bolt is formed at one end of the positioning cylinder 111, which is provided with a conical head.
Particularly, the hole opening position of the inclined hole opening component 11 can be ensured to just penetrate through a bolt fixing groove formed in the upper end of the intramedullary nail, and the bolt can be conveniently placed in the later period.
The distal femoral opening component 14 and the oblique hole component 11 have the same structure;
the femur fixing part 1 comprises a C-shaped frame 101, wherein a plum blossom handle bolt 102 is in threaded connection with one side of the C-shaped frame 101, and a hanging bracket 103 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the C-shaped frame 101; the hanger 103 is provided with a through groove 104 for the positioning cylinder 111 to pass through.
It is specific a bit, when fixing the extension intramedullary nail, need fix the distal end of thighbone, overlap sliding sleeve 12 on balladeur train 10 this moment, specifically adjust the position of sliding sleeve 12 cover on balladeur train 10 according to the concrete length of intramedullary nail, then it is fixed to carry out the locking through the plum blossom handle bolt, then carry out the trompil to patient's thighbone distal end through thighbone distal end opening subassembly 14 (trompil mode is unanimous with slope trompil subassembly 11 theory of operation, thereby no longer mention), put into the bolt afterwards, and realized the fixed of patient's thighbone distal end and intramedullary nail.
Principle of operation
When the invention is used, the position of the femur on the outer side of the thigh of a patient needs to be opened, after the opening, a femur opening component 6 is fixedly connected with an adjustable fixing component 5, a femur fixing component 1 is clamped and fixed with the femur of the patient, the central axis of the femur opening component 6 is positioned at the top of the greater tuberosity of the femur of the patient, the greater tuberosity of the femur of the patient is punched by the femur opening component 6, then the femur opening component 6 is taken down, an intramedullary nail is put in from the opening at the top of the greater tuberosity of the femur, then the top of the intramedullary nail is fixedly connected with the adjustable fixing component 5, an adjusting screw rod 2 is rotated by a force application part 3, at the moment, the clamping fixing component 4 pulls the adjustable fixing component 5 to move downwards, the intramedullary nail is pressed in under the condition of screw thread rotating and pressurizing, thereby the intramedullary nail can be put in without knocking of a medical hammer, the condition that the thighbone of the patient cracks is effectively avoided, and the condition that the patient falls off the crotch is also avoided; the left lower side of the patient's femur greater tuberosity can be holed by the inclined holing component 11, the hole depth extends to the inside of the femur lesser tuberosity, and then the intramedullary nail is fixed by the locking nail, thereby realizing the near-end fixation of the intramedullary nail;
because the distance difference exists between the position of the intramedullary nail when the intramedullary nail is fixedly connected through the hanging bolt 54 and the position of the femur fixing piece 1 and the adjustable fixing piece 5, therefore, the relative position of the sliding arm 53 on the fixed seat 51 can be realized by changing the matching degree of the locking nut 57 and the adjusting screw 55, thereby ensuring that the intramedullary nail can strictly enter according to the opening of the femur fixing piece 1 on the tuberosity;
when the tuberosity is holed, firstly the plum blossom handle bolt 62 is loosened, then the puncture rod 66 is connected with an electric hand drill, the electric hand drill drives the puncture rod 66 to rotate to puncture the tuberosity, and the force is slowly applied downwards while rotating until the upper chuck 610 and the lower chuck 611 are clamped, at the moment, the inner barrel 612 starts to rotate, and the puncture hole is reamed so as to facilitate the placement of the intramedullary nail at the later stage;
the included angle between the inner side edge of the inclined hole forming seat 8 and the central axis of the hole expanding rod 112 is 58 degrees, so that the hole forming position of the inclined hole forming component 11 can be ensured to just penetrate through a bolt fixing groove formed in the upper end of the intramedullary nail, and bolts can be conveniently placed in the later period; when a hole is formed in the left lower side of the femoral tuberosity of a patient, firstly, a positioning cylinder 111 is screwed to be tightly pressed against the skin on the outer side of a leg of the patient, the conical head of the positioning cylinder 111 is utilized to pierce the skin of the patient, then, a piercing rod is penetrated into a reaming rod 112, the patient is pierced in a traditional manner that a hand electric drill is utilized to drive the piercing rod to pierce, the piercing rod is taken out after the piercing is finished, then, the reaming rod 112 is screwed, a cross conical head 117 is utilized to ream a piercing hole, after the reaming is finished, the reaming rod 112 is withdrawn, then, a bolt (adopting a cross keycap bolt) for fixing the intramedullary nail is arranged in the positioning cylinder 111 through an open slot 116, then, the cross conical head 117 is engaged with the bolt and is gradually screwed until the femur of the patient and the intramedullary nail are fixed, and the intramedullary nail at the proximal end of the femur of the patient is fixed;
during reaming, the indication arrow 115 moves along with the reaming rod 112 so as to display the reaming depth, and the reaming depth of the reaming rod 112 can be judged through the depth adjusting carriage 114 so as to facilitate the understanding of the reaming depth by medical staff in the later period;
when the lengthened intramedullary nail is fixed, the far end of the femur needs to be fixed, at the moment, the sliding sleeve 12 is sleeved on the sliding frame 10, the position of the sliding sleeve 12 sleeved on the sliding frame 10 is adjusted according to the specific length of the intramedullary nail, then locking and fixing are carried out through the plum blossom handle bolt, then the far end of the femur of a patient is perforated through the far end opening assembly 14 (the perforation mode is consistent with that of the inclined perforation assembly 11, so that the description is not repeated), and then the bolt is placed in, and the far end of the femur of the patient is fixed with the intramedullary nail;
according to the invention, the device does not need to be assembled once when in use, the working efficiency is high, the medical time is greatly saved, the labor intensity of medical care personnel is reduced, and the medical efficiency is improved.
The technical solutions of the present invention or similar technical solutions designed by those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the technical solutions of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention to achieve the above technical effects.
Claims (9)
1. A proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation auxiliary device comprises an intramedullary nail and an auxiliary device for intramedullary nail fixation, and is characterized in that: the auxiliary device comprises a femur fixing piece (1), the top of the femur fixing piece (1) is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw (2), a force application part (3) is arranged at the middle position of the adjusting screw (2), and the upper end of the adjusting screw (2) is in threaded connection with the bottom of a clamping fixing block (4); the clamping fixing block (4) is clamped and fixed at the bottom of the adjustable fixing piece (5); one end of the adjustable fixing piece (5) is detachably connected with a femoral opening component (6), and the other end of the adjustable fixing piece is fixedly arranged on the connecting frame (7);
the connecting frame (7) is set to be L-shaped, and the bottom of the connecting frame (7) is fixedly provided with an inclined open hole seat (8); the inclined perforated seat (8) is in threaded connection with an inclined perforated assembly (11); a sliding frame (10) is arranged below the inclined hole seat (8); sliding sleeve (12) has been cup jointed to balladeur train (10) below, still fixed mounting has linking arm (13) on this sliding sleeve (12), and the one end threaded connection that sliding sleeve (12) was kept away from in this linking arm (13) has thighbone distal end opening subassembly (14).
2. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation aid of claim 1, wherein: the two sides of the lower end of the connecting frame (7) and the two sides of the inclined hole seat (8) are both provided with sliding chutes (9); the upper end of the sliding frame (10) is arranged in a U shape and is connected in the sliding groove (9) in a sliding manner, and the sliding frame (10) and the sliding groove (9) are locked and fixed through bolts; the lower end of the connecting frame (7) is provided with a plurality of through holes convenient for the connection of the sliding sleeves (12); the sliding sleeve (12) and the sliding frame (10) are fixed through bolts.
3. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation aid of claim 1, wherein: the adjustable fixing piece (5) comprises a fixing seat (51), a rectangular groove is formed above the fixing seat (51), and a sliding arm (53) is connected in the rectangular groove in a sliding manner; one end of the sliding arm (53) is round-head-shaped, a hanging bolt (54) is connected with the sliding arm in a threaded manner, and an adjusting screw rod (55) is fixedly installed at the other end of the sliding arm (53); a spring (56) is sleeved above the adjusting screw rod (55), one end of the adjusting screw rod (55) penetrates through the outer side of the fixed seat (51), and is connected with a locking nut (57) in a matching way; the fixing seat (51) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes and is connected with a locking bolt (52) in a matching way.
4. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation aid of claim 1, wherein: the femur opening component (6) comprises a hoisting seat (61), and the hoisting seat (61) is fixedly arranged on one side of the C-shaped seat (63); the inner side of the C-shaped seat (63) is provided with two protruding columns, and each side of the C-shaped seat is connected with a side sliding groove (65) in a clamping and sliding manner; the side sliding grooves (65) are formed in two sides of the outer cylinder (64);
two convex rings are arranged in the outer cylinder (64), and the convex rings are rotationally connected with the inner cylinder (612) provided with the annular groove; the inner cylinder (612) is connected with a puncture rod (66) in a penetrating way from top to bottom; the puncture rod (66) is fixedly provided with a fixed disc (68) and an upper chuck (610), a limiting disc (69) is arranged between the fixed disc (68) and the upper chuck (610), the limiting disc (69) is fixedly arranged in the inner barrel (612), and a through hole for the puncture rod (66) to pass through is formed in the middle of the limiting disc (69).
5. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation aid of claim 4, wherein: a reset spring (67) is sleeved on the puncture rod (66), and the reset spring (67) is positioned between the fixed disc (68) and the limiting disc (69);
the lower end in the inner cylinder (612) is provided with a lower chuck (611); the bottom of the upper chuck (610) is provided with a convex block; the upper surface of the lower chuck (611) is provided with a groove which can be clamped with the convex block.
6. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation aid of claim 1, wherein: the inclined hole-opening assembly (11) comprises a positioning cylinder (111), wherein an external thread is arranged on the outer part of the positioning cylinder (111) and is in threaded connection with the inclined hole-opening seat (8), an internal thread is arranged on the inner part of the positioning cylinder (111) and is in threaded connection with a hole expanding rod (112); one end of the positioning cylinder (111) close to the femur fixing part (1) is arranged to be conical, and the other end of the positioning cylinder (111) is provided with a plum blossom handle;
the reaming rod (112) is provided with a cross conical head (117) close to the femur fixing part (1), and the other end of the reaming rod is also provided with a plum blossom handle; the length of the hole expanding rod (112) is greater than that of the positioning cylinder (111).
7. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation aid of claim 6, wherein: one end of each of the two hole expanding rods (112) provided with the plum blossom-shaped handle is also sleeved with an indicating arrow (115), and the indicating arrow (115) is connected in the depth adjusting sliding frame (114) in a sliding manner; the depth adjusting sliding frame (114) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inclined hole seat (8) through a mounting frame (113).
8. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation aid of claim 7, wherein: an included angle between the inner side edge of the inclined open hole seat (8) and the central axis of the reaming rod (112) is 58 degrees; an open slot (116) convenient for placing a bolt is arranged at one end of the positioning cylinder (111) provided with the conical head.
9. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation aid of claim 8, wherein: the distal femoral opening component (14) and the inclined hole component (11) have the same composition structure;
the femur fixing part (1) comprises a C-shaped frame (101), one side of the C-shaped frame (101) is in threaded connection with a plum blossom handle bolt (102), and the other side of the C-shaped frame (101) is fixedly provided with a hanger (103); the hanging bracket (103) is provided with a through groove (104) which is convenient for the positioning cylinder (111) to pass through.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210637463.3A CN114983547A (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Auxiliary device for fixing proximal intramedullary nail of femur |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210637463.3A CN114983547A (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Auxiliary device for fixing proximal intramedullary nail of femur |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114983547A true CN114983547A (en) | 2022-09-02 |
Family
ID=83032350
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210637463.3A Withdrawn CN114983547A (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Auxiliary device for fixing proximal intramedullary nail of femur |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114983547A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115844482A (en) * | 2022-12-17 | 2023-03-28 | 尤尼泰科(重庆)医疗科技有限公司 | Length-adjustable quick-change orthopedic guide |
-
2022
- 2022-06-08 CN CN202210637463.3A patent/CN114983547A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115844482A (en) * | 2022-12-17 | 2023-03-28 | 尤尼泰科(重庆)医疗科技有限公司 | Length-adjustable quick-change orthopedic guide |
| CN115844482B (en) * | 2022-12-17 | 2023-08-29 | 尤尼泰科(重庆)医疗科技有限公司 | Length-adjustable quick-change orthopedic guide |
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Application publication date: 20220902 |