CN114978297A - Unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication assisted backscatter communication method - Google Patents
Unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication assisted backscatter communication method Download PDFInfo
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- H04B7/22—Scatter propagation systems, e.g. ionospheric, tropospheric or meteor scatter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
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- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication auxiliary backscattering communication method, and belongs to the field of low-energy-consumption wireless communication. According to the method, an air-ground communication radio frequency signal of the unmanned aerial vehicle is used as a carrier, and information is sent by adjusting a backscattering coefficient. When the unmanned aerial vehicle U sends information to the ground user C by using a downlink, the transmitter A transmits the information to the receiver B by using an unmanned aerial vehicle radio frequency signal. And when the ground user C sends information to the unmanned aerial vehicle U, the transmitter sends information to the receiver B by using the radio frequency signal of the user C. The communication method provided by the invention can realize backscatter communication by utilizing the air-ground radio frequency signal of the unmanned aerial vehicle on the downlink or uplink of the air-ground communication of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and reduces the interference of the two communication modes through frequency deviation, so that the communication of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the backscatter communication coexist; the communication energy consumption can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-energy-consumption wireless communication, and relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication auxiliary backscattering communication method.
Background
With the miniaturization of communication devices and the development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, the realization of wireless communication by using unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted communication devices is an emerging technology that receives much attention. In areas lacking a ground communication infrastructure, such as military applications and natural disaster relief situations, deploying drone communication devices can quickly establish communication connections for these areas. Therefore, unmanned aerial vehicle communication technology is rapidly developed in recent years.
On the other hand, with the development of wireless communication technology, the internet of everything becomes an important feature of a future communication network. The existing ground communication facilities and the assistance of unmanned aerial vehicle communication are difficult to meet the requirement of interconnection of the huge-scale Internet of things. Some internet of things equipment has limited battery power, and low-energy-consumption communication technology is urgently needed to maintain work. When the backscattering communication system works, the radio frequency signals in the environment are used as carriers, and information is transmitted by adjusting the reflection coefficient of the antenna. The backscatter communication system is capable of wireless communication without actively transmitting radio frequency signals, requiring only microwatt levels of power when in operation. The ultra-low energy consumption technology is an important potential technology for realizing large-scale Internet of things.
The existing backscattering communication technology needs a special radio frequency signal source or utilizes a WIFI signal, a wireless signal or a base station signal as a radio frequency carrier. In areas lacking ground infrastructure, these carrier signals are difficult to obtain, the invention proposes to utilize the radio frequency signal of the unmanned aerial vehicle communication system deployed rapidly to realize the backscattering communication, when the unmanned aerial vehicle communicates with the ground through the downlink, the unmanned aerial vehicle transmits the signal and is used as the backscattering communication; when a ground user communicates with the drone over an uplink, the ground user transmit signal is used as a backscatter communications carrier. The present invention is therefore able to provide uninterrupted low energy wireless communication in the absence of terrestrial communication facilities.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation that a special radio frequency signal source is needed for backscatter communication under the condition of no ground infrastructure communication facility, a method for realizing backscatter communication by using an unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication signal as a radio frequency signal source is provided. The communication method provided by the invention can realize backscatter communication on a downlink or an uplink of the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication, and reduces the interference of the two communication modes through frequency offset, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle communication and the backscatter communication coexist.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication assisted backscatter communication method, a communication system capable of simultaneously carrying out unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication and backscatter communication, comprises the following contents: the unmanned aerial vehicle U sends information to a ground user C through a downlink; the transmitter A receives a radio frequency signal sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle, modulates the information of the transmitter A to a radio frequency signal (carrier wave) sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle U by adjusting the reflection coefficient of the antenna, and transmits the signal to the receiver B. The transmitter A, the receiver B and the user C are located on the ground. In the communication process, the air-ground communication between the unmanned aerial vehicle U and the ground user C is conventional wireless air-ground communication, and the backscatter communication is adopted between the transmitter A and the receiver B.
In order to attenuate the power of the interfering signals, the transmitter a has a certain frequency offset f when reflecting the radio-frequency signals sent by the drone U 0 Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the power of the radio frequency signal sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle U is P u The carrier frequency (air-ground communication center frequency) of the transmitted radio frequency signal is f 1 The frequency of the reflected signal from the transmitter A (backscatter communications center frequency) is f 2 Satisfy f 2 = f 1 + f 0 Wherein f is 0 Is to reduce interference, at the frequency f of the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication 1 And a backscatter communication frequency f 2 A set frequency offset. The frequency offset value f 0 Depending on the particular transceiver design, generally not to exceed the communication center frequency f 1 One hundredth of the total. For example, a CC2500 module from TI corporation operates at 2.4GHz, and a frequency offset of about 2MHz can achieve 50dB of interference signal attenuation. In addition, f is 0 The larger the interference between air-ground communication and backscatter communication, but f 0 Too much will result in too little backscatter communication power. Therefore, it is required to be according to the concreteBy selecting a suitable f 0 To obtain the maximum signal to interference and noise ratio.
Further, backscatter communication is disturbed by the signal sent by drone U, and air-to-ground communication is disturbed by the signal reflected by transmitter a.
An unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication assisted backscatter communication method, a communication system capable of simultaneously carrying out unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication and backscatter communication, comprises the following contents: the ground user C sends information to the unmanned aerial vehicle U through an uplink; the transmitter A receives the radio frequency signal sent by the user C, modulates the self information of the transmitter A to the radio frequency signal (carrier wave) sent by the user C by adjusting the reflection coefficient of the antenna, and transmits the signal to the receiver B. The transmitter A, the receiver B and the user C are located on the ground. In the communication process, the air-ground communication between the user C and the unmanned aerial vehicle U is conventional wireless air-ground communication, and the backscattering communication is performed from the transmitter A to the receiver B.
In order to attenuate the power of the interference signal, the transmitter a has a certain frequency offset f when reflecting the radio frequency signal transmitted by the drone U 0 Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the power of the radio frequency signal sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle U is P u The carrier frequency (air-ground communication center frequency) of the transmitted radio frequency signal is f 1 The frequency of the reflected signal from the transmitter A (backscatter communications center frequency) is f 2 Satisfy f 2 = f 1 + f 0 Wherein f is 0 Is to reduce interference and to reduce the frequency f of the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication 1 And a backscatter communication frequency f 2 With a set frequency offset. F is 0 Similar to the uplink.
Similar to the downlink, the uplink backscatter communication transmitter a also has a frequency offset f when the reflecting user C transmits a radio frequency signal 0 Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the power of the radio frequency signal sent by the ground user C is P c The carrier frequency (air-ground communication center frequency) of the transmitted radio frequency signal is f 1 The frequency of the reflected signal from the transmitter A (backscatter communications center frequency) is f 2 Satisfy f 2 = f 1 + f 0 Wherein f is 0 Is to reduce drynessDisturbing the frequency f of the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication 1 And a backscatter communication frequency f 2 A set frequency offset. F is 0 As with the downlink, the communication center frequency f is typically not exceeded 1 One hundredth of the total.
Further, the backscatter communication is interfered by the signal transmitted by the ground user C, and the air-ground communication is interfered by the signal reflected by the transmitter a.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a novel method for realizing backscatter communication by utilizing radio frequency signals of air-ground communication of an unmanned aerial vehicle, on one hand, the backscatter communication can be realized by utilizing the radio frequency signals of the air-ground communication under the condition of no ground communication infrastructure; on the other hand, interference between air-ground communication and backscattering communication is weakened through a frequency offset method, so that two communication systems can coexist.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communications system based on a drone; the system comprises an uplink part and a downlink part, wherein U in the figure is an unmanned aerial vehicle, C is a ground user served by the unmanned aerial vehicle, A is a backscatter communication transmitter, and B is a backscatter communication receiver.
Fig. 2 shows the probability of interruption of downlink backscatter communications at different fading factors m, as the transmitted power of the drone varies.
Fig. 3 shows the probability of interruption of backscatter communications when the altitude of a downlink drone changes in the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the probability of interruption of air-ground communication, as the signal transmission power of the drone varies, for the downlink in the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the probability of a backscatter communication outage that the uplink in the present invention becomes lossy with the signal transmission power of terrestrial user C.
Fig. 6 shows the probability of interruption of the air-ground communication when the uplink power varies with the signal transmission power of the drone.
Detailed Description
In the invention, an unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication auxiliary backscatter communication method is provided, and a schematic diagram of a specific scheme is shown in figure 1. In the method, when the unmanned aerial vehicle realizes downlink air-ground communication, a transmitter A reflects a radio frequency signal sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle and realizes backscatter communication with a receiver B, and when the unmanned aerial vehicle realizes uplink air-ground communication, the transmitter A reflects a radio frequency signal sent by a ground user C and realizes backscatter communication with the receiver B. In this manner, continuous backscatter communications can be achieved when air-to-ground communications are used for uplink and downlink communications using time division duplexing. For a better understanding of the above invention and its embodiments, reference is made to the following detailed description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A backscattering communication method assisted by unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication is characterized in that firstly, in a downlink of the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication, a transmitter A utilizes a radio frequency signal sent by an unmanned aerial vehicle to realize backscattering communication. Air-to-ground communication center frequency f 1 915MHz, backscatter communications centre frequency f 2 917MHz, backscatter communications frequency offset f 0 2MHz, a backscatter communication distance of 10m, an air-ground communication path loss exponent of 2, and a ground communication path loss exponent of 2.7.
The probability of interruption of downlink backscatter communications is first analyzed, see fig. 2. It can be seen that the simulation results are consistent with the analysis results. Along with unmanned aerial vehicle signal transmission power P u The outage probability decreases with increasing. When the signal transmission power of the unmanned aerial vehicle is high, the interruption probability is reduced along with the increase of the Nakagami fading factor m of the air-ground communication.
The present example also analyzes the effect of the flight height H of the drone on the probability of backscatter communications interruption, see figure 3. It can be seen that in the case of the signal emission power of the unmanned aerial vehicle being 0dBm, 5dBm, 10dBm, the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is increased from 50m to 400m, and the interruption probability of the backscatter communication shows a trend of descending first and then ascending. An optimal flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be obtained through searching.
Next, the probability of interruption of the air-ground communication downlink is analyzed, see fig. 4, and it can be seen from the experimental results that the air-ground communication is minimally interfered based on the advantages of the present invention. Unmanned planeSignal transmission power P u Smaller, larger fading factors m result in larger outage probabilities. And unmanned aerial vehicle signal transmission power P u Larger fading factors m result in smaller outage probabilities.
Example 2
A backscattering communication method assisted by unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication is characterized in that firstly, in an uplink of the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication, a ground user C sends a radio frequency signal to an unmanned aerial vehicle U, and a transmitter A utilizes the radio frequency signal of the user C to realize backscattering communication. Air-to-ground communication center frequency f 1 915MHz, backscatter communications center frequency f 2 917MHz, 2MHz offset of backscatter communications frequency, 10m backscatter communications distance, 2 air-to-ground communications path loss exponent, and 2.7 ground communications path loss exponent.
The probability of interruption of the uplink backscatter communication is first analyzed, see fig. 5. As can be seen from the experimental results, the threshold value gamma of the signal to interference and noise ratio b At-40 dB, -30dB, -20dB and-10 dB, the signal transmission power P is related to the user C c The probability of backscatter communications outage decreases. And the lower the sir threshold, the lower the outage probability. User C signal transmission power P due to interference of air-to-ground uplink radio frequency signal c When large, P is continuously increased c The probability of interruption cannot be reduced further.
The uplink air-to-ground communication outage probability is next analyzed, see fig. 6. As can be seen from the experimental results, based on the advantages of the present invention, the uplink air-ground communication outage probability is similar to that of the downlink air-ground communication, and is hardly interfered by the backscatter communication. User C signal transmission power P c Smaller, larger fading factors m result in larger outage probabilities. And user C signal transmission power P c Larger fading factors m result in smaller outage probabilities.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication assisted backscatter communication method is characterized in that the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication and backscatter communication can be simultaneously carried out by adopting the backscatter communication method, and the method comprises the following steps:
the unmanned aerial vehicle U sends information to a ground user C through a downlink; the transmitter A receives a radio frequency signal sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle, modulates the self information of the transmitter A to the radio frequency signal sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle U by adjusting the reflection coefficient of the antenna, and transmits the signal to the receiver B; the transmitter A, the receiver B and the user C are located on the ground; in the communication process, the air-ground communication between the unmanned aerial vehicle U and the ground user C is conventional wireless air-ground communication and is interfered by signals reflected by the transmitter A, and the transmitter A and the receiver B are in backscatter communication and are interfered by signals sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle U;
in order to attenuate the power of the interfering signals, the transmitter a has a certain frequency offset f when reflecting the radio-frequency signals sent by the drone U 0 。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the power of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the drone U is P u The carrier frequency of the transmitted RF signal is f 1 The frequency of the reflected signal of transmitter A is f 2 Satisfy f 2 ＝f 1 +f 0 Wherein f is 0 Is at the frequency f of the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication 1 And a backscatter communication frequency f 2 A set frequency offset.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the frequency offset value f is a frequency offset value 0 Not exceeding the carrier frequency f of the radio frequency signal 1 One hundredth of the total.
4. The unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication assisted backscatter communication method is characterized in that the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication and backscatter communication can be simultaneously carried out by adopting the backscatter communication method, and the method comprises the following steps:
the ground user C sends information to the unmanned aerial vehicle U through an uplink; the transmitter A receives a radio frequency signal sent by a user C, modulates the self information of the transmitter A to the radio frequency signal sent by the user C by adjusting the reflection coefficient of an antenna, and transmits the signal to the receiver B; the transmitter A, the receiver B and the user C are located on the ground; in the communication process, the air-ground communication between the user C and the unmanned aerial vehicle U is conventional wireless air-ground communication and is interfered by signals reflected by the transmitter A, and the transmitter A and the receiver B are backscatter communication and are interfered by signals sent by the ground user C;
in order to attenuate the power of the interfering signals, the transmitter a has a certain frequency offset f when reflecting the radio-frequency signals sent by the drone U 0 。
5. The UAV air-to-ground communication assisted backscatter communication method of claim 4, wherein the UAV U sends RF signal of power P u The carrier frequency of the transmitted RF signal is f 1 The frequency of the reflected signal of transmitter A is f 2 Satisfy f 2 ＝f 1 +f 0 Wherein f is 0 Is at the frequency f of the unmanned aerial vehicle air-ground communication 1 And a backscatter communication frequency f 2 With a set frequency offset.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein f is the same as f 0 Not exceeding the carrier frequency f of the radio frequency signal 1 One hundredth of the total.
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