CN114977800A - DC stabilized power supply circuit and correction method thereof - Google Patents
DC stabilized power supply circuit and correction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114977800A CN114977800A CN202210895521.2A CN202210895521A CN114977800A CN 114977800 A CN114977800 A CN 114977800A CN 202210895521 A CN202210895521 A CN 202210895521A CN 114977800 A CN114977800 A CN 114977800A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The application discloses a direct current stabilized power supply circuit and a correction method of the direct current stabilized power supply circuit. The output voltage control circuit is used for respectively outputting a PWM control signal and a current regulation signal Imov to the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit. The switching power supply circuit is used for converting the first direct current VIN into a third direct current Vmid according to the PWM control signal, and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is used for adjusting the voltage value of the third direct current Vmid according to the current adjusting signal Imov so as to obtain a second direct current VOUT. Because the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit are combined, the advantages of the two power supplies are combined, and the corresponding PWM modulation technology is used in a matched manner, the power supply with relatively high energy conversion efficiency, small output voltage ripple and noise, wide-range output and high voltage amplitude precision can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of direct-current power supply conversion, in particular to a direct-current stabilized power supply circuit and a correction method of the direct-current stabilized power supply circuit.
Background
In various electronic devices, the operation of electronic components requires a stable and reliable power supply to supply power, so the design of the power supply is a very critical task. In some applications, local power supply systems are often required to provide a supply voltage, which is characterized by continuous regulation over a certain output range, and very low voltage ripple and noise of the power supply, thus placing higher demands on the adjustable power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a direct current voltage-stabilized power supply circuit, solves the technical defect that direct current power supply exists among the prior art.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment provides a dc regulated power supply circuit, including an output voltage control circuit, a switching power supply circuit, and an LDO regulator circuit; the direct current stabilized power supply circuit is used for converting a preset first direct current VIN into a second direct current VOUT;
the output voltage control circuit is respectively connected with the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit; the output voltage control circuit is used for respectively outputting a PWM control signal and a current regulation signal Imov to the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit;
the switching power supply circuit is connected with the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit; the switching power supply circuit is used for converting the first direct current VIN into a third direct current Vmid according to the PWM control signal and then outputting the third direct current Vmid, wherein the voltage value of the third direct current Vmid is greater than that of the first direct current VIN;
the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is used for adjusting the voltage value of the third direct current Vmid according to the current adjusting signal Imov so as to obtain the second direct current VOUT;
the output voltage control circuit comprises an adjusting controller and a digital variable resistance circuit; the regulating controller is used for outputting a PWM control signal to the switching power supply circuit; the adjusting controller is connected with the digital variable resistance circuit and is also used for outputting an SPI signal to the digital variable resistance circuit through an SPI interface;
the digital variable resistance circuit is used for adjusting the resistance value of the digital variable resistance circuit according to the SPI signal so as to change the current value of the current adjusting signal Imov output to the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit.
In one embodiment, the switching power supply circuit includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal OA1, a third connection terminal OA2, a first integrated circuit U1, a first inductor L1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first resistor R0, a second resistor R1, a third resistor R2, and a first diode D1;
a first connection end of the switching power supply circuit is used for inputting the first direct current VIN;
a second connection OA1 of the switching power supply circuit is connected to the regulating controller for the input of a PWM control signal;
a third connection end OA2 of the switching power supply circuit is connected with the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit and used for outputting a third direct current Vmid;
the first integrated circuit U1 comprises a pin VIN, a pin CTRL, a pin COMP, a pin SW, a pin FB and a pin GND; the pin VIN is connected with a first connecting end of the switching power supply circuit; pin CTRL is connected to second connection OA1 of the switching power supply circuit; the pin GND is grounded;
one end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the pin VIN, and the other end is connected to the pin SW;
the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the pin SW, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the third connection OA 2;
one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the pin VIN, and the other end is grounded;
the second capacitor C2 is connected in series with the first resistor R0, one end of the series connection is grounded, and the other end of the series connection is connected with a pin COMP;
one end of a second resistor R1 is connected with a third connection end OA2 of the switch power supply circuit, and the other end is connected with a pin FB;
one end of the third resistor R2 is connected to the pin FB, and the other end is grounded.
In one embodiment, the LDO voltage regulator circuit includes a first connection OB1, a second connection OB2, a third connection, a second integrated circuit U2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, and a fourth resistor R3;
a first connection end OB1 of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the switching power supply circuit and is used for inputting the third direct current Vmid;
a second connection end OB2 of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the digital variable resistor circuit and is used for inputting the current regulating signal Imov;
the third connecting end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is used for outputting the second direct current VOUT;
the second integrated circuit U2 includes pin IN, pin EN, pin NC, pin OUT, and pin NR; the pin IN and the pin EN are connected with a first connection end OB1 of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit; the pin OUT is connected with a third connecting end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit; the pin NC is grounded;
one end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, and the other end is connected with the first connection end OB1 of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit;
one end of a fourth capacitor C4 is connected with the pin NR, and the other end is grounded;
one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected with the third connecting end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit;
one end of the fourth resistor R3 is connected to the third connection terminal of the LDO voltage regulator circuit, and the other end is connected to the second connection terminal OB2 of the LDO voltage regulator circuit.
In one embodiment, the digital variable resistance circuit includes a first connection terminal OC1 and a third integrated circuit U3;
the first connection end OC1 of the digital variable resistor circuit is connected with the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit and is used for outputting the current regulating signal Imov;
the third integrated circuit U3 comprises an SPI interface circuit, a pin VDD, a pin HA, a pin WA, a pin SCLK, a pin DIN and a pin CS;
the SPI interface circuit is connected with the adjusting controller through a pin SCLK, a pin DIN and a pin CS; the pin VDD is used as an input of an operating power supply VCC of the third integrated circuit U3; pin HA and pin WA are connected to a first connection terminal of the digital variable resistance circuit.
In one embodiment, the regulation controller comprises a first connection terminal OC2 and a fourth integrated circuit U4;
the first connection end OC2 of the regulating controller is used for connecting with the switching power supply circuit and outputting the PWM control signal;
the fourth integrated circuit U4 comprises a pin SPI _ SCLK, a pin SPI _ DIN, a pin SPI _ CS and a pin PWM; the pin SPI _ SCLK, the pin SPI _ DIN, the pin SPI _ CS and the digital variable resistor circuit are connected, and the pin PWM is connected with the first connection end OC2 of the regulating controller.
In one embodiment, the first integrated circuit U1 is model number TPS 61170; the model number of the second integrated circuit U2 is TPS7A 4701; the model of the third integrated circuit U3 is TPL0202-10 MRTER; the fourth integrated circuit U4 is model number STM 32.
According to a second aspect, an embodiment provides a method for correcting a second dc power VOUT output by a dc regulated power supply circuit according to the first aspect, including:
sequentially setting the resistance values of the digital variable resistance circuit as x1, x2, … and xn, wherein n is an integer greater than 2;
when the resistance values of the digital variable resistance circuit are x1, x2, … and xn, the voltage values y1, y2, … and yn of the second direct current VOUT are acquired in sequence;
obtaining an output correction curve formula according to (x 1, y 1), (x 2, y 2), … and (xn, yn);
and when the preset output voltage value of the second direct current VOUT is yp, acquiring the resistance value xp of the digital variable resistance circuit according to the output correction curve formula.
In one embodiment, the correction method further comprises:
when the PWM control signal changes, the output correction curve formula is obtained again; wherein, each PWM control signal corresponds to one correction curve formula.
In one embodiment, the correction method further comprises:
setting the duty ratios of the PWM control signals as a1, a2, … and am in sequence, wherein m is an integer greater than 2;
when the duty ratio of the PWM control signal is a1, a2, … and am, sequentially acquiring voltage values b1, b2, … and bm of the third direct current Vmid;
obtaining a conversion correction curve formula according to (a 1, b 1), (a 2, b 2), …, (am, bm);
and setting the duty ratio of the PWM control signal according to the conversion correction curve formula.
In one embodiment, the output calibration curve formula is a non-linear relationship formula; the conversion correction curve formula is a linear relation formula.
According to the embodiment, the direct current stabilized power supply circuit comprises an output voltage control circuit, a switching power supply circuit and an LDO stabilized voltage circuit. The output voltage control circuit is used for respectively outputting a PWM control signal and a current regulation signal Imov to the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit. The switching power supply circuit is used for converting the first direct current VIN into a third direct current Vmid according to the PWM control signal, and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is used for adjusting the voltage value of the third direct current Vmid according to the current adjusting signal Imov so as to obtain a second direct current VOUT. Due to the combination of the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit, the advantages of the two power supplies are combined, and the corresponding PWM modulation technology is used in a matched mode, so that the power supply with relatively high energy conversion efficiency, small output voltage ripple and noise, wide-range output and high voltage amplitude precision can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structural connections of a DC voltage regulator circuit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a switching power supply circuit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection of an LDO voltage regulator circuit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connections of the digital variable resistance circuit in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a digital tunable resistor according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the second DC voltage VOUT and the digital adjustable resistance Rvar according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for calibrating a DC voltage regulator circuit according to another embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an output calibration curve fit in one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a linear fit of the DC-DC output Duty _ x in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated elements. In the following description, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.
Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" as used herein includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings), unless otherwise specified.
In electronic design, there are two types of dc power supply voltage regulators that are often used: namely, DC-to-DC switching mode power supply regulators and linear low dropout regulators, namely, so-called DC-DC power supply regulators and LDO regulators. DC-DC voltage regulators generally consist of an inductor, a diode, a capacitor, a transistor, and a control circuit, and can convert an input DC voltage into a constant DC voltage for output, and are classified into three categories according to their operating principles: a step-up DC-DC regulator, a step-down DC-DC regulator, and a step-up/step-down DC-DC regulator. In these DC-DC regulators, a PWM control circuit is generally provided to adjust an output voltage of the DC-DC regulator by adjusting a PWM signal. The DC-DC voltage stabilizer has the advantages of higher energy conversion efficiency and the defects of higher voltage ripple and switching noise at the output end of a power supply, and is generally used in the occasions insensitive to the voltage ripple and the switching noise, such as digital devices of FPGA, DSP, MCU and the like. The Low Dropout Regulator (LDO) works in a linear range, and has the advantages of good stability, fast load response, small ripple of power output and Low power noise. The disadvantage is that when the voltage difference between the input and the output is large, the energy loss on the LDO is large, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency of the LDO. LDOs are often used in applications that are very sensitive to power supply ripple and noise, such as clocks, ADCs, analog circuits, etc.
The DC-DC voltage stabilizer has the advantages that the output voltage range of the DC-DC voltage stabilizer is adjusted by PWM, although the efficiency is high, the ripple voltage and the switching noise of a power supply are also large, and the DC-DC voltage stabilizer is also realized by a method of performing initial adjustment and fine adjustment on a linear power supply by using a switching power supply, but the power supply matching mode can only generate fixed voltage output, cannot realize continuous adjustment of the output voltage, and has relatively poor flexibility; in order to realize the scheme of adjusting the amplitude of the output power voltage, the low-voltage-drop linear voltage regulator adopts a method of switching by using a resistor matrix, and has more accumulated components and is not flexible to use. The low-voltage-drop linear voltage stabilizer fixes the output of the switching power supply to high voltage for the purpose of adjusting the output voltage of the power supply, and then uses the linear power supply to step down and adjust the output voltage, so that the design of continuously adjustable output range is realized, but the whole design has large power consumption loss on the linear power supply and low energy conversion efficiency. In addition, in the prior art, the accuracy of the output power supply voltage of the DC-DC voltage stabilizer or the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer is not corrected, and the requirements of some application occasions requiring high-accuracy voltage amplitude cannot be met.
In the embodiment of the application, the DC-DC switching power supply and the LDO voltage regulator are combined, the advantages of the two power supplies are combined, and the corresponding PWM modulation technology is used in a matched mode, so that the power supply with relatively high energy conversion efficiency, small output voltage ripple and noise, wide output range and high voltage amplitude precision can be realized.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a block diagram of a structure of a dc regulated power supply circuit in an embodiment is shown, the dc regulated power supply circuit includes an output voltage control circuit 1, a switching power supply circuit 2, and an LDO regulator circuit 3. The dc regulated power supply circuit is used for converting a preset first dc voltage VIN into a second dc voltage VOUT. The output voltage control circuit 1 is respectively connected with the switching power supply circuit 2 and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit 3. The output voltage control circuit 1 is configured to output a PWM control signal and a current regulation signal Imov to the switching power supply circuit 2 and the LDO voltage regulator circuit 3, respectively. The switching power supply circuit 2 is connected with the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit 3, and the switching power supply circuit 2 is used for converting the first direct current VIN into a third direct current Vmid according to the PWM control signal and then outputting the third direct current Vmid, wherein the voltage value of the third direct current Vmid is greater than that of the first direct current VIN. The LDO voltage stabilizing circuit 3 is used for adjusting the voltage value of the third direct current Vmid according to the current adjusting signal Imov so as to obtain the second direct current VOUT. The output voltage control circuit 1 includes an adjustment controller 11 and a digital variable resistance circuit 12, the adjustment controller 11 is configured to output a PWM control signal to the switching power supply circuit 2, the adjustment controller 11 is connected to the digital variable resistance circuit 12, and the adjustment controller 11 is further configured to output an SPI signal to the digital variable resistance circuit 12 through an SPI interface. The digital variable resistance circuit 12 is used for adjusting the resistance value of the digital variable resistance circuit 12 according to the SPI signal to change the current value of the current adjustment signal Imov output to the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit 3.
Referring to fig. 2, a circuit connection diagram of an embodiment of a switching power circuit is shown, the switching power circuit includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal OA1, a third connection terminal OA2, a first integrated circuit U1, a first inductor L1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first resistor R0, a second resistor R1, a third resistor R2, and a first diode D1. The first connection terminal of the switching power supply circuit is used for inputting a first direct current VIN. The second connection OA1 of the switching power supply circuit is connected to the regulating controller for the input of a PWM control signal. And a third connection end OA2 of the switching power supply circuit is connected with the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit and used for outputting a third direct current Vmid. First integrated circuit U1 includes pin VIN, pin CTRL, pin COMP, pin SW, pin FB, and pin GND. The pin VIN is connected to a first connection terminal of the switching power supply circuit. Pin CTRL is connected to second connection OA1 of the switching power supply circuit. Pin GND is grounded. One end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the pin VIN, and the other end is connected to the pin SW. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to pin SW, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the third connection OA 2. One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the pin VIN, and the other end is grounded. The second capacitor C2 is connected in series with the first resistor R0, one end of the series connection is grounded, and the other end of the series connection is connected with a pin COMP. One end of the second resistor R1 is connected to the third connection OA2 of the switching power supply circuit, and the other end is connected to the pin FB. One end of the third resistor R2 is connected to the pin FB, and the other end is grounded. In one embodiment, the first integrated circuit U1 is model number TPS 61170.
Referring to fig. 3, a circuit connection diagram of an embodiment of an LDO regulator includes a first connection end OB1, a second connection end OB2, a third connection end, an integrated circuit U2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, and a resistor R3. The first connection end OB1 of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the switching power supply circuit and used for inputting the third direct current Vmid. The second connection OB2 of the LDO regulator circuit is connected to the digital variable resistor circuit for inputting the current regulation signal Imov. And the third connecting end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is used for outputting the second direct current VOUT. The second integrated circuit U2 includes pin IN, pin EN, pin NC, pin OUT, and pin NR. The pin IN and the pin EN are connected with a first connection OB1 of the LDO voltage regulator circuit. And the pin OUT is connected with a third connecting end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit. Pin NC is grounded. One end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the first connection OB1 of the LDO regulator circuit. One end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to pin NR, and the other end is connected to ground. One end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the third connection end of the LDO voltage regulator circuit. One end of the fourth resistor R3 is connected to the third connection terminal of the LDO voltage regulator circuit, and the other end is connected to the second connection terminal OB2 of the LDO voltage regulator circuit.
Referring to fig. 4, which is a circuit connection diagram of the digital variable resistance circuit according to an embodiment, the digital variable resistance circuit 12 includes a first connection terminal OC1 and a third integrated circuit U3. The first connection end OC1 of the digital variable resistance circuit is connected with the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit and used for outputting a current regulating signal Imov. Third integrated circuit U3 includes SPI interface circuitry, pin VDD, pin HA, pin WA, pin SCLK, pin DIN, and pin CS. The SPI interface circuit is connected to the regulator controller 11 via pin SCLK, pin DIN and pin CS. The pin VDD is used as an input of an operating power supply VCC of the third integrated circuit U3; pin HA and pin WA are connected to a first connection terminal of the digital variable resistance circuit 12. In one embodiment, the conditioning controller 11 includes a first connection OC2 and a fourth integrated circuit U4. The first connection OC2 of the regulator controller 11 is used for connecting to a switching power supply circuit and outputting a PWM control signal.
The fourth integrated circuit U4 includes pin SPI _ SCLK, pin SPI _ DIN, pin SPI _ CS, and pin PWM; pin SPI _ SCLK, pin SPI _ DIN, pin SPI _ CS and the digital variable resistance circuit are connected, and pin PWM is connected to the first connection terminal OC2 of the regulator controller 11. In one embodiment, the first integrated circuit U1 has a model number TPS61170, the second integrated circuit U2 has a model number TPS7A4701, and the third integrated circuit U3 has a model number TPL0202-10 MRTER. In one embodiment, the fourth integrated circuit U4 is model number STM 32.
The input of the power supply of the direct current voltage stabilizing power supply circuit is the first direct current VIN, the first direct current VIN is converted by the DC-DC switching power supply of the switching power supply circuit, and then a third direct current Vmid with relatively large voltage ripple and switching noise is output to the input end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit, and after the third direct current Vmid passes through the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit, a second direct current VOUT with relatively small voltage ripple and relatively low noise can be output. The adjusting controller is a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and adjusts the output voltage Vmid of the switching power supply circuit to a proper voltage value through a PWM control signal. The CPU controls the digital variable resistance circuit to adjust the voltage amplitude value of the second direct current VOUT output by the power supply of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit. The CPU is also responsible for realizing a correction algorithm to realize high-precision voltage amplitude output of the power supply.
In the above embodiment, the CPU is a control center of the dc voltage-stabilized power supply circuit, and has two main functions: the digital resistance element TPL0202-10MRTER is controlled through the SPI bus, and the boost type DC-DC chip TPS61170 is controlled to output a third direct current Vmid through the PWM control signal. The TPS61170 is a Boost DC-DC regulator, and can output a third direct current Vmid higher than the first direct current VIN by boosting an input voltage, that is, Vmid > VIN. The TPS7A4701 is an LDO, an input power supply is a third direct current Vmid, and a power supply with ultralow voltage ripple and ultralow noise is output, so that the LDO meets the requirements of some occasions with high performance application. TPL0202-10MRTER is a digital adjustable resistor controlled by SPI, and the resistance value can be configured through SPI bus.
Referring to FIG. 5, an internal structure diagram of an embodiment of a digital tunable resistor is shown, the type of the digital tunable resistor is TPL0202-10MRTER, and it is assumed that the resistance value of pin HA of the integrated circuit U3 to ground is R ναγ By connecting the internal resistor RL1 and the internal resistor RL2 in series, the number of steps of the output voltage can be increased, and the interval of the step voltage can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of the output voltage.
In one embodiment, the voltage value of the second dc power VOUT may be calculated by equation (1):
VOUT=Vref2×（1+R3/R var ）； （1）
wherein Vref2 is the reference voltage of the TPS7A4701 of the LDO chip, R var Is the resistance of the digital adjustable resistor, in one embodiment, R var The adjustment range of (2) is 0 to 20K Ω. Since the LDO chip has a key indicator of the minimum Voltage drop between the input and the output, i.e. Dropout Voltage, it means that the input Voltage cannot be less than the sum of the output Voltage and the minimum Voltage drop when the requirement of the output Voltage is met, as shown in formula (2):
Vmid≥VOUT+Dropout Voltage； （2）
each LDO chip has a relatively fixed minimum dropout voltage. Therefore, when the LDO chip is selected, the minimum Dropout Voltage is also determined. Assuming that the load current at the output terminal is Io, the current flowing through the LDO is also Io, and the power lost on the LDO is:
P dissipation =Io×(Vmid- VOUT)； (3)
the working efficiency of the whole power supply circuit is as follows:
η= Io×VOUT/（P IN ）； (4)
p in formula (4) IN The input power consumption of the whole circuit, namely the input power consumption of the switching power supply circuit (DC-DC voltage stabilizer).
The input power at the power input end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is as follows:
Pmid= Io×Vmid= P dissipation +Io×VOUT； （5）
since the DC-DC voltage regulator operates with high efficiency, energy loss from the input terminal to the output terminal of the DC-DC voltage regulator is small. Thus, power P lost at the LDO voltage regulator circuit (LDO) dissipation The main reason for reducing the energy conversion efficiency of the whole circuit is how to reduce the power on the LDO, which is an important invention point of the present application. The output voltage of the DC-DC regulator is shown in equation (6):
Vmid=Duty×Vref1×（1+R1/R2）； （6）
wherein, the Duty is the Duty ratio of the PWM wave output by the CPU, and takes 0-100%.
When Duty =100%, the output voltage of the boost DC-DC regulator reaches the maximum. When the value of Duty is smaller than a certain value, the output voltage Vmid of the DC-DC voltage stabilizer cannot be infinitely small, and the Vmid is approximately equal to the input voltage VIN. Vref1 is the reference voltage for the DC-DC regulator. Therefore, in order to ensure the energy conversion efficiency of the whole circuit, the configuration of the Vmid circuit needs to satisfy the requirement of the minimum drop Voltage Dropout Voltage of the LDO, and the formula (7) needs to be satisfied:
Vmid=Duty×Vref1×（1+R1/R2）= VOUT+Dropout Voltage；（7）
in the formula (7), since the output Voltage VOUT and the minimum drop Voltage Dropout Voltage, Vref1, R1, R2 are fixed, the Duty ratio Duty of the PWM wave output from the CPU to the DC-DC regulator can be estimated.
Referring to fig. 6, a graph of the correspondence between the second dc voltage VOUT and the digital adjustable resistance value Rvar in an embodiment is shown, and a curve of the output second dc voltage VOUT and the digital adjustable resistance value Rvar may be fitted by a polynomial equation.
Referring to fig. 7, a flowchart of a method for calibrating a dc regulated power supply circuit in another embodiment is shown to obtain a graph of the second dc voltage VOUT and the resistance Rvar of the digital adjustable resistor. The application also discloses a method for correcting the circuit of the direct current stabilized power supply, which can be used for correcting the second direct current VOUT output by the circuit of the direct current stabilized power supply, and the method comprises the following steps:
The resistance value Rvar of the digital variable resistance circuit is set to be x1, x2, … and xn in sequence, wherein n is an integer larger than 2.
when the resistance values of the digital variable resistance circuit are x1, x2, … and xn, the voltage values y1, y2, … and yn of the second direct current VOUT are acquired in sequence.
And 103, acquiring an output correction curve formula.
And obtaining an output correction curve formula according to (x 1, y 1), (x 2, y 2), … and (xn, yn).
And when the preset voltage value of the output second direct current VOUT is yp, acquiring the resistance value xp of the digital variable resistance circuit according to an output correction curve formula.
In one embodiment, the correction method further comprises:
and 105, acquiring an output correction curve formula again.
And when the PWM control signals are changed, re-acquiring an output correction curve formula, wherein each PWM control signal corresponds to one correction curve formula, and the space-to-space ratio of each PWM control signal is different.
In one embodiment, the correction method further comprises:
and step 106, acquiring a conversion correction curve formula.
Setting the duty ratios of the PWM control signals as a1, a2, … and am in sequence, wherein m is an integer greater than 2;
when the duty ratio of the PWM control signal is a1, a2, … and am, sequentially acquiring voltage values b1, b2, … and bm of a third direct current Vmid;
obtaining a conversion correction curve formula according to (a 1, b 1), (a 2, b 2), …, (am, bm);
in step 107, a PWM control signal is set.
And setting the duty ratio of the PWM control signal according to a conversion correction curve formula.
In one embodiment, the output calibration curve formula is a nonlinear relation formula. In one embodiment, the conversion calibration curve formula is a linear relation formula.
The above correction method is described below by a specific embodiment:
firstly, the voltage value of the second direct current VOUT is measured through the digital multimeter, and in the process of correcting the direct current stabilized power supply circuit, appropriate values are taken on the digital adjustable resistor according to curves of the second direct current VOUT and the resistance value Rvar of the digital adjustable resistor shown in fig. 6, and limited point correction points x1, x2, … and xn can be taken. For each xn value, the value of the second direct current VOUT tested by the multimeter is yn. The polynomial fitting method is adopted to perform polynomial fitting for a limited number (x 1, y 1), (x 2, y 2), …, (xn, yn). In one embodiment, higher accuracy is achieved when the highest order of the polynomial is taken to 5. Referring to fig. 8, a schematic diagram of a fitting of an output calibration curve in an embodiment is shown, in which a fitting formula (8) of the output calibration curve is:
y=-1E -12 x 5 +2E -9 x 4 -2E -6 x 3 +0.0006x 2 -0.1496x+32.502； （8）
the output voltage Vmid of the DC-DC circuit and the Duty ratio Duty of the PWM control signal are corrected, and as can be seen from equation (7), the output voltage Vmid of the DC-DC circuit and the Duty ratio of the PWM wave have a linear relationship. In the correction, the Duty ratio Duty _ x values of a limited number of PWM waves can be taken, each Vmid _ x is tested according to each Duty ratio Duty _ x, and linear fitting is carried out to obtain the relation Vmid _ x of the output voltage Vmid _ x and Duty _ x.
Referring to fig. 9, a linear fitting diagram of the DC-DC output Duty _ x in an embodiment, i.e. a linear fitting diagram of the conversion correction curve formula, in an embodiment, a linear relation formula (9) between the output voltage Vmid of the DC-DC and the Duty ratio of the PWM control signal is:
Vmid=k×x+b； （9）
in one embodiment, k =0.3298 and b = 0.0804.
In one embodiment, in the using process of the user, after the user determines the output voltage VOUT, VOUT is substituted into y in equation (8) to solve the value of x, which is the value of the digital adjustable resistor Rvar. In practical application, the CPU is relatively difficult to solve the polynomial equation, and in the equation of equation (8), the value x cannot be easily solved according to the value y.
In one embodiment, an improved method is disclosed, which specifically includes:
the output voltage value VOUT of the power supply is calculated from the fitted polynomial, i.e., equation (8), by traversing each of the values of the digitally adjustable resistors Rvar, forming an index table (VOUT, Rvar) which is stored. In the index table of (VOUT, Rvar), after the user configures the output voltage value VOUT, the CPU configures the resistance value Rvar of the corresponding digital adjustable resistor according to the index table. The circuit can generate the output voltage VOUT required by the user.
According to the above, the work flow of the dc regulated power supply circuit is that after the LDO regulated voltage regulator circuit is calibrated, the CPU calculates or indexes the resistance Rvar of the corresponding digital adjustable resistor according to the output voltage value configured by the user, and then configures the resistance Rvar into the circuit. After the appropriate PWM Duty ratio Duty is calculated according to the formula (9) and configured in the DC-DC circuit, the power supply which is required by a user and has high precision, low voltage ripple, low noise, high energy conversion efficiency and capability of dynamically adjusting the amplitude of the output voltage can be realized.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, since the TPS61170 is a boost DC-DC regulator, the circuit is suitable for the case where VOUT is greater than or equal to VIN, and the whole circuit can achieve higher energy efficiency. If the situation that VOUT is less than VIN is needed, the DC-DC chip can be replaced by a step-down DC-DC voltage stabilizer in order to realize higher energy conversion efficiency of the whole circuit. When VOUT can be larger or smaller than VIN, the DC-DC circuit may be replaced with a step-up/step-down DC-DC regulator. The whole direct current stabilized voltage supply circuit realizes a design method which has higher energy conversion efficiency, low voltage ripple and low noise, high output voltage amplitude precision and can dynamically adjust the output voltage amplitude. The direct-current stabilized voltage supply circuit is simple in design and easy to realize, the output voltage amplitude of the power supply can be dynamically adjusted in a wide range, the energy conversion efficiency of the whole circuit is high, the voltage ripple and the power noise of the power supply are low, and the accuracy of the output voltage amplitude is high. The polynomial is adopted to carry out fitting to obtain an output correction curve formula, so that the correction time is shortened, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the use experience of a user is improved.
In the embodiment of the application, a direct current stabilized power supply circuit and a correction method of the direct current stabilized power supply circuit are disclosed. The output voltage control circuit is used for respectively outputting a PWM control signal and a current regulation signal Imov to the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit. The switching power supply circuit is used for converting the first direct current VIN into a third direct current Vmid according to the PWM control signal, and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is used for adjusting the voltage value of the third direct current Vmid according to the current adjusting signal Imov so as to obtain a second direct current VOUT. Due to the combination of the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit, the advantages of the two power supplies are combined, and the corresponding PWM modulation technology is used in a matched mode, so that the power supply with relatively high energy conversion efficiency, small output voltage ripple and noise, wide-range output and high voltage amplitude precision can be realized.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid in understanding the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A direct current stabilized power supply circuit is characterized by comprising an output voltage control circuit, a switching power supply circuit and an LDO stabilized voltage circuit; the direct current stabilized power supply circuit is used for converting a preset first direct current VIN into a second direct current VOUT;
the output voltage control circuit is respectively connected with the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit; the output voltage control circuit is used for respectively outputting a PWM control signal and a current regulation signal Imov to the switching power supply circuit and the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit;
the switching power supply circuit is connected with the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit; the switching power supply circuit is used for converting the first direct current VIN into a third direct current Vmid according to the PWM control signal and then outputting the third direct current Vmid, wherein the voltage value of the third direct current Vmid is greater than that of the first direct current VIN;
the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is used for adjusting the voltage value of the third direct current Vmid according to the current adjusting signal Imov so as to obtain the second direct current VOUT;
the output voltage control circuit comprises an adjusting controller and a digital variable resistance circuit; the regulating controller is used for outputting a PWM control signal to the switching power supply circuit; the adjusting controller is connected with the digital variable resistance circuit and is also used for outputting an SPI signal to the digital variable resistance circuit through an SPI interface;
the digital variable resistance circuit is used for adjusting the resistance value of the digital variable resistance circuit according to the SPI signal so as to change the current value of the current adjusting signal Imov output to the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit.
2. The regulated dc power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein the switching power supply circuit comprises a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal OA1, a third connection terminal OA2, a first integrated circuit U1, a first inductor L1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first resistor R0, a second resistor R1, a third resistor R2, and a first diode D1;
the first connection end of the switching power supply circuit is used for inputting the first direct current VIN;
a second connection OA1 of the switching power supply circuit is connected to the regulating controller for the input of a PWM control signal;
a third connection end OA2 of the switching power supply circuit is connected with the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit and used for outputting a third direct current Vmid;
the first integrated circuit U1 comprises a pin VIN, a pin CTRL, a pin COMP, a pin SW, a pin FB and a pin GND; the pin VIN is connected with a first connecting end of the switching power supply circuit; pin CTRL is connected to second connection OA1 of the switching power supply circuit; the pin GND is grounded;
one end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the pin VIN, and the other end is connected to the pin SW;
the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the pin SW, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the third connection OA 2;
one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the pin VIN, and the other end is grounded;
the second capacitor C2 is connected in series with the first resistor R0, one end of the series connection is grounded, and the other end of the series connection is connected with a pin COMP;
one end of a second resistor R1 is connected with a third connection end OA2 of the switch power supply circuit, and the other end is connected with a pin FB;
one end of the third resistor R2 is connected to the pin FB, and the other end is grounded.
3. The regulated dc power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein the LDO regulation circuit comprises a first connection OB1, a second connection OB2, a third connection, a second integrated circuit U2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, and a fourth resistor R3;
a first connection end OB1 of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the switching power supply circuit and is used for inputting the third direct current Vmid;
a second connection end OB2 of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the digital variable resistor circuit and is used for inputting the current regulating signal Imov;
the third connecting end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit is used for outputting the second direct current VOUT;
the second integrated circuit U2 includes pin IN, pin EN, pin NC, pin OUT, and pin NR; the pin IN and the pin EN are connected with a first connection end OB1 of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit; the pin OUT is connected with a third connecting end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit; the pin NC is grounded;
one end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, and the other end is connected with a first connection end OB1 of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit;
one end of a fourth capacitor C4 is connected with the pin NR, and the other end is grounded;
one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected with the third connecting end of the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit;
one end of the fourth resistor R3 is connected to the third connection terminal of the LDO voltage regulator circuit, and the other end is connected to the second connection terminal OB2 of the LDO voltage regulator circuit.
4. The regulated dc power supply circuit of claim 1 wherein the digital variable resistance circuit includes a first connection OC1 and a third integrated circuit U3;
the first connection end OC1 of the digital variable resistor circuit is connected with the LDO voltage stabilizing circuit and is used for outputting the current regulating signal Imov;
the third integrated circuit U3 comprises an SPI interface circuit, a pin VDD, a pin HA, a pin WA, a pin SCLK, a pin DIN and a pin CS;
the SPI interface circuit is connected with the adjusting controller through a pin SCLK, a pin DIN and a pin CS; the pin VDD is used as an input of an operating power supply VCC of the third integrated circuit U3; pin HA and pin WA are connected to a first connection terminal of the digital variable resistance circuit.
5. The regulated dc power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein the regulation controller comprises a first connection OC2 and a fourth integrated circuit U4;
the first connection end OC2 of the regulation controller is used for being connected with the switching power supply circuit and outputting the PWM control signal;
the fourth integrated circuit U4 comprises a pin SPI _ SCLK, a pin SPI _ DIN, a pin SPI _ CS and a pin PWM; the pin SPI _ SCLK, the pin SPI _ DIN, the pin SPI _ CS and the digital variable resistor circuit are connected, and the pin PWM is connected with the first connection end OC2 of the regulating controller.
6. A regulated DC power supply circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 5 wherein the first integrated circuit U1 is of the type TPS 61170; the model number of the second integrated circuit U2 is TPS7A 4701; the model of the third integrated circuit U3 is TPL0202-10 MRTER; and/or the fourth integrated circuit U4 is model number STM 32.
7. A method for correcting a second dc voltage VOUT output from a dc stabilized power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
sequentially setting the resistance values of the digital variable resistance circuit as x1, x2, … and xn, wherein n is an integer greater than 2;
when the resistance values of the digital variable resistance circuit are x1, x2, … and xn, the voltage values y1, y2, … and yn of the second direct current VOUT are acquired in sequence;
obtaining an output correction curve formula according to (x 1, y 1), (x 2, y 2), … and (xn, yn);
and when the preset output voltage value of the second direct current VOUT is yp, acquiring the resistance value xp of the digital variable resistance circuit according to the output correction curve formula.
8. The correction method according to claim 7, further comprising:
when the PWM control signal changes, the output correction curve formula is obtained again; wherein, each PWM control signal corresponds to one correction curve formula.
9. The correction method according to claim 8, further comprising:
setting the duty ratios of the PWM control signals as a1, a2, … and am in sequence, wherein m is an integer greater than 2;
when the duty ratio of the PWM control signal is a1, a2, … and am, sequentially acquiring voltage values b1, b2, … and bm of the third direct current Vmid;
obtaining a conversion correction curve formula according to (a 1, b 1), (a 2, b 2), …, (am, bm);
and setting the duty ratio of the PWM control signal according to the conversion correction curve formula.
10. The correction method of claim 9, wherein the output correction curve formula is a non-linear relationship formula; the conversion correction curve formula is a linear relation formula.
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