CN114976614B - Huygens small electric antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication - Google Patents
Huygens small electric antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN114976614B CN114976614B CN202210581466.XA CN202210581466A CN114976614B CN 114976614 B CN114976614 B CN 114976614B CN 202210581466 A CN202210581466 A CN 202210581466A CN 114976614 B CN114976614 B CN 114976614B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a Huygens small electric antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication, which solves the problem of antenna requirements of electronic equipment in the prior art. The invention comprises two layers of dielectric substrates; and a resonant ring rectifying antenna, an electric dipole communication antenna, a feeder line and an isolation microstrip which are attached to the dielectric substrate. The invention realizes low-profile electric small Huygens antenna, has good impedance matching characteristic, good radiation characteristic and good directivity; the resonant ring antenna is connected with the rectifying circuit to form a rectifying antenna, and the rectifying efficiency of the rectifying antenna is 76.5%; the antenna integral structure has the advantages of multifunction, miniaturization, low profile, easy manufacture and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a Huygens small electric antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication.
Background
Along with the proposal of concepts such as wireless sensors and the internet of things, the demands of people on wireless devices are more and more urgent, and the wireless devices have unique advantages, such as normal operation in an environment without power supply and no worry about accidents caused by electrical connection in a humid environment. Thus, wireless electronic devices are an important development direction and development trend, and three problems are generally needed to be overcome in implementing wireless electronic devices: firstly, energy sources are used for guaranteeing normal operation of equipment; and secondly, communication realizes information exchange among devices, thirdly, miniaturization and low profile are convenient for installation and use of electronic devices.
Three problems to be overcome in the wireless of electronic devices are closely related to antennas, and rectenna can convert electromagnetic energy in the environment into direct current energy for the devices. The communication antenna is used for realizing the transmission and the reception of communication signals and finishing the information interaction of equipment. The miniaturization and the multifunction of the antenna size are conducive to the realization of miniaturization of electronic equipment. The conventional antenna has the disadvantages of high section, complex structure, single function and large size, and can not meet the requirements of future electronic equipment on the antenna.
There is a need for a new wireless electronic device that solves the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a Huygens small electric antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication, which solves the problem of antenna requirements of electronic equipment in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a Huygens small electric antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication simultaneously comprises two layers of dielectric substrates which are tightly attached together; a resonant ring rectifying antenna attached to the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate; an electric dipole communication antenna and a feeder line thereof, wherein the electric dipole communication antenna is attached to the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate; and the isolation microstrip is attached to the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate.
Optionally, the resonant ring rectenna includes a resonant ring antenna and a rectifying circuit; the resonant ring antenna comprises two symmetrical split rings, and a gap is arranged between the two split rings; the rectifying circuit is arranged in one of the split rings.
Optionally, two split rings in the resonant ring antenna are rectangular structures; the opening position is the center position of the adjacent edges of the two rings, the opening length is 0.5-2mm, and the distance between the opening position and the opening position is 0.5-1.5 mm; comb structures are arranged at two ends, and the length of each comb structure is 2-6mm; the long side of the split ring is 1-1.5 times of the short side of the split ring; the width of the long side, the short side and the side of the opening ring are all not more than 3mm, the length of the long side is more than 8mm, and the size of the short side is more than 6mm.
Optionally, the rectifying circuit loads a rectifying diode, a filter capacitor and a load on a pair of parallel microstrip lines in a welding manner; the rectifier diode is welded at the starting end of the parallel microstrip line, the filter capacitor and the direct current load are both welded at the latter half part of the parallel microstrip line, and the width and the interval of the parallel microstrip line are both about 1mm.
Optionally, the electric dipole communication antenna is an electric dipole communication antenna with a bent tail end, and a feeder line is arranged on the same plane of the electric dipole communication antenna; the feed line extends from a central location of the electric dipole to an edge of the dielectric substrate.
Specifically, the length of the electric dipole communication antenna is 28-32mm, and the width is 1-2mm; the tail end of the electric dipole communication antenna is symmetrically bent towards two sides in a circular arc mode, the bending radius is 8-12mm, the bending angle is 60-100 degrees, and the width of the circular arc is 1-4mm.
Preferably, the feeder lines are a pair of parallel microstrip lines, the width is 1-2mm, the interval is 0.4-1.5mm, the feeder line 2-4mm away from the edge of the dielectric substrate is in a comb-shaped structure, and the length of the comb-shaped structure is 5-12mm.
Specifically, the isolation microstrip is parallel to a feeder line of the electric dipole communication antenna and is positioned right above the feeder line, and the isolation microstrip extends from one side of the dielectric substrate to the other side; the isolation microstrip consists of a row of rectangular microstrip pieces, wherein the length of each rectangular microstrip piece is 1 mm-6 mm, the width of each rectangular microstrip piece is 0.3-3 mm, and the interval of each rectangular microstrip piece is 0.5-2mm.
Preferably, both dielectric substrates are uniform in size and thickness, 26mm to 32mm in length, 20mm to 28mm in width, and 0.5 to 2mm in thickness.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects: .
1) When the two antennas of the electric dipole communication antenna and the resonant ring antenna are excited in the same phase with the same amplitude, the electric small Huygens antenna with a low section can be realized, the electric dimension ka=0.99 of the antenna, and the section height is only 2.6 percent lambda 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The antenna has good impedance matching characteristic and good radiation characteristic, the peak value can realize gain of 4.45dBi, the front-to-back ratio is more than 23dB, the radiation efficiency is 97%, and the directivity is good;
2) The resonant loop antenna is connected with the rectifying circuit to form a rectifying antenna, and when 0dBm is input, the rectifying efficiency of the rectifying antenna is 76.5%;
3) The whole structure of the Huygens small electric antenna has the advantages of multifunction, miniaturization, low profile, easy manufacture and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a layered view of the overall structure of a Huygens electrical small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the overall structure of a Huygens electrical small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a resonant ring rectenna of a Huygens electrical small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communications in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an electric dipole communication antenna in a Huygens electro-small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of an isolated microstrip in a Huygens electrical small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of S-parameters of an electric dipole communication antenna and a resonant loop antenna in a Huygens electro-small antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication simultaneously when excited in phase with equal amplitude;
FIG. 7 is a radiation field pattern of E-plane and H-plane when the electric dipole communication antenna and the resonant loop antenna are excited in the same phase with equal amplitude in the Huygens electro-small antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication;
FIG. 8 is a radiation field pattern of E-plane and H-plane when an electric dipole communication antenna in a Huygens electro-small antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication of the present invention is excited alone;
FIG. 9 is a radiation field pattern of the E-plane and H-plane of a huyghen electrical small antenna for wireless energy transfer and wireless communication of the present invention when the resonant loop antenna is excited alone;
FIG. 10 is a graph of conversion efficiency of a resonant loop rectenna in a Huygens electrical small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communications in accordance with the present invention;
in the figure: 1-an upper dielectric substrate; 2-a lower dielectric substrate 2; a 3-resonant loop antenna; 4-breach; 5-comb structure 1; a 6-rectifying circuit; 7-isolating microstrip; 8-electric dipole communication antenna; 9-arc segments; 10-feeder lines; 11-vanity structure 2.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a Huygience small electric antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the Huygience small electric antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication, which comprises two layers of dielectric substrates which are closely attached together, according to an exemplary embodiment; a resonant ring rectenna attached to the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1; an electric dipole communication antenna 8 and a feeder line 10 attached to the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 2; and an isolation microstrip 7 attached to the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the resonant ring rectenna includes a resonant ring antenna 3 and a rectifying circuit 6; the resonant ring antenna 3 comprises two symmetrical split rings, and a gap is arranged between the two split rings; the rectifying circuit 6 is provided in one of the split rings. Two split rings in the resonant ring antenna 3 are rectangular structures; the opening position is the central position of two ring adjacent sides, the opening length is 0.5-2mm, the distance between the opening position and the opening position is 0.5-1.5mm, the width of the long side, the short side and the side where the opening ring is positioned is not more than 3mm, the length of the long side is more than 8mm, and the length of the short side is more than 6mm. Comb structures 15 are arranged at two ends, and the length of each comb structure 15 is 4.01mm; the long side of the split ring is 1.22 times of the short side of the split ring, the line widths of the long side and the short side are 1.8mm and 1.35mm respectively, the width of the side where the split ring is positioned is 0.8mm, the length of the long side is 13.3mm, and the length of the short side is 11.1mm.
Optionally, the rectifying circuit 6 adopts balanced feeding, and the rectifying diode, the filter capacitor and the load are loaded on a pair of parallel microstrip lines in a welding mode to convert microwave energy into direct current energy; the rectifier diode is welded at the starting end of the parallel microstrip line, the filter capacitor and the direct current load are both welded at the latter half part of the parallel microstrip line, and the width and the interval of the parallel microstrip line are both about 1mm. The rectifier diode is selected as an HSMS286B Schottky diode, the rectifier diode is welded in the split ring, the filter capacitor is selected as a village Tian Dianrong, the model is GCM2165C2A101JA16, the distance from the rectifier diode is 9.5mm, and the direct current load distance from the rectifier diode is 10.05mm.
As shown in fig. 4, the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is an electric dipole communication antenna 8 with a bent end, so as to reduce the size of the electric dipole communication antenna 8, and a feeder 10 is disposed on the same plane of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 to excite the electric dipole communication antenna 8; the feed line 10 extends from the center position of the electric dipole to the edge of the dielectric substrate. The length of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is 28-32mm, and the width is 1-2mm; the tail end of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is symmetrically bent towards two sides in a circular arc mode, the bending radius is 8-12mm, the bending angle is 60-100 degrees, and the width of the circular arc is 1-4mm. The feeder lines 10 are a pair of parallel microstrip lines, the width is 1-2mm, the interval is 0.4-1.5mm, the feeder lines 10 which are 2-4mm away from the edge of the medium substrate are comb structures 2 11, and the length of the comb structures 2 is 5-12mm. Preferably, the electric dipole has a length of 30mm and a width of 1.28mm; the electric dipole ends are symmetrically bent towards two sides in the form of an arc, the bending radius is 10.22mm, the bending angle is 88.9 degrees, and the width of the arc is 2.74mm. The width of the parallel microstrip feed lines 10 is 1.5mm, the spacing is 0.5mm, the comb-shaped structure 2 11 is added at the feed line 10 which is 3mm away from the edge, and the length of the comb-shaped structure 2 is 9.41mm.
As shown in fig. 5, the isolation microstrip 7 is parallel to the feeder line 10 of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 and is located right above the feeder line 10, and the isolation microstrip 7 extends from one side of the dielectric substrate to the other side; the isolation microstrip 7 is composed of a row of rectangular microstrip pieces, the length of each rectangular microstrip piece is 1 mm-6 mm, the width of each rectangular microstrip piece is 0.3-3 mm, and the interval of each rectangular microstrip piece is 0.5-2mm. Preferably, the length of the rectangular microstrip piece in the isolation microstrip 7 is 4.5mm, the width is 2.25mm, and the interval is 0.75mm.
Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2, both dielectric substrates are uniform in size and thickness, 26mm to 32mm in length, 20mm to 28mm in width, and 0.5 to 2mm in thickness. Optionally, the length of the dielectric substrate is 30mm, and the width is 24mm. The dielectric substrate 2 may be made of The Rogers Duroid 5880, i.e. rogers 5880, and has a relative permittivity of 2.2, a relative permeability of 1.0, and a loss tangent of 0.0009.
Preferably, after initial design, high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software HFSS is used for simulation analysis, and the dimensions of various parameters are obtained after simulation optimization as shown in the following table:
table 1 table of optimum dimensions for various parameters of the present disclosure
According to the above parameters, the reflection coefficient |s11| characteristic parameters of the designed end-fire low profile huyghen source antenna applied to the wireless power transmission system are simulated and analyzed by using HFSS, and the analysis results are as follows:
fig. 6 is a graph of S parameter versus frequency obtained by simulation when the resonant loop antenna 3 and the electric dipole communication antenna 8 are excited in the same phase with equal amplitude in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the resonance frequency points of the resonance loop antenna 3 and the electric dipole communication antenna 8 are 2.45GHz, the reflection loss values are-16.2 dB and-21.7 dB respectively, the-10 dB bandwidths are 15MHz and 48MHz respectively, and the isolation of the two antennas is more than 25dB;
fig. 7 is a diagram of the E-plane and the H-plane at the resonance frequency point of 2.45GHz when the resonant loop antenna 3 and the electric dipole communication antenna 8 are excited in phase with each other with equal amplitude. As can be seen from fig. 7, the antenna has a radiation direction toward directly above the antenna on both the E-plane and the H-plane; at the resonance frequency point, the maximum gain value of the antenna is 4.45dBi, the front-to-back ratio is more than 23dB, and the radiation efficiency is 97%; the antenna has good radiation performance, low profile and compact structure.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of the E-plane and the H-plane at the resonance frequency point 2.45GHz when the resonant loop antenna 3 is excited alone, and as can be seen from fig. 8, it can be approximately equivalent to a diagram of a magnetic dipole antenna perpendicular to the plane of the resonant loop antenna 3.
Fig. 9 is a diagram of the E-plane and the H-plane at the resonance frequency point 2.45GHz when the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is excited alone, and as can be seen from fig. 9, it approximates to a diagram of an ideal electric dipole communication antenna 8.
Fig. 10 shows the change of the conversion efficiency of the rectenna with the dc load at the resonance frequency point of 2.45GHz and the input power of 0 dBm.
Of course, a person skilled in the art shall make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention without departing from the spirit and the essence of the invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A huyghen electrical small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication, characterized by: comprises two layers of dielectric substrates which are tightly attached together;
a resonant ring rectifying antenna attached to the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate;
an electric dipole communication antenna and a feeder line thereof, wherein the electric dipole communication antenna is attached to the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate;
an isolation microstrip attached to the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate;
the resonant ring rectifying antenna comprises a resonant ring antenna and a rectifying circuit; the resonant ring antenna comprises two symmetrical split rings, and a gap is arranged between the two split rings; the rectifying circuit is arranged in one of the split rings;
two split rings in the resonant ring antenna are of rectangular structures;
the opening position is the center position of the adjacent edges of the two rings, the opening length is 0.5-2mm, and the distance between the opening position and the opening position is 0.5-1.5 mm;
comb structures are arranged at two ends, and the length of each comb structure is 2-6mm;
the long side of the split ring is 1-1.5 times of the short side of the split ring;
the widths of the long side, the short side and the side of the opening ring are not more than 3mm, the length of the long side is more than 8mm, and the size of the short side is more than 6mm;
the rectifying circuit loads a rectifying diode, a filter capacitor and a load on a pair of parallel microstrip lines in a welding mode; the rectifier diode is welded at the starting end of the parallel microstrip line, the filter capacitor and the direct current load are welded at the rear half part of the parallel microstrip line, and the width and the interval of the parallel microstrip line are 1mm;
the electric dipole communication antenna is an electric dipole communication antenna with a bent tail end, and a feeder line is arranged on the same plane of the electric dipole communication antenna; the feeder line extends from the central position of the electric dipole to the edge of the dielectric substrate;
the length of the electric dipole communication antenna is 28-32mm, and the width is 1-2mm; the tail end of the electric dipole communication antenna is symmetrically bent towards two sides in a circular arc mode, the bending radius is 8-12mm, the bending angle is 60-100 degrees, and the width of the circular arc is 1-4mm;
the isolation microstrip is parallel to the feeder line of the electric dipole communication antenna and is positioned right above the feeder line, and extends from one side of the dielectric substrate to the other side; the isolation microstrip consists of a row of rectangular microstrip pieces, wherein the length of each rectangular microstrip piece is 1mm to 6mm, the width of each rectangular microstrip piece is 0.3mm to 3mm, and the interval is 0.5-2mm.
2. A huygience electrically small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication according to claim 1, wherein: the feeder lines are a pair of parallel microstrip lines, the width is 1-2mm, the distance is 0.4-1.5mm, the feeder line 2-4mm away from the edge of the medium substrate is in a comb-shaped structure, and the length of the comb-shaped structure is 5-12mm.
3. A huygience electrically small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication according to claim 2, wherein: the two layers of medium substrates are consistent in size and thickness, the length is 26mm to 32mm, the width is 20mm to 28mm, and the thickness is 0.5mm to 2mm.
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