CN114976614A - Huygens element electric small antenna simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication - Google Patents
Huygens element electric small antenna simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN114976614A CN114976614A CN202210581466.XA CN202210581466A CN114976614A CN 114976614 A CN114976614 A CN 114976614A CN 202210581466 A CN202210581466 A CN 202210581466A CN 114976614 A CN114976614 A CN 114976614A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a small Huygens element electric antenna simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication, and solves the problem that electronic equipment in the prior art requires for the antenna. The invention comprises two layers of dielectric substrates; and a resonant ring rectification antenna, an electric dipole communication antenna, a feeder line and an isolation microstrip which are attached to the dielectric substrate. The invention realizes the low-profile electrically small Huygens element antenna, has good impedance matching characteristic, good radiation characteristic and good directionality; the resonant loop antenna is connected with the rectifying circuit to form a rectifying antenna, and the rectifying efficiency of the rectifying antenna is 76.5%; the whole structure of the antenna has the advantages of multifunction, miniaturization, low profile, easy manufacture and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a small Huygens element electric antenna which is used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication simultaneously.
Background
With the introduction of concepts such as wireless sensors and internet of things, the demand of people on wireless equipment is more and more urgent, and the wireless equipment has unique advantages, such as normal work in an environment without power supply and no worry about accidents caused by electrical connection in a humid environment. Thus, wireless electronic devices are an important development direction and trend, and three problems need to be overcome to realize wireless electronic devices: firstly, energy sources ensure normal work of equipment; and secondly, communication is realized, information exchange is realized between the devices, and thirdly, the miniaturization and the low profile are convenient for the installation and the use of the electronic devices.
Three problems that need to be overcome in the wireless implementation of electronic devices are closely related to antennas, which can convert electromagnetic energy in the environment into direct current (dc) power for the devices. The communication antenna is used for realizing the transmission and the reception of communication signals and finishing the information interaction of the equipment. The miniaturization and multifunction of the antenna size contribute to the miniaturization of electronic devices. The conventional antenna has the advantages of high profile, complex structure, single function and large size, and can not meet the requirements of future electronic equipment on the antenna.
A new type of wireless electronic device that can solve the above-mentioned problems is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a small Huygens element electric antenna simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication, and solves the problem that electronic equipment in the prior art requires the antenna.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a Huygens element small antenna simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication comprises two layers of medium substrates which are clung together; the resonant loop rectifying antenna is attached to the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate; the electric dipole communication antenna and the feeder thereof are attached to the lower surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate; and the isolation microstrip is attached to the lower surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate.
Optionally, the resonant loop rectenna comprises a resonant loop antenna and a rectifying circuit; the resonant loop antenna comprises two symmetrical split rings, and a gap is formed between the two split rings; the rectifying circuit is disposed in one of the open rings.
Optionally, two split rings in the resonant ring antenna are in a rectangular structure; the opening position is the central position of the adjacent edges of the two rings, the opening length is 0.5-2mm, and the position is 0.5-1.5mm away from the opening; two ends of the comb-shaped structure are provided with comb-shaped structures, and the length of each comb-shaped structure is 2-6 mm; the long side of the split ring is 1-1.5 times of the short side; the width on long limit, minor face and split ring place limit all does not exceed 3mm, and the length on long limit is greater than 8mm, and the minor face size is greater than 6 mm.
Optionally, the rectifier circuit loads a rectifier diode, a filter capacitor and a load by welding on a pair of parallel microstrip lines; the rectifying diode is welded at the starting end of the parallel microstrip line, the filter capacitor and the direct-current load are both welded at the rear half part of the parallel microstrip line, and the width and the distance between the parallel microstrip line and the direct-current load are both about 1 mm.
Optionally, the electric dipole communication antenna is an electric dipole communication antenna with a bent end, and the feeder line is placed on the same plane of the electric dipole communication antenna; the feed line extends from the center of the electric dipole to the edge of the dielectric substrate.
Specifically, the length of the electric dipole communication antenna is 28-32mm, and the width of the electric dipole communication antenna is 1-2 mm; the tail end of the electric dipole communication antenna is symmetrically bent towards two sides in an arc form, the bending radius is 8-12mm, the bending angle is 60-100 degrees, and the width of the arc is 1-4 mm.
Preferably, the feeder line is a pair of parallel microstrip lines, the width of the microstrip line is 1-2mm, the distance between the microstrip lines is 0.4-1.5mm, the feeder line position 2-4mm away from the edge of the dielectric substrate is a comb-shaped structure, and the length of the comb-shaped structure is 5-12 mm.
Specifically, the isolation microstrip is parallel to a feeder line of the electric dipole communication antenna and is located right above the feeder line, and the isolation microstrip extends from one side of the dielectric substrate to the other side; the isolation microstrip consists of a row of rectangular microstrip pieces, the length of each rectangular microstrip piece is 1mm to 6mm, the width of each rectangular microstrip piece is 0.3mm to 3mm, and the distance between the rectangular microstrip pieces is 0.5mm to 2 mm.
Preferably, the two dielectric substrates are consistent in size and thickness, and have a length of 26 mm to 32mm, a width of 20 mm to 28mm, and a thickness of 0.5mm to 2 mm.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects: .
1) When the two antennas of the electric dipole communication antenna and the resonant loop antenna are excited with equal amplitude and same phase, the low-profile electrically small Huygens element antenna can be realized, the electrical size ka of the antenna is 0.99, and the profile height is only 2.6 percent lambda 0 (ii) a The antenna has good impedance matching characteristic and radiation characteristic, the peak value can realize gain of 4.45dBi, the front-to-back ratio is greater than 23dB, and radiation is realizedThe efficiency is 97%, and the directionality is good;
2) the resonant loop antenna is connected with the rectifying circuit to form a rectifying antenna, and when 0dBm is input, the rectifying efficiency of the rectifying antenna is 76.5%;
3) the whole structure of the Huygens element small antenna has the advantages of multifunction, miniaturization, low section, easy manufacture and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a layered view of the overall structure of a Huygens element small antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the overall structure of the small Huygens element antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a rectenna resonant ring in a small Huygens element antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an electric dipole communication antenna in the huygens element electric small antenna for both wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of an isolation microstrip in the small Huygens element antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of S-parameters when an electric dipole communication antenna and a resonant loop antenna in a Huygens element electric small antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication are excited in equal amplitude and in phase according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a radiation field pattern of E-plane and H-plane when the electric dipole communication antenna and the resonant loop antenna in the huygens element electric small antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication are excited in equal amplitude and in phase according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the E-plane, H-plane radiation field pattern when the electric dipole communication antenna of the huygens element electric small antenna is excited alone for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is the E-plane, H-plane radiation field pattern of the Wheatstone element small antenna of the present invention when the resonant loop antenna is excited alone for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the conversion efficiency of a rectenna resonant loop in a small Huygens element antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication in accordance with the present invention;
in the figure: 1-an upper dielectric substrate; 2-lower dielectric substrate 2; 3-a resonant loop antenna; 4-cracking; 5-comb structure 1; 6-a rectifying circuit; 7-isolation microstrip; 8-an electric dipole communication antenna; 9-arc section; 10-a feeder; 11-toilet structure 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a huygens element electric small antenna used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication simultaneously, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a huygens element electric small antenna used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication simultaneously according to an exemplary embodiment, and the huygens element electric small antenna comprises two layers of dielectric substrates which are tightly attached together; the resonant loop rectifying antenna is attached to the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate 1; an electric dipole communication antenna 8 and a feeder line 10 thereof are attached to the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 2; and the isolation microstrip 7 is attached to the lower surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the resonant loop rectenna includes a resonant loop antenna 3 and a rectifying circuit 6; the resonant loop antenna 3 comprises two symmetrical open loops, and a gap is arranged between the two open loops; the rectifying circuit 6 is arranged in one of the open rings. Two open rings in the resonant loop antenna 3 are in a rectangular structure; the opening position is the central position of the adjacent sides of the two rings, the opening length is 0.5-2mm, the distance from the opening is 0.5-1.5mm, the width of the long side, the short side and the side where the split ring is located does not exceed 3mm, the length of the long side is greater than 8mm, and the length of the short side is greater than 6 mm. Comb-shaped structures 15 are arranged at two ends, and the length of each comb-shaped structure 15 is 4.01 mm; the long side of the split ring is 1.22 times of the short side of the split ring, the line widths of the long side and the short side are 1.8mm and 1.35mm respectively, the width of the side where the split ring is located is 0.8mm, the length of the long side is 13.3mm, and the length of the short side is 11.1 mm.
Optionally, the rectifier circuit 6 adopts balanced feed, and a rectifier diode, a filter capacitor and a load are loaded on a pair of parallel microstrip lines in a welding manner, so that the microwave energy is converted into direct current energy; the rectifying diode is welded at the starting end of the parallel microstrip line, the filter capacitor and the direct-current load are both welded at the rear half part of the parallel microstrip line, and the width and the distance between the parallel microstrip line and the direct-current load are both about 1 mm. The rectifying diode is selected to be an HSMS286B Schottky diode and is welded in a split ring, the filter capacitor is selected to be a village capacitor, the model of the village capacitor is GCM2165C2A101JA16, the distance between the filter capacitor and the rectifying diode is 9.5mm, and the distance between a direct current load and the rectifying diode is 10.05 mm.
As shown in fig. 4, the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is an electric dipole communication antenna 8 with a bent end for reducing the size of the electric dipole communication antenna 8, and a feeder 10 is disposed on the same plane of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 for exciting the electric dipole communication antenna 8; the feed line 10 extends from the center of the electric dipole to the edge of the dielectric substrate. The length of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is 28-32mm, and the width of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is 1-2 mm; the tail end of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is symmetrically bent towards two sides in an arc form, the bending radius is 8-12mm, the bending angle is 60-100 degrees, and the width of the arc is 1-4 mm. The feeder line 10 is a pair of parallel microstrip lines, the width of the microstrip line is 1-2mm, the distance between the microstrip lines is 0.4-1.5mm, the feeder line 10 which is 2-4mm away from the edge of the dielectric substrate is a comb-shaped structure 211, and the length of the comb-shaped structure 211 is 5-12 mm. Preferably, the electric dipole has a length of 30mm and a width of 1.28 mm; the tail end of the electric dipole is symmetrically bent towards two sides in an arc form, the bending radius is 10.22mm, the bending angle is 88.9 degrees, and the width of the arc is 2.74 mm. The width of the parallel microstrip feeder lines 10 is 1.5mm, the spacing is 0.5mm, a comb-shaped structure 211 is added at the feeder line 10 which is 3mm away from the edge, and the length of the comb-shaped structure 211 is 9.41 mm.
As shown in fig. 5, the isolation microstrip 7 is parallel to the feed line 10 of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 and is located right above the feed line 10, and the isolation microstrip 7 extends from one side of the dielectric substrate to the other side; the isolation microstrip 7 is composed of a row of rectangular microstrip pieces, the length of the rectangular microstrip pieces is 1mm to 6mm, the width of the rectangular microstrip pieces is 0.3mm to 3mm, and the distance between the rectangular microstrip pieces is 0.5mm to 2 mm. Preferably, the rectangular microstrip pieces in the isolation microstrip 7 have a length of 4.5mm, a width of 2.25mm and a pitch of 0.75 mm.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the two dielectric substrates are uniform in size and thickness, and have a length of 26 mm to 32mm, a width of 20 mm to 28mm, and a thickness of 0.5mm to 2 mm. Optionally, the dielectric substrate has a length of 30mm and a width of 24 mm. The material of The dielectric substrate 2 can be selected from The Rogers Duroid 5880, namely Rogers 5880, The relative dielectric constant is 2.2, The relative magnetic permeability is 1.0, and The loss tangent is 0.0009.
Preferably, after the initial design, a high frequency electromagnetic simulation software HFSS is used for simulation analysis, and after simulation optimization, the dimensions of various parameters are obtained as shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 optimal dimensioning of various parameters of the present disclosure
According to the parameters, the reflection coefficient | S11| characteristic parameters of the designed end-fire low-profile Wheatstone source antenna applied to the wireless power transmission system are simulated and analyzed by HFSS, and the analysis results are as follows:
fig. 6 is a graph of S parameter changing with frequency obtained by simulation when the resonant loop antenna 3 and the electric dipole communication antenna 8 are excited in equal amplitude and in phase in the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the resonant frequency points of the resonant loop antenna 3 and the electric dipole communication antenna 8 are both 2.45GHz, the reflection loss values are-16.2 dB and-21.7 dB respectively, the-10 dB bandwidths are 15MHz and 48MHz respectively, and the isolation between the two antennas is greater than 25 dB;
fig. 7 is a directional diagram of the E-plane and the H-plane at the resonant frequency point of 2.45GHz when the resonant loop antenna 3 and the electric dipole communication antenna 8 are excited in equal amplitude and in phase. As can be seen from fig. 7, the antenna has radiation directions toward the right above the antenna on both the E-plane and the H-plane; at a resonant frequency point, the maximum gain value of the antenna is 4.45dBi, the front-to-back ratio is larger than 23dB, and the radiation efficiency is 97%; the visible antenna has good radiation performance and has the characteristics of low section and compact structure.
Fig. 8 is the E-plane and H-plane directional patterns at the resonant frequency point of 2.45GHz when the resonant loop antenna 3 is excited alone, and it can be seen from fig. 8 that it can be approximately equivalent to a directional pattern perpendicular to the planar magnetic dipole antenna of the resonant loop antenna 3.
Fig. 9 is the E-plane and H-plane patterns at the resonant frequency point of 2.45GHz when the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is excited alone, which is close to the pattern of an ideal electric dipole communication antenna 8 as can be seen from fig. 9.
Fig. 10 shows the change of the rectifying antenna conversion efficiency with the dc load when the resonant loop rectifying antenna has a resonant frequency of 2.45GHz and an input power of 0 dBm.
It is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications.
Claims (9)
1. A huygens element small antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication simultaneously, characterized in that:
comprises two layers of dielectric substrates which are clung together;
the resonant loop rectifying antenna is attached to the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate;
the electric dipole communication antenna and the feeder thereof are attached to the lower surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate;
and the isolation microstrip is attached to the lower surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate.
2. A huygens element small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication, comprising:
the resonant loop rectifying antenna comprises a resonant loop antenna and a rectifying circuit; the resonant loop antenna comprises two symmetrical split rings, and a gap is formed between the two split rings; the rectifying circuit is disposed in one of the open rings.
3. The small huygens element antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication according to claim 2, wherein: two open rings in the resonant ring antenna are of a rectangular structure;
the opening position is the central position of the adjacent edges of the two rings, the opening length is 0.5-2mm, and the position is 0.5-1.5mm away from the opening;
two ends of the comb-shaped structure are provided with comb-shaped structures, and the length of each comb-shaped structure is 2-6 mm;
the long side of the split ring is 1-1.5 times of the short side;
the width on long limit, minor face and split ring place limit all does not exceed 3mm, and the length on long limit is greater than 8mm, and the minor face size is greater than 6 mm.
4. The small huygens element antenna for simultaneous wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the rectifying circuit loads a rectifying diode, a filter capacitor and a load on a pair of parallel microstrip lines in a welding mode; the rectifying diode is welded at the starting end of the parallel microstrip line, the filter capacitor and the direct-current load are both welded at the rear half part of the parallel microstrip line, and the width and the distance between the parallel microstrip line and the direct-current load are both about 1 mm.
5. The small huygens element electrical antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication of claim 4, wherein: the electric dipole communication antenna is an electric dipole communication antenna with a bent tail end, and a feeder line is arranged on the same plane of the electric dipole communication antenna; the feed line extends from the center of the electric dipole to the edge of the dielectric substrate.
6. The small huygens element electrical antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication of claim 5, wherein: the length of the electric dipole communication antenna is 28-32mm, and the width of the electric dipole communication antenna is 1-2 mm; the tail end of the electric dipole communication antenna is symmetrically bent towards two sides in an arc form, the bending radius is 8-12mm, the bending angle is 60-100 degrees, and the width of the arc is 1-4 mm.
7. The small huygens element electrical antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication of claim 5, wherein: the feeder lines are a pair of parallel microstrip lines, the width of the feeder lines is 1-2mm, the distance between the feeder lines is 0.4-1.5mm, the feeder line position 2-4mm away from the edge of the dielectric substrate is a comb-shaped structure, and the length of the comb-shaped structure is 5-12 mm.
8. The small huygens element antenna for simultaneous wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the isolation microstrip is parallel to a feeder line of the electric dipole communication antenna and is positioned right above the feeder line, and the isolation microstrip extends from one side of the dielectric substrate to the other side; the isolation microstrip consists of a row of rectangular microstrip pieces, the length of each rectangular microstrip piece is 1mm to 6mm, the width of each rectangular microstrip piece is 0.3mm to 3mm, and the distance between the rectangular microstrip pieces is 0.5mm to 2 mm.
9. The huygens element small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication according to claim 8, wherein: the two layers of dielectric substrates are consistent in size and thickness, the length is 26 mm to 32mm, the width is 20 mm to 28mm, and the thickness is 0.5mm to 2 mm.
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