CN114976603A - Low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit - Google Patents
Low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN114976603A CN114976603A CN202210898588.1A CN202210898588A CN114976603A CN 114976603 A CN114976603 A CN 114976603A CN 202210898588 A CN202210898588 A CN 202210898588A CN 114976603 A CN114976603 A CN 114976603A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit, which comprises two metal sheets which are bilaterally symmetrical about a central axis of the unit, wherein a reflecting plate is arranged at the bottom end of each metal sheet, and each metal sheet is in an integrated design with uniform thickness and comprises a radiation sheet, a ground pillar and a feed pillar; the radiation sheet is an unfolded wing shape, extends downwards to form a grounding column and a feed column, and is connected with the reflecting plate at the bottom end through the grounding column; the feed column feeds the antenna element in the form of an unbalanced feed. The antenna unit disclosed by the invention has extremely low profile height, wide frequency band and wide angle scanning characteristics, and can better adapt to the application requirements of the diversity and universalization of functions of the current phased array antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar technology and wireless communication, and particularly relates to a low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit.
Background
With the rapid development of modern communication technology and electronic systems, radar systems have raised requirements on antennas, and particularly phased array antennas are involved in various fields, so that the performance requirements of antennas are continuously increased. Firstly, as the space utilization rate is increased continuously, the antenna structure is required to have the characteristic of low section so as to realize the integration and miniaturization of the antenna array; secondly, in order to enable the radar systems of different frequency bands to work normally, the antenna is required to have a wider working bandwidth; in addition, the antenna is also required to have a certain wide-angle scanning capability to achieve sufficient spatial coverage.
Most of the current low-profile antennas with wide bandwidth (bandwidth greater than 60%) have profile height not lower than one quarter of the low-frequency wavelength and weak wide-angle scanning capability. The broadband phased array antenna unit with lower profile and certain scanning capability has fewer forms. In order to better meet the application requirements of the diversity and comprehensiveness of the functions of the current phased array antenna, a phased array antenna unit which has a wide frequency band, a low profile and a certain wide-angle scanning capability is urgently needed to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a phased array antenna unit with broadband, low profile and wide-angle scanning capabilities.
An all-metal phased-array antenna unit comprises two metal sheets which are bilaterally symmetrical about a central axis of the unit, a reflecting plate is arranged at the bottom end of each metal sheet, and the metal sheets are in an integrated design with uniform thickness and comprise radiating sheets, ground columns and feed columns; the radiating sheet is an unfolded wing shape, extends downwards to form a grounding column and a feed column, and is connected with the reflecting plate at the bottom end through the grounding column; the feed column feeds the antenna element in the form of an unbalanced feed.
Preferably, the radiating sheet is symmetrical about a unit central axis and has an expanded wing shape for radiating energy, and the height of the cross section of the antenna unit is the distance between the height of the tail end of the radiating sheet and the reflecting plate.
Preferably, the airfoil edge line of the radiation fin includes a first fin line and a second fin line, the first fin line and the second fin line are gradually opened towards the outer space, and the first fin line and the second fin line are curves relative to an exponential equation and are respectively expressed as x1= A × e ^ (z/k) 1 )+B、x2=C×e^(z/k 2 ) + D, wherein the coefficient A belongs to (0,10), B belongs to (-30,0), C belongs to (-2000,0), D belongs to (0,30), k1 belongs to (0,20), k2 belongs to (-2, 0).
Preferably, the grounding column and the feed column are obtained by extending the radiating sheet downwards, and the grounding column is one end far away from the central axis of the unit and is directly connected with the reflecting plate; the feed column is one end close to the central axis of the unit, wherein the feed column of one metal sheet is directly connected with the reflecting plate, a gap is reserved between the feed column of the other metal sheet and the reflecting plate, and the feed column is connected with an inner conductor of the SMP connector, wherein the SMP connector is arranged on the lower surface of the reflecting plate, and the inner conductor of the SMP connector extends upwards to be contacted with the feed column.
Preferably, the reflector is a square metal plate, and the scanning angle of the antenna unit is increased by adjusting the size of the reflector.
Advantageous effects
(1) The low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit disclosed by the invention has extremely low profile height, and can reach one sixth of the wavelength of the lowest frequency point, and the low-profile unit can reach one fourth of the wavelength of the lowest frequency point very well;
(2) the metal antenna unit disclosed by the invention has the broadband characteristic, and the unit bandwidth at least reaches 66.6% of broadband;
(3) the metal antenna unit disclosed by the invention has wide-angle scanning characteristics, the scanning angle can be increased by adjusting the size of the reflecting plate, and the active standing wave under a large scanning angle is less than 3.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of an antenna unit according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) are labeled diagrams of the thickness and other dimensions of the S cell in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an in-band passive standing wave of an S-cell of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an S-unit with E-plane scanning of 45 active standing waves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a central frequency point pattern of the S unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: the antenna comprises 1-a first radiation piece, 2-a second radiation piece, 2.1-a first fin line, 2.2-a second fin line, 3-a first grounding column, 4-a second grounding column, 5-a first feed column, 6-a second feed column, 7-an SMP connector and 8-a reflection plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit which has an extremely low profile, has enough large bandwidth, can perform wide-angle scanning and can well meet the diversified requirements of a phased-array antenna.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the all-metal phased-array antenna includes left and right metal plates that are symmetrical with respect to the unit axis and are fixed to the metal reflection plate 8 by screws. The metal sheet is divided into a radiation sheet, a grounding column and a feed column according to functions, wherein the whole metal sheet is integrally designed with uniform thickness, and the radiation sheet vertically extends downwards to form the grounding column and the feed column; the radiating sheets and the grounding columns in the two metal sheets are symmetrically distributed, the feed columns are symmetrical in position, and the lengths and the connection modes are asymmetrical.
The metal sheet has uniform thickness and comprises a first metal sheet and a second metal sheet, wherein the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet respectively comprise a first radiation sheet 1 and a second radiation sheet 2, the two radiation sheets are in airfoil shapes expanded to the outside space or are called blade types and comprise a first fin line 2.1 and a second fin line 2.2, and the first fin line and the second fin lineConnected to form a parallelogram-like shape, wherein the first fin line 2.1 and the second fin line 2.2 are both curves with respect to an exponential function e. The one-dimensional direction of the plane of the reflecting plate is an x-axis, the borderline at the side of the second feed column 6 near the central axis is a y-axis (the borderline is perpendicular to the reflecting plate), and then the curve equation of the first fin line 2.1 of the radiation fin is x1= A × e ^ (z/k) 1 )+B，x2=C×e^(z/k 2 ) + D, where A belongs to (0,10), B belongs to (-30,0), C belongs to (-2000,0), D belongs to (0,30), k1 belongs to (0,20), k2 belongs to (-2, 0).
The overall cross-sectional height of the metal sheet is the height of the end of the radiation sheet, i.e. the height between the end of the first fin line 2.1 and the metal reflector 8.
The first metal sheet and the second metal sheet respectively comprise a first feed column 5 and a second feed column 6, a gap is reserved between the bottom end of the first feed column 5 and the upper surface of the reflecting plate 8, the feed columns are not directly connected, and an inner conductor of an SMP connector 7 on the lower surface of the reflecting plate 8 extends upwards to be in contact with the first feed column 5; the second feed column 6 is directly connected to the reflector plate 8. The asymmetry in the connection to the reflector plate 8 allows the feed column to feed the cell in an unbalanced feed. The first metal sheet and the second metal sheet respectively comprise a first grounding column 3 and a second grounding column 4, and the bottoms of the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet are respectively connected with the reflecting plate 8, so that the adverse effect of reducing the working bandwidth of the antenna unit due to common-mode resonance caused by an unbalanced feeding mode of the feeding columns is inhibited, and the working bandwidth of the antenna unit is increased. The main functions of the reflector plate 8 are to increase the reception gain of the antenna element and to block electromagnetic interference from the back.
Example (b):
the present embodiment gives a simulation example based on an S-band antenna unit. The S-band unit operates at 2-4GHz with a bandwidth of 66.6%, and its specific dimensions are as shown in fig. 3(a) and 3 (b). The height H of the unit section is 24.5mm and is less than one sixth of the wavelength of the lowest frequency; the cell thickness D was 4 mm; the width w1 of the grounding post is 2.15mm, and the distance x1 from the center to the central axis of the unit is 10 mm; the width w2 of the feed column is 4mm, the distance x2 from the center to the axis of the unit is 3mm, and the height hh of the feed column 1 from the reflecting surface is 1 mm; the height z1 of the starting point of the first fin line 2.1 of the radiation piece is 18mm, and the height of the end point is H; taking the one-dimensional direction of the plane of the reflecting plate as an x axis, and the boundary line of one side of the second feed column 6, which is perpendicular to the reflecting plate, close to the central axis as a y axis, the 2.1 curve equation of the first fin line of the radiation piece is x1=5.96 × e ^ (z/12) -25.71; the height z2 of the starting point of the fin line 2 of the radiation sheet is 7mm, the height of the ending point is H, and the curve equation is x2= -2102.49 × e ^ (-z/1.42) + 20.20. The reflecting plate is a square metal plate of 43.5mm by 43.5 mm.
The passive simulated standing wave pattern in the antenna element frequency band is shown in fig. 4 below, and it can be seen that the passive standing wave is less than 1.65 in the whole frequency band. As shown in fig. 5, the active standing wave of the antenna unit in the range of 45 ° scanned from the E-plane is less than 2.8, which proves that the unit can perform wide-angle scanning. The cell center frequency point pattern is shown in fig. 6 below, with a normal gain of 3.76dB and a beam width of about 94 °.
In the example, the section height of the S-band unit is reduced to one sixth of the wavelength of the lowest frequency point, and the scannable angle of the unit is determined by the size of the reflector, so that the parameters of the section height of the unit, the size of the reflector and the like can be modified on the basis of the reduction, and the unit with a larger scanning angle and a relatively lower section height is designed.
The antenna unit is designed integrally, is made of metal, and has extremely low section height, in the above example, the section height is only one sixth of the wavelength of the lowest frequency point, but the low section unit reaches one fourth of the wavelength of the lowest frequency point very well; furthermore, it has a broadband characteristic, which in the above example can be seen to be at least 66.6% broadband; the last cell has a wide angle scanning characteristic with an active standing wave at large scan angles of less than 3, in the example the scan angle is 45 °, the actual adjustable baffle size increases its scan angle, also indicating its ability to have wide angle scanning.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit is characterized by comprising two metal sheets which are bilaterally symmetrical about a central axis of the unit, wherein a reflecting plate is arranged at the bottom end of each metal sheet, and each metal sheet is of an integrated design with uniform thickness and comprises a radiation sheet, a ground pillar and a feed pillar; the radiating sheet is an unfolded wing shape, extends downwards to form a grounding column and a feed column, and is connected with the reflecting plate at the bottom end through the grounding column; the feed column feeds the antenna element in the form of an unbalanced feed.
2. The low profile, broadband, wide angle scanning metal antenna element of claim 1, wherein said radiating patch is configured to radiate energy, and wherein the profile height of said antenna element is the distance between the height of the end of the radiating patch and the reflector plate.
3. The low-profile, broadband, wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit of claim 2, wherein the edge line of the airfoil of the radiation patch comprises a first fin line and a second fin line, the first and second fin lines each diverging to the outer space, and the first and second fin lines each being a curve relating to an exponential equation, respectively expressed as x1= A x e ^ (z/k) 1 )+B、x2=C×e^(z/k 2 ) + D, wherein the coefficient A belongs to (0,10), B belongs to (-30,0), C belongs to (-2000,0), D belongs to (0,30), k1 belongs to (0,20), k2 belongs to (-2, 0).
4. The low-profile wide-band wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, of the ground post and the feed post which are obtained by extending the radiating patch downwards, the ground post is one end away from the central axis of the unit and is directly connected with the reflecting plate; the feed column is one end close to the central axis of the unit, wherein the feed column of one metal sheet is directly connected with the reflecting plate, a gap is reserved between the feed column of the other metal sheet and the reflecting plate, and the feed column is connected with the inner conductor of the SMP connector, wherein the SMP connector is arranged on the lower surface of the reflecting plate, and the inner conductor of the SMP connector extends upwards to be contacted with the feed column.
5. The low profile broadband wide angle scanning metal antenna element of claim 4, wherein said reflector plate is a square metal plate, and the antenna element scanning angle is increased by adjusting the size of the reflector plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210898588.1A CN114976603A (en) | 2022-07-28 | 2022-07-28 | Low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210898588.1A CN114976603A (en) | 2022-07-28 | 2022-07-28 | Low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning metal antenna unit |
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| CN114976603A true CN114976603A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984002038A1 (en) * | 1982-11-15 | 1984-05-24 | Meier Messtechnik | Broadband directional antenna |
| US20110057852A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-03-10 | University of Massachutsetts | Modular Wideband Antenna Array |
| CN106129593A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-16 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of all-metal Phased Array Radar Antenna unit of two dimension wide angle scanning |
| CN110350318A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-18 | 北京布科思科技有限公司 | A kind of ultra wide band circular polarisation omnidirectional antenna |
| CN113571865A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-29 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Ficus antenna finite array |
| CN114204278A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Antenna and polarization grid mechanism |
-
2022
- 2022-07-28 CN CN202210898588.1A patent/CN114976603A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984002038A1 (en) * | 1982-11-15 | 1984-05-24 | Meier Messtechnik | Broadband directional antenna |
| US20110057852A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-03-10 | University of Massachutsetts | Modular Wideband Antenna Array |
| CN106129593A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-16 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of all-metal Phased Array Radar Antenna unit of two dimension wide angle scanning |
| CN110350318A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-18 | 北京布科思科技有限公司 | A kind of ultra wide band circular polarisation omnidirectional antenna |
| CN113571865A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-29 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Ficus antenna finite array |
| CN114204278A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Antenna and polarization grid mechanism |
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Application publication date: 20220830 |