CN114976319A - Control method for multiple battery modules connected in parallel and power supply system - Google Patents

Control method for multiple battery modules connected in parallel and power supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114976319A
CN114976319A CN202210805550.5A CN202210805550A CN114976319A CN 114976319 A CN114976319 A CN 114976319A CN 202210805550 A CN202210805550 A CN 202210805550A CN 114976319 A CN114976319 A CN 114976319A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery module
battery
addressing
mos tube
address
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
尤晓翔
郭敏华
于谋展
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Ningbo Gongniu Digital Technology Co Ltd
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Ningbo Gongniu Digital Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210805550.5A priority Critical patent/CN114976319A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a control method for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel and a power supply system. The battery management system of each of the plurality of battery modules is communicatively connected via a CAN bus, the plurality of battery modules including at least a first battery module and a second battery module, the control method comprising: an acquisition step, during the period of using the first battery module to supply power to the load, acquiring the states of the plurality of battery modules by the main battery management system through a CAN bus; and a control step, which is used for controlling the on-off state of the charging loop and the discharging loop of the first battery module and the second battery module by the main battery management system when the states of the plurality of battery modules meet the preset switching condition, so that the load is powered by switching from using the first battery module to using the second battery module.

Description

Control method for multiple battery modules connected in parallel and power supply system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of energy storage power supplies, and more particularly, to a control method for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel and a power supply system.
Background
At present, in the field of outdoor energy storage, most products are designed by one machine and one battery. With the continuous abundance of user use scenes and the continuous increase of power of electric equipment. The one-machine-one-battery design has not been able to meet the use requirements of most users well. In order to meet the use requirements of the users, manufacturers begin to develop and produce energy storage power supplies with larger capacity, and the following problems are that the products are large in size, heavy in weight and low in portability and convenience, so that audiences are limited, and brand new products are newly developed for the users, so that the development cost is increased, and the cost performance is reduced.
In order to solve the above two problems, the modular concept is gradually applied in the outdoor energy storage industry, and related products are also successively released by each large enterprise. The modularization means that a single battery pack is regarded as a battery module, and the battery modules can be mutually connected in parallel to form a system through a specific communication protocol and related circuits so as to improve the endurance time of the whole system. The user can flexibly configure additional power-on batteries according to the use requirement of the user, the application scene of the product is expanded, and enterprises save research and development cost. The challenge lies in the way of parallel connection between batteries to achieve the purpose of safety, energy saving and convenient use.
At present, a part of products use a current limiting module to perform parallel control on a plurality of battery packs, when the voltage difference between batteries is overlarge, the maximum charging current is limited, and a parallel system reaches a voltage balance point through battery circulation. The disadvantages of this approach are: the hardware cost is increased and the product competitiveness is reduced due to the fact that a hardware current limiting circuit is added to achieve functions; because the internal circulation of the battery is used for balancing the batteries, extra electric energy consumption is caused, and the endurance time of the product is reduced.
Many battery packs on the market realize the parallel function based on UART or RS485 communication at present, because UART and RS485 do not have many host computer characteristics, use UART or RS485 to carry out parallel communication and can only realize through forwardding, every battery pack needs 2 groups of UART, one group is used for receiving the instruction of the last level battery pack, another group is used for sending the instruction to the next level battery pack. The instruction sent from the main battery pack to the endmost battery needs to be forwarded one level at a time by the intermediate battery. The disadvantages of this approach are: according to the scheme, the battery output buses are connected in parallel, the communication mode is actually in series connection, a certain time is required for the instruction to transmit, the time is related to the baud rate, and in addition, the time required for forwarding each battery is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention is to overcome the above and/or other problems in the prior art, and in particular, to enable discharge switching between parallel battery packs by controlling on/off states of a charging circuit and a discharging circuit of a corresponding battery module by transmitting an instruction through a CAN bus according to states of a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel.
Specifically, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel, a battery management system of each of the plurality of battery modules being communicatively connected via a CAN bus, the plurality of battery modules including at least a first battery module and a second battery module, the control method including: an obtaining step, during the period of using the first battery module to supply power to a load, obtaining the states of the plurality of battery modules through the CAN bus by a main battery management system; and a control step of controlling, by the master battery management system, on/off states of a charging circuit and a discharging circuit of the first battery module and the second battery module when states of the plurality of battery modules satisfy a preset switching condition, so that the load is powered by switching from using the first battery module to using the second battery module.
The control method is based on CAN communication topology, the number of the maximally supported parallel battery packs is greatly improved compared with the traditional mode, and the switching time delay between the battery packs cannot be influenced because the main battery module CAN send an instruction through the CAN bus to control the switching process between any two battery modules, so that the switching speed is high; on the other hand, the parallel battery packs are used for independently supplying power to the loads (namely, the loads are alternately supplied with power), and the CAN bus is used for monitoring the state of the parallel system so as to switch in time, so that battery circulation is avoided, electric energy loss is reduced, and the electric energy utilization rate is improved.
Preferably, the first battery module includes a first MOS transistor and a second MOS transistor connected in series, the first MOS transistor is configured to switch on and off a charging loop of the first battery module, and the second MOS transistor is configured to switch on and off a discharging loop of the first battery module; the second battery module comprises a third MOS tube and a fourth MOS tube which are connected in series, the third MOS tube is used for switching on and off a charging loop of the second battery module, and the fourth MOS tube is used for switching on and off a discharging loop of the second battery module; and during the period of using the first battery module to supply power to the load, the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube are closed, and the third MOS tube and the fourth MOS tube are opened.
Preferably, the controlling step includes: disconnecting the first MOS tube; closing the fourth MOS tube; disconnecting the second MOS tube; and closing the third MOS tube.
Preferably, the master battery management system is a battery management system of the first battery module, and the master battery management system CAN send an instruction through the CAN bus to instruct the battery management system of the second battery module to perform on-off control on the third MOS transistor and the fourth MOS transistor.
Preferably, the plurality of battery modules further include a third battery module, the master battery management system is a battery management system of the third battery module, and the master battery management system CAN send an instruction through the CAN bus to instruct the respective battery management systems of the first battery module and the second battery module to perform on-off control on the first, second, third, and fourth MOS transistors.
Preferably, each of the plurality of battery modules has an addressing input terminal and an addressing output terminal, the addressing input terminal of an adjacent battery module is electrically connected to the addressing output terminal and the addressing output terminal of each battery module outputs a low level, the control method further comprising an addressing step, the addressing step comprising: a) enabling the addressed output end of the first battery module to output a high level; b) broadcasting, by the first battery module, an addressing information frame on the CAN bus; c) for each of the other battery modules: when the addressing input end receives a high level and the addressing output end outputs a low level and receives the addressing information frame, analyzing the address distributed in the addressing information frame and storing the address as a local address; replying an addressing success message; and making the addressed output terminal output a high level; d) when the first battery module receives the addressing success message, broadcasting a next addressing information frame; e) iteratively performing substeps c) and d) until the first battery module has not received the addressing success message within a predetermined period of time; and f) broadcasting an addressing end instruction on the CAN bus by the first battery module so that all the battery modules output low levels at the respective addressing output ends.
Preferably, the first battery module is a main battery module, and the control method further includes a collision detection step including: by each of the plurality of battery modules except for the first battery module: sending an address data frame via the CAN bus, wherein the address data frame comprises an address of the battery module; receiving address data frames sent by other battery modules through the CAN bus; comparing the address in the received address data frame with its own address; and when the address in the received address data frame coincides with its own address, transmitting an address collision warning to the first battery module via the CAN bus. More preferably, the collision detection step is performed periodically, or when a new battery module is connected in parallel to the plurality of battery modules.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a power supply system including a plurality of battery modules and a CAN bus, the plurality of battery modules being connected in parallel with each other, a battery management system of each of the plurality of battery modules being communicatively connected via the CAN bus, the plurality of battery modules including at least a first battery module and a second battery module, the main battery management system of the power supply system being configured to: acquiring states of the plurality of battery modules through the CAN bus during the power supply of a load using the first battery module; and when the states of the plurality of battery modules meet a preset switching condition, controlling the on-off states of the charging loop and the discharging loop of the first battery module and the second battery module so as to switch from using the first battery module to using the second battery module to supply power to the load.
Preferably, the first battery module includes a first MOS transistor and a second MOS transistor connected in series, where the first MOS transistor is used to turn on and off a charging loop of the first battery module, and the second MOS transistor is used to turn on and off a discharging loop of the first battery module; the second battery module comprises a third MOS tube and a fourth MOS tube which are connected in series, the third MOS tube is used for switching on and off a charging loop of the second battery module, and the fourth MOS tube is used for switching on and off a discharging loop of the second battery module; and during the period of using the first battery module to supply power to the load, the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube are closed, and the third MOS tube and the fourth MOS tube are opened.
Preferably, when the states of the plurality of battery modules satisfy a preset switching condition, the master battery management system is further configured to: disconnecting the first MOS tube; closing the fourth MOS tube; disconnecting the second MOS tube; and closing the third MOS tube.
Preferably, the master battery management system is a battery management system of the first battery module, and the master battery management system CAN send an instruction through the CAN bus to instruct the battery management system of the second battery module to perform on-off control on the third MOS transistor and the fourth MOS transistor.
Preferably, the plurality of battery modules further include a third battery module, the master battery management system is a battery management system of the third battery module, and the master battery management system CAN send a command through the CAN bus to instruct the respective battery management systems of the first battery module and the second battery module to perform on-off control on the first MOS transistor, the second MOS transistor, the third MOS transistor, and the fourth MOS transistor.
Preferably, each battery module of the plurality of battery modules has an addressing input and an addressing output, the addressing input of an adjacent battery module electrically connected to the addressing output and the addressing output of each battery module outputting a low level, the power system configured to perform an addressing operation, the addressing operation comprising: a) enabling the addressed output end of the first battery module to output a high level; b) broadcasting, by the first battery module, an addressing information frame on the CAN bus; c) for each of the other battery modules: when the addressing input end receives a high level and the addressing output end outputs a low level and receives the addressing information frame, analyzing the address distributed in the addressing information frame and storing the address as a local address; replying an addressing success message; and making the addressing output end output high level; d) when the first battery module receives the addressing success message, broadcasting a next addressing information frame; e) iteratively performing substeps c) and d) until the first battery module has not received the addressing success message within a predetermined period of time; and f) broadcasting an addressing end instruction on the CAN bus by the first battery module so that all the battery modules output low level at the respective addressing output ends.
Preferably, the first battery module is a main battery module, and the power supply system is configured to perform a collision detection operation, the collision detection operation including: by each of the plurality of battery modules except for the first battery module: sending an address data frame via the CAN bus, the address data frame including an address of the battery module; receiving address data frames sent by other battery modules through the CAN bus; comparing the address in the received address data frame with its own address; and when the address in the received address data frame coincides with its own address, transmitting an address collision warning to the first battery module via the CAN bus. More preferably, the power supply system is configured to periodically perform the collision detection operation, or perform the collision detection operation when a new battery module is connected in parallel to the plurality of battery modules.
Other features and aspects will become apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings, and the claims.
Drawings
The invention may be better understood by describing exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a control method 100 for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a power supply system 200 to which the control method 100 for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel of an exemplary embodiment of the invention may be applied;
FIG. 3 schematically shows an example implementation of the control step S120 according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of dynamic addressing in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates an example process for dynamic addressing in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 6 illustrates an example process for address collision detection according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
While specific embodiments of the invention will be described below, it should be noted that in the course of describing these embodiments in detail, it is not possible for this specification to describe in detail all of the features of an actual embodiment in order to provide a concise description. It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions are made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the claims and the specification should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms "a" or "an," and the like, do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprise" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before "comprises" or "comprising" covers the element or item listed after "comprising" or "comprises" and its equivalent, and does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, nor are they restricted to direct or indirect connections.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a control method 100 for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a power supply system 200 to which the control method 100 for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel may be applied according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, a power supply system 200 may include a master battery module 210 and one or more slave battery modules 220 connected in parallel with each other n (n.gtoreq.1), and CAN buses (shown as CAN H and CAN L in the figure). The main battery module 210 and one or moreMultiple slave battery modules 220 n The Battery Management System (BMS) of each battery module (n ≧ 1) is connected in parallel to the CAN bus and communicates via the CAN bus. One or more slave battery modules 220 n May include at least a first slave battery module 220 1 . The master battery module 210 and the first slave battery module 220 1 The load 10 may be supplied with power, respectively.
As shown in fig. 1, a control method 100 for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include an acquisition step S110 and a control step S120.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when the load 10 is powered by the master battery module 210, the control method 100 may be used to switch from using the master battery module 210 to using the first slave battery module 220 1 The load 10 is powered.
Specifically, in the obtaining step S110, during the power supply of the load 10 using the master battery module 210, the master battery module 210 and one or more slave battery modules 220 may be obtained by the master battery management system of the master battery module 210 n (n ≧ 1) status information, such as a command sent via the CAN bus, for example, to obtain each slave battery module 220 n The status information of (2). The status information may include at least one of: SOC, voltage, current, protection state, MOS state, etc. of the battery module.
In the control step S120, the master battery module 210 and one or more slave battery modules 220 n When the state information (n ≧ 1) satisfies the preset switching condition, the master battery management system of the master battery module 210 can control the master battery module 210 and the first slave battery module 220 1 So as to switch from using the master battery module 210 to using the first slave battery module 220 1 The load 10 is supplied with power. As an example, the preset switching condition may be: the voltage of the master battery module 210 decreases below a predetermined threshold, and the first slave battery module 220 1 Is above a predetermined threshold.
In some embodiments of the invention, one or more slave battery modules 220 n A second slave battery module 220 may also be included 2 . Further, the first slave battery module 220 is utilized 1 The control method 100 may be utilized to implement a slave usage of the first slave battery module 220 when powering the load 10 1 Switch to use the second slave battery module 220 2 The load 10 is powered.
Specifically, in the acquisition step S110, the first slave battery module 220 is in use 1 During the power supply to the load 10, the master battery module 210 and the slave battery modules 220 can be obtained by the master battery management system of the master battery module 210 n For example, sending commands via the CAN bus to obtain the status information of each slave battery module 220 n The status information of (2). The status information may include at least one of: SOC, voltage, current, protection state, MOS state, etc. of the battery module.
In the control step S120, the master battery module 210 and one or more slave battery modules 220 n When the state information (n ≧ 1) satisfies the preset switching condition, the first slave battery module 220 may be controlled by the master battery management system of the master battery module 210 1 And a second slave battery module 220 2 Such that the first slave battery module 220 is used from the secondary side 1 Switch to use the second slave battery module 220 2 The load 10 is powered. As an example, the preset switching condition may be: second slave battery module 220 2 Is higher than the master battery module 210 and the first slave battery module 220 1 The corresponding SOC of (a).
The control method for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel and the corresponding power supply system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention are described above. The control method and the corresponding power supply system are based on CAN communication topology, the number of the battery packs which are supported in parallel to the maximum extent is greatly improved compared with the traditional mode, and the switching time delay between the battery packs cannot be influenced when the number of the battery packs which are connected in parallel is more than that of the battery packs, because the main battery module CAN control the switching process between any two battery modules by sending an instruction through a CAN bus, the switching CAN be finished within 100ms at the fastest speed. On the other hand, the control method and the corresponding power supply system independently supply power to the load through the parallel battery pack (namely, alternately supply power to the load) and monitor the state of the parallel system by utilizing the CAN bus so as to switch in time, so that battery circulation is avoided, electric energy loss is reduced, and the electric energy utilization rate is improved.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention, the battery management system may control the on/off state of the charging loop and the discharging loop of the battery module by operating switches in the battery module for controlling the charging loop and the discharging loop, respectively.
Fig. 3 schematically shows an example implementation of the control step S120 according to an alternative embodiment of the invention. As shown, the main battery module 210 may include a first MOS transistor 301 and a second MOS transistor 302 connected in series. The first MOS transistor 301 may be used to switch on and off the charging loop CHG1 of the main battery module 210. The second MOS transistor 302 may be used to switch on and off the discharge circuit DSG1 of the main battery module 310. First slave battery module 220 1 A third MOS transistor 303 and a fourth MOS transistor 304 may be included in series. The third MOS transistor 303 may be used to switch on/off the first slave battery module 220 1 The charging loop CHG2, and the fourth MOS transistor 304 may be used to switch on/off the first slave battery module 220 1 Discharge circuit DSG 2.
Since the parallel battery packs independently supply power to the load in the present application, during the period of supplying power to the load 10 by using the main battery module 310, the first MOS transistor 301 and the second MOS transistor 302 are closed, and the third MOS transistor 303 and the fourth MOS transistor 30 are opened. In other words, the first slave battery module 220 is in the meantime 1 And does not participate in powering the load 10.
In the control step S120, when the system satisfies the preset switching condition, the master battery management system may be configured to implement switching from using the master battery module 210 to using the first slave battery module 220 by sequentially performing the following operations 1 The load 10 is powered: disconnecting the first MOS tube 301; closing the fourth MOS transistor 304; disconnecting the second MOS transistor 302; and closing the third MOS transistor 303.
Specifically, the master battery management system may switch from using the master battery module 210 to using the first slave battery module when determining that a switch is required220 1 After the load 10 is powered, the first MOS transistor 301 is turned off, and the discharge of the main battery module 210 can be maintained by the body diode D2 in the first MOS transistor 301. Then, the master battery management system may transmit a command to control the first slave battery module 220 through the CAN bus 1 The battery management system of (1) closes the fourth MOS transistor 304 so that the first slave battery module 220 1 Can participate in the discharge. Then, the master battery management system may disconnect the second MOS transistor 302, at which time the master battery module 210 exits discharging, while the first slave battery module 220 may be maintained by the body diode D4 in the third MOS transistor 303 1 Is discharged. Finally, the master battery management system may send commands to control the first slave battery module 220 through the CAN bus 1 The battery management system of (2) closes the third MOS transistor 303, thereby completely receiving the first slave battery module 220 1 Take over the discharge. In this way, the master battery module 210 and the first slave battery module 220 can be realized 1 The seamless switching between the two, namely, the power supply to the load 10 can be maintained in the switching process, and the load is ensured not to be powered off, which is helpful for enhancing the user experience. Meanwhile, the switching mode makes full use of devices of the BMS of the battery module, and an auxiliary circuit is not additionally arranged, so that the cost benefit of the product is ensured, and the competitiveness of the product is improved.
Similarly, the master battery management system may implement the slave usage of the first slave battery module 220 in the same manner 1 Seamless switching to use the second slave battery module 220 2 The load 10 is powered. Particularly, by means of the CAN communication topology, the master battery management system CAN send instructions through the CAN bus to instruct the battery management systems of the slave battery modules to perform on-off control on the respective MOS tubes.
It is contemplated that the control method and power supply system of the present invention may be applied to portable energy storage products (e.g., outdoor power supplies), and thus, the main power module 210 may be a battery inside the product, and the secondary battery module 220 may be a battery inside the product n The power module can be connected to the main power module 210 in parallel by hot plugging, thereby forming a parallel system. In such parallel systems, each battery needs to have an ID for self-identification to perform the corresponding function (e.g., shape)State detection and switching). Therefore, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the control method and power system of the present invention may also optionally have dynamic addressing capability, i.e., dynamic IDs may be assigned to battery modules within the parallel system according to parallel system changes, thereby increasing the flexibility of the system.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the dynamic addressing according to an alternative embodiment of the invention. As shown, a plurality of battery modules 410 1 -410 n (n is more than or equal to 1) are connected in parallel to the CAN bus, and each battery module 410 n With addressing input IN n And an addressed output terminal OUT n And the addressing input terminals of adjacent battery modules are electrically connected to the addressing output terminals. In other words, each battery module 410 n Addressing input IN n And an addressed output terminal OUT n Connecting in an end-to-end mode; as shown, a first battery module 410 1 Addressed output terminal OUT 1 Is connected to the second battery module 410 2 Addressing input IN 2 Second battery module 410 2 Addressed output terminal OUT 2 Is connected to the third battery module 410 3 Addressing input IN 3 … …, and so on. Last battery module 410 n Addressed output terminal OUT n Is not connected. First battery module 410 1 Addressing input IN 1 May be unconnected or may be connected to a fixed voltage source, and the present invention is not intended to be limited thereto. For example, if the first battery module 410 1 IN the case of a main power supply module, the power supply terminal of the battery management system can be used as the address input terminal IN at the same time 1 . In the non-addressing mode, each battery module 410 n May all output a low level.
Referring to fig. 5, a plurality of battery modules 410 may be implemented through sub-steps S510-S560 1 -410 n Dynamic addressing. In sub-step S510, the first battery module 410 may be caused to 1 Addressed output terminal OUT 1 And outputting a high level. In sub-step S520, the first battery module 410 1 An addressing information frame is broadcast over the CAN bus. Then, in sub-step S530, for othersBattery module 410 2 -410 n Each of (a) to (b): when the addressing input end receives a high level and the addressing output end outputs a low level and receives an addressing information frame, analyzing an address distributed in the addressing information frame and storing the address as a local address; replying an addressing success message; and causes the addressed output to output a high level. In sub-step S540, when the first battery module 410 1 And when the addressing success message is received, broadcasting the next addressing information frame. In sub-step S550, sub-steps S530 and S540 are iteratively performed until the first battery module 410 1 Until the addressing success message is not received within a predetermined period of time. Finally, in sub-step S560, the first battery module 410 1 And broadcasting an addressing end instruction on the CAN bus so that all the battery modules output low level at the respective addressing output ends.
Therefore, the dynamic addressing principle can be sequentially carried out from the main battery module to the outside, when the addressing input signal of the main battery module is pulled high and the addressing output signal outputs low level, the addressing broadcast frame sent by the main battery module is received, the addressing is judged to be carried out for the main battery module, and the address distributed in the protocol is analyzed and stored; and after the execution is finished, replying a message that the addressing of the main battery module is successful, pulling up the addressing output line, and executing the addressing of the next battery module. When the main battery module does not receive a reply for more than a preset time period (for example, 500ms), the addressing is considered to be finished, and an addressing end instruction is broadcasted, so that all the battery modules pull down the addressing output end.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the control method and the power supply system of the present invention may further have an address conflict detection capability.
Referring to fig. 6, a plurality of battery modules 410 may be implemented through sub-steps S610-S640 1 -410 n Address collision detection. Assume that the first battery module 410 1 Being a main battery module, other battery modules 410 2 -410 n Is a slave battery module. In step S610, the slave battery module 410 2 -410 n Each of which may send address data frames via the CAN bus. Address data frameThe address of the battery module may be included. In step S620, each slave battery module may receive address data frames transmitted from other slave battery modules via the CAN bus. In step S630, each slave battery module compares the address in the received address data frame with its own address. In step S640, when the address in the received address data frame coincides with its own address, the slave battery module transmits the address to the master battery module 410 via the CAN bus 1 An address conflict alert is sent. The collision detection process may be periodically performed or performed when a new battery module is connected in parallel to a plurality of battery modules. Main battery module 410 1 After receiving the address collision warning, a dynamic addressing process as described above may be performed.
Due to the characteristics of the portable energy storage product, in the charging and discharging process of the parallel system, the action of manually adding a group of batteries or reducing a group of batteries can be frequently generated, and the address conflict detection function can ensure that the problem of abnormal switching or non-switching cannot occur in the hot plugging process.
Up to this point, a control method for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel and a corresponding power supply system according to the present invention have been described. The invention has the advantages that: 1) the problem of need rely on current limiting circuit to carry out many batteries parallelly connected is solved, the inside circulation of battery has thoroughly been solved simultaneously: the invention relies on the battery pack to control the switches of the charging circuit and the discharging circuit to complete parallel control, thereby saving cost, avoiding energy consumption caused by battery circulation, realizing seamless switching between the battery packs and continuously supplying power by LOAD; 2) the problem that setting of addresses of all slaves needs to depend on dial switches under one-master multi-slave communication topology is solved: the invention uses the dynamic addressing technology, does not need to add a dial switch, ensures the uniformity of software and hardware of the power-on battery pack, and does not influence the ID design of products; 3) the problem of the parallelly connected upper limit of battery among the traditional parallel mode is solved: the invention uses CAN communication technology, uses a one-master multi-slave communication topological structure, theoretically has no upper limit on the number of parallel battery packs, has an address conflict detection function, and CAN ensure the real-time performance of battery switching and the safety of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes because the switching time between any two batteries in a parallel system is a certain value and cannot be increased due to the increase of the number of parallel batteries because the required time is a certain value; 4) the invention adds the address conflict detection function on the traditional dynamic addressing function, and because of the characteristics of the portable energy storage product, the action of artificially adding a group of batteries or reducing a group of batteries can often occur in the charging and discharging process of the parallel system, and the address conflict detection function can ensure that the abnormal switching or the non-switching problem can not occur in the hot plugging process.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described embodiments (and/or aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the various embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope thereof. While the dimensions and types of materials described herein are intended to define the parameters of the various embodiments of the invention, the various embodiments are not intended to be limiting, but rather are exemplary embodiments. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of various embodiments of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

Claims (16)

1. A control method for a plurality of battery modules connected in parallel, wherein a battery management system of each of the plurality of battery modules is communicatively connected via a CAN bus, the plurality of battery modules including at least a first battery module and a second battery module, the control method comprising:
an obtaining step, during the period of using the first battery module to supply power to a load, obtaining the states of the plurality of battery modules through the CAN bus by a main battery management system; and
and a control step of controlling, by the master battery management system, on/off states of the charging circuit and the discharging circuit of the first battery module and the second battery module when states of the plurality of battery modules satisfy a preset switching condition, so that the load is powered by switching from using the first battery module to using the second battery module.
2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the first battery module comprises a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube which are connected in series, the first MOS tube is used for switching on and off a charging loop of the first battery module, and the second MOS tube is used for switching on and off a discharging loop of the first battery module;
the second battery module comprises a third MOS tube and a fourth MOS tube which are connected in series, the third MOS tube is used for switching on and off a charging loop of the second battery module, and the fourth MOS tube is used for switching on and off a discharging loop of the second battery module; and is
During the period of using the first battery module to supply power to the load, the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube are closed, and the third MOS tube and the fourth MOS tube are opened.
3. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that the control step includes:
disconnecting the first MOS tube;
closing the fourth MOS tube;
disconnecting the second MOS tube; and
and closing the third MOS tube.
4. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the master battery management system is a battery management system of the first battery module, and the master battery management system is capable of sending a command through the CAN bus to instruct a battery management system of the second battery module to perform on-off control of the third MOS transistor and the fourth MOS transistor.
5. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of battery modules further includes a third battery module, the master battery management system is a battery management system of the third battery module, and the master battery management system is capable of sending an instruction to instruct respective battery management systems of the first battery module and the second battery module to perform on-off control of the first, second, third, and fourth MOS transistors through the CAN bus.
6. The control method of claim 1, wherein each battery module of the plurality of battery modules has an addressing input and an addressing output, the addressing input of an adjacent battery module is electrically connected to the addressing output and the addressing output of each battery module outputs a low level, the control method further comprising the step of addressing, the step of addressing comprising:
a) enabling the addressed output end of the first battery module to output a high level;
b) broadcasting, by the first battery module, an addressing information frame on the CAN bus;
c) for each of the other battery modules:
when the addressing input end receives a high level and the addressing output end outputs a low level and receives the addressing information frame, analyzing the address distributed in the addressing information frame and storing the address as a local address;
replying an addressing success message; and is
Enabling the addressing output end to output high level;
d) when the first battery module receives the addressing success message, broadcasting a next addressing information frame;
e) iteratively performing substeps c) and d) until the addressing success message is not received by the first battery module within a predetermined period of time; and
f) and broadcasting an addressing end instruction on the CAN bus by the first battery module so that all the battery modules output low levels at respective addressing output ends.
7. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the first battery module is a main battery module, and the control method further comprises a collision detection step including:
by each of the plurality of battery modules except for the first battery module:
sending an address data frame via the CAN bus, the address data frame including an address of the battery module;
receiving address data frames sent by other battery modules through the CAN bus;
comparing the address in the received address data frame with its own address; and is
When the address in the received address data frame coincides with its own address, an address collision warning is sent to the first battery module via the CAN bus.
8. The control method according to claim 7, wherein the collision detection step is performed periodically, or when a new battery module is connected in parallel to the plurality of battery modules.
9. A power supply system characterized by comprising a plurality of battery modules and a CAN bus, the plurality of battery modules being connected in parallel with each other, a battery management system of each of the plurality of battery modules being communicatively connected via the CAN bus, the plurality of battery modules including at least a first battery module and a second battery module, the main battery management system of the power supply system being configured to:
acquiring states of the plurality of battery modules through the CAN bus during the power supply of a load using the first battery module; and
and when the states of the plurality of battery modules meet a preset switching condition, controlling the on-off states of the charging loops and the discharging loops of the first battery module and the second battery module so as to switch from using the first battery module to using the second battery module to supply power to the load.
10. The power supply system of claim 9, wherein:
the first battery module comprises a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube which are connected in series, the first MOS tube is used for switching on and off a charging loop of the first battery module, and the second MOS tube is used for switching on and off a discharging loop of the first battery module;
the second battery module comprises a third MOS tube and a fourth MOS tube which are connected in series, the third MOS tube is used for switching on and off a charging loop of the second battery module, and the fourth MOS tube is used for switching on and off a discharging loop of the second battery module; and is
During the period of using the first battery module to supply power to the load, the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube are closed, and the third MOS tube and the fourth MOS tube are opened.
11. The power supply system according to claim 10, wherein when the states of the plurality of battery modules satisfy a preset switching condition, the master battery management system is further configured to:
disconnecting the first MOS tube;
closing the fourth MOS tube;
disconnecting the second MOS tube; and
and closing the third MOS tube.
12. The power supply system according to claim 10, wherein the master battery management system is a battery management system of the first battery module, and the master battery management system is capable of sending a command through the CAN bus to instruct a battery management system of the second battery module to perform on-off control of the third MOS transistor and the fourth MOS transistor.
13. The power system of claim 10, wherein the plurality of battery modules further includes a third battery module, the master battery management system is a battery management system of the third battery module, and the master battery management system is capable of sending instructions over the CAN bus to instruct respective battery management systems of the first battery module and the second battery module to turn on and off the first, second, third, and fourth MOS transistors.
14. The power system of claim 9, wherein each battery module of the plurality of battery modules has an addressing input and an addressing output, the addressing input of an adjacent battery module is electrically connected to the addressing output and the addressing output of each battery module outputs a low level, the power system configured to perform an addressing operation comprising:
a) enabling the addressed output end of the first battery module to output a high level;
b) broadcasting, by the first battery module, an addressing information frame on the CAN bus;
c) for each of the other battery modules:
when the addressing input end receives a high level and the addressing output end outputs a low level and receives the addressing information frame, analyzing the address distributed in the addressing information frame and storing the address as a local address;
replying an addressing success message; and is
Enabling the addressing output end to output high level;
d) when the first battery module receives the addressing success message, broadcasting a next addressing information frame;
e) iteratively performing substeps c) and d) until the first battery module has not received the addressing success message within a predetermined period of time; and
f) and broadcasting an addressing end instruction on the CAN bus by the first battery module so that all the battery modules output low levels at respective addressing output ends.
15. The power system of claim 9, wherein the first battery module is a main battery module and the power system is configured to perform a collision detection operation comprising:
by each of the plurality of battery modules except for the first battery module:
sending an address data frame via the CAN bus, the address data frame including an address of the battery module;
receiving address data frames sent by other battery modules through the CAN bus;
comparing the address in the received address data frame with its own address; and is
When the address in the received address data frame coincides with its own address, an address conflict warning is sent to the first battery module via the CAN bus.
16. The power supply system of claim 15, wherein the power supply system is configured to periodically perform the collision detection operation or perform the collision detection operation when a new battery module is connected in parallel to the plurality of battery modules.
CN202210805550.5A 2022-07-08 2022-07-08 Control method for multiple battery modules connected in parallel and power supply system Pending CN114976319A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116074356A (en) * 2023-03-29 2023-05-05 江苏纳通能源技术有限公司 Energy storage battery parallel communication self-networking and terminal self-matching method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116074356A (en) * 2023-03-29 2023-05-05 江苏纳通能源技术有限公司 Energy storage battery parallel communication self-networking and terminal self-matching method
CN116074356B (en) * 2023-03-29 2023-06-16 江苏纳通能源技术有限公司 Energy storage battery parallel communication self-networking and terminal self-matching method

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