CN114967102B

CN114967102B - Supporting structure and large-caliber reflection type telescope

Info

Publication number: CN114967102B
Application number: CN202210679638.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范文强; 王建立; 李洪文; 王志臣; 曹玉岩
Original assignee: Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
Current assignee: Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
Priority date: 2022-06-16
Filing date: 2022-06-16
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-16
Also published as: CN114967102A

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the field of optical instruments, and discloses a supporting structure and a large-caliber reflective telescope, wherein the large-caliber reflective telescope comprises a telescope main body and a tracking frame, the telescope main body comprises the supporting structure, the supporting structure comprises a main mirror chamber, a ring beam assembly and a lens cone, the main mirror chamber comprises a first bolt ball and a first truss rod assembly, a plurality of first bolt balls and a plurality of first truss rod assemblies are spliced to form a space truss, the lengths of the first truss rod assemblies positioned at different space positions are different, the ring beam assembly comprises a ring beam frame, a mounting seat and a connecting rib, the mounting seat is connected with the ring beam frame through the connecting rib, the lens cone comprises a plurality of second bolt balls and a plurality of second truss rod assemblies, the first ends of the second truss rod assemblies are connected with the main mirror chamber, the other ends of the second bolt balls are connected with the ring beam frame through threads, the supporting structure utilizes a bolt ball connection mode, the expansion of the larger-caliber supporting structure is facilitated, the standardization of machining is facilitated, and the reuse rate is higher.

Description

Supporting structure and large-caliber reflection type telescope

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of optical instruments, in particular to a supporting structure and a large-caliber reflective telescope.

Background

The optical system of the telescope is broadly divided into a refractive type, a reflective type and a catadioptric type. The refractive optical system using the lens as the objective lens has a long focal length, and the whole structure of the telescope is slender due to the limit of processing and supporting assembly processes, so that the optical aperture cannot be made very large. In order to ensure the relative position relationship of each optical component in the reflective optical system so as to avoid the generation of optical aberration of the system, a main optical system supporting structure meeting the requirement of precision indexes needs to be designed, wherein the main optical system supporting structure comprises a main mirror chamber for providing a high rigidity base for a main mirror and a lens cone for ensuring the relative position of a main mirror and a secondary mirror, and the main mirror chamber and the lens cone are connected through a four-way middle block to form the reflective optical system.

The main mirror chamber has two structural forms of welding and casting of a box body, but the main mirror chamber with the structural form is often heavier, is not beneficial to weight reduction and balancing of the whole system, and is generally used for small and medium-sized telescopes. The lens cone has two kinds of thin-wall cylinder type and truss type, the thin-wall cylinder type lens cone is generally used for small and medium-sized telescopes due to good dustproof and stray light blocking performance, and the thin-wall cylinder structure is often too heavy for large telescopes, so that the truss type lens cone is mostly adopted, the thermal capacity and the wind load are reduced on the basis of structural lightweight, ventilation is facilitated, and the atmospheric seeing degree of an observation room is improved. In addition, the truss type lens barrel generally adopts a welding or hinging mode to realize the spatial connection between the truss rods at present, the welding connection mode of the truss is simple, but the space truss is not easy to disassemble and expand the support of the optical system with larger caliber, and the expansion and the transformation of the truss structure are usually required to be remachined, so that the period and the cost are increased. The articulated mode can realize the connection between each truss rod in the truss structure in a flexible way through designing different mechanical adaptor, has solved the welded connection mode and has dismantled inconveniently, the problem that the truss expansion cost is high. For the small-caliber optical system supporting truss, the number of truss rods is small, correspondingly, the number of required mechanical adapters is small, the increase of the processing and manufacturing cost of various nonstandard adapters is not obvious, and the space truss assembling process is not excessively complicated. However, with the continuous increase and expansion of the aperture of the reflective optical system, the number of truss rods increases geometrically, which brings about a significant increase in the processing and manufacturing cost of the non-standard adapters, and also brings about a huge workload for the classification and labeling of each non-standard adapter in the space truss assembly process, and the fine classification deviation may cause a significant error in the space truss assembly, and the trial-and-error cost is too high, which is not favorable for the complex assembly and expansion of the support truss of the reflective optical system with a very large aperture.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a support structure, which aims to solve the technical problems of numerous space truss mechanical adapters, low reuse rate and complex assembly classification suitable for large-caliber telescopes.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the utility model provides a supporting structure, is applicable to heavy-calibre reflection formula telescope, supporting structure includes main mirror room, ring beam subassembly and lens cone, and the main mirror room includes the first bolt ball of a plurality of and the first truss pole subassembly of a plurality of, every first bolt ball all is provided with the first screw hole that two at least space angles are different, and is a plurality of first bolt ball and a plurality of first truss pole subassembly concatenation forms the space truss, is located different spatial position the length of first truss pole subassembly is different, the ring beam subassembly includes ring beam frame, mount pad and a plurality of splice bar subassembly, the mount pad is through a plurality of the splice bar with the ring beam frame is connected, the lens cone includes a plurality of second bolt ball and a plurality of second truss pole subassembly, and a plurality of second bolt ball encircles the periphery setting of ring beam frame, and with the ring beam frame is connected, every second bolt ball all is provided with at least one second screw hole, a plurality of second truss pole subassembly encircles the periphery setting of main mirror room, the first end of second truss pole subassembly with the first bolt ball of main mirror room or the first truss pole subassembly of the other end of truss pole subassembly connection.

Preferably, the space truss is of a single-layer structure and is arranged in an inverted step shape.

Preferably, the space truss is of a double-layer structure and is arranged in an inverted cone shape.

Preferably, every first truss pole subassembly all includes connecting rod and coupling assembling, coupling assembling is provided with two, two coupling assembling sets up respectively the connecting rod both ends, the inside cavity of connecting rod sets up, coupling assembling includes bolt, shrouding, sleeve and pin, the shrouding sets up the tip of connecting rod, the bolt sets up shrouding one side inwards, and pass the shrouding stretches out the connecting rod with first bolt ball is connected, the telescope tube cover is established on the bolt, just be provided with the third screw hole on the sleeve, the extending direction of third screw hole with the extending direction of bolt is perpendicular, the pin is installed in the third screw hole, and with the bolt butt, different spatial position the length of connecting rod is different, and different spatial position telescopic length is different.

Preferably, the sealing plate is welded to the connecting rod.

Preferably, the structure of the second truss rod assembly connected with the first bolt ball on the periphery of the main mirror chamber is consistent with that of the first truss rod assembly, the second truss rod assembly connected with the first truss rod assembly on the periphery of the main mirror chamber is provided with a connecting assembly at one end of a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is welded with the connecting rod of the first truss rod assembly.

Preferably, the lens barrel further comprises a fastener, a mounting hole is formed in the frame of the ring beam, and the fastener penetrates through the mounting hole to be connected with the second bolt ball.

Preferably, the splice bar is the setting of V font, the splice bar includes tip and two stabilizer blades, end connection to the inside wall of splice bar ring beam frame, two the splice bar stabilizer blade is connected to respectively the splice bar mount pad.

Preferably, the connecting rib ring beam frame is arranged in a hexagon shape, the number of the connecting ribs is six, and the end parts of the six connecting ribs are respectively located at six public end points of the connecting rib ring beam frame.

Preferably, the number of the second bolt balls is six, and the six second bolt balls are arranged at the bottom of the connecting rib ring beam frame and are respectively located at six common end points of the connecting rib ring beam frame.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a large-aperture reflection telescope, which comprises a telescope main body and a tracking frame, wherein the telescope main body comprises a primary mirror, a secondary mirror or a terminal assembly and a supporting structure, the supporting structure adopts the supporting structure, the primary mirror is installed on a primary mirror chamber, the secondary mirror or the terminal assembly is installed on an installation seat, the primary mirror chamber is installed on the tracking frame, and the tracking frame is used for driving the telescope main body to perform pitching motion and azimuth rotation motion.

The support structure provided by the invention has the following advantages:

firstly, a truss structure type main mirror chamber of the supporting structure provides a high-rigidity stable foundation for the main mirror, so that the fixing and the holding of the relative position of the main mirror and the secondary mirror are realized, a four-way structure commonly used for connecting a lens cone and the main mirror chamber is cancelled, the lens cone and the main mirror chamber are optimized and integrated into an integral truss structure, so that the supporting structure is more compact and lighter, the lens cone is connected with the main mirror chamber, the fixing and the holding of the position between the secondary mirror or a terminal assembly and the main mirror are realized through the transmission of a ring beam assembly, and the micro adjustment of the secondary mirror or the terminal assembly is realized through the ring beam assembly.

Secondly, the supporting structure can design the first truss rod assembly and the second truss rod assembly into standard parts with various specifications, the splicing of the first truss rod assembly is realized through a plurality of first bolt balls, the splicing of the second truss rod assembly is realized through a plurality of second bolt balls, the bolt ball connection mode replaces the welding connection between the truss rods and the common mechanical adapter mode, the bolt balls with screw holes of different spatial angles in a unified specification are used as the standardized mechanical adapter mode, the expansion of the larger-caliber supporting structure is facilitated, the standardization of the mechanical processing of the first truss rod assembly and the second truss rod assembly is facilitated, the connecting structure is more standardized, the assembly classification is simpler, the expandability is higher, when the larger-caliber telescope is expanded, the large-scale modification is not needed by the supporting structure, the reprocessing only needs to be directly expanded on the basis of the original truss structure, the construction and construction cost for upgrading and transforming the expansion into the larger-caliber telescope is reduced, and the external field disassembly transportation and general assembly integration of the larger-caliber telescope structure are facilitated.

The large-aperture reflection telescope provided by the invention has a more compact overall structure and higher expandability.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a support structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the primary mirror chamber of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the primary mirror chamber of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is an enlarged view of B in fig. 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers indicate:

10. a main mirror chamber; 11. a first bolt ball; 111. a first threaded hole; 12. a first truss bar assembly; 121. a connecting rod; 122. a bolt; 123. closing the plate; 124. a sleeve; 20. a ring beam assembly; 21. a ring beam frame; 211. mounting holes; 22. a mounting seat; 23. connecting ribs; 231. an end portion; 232. a support leg; 30. a lens barrel; 31. a second bolt ball; 32. a second truss bar assembly; 34. a fastener; 40. a pitch axis system; 50. a primary mirror.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back ...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

It will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, it is a supporting structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a supporting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a main mirror room 10, a ring beam assembly 20, and a lens barrel 30, the main mirror room 10 includes a plurality of first bolt balls 11 and a plurality of first truss rod assemblies 12, each of the first bolt balls 11 is provided with at least two first threaded holes 111 with different spatial angles, one end of each of the first truss rod assemblies 12 is in threaded connection with one of the first bolt balls 11, and the other end of each of the first bolt balls 11 is in threaded connection with another one of the first bolt balls 11, the plurality of first bolt balls 11 and the plurality of first truss rod assemblies 12 are spliced to form a space truss, the lengths of the first truss rod assemblies 12 located at different spatial positions are different, the ring beam assembly 20 includes a ring beam frame 21, a mounting seat 22 and a plurality of connecting ribs 23, the mounting seat 22 is connected to the ring beam frame 21 through the plurality of connecting ribs 23, the lens barrel 30 includes a plurality of second bolt balls 31 and a plurality of second truss rod assemblies 32, the plurality of second bolt balls 31 are disposed around the periphery of the ring beam frame 21 and connected to the ring beam frame 21, each of the second bolt ball assemblies 31 is disposed around the periphery of the main mirror room 10, and the other end of the second bolt ball assembly 12 is not shown in the main mirror room 10, and the second truss rod assembly 32.

In use, the primary mirror 50 is mounted on the primary mirror chamber 10, the secondary mirror or terminal assembly is mounted on the mounting block 22, and the pitch axis system 40 is mounted on both sides of the primary mirror chamber 10.

The supporting structure of the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

firstly, the truss structure type primary mirror chamber 10 of the support structure provides a high-rigidity stable foundation for the primary mirror 50, so that the fixing and holding of the relative position of the primary mirror 50 and the secondary mirror are realized, a four-way structure commonly used for connecting the lens barrel 30 and the primary mirror chamber 10 is eliminated, the lens barrel 30 and the primary mirror chamber 10 are optimized and integrated into an integral truss structure, so that the support structure is more compact and lighter, the lens barrel 30 is connected with the primary mirror chamber 10, the fixing and holding of the position between the secondary mirror or the terminal assembly and the primary mirror 50 are realized through the transmission of the ring beam assembly 20, and the ring beam assembly 20 realizes the micro-adjustment of the secondary mirror or the terminal assembly.

Secondly, the first truss rod assembly 12 and the second truss rod assembly 32 can be designed into standard parts of several specifications by the supporting structure, the splicing of the first truss rod assembly 12 is realized through the first bolt balls 11, the splicing of the second truss rod assembly 32 is realized through the second bolt balls 31, the bolt ball connection mode replaces the welding connection between the truss rods and the common mechanical adapter mode, the bolt balls with uniform specifications but different space angle screw holes are used as the standard mechanical adapter mode, the expanding of a larger-caliber supporting structure is facilitated, the standardization of the mechanical processing of the first truss rod assembly 12 and the second truss rod assembly 32 is facilitated, the connecting structure is more standardized, the assembly classification is simpler, the expandability is higher, when the expanding of a larger-caliber telescope is performed, the large-scale modification is not needed by the supporting structure of the embodiment of the invention, the reprocessing only needs to be directly performed on the basis of the original truss structure, the construction and building cost for upgrading and transforming the expanding into the larger-caliber telescope are reduced, and the external field disassembly transportation and the general assembly integration of the larger-caliber telescope are facilitated.

It is to be understood that the space truss may have a single-layered structure, or may have a double-layered or multi-layered structure, the number and shape of the space truss, the number of first truss rod assemblies 12, and the number of first bolt balls 11 are not particularly limited herein.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the space truss is a single-layer structure, and the space truss is arranged in a substantially inverted step shape. The top surface of the main mirror chamber 10 is a hexagonal plane, the interior of the hexagonal plane is divided into four triangular planes and three quadrilateral planes, the common end points of the adjacent triangular planes and quadrilateral planes share the same first bolt ball 11, the common sides of the adjacent triangular planes and quadrilateral planes share the same first truss rod assembly 12, the bottom surface of the main mirror chamber 10 is a triangular plane, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the main mirror chamber 10 are connected through a plurality of first truss rod assemblies 12.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the space truss is a double-layer structure, the space truss is roughly arranged in an inverted cone shape, the top surface of the first layer structure is a hexagonal plane, the interior of the hexagonal plane is divided into a plurality of triangles, the common end points of adjacent triangular planes share the same first bolt ball 11, the common edges of adjacent triangular planes share the same first truss rod assembly 12, the bottom surface of the first layer structure is a quadrilateral plane, the bottom surface of the first layer structure is used as the top surface of the second layer structure, and the bottom surface of the second layer structure is used as the first bolt ball 11.

Referring to fig. 2 to 6, each first truss rod assembly 12 illustratively includes two connecting rods 121 and two connecting assemblies, the two connecting assemblies are respectively disposed at two ends of the connecting rod 121, the connecting rod 121 is disposed in a hollow manner, the connecting assemblies include bolts 122, a sealing plate 123, a sleeve 124 and a pin (not shown), the sealing plate 123 is disposed at an end 231 of the connecting rod 121, the bolts 122 are disposed at an inward side of the sealing plate 123, and extends out of the connecting rod 121 through the sealing plate 123 to connect with the first bolt ball 11, the sleeve 124 is sleeved on the bolt 122, and the sleeve 124 is provided with a third threaded hole, the extension direction of which is perpendicular to the extension direction of the bolt 122, and the pin is installed in the third threaded hole, and abutting bolt 122, the length of connecting rod 121 of first truss bar assembly 12 at different spatial positions is different, and the lengths of the sleeves 124 of the first truss rod assemblies 12 at different spatial positions are different, the support structure of the embodiment of the present invention achieves a high-strength reliable connection between the links 121 in the space truss by means of the high-strength bolts 122, the actual connection length of the connecting rod 121 is adjusted by the sleeves 124 with different lengths, so that the accurate position connection and fastening of each first bolt ball 11 node in the space truss are ensured, the primary adjusting link is added, the overall installation and adjustment difficulty of the space truss structure is reduced, the connection over-constraint is avoided, and in other words, the problem that the first bolt balls 11 of all nodes of the space truss cannot be tightly connected to realize space force system closed loop due to length deviation of the connecting rods 121 is compensated through the sleeves 124 with different lengths, the spherical switching nodes are matched with the connecting rods 121, force systems of all rods are intersected in the sphere center, force applied by all rods to the spherical switching piece can be offset and combined conveniently, and force system transmission and stress conditions of the spherical switching piece are facilitated. In addition, the pin is connected with the high-strength bolt 122 through a screw hole on the sleeve 124, so that the bolt 122 in the connecting rod 121 is screwed and disassembled with the first bolt ball 11 through adjusting the pin, and a complete space truss is built.

Optionally, the closing plate 123 is welded to the connecting rod 121 to complete the sealing of the openings at both sides of the connecting rod 121, and two high-strength bolts 122 are oppositely placed in the hollow connecting rod 121 before the welding and sealing of the hollow connecting rod 121 are completed, so as to meet the connection between the hollow connecting rod 121 and the bolt holes on the bolt balls.

It should be noted that, when the first end of the second truss rod assembly 32 is connected to the first bolt ball 11 at the outer periphery of the main mirror chamber 10, the structure of the second truss rod assembly 32 is substantially identical to that of the first truss rod assembly 12, except for the length of the connecting rod 121, and the length of the connecting rod 121 is adaptively adjusted according to the spatial position.

When the first end of the second truss rod assembly 32 is connected with the first truss rod assembly 12 at the periphery of the main mirror chamber 10, the second truss rod assembly 32 is only provided with a connecting assembly at the second end, and one end of the connecting rod 121 of the second truss rod assembly 32, which is far away from the ring beam frame 21, is directly welded with the connecting rod 121 of the first truss rod assembly 12.

Referring to fig. 1, by way of example, the lens barrel 30 further includes a fastener 34, a mounting hole 211 is formed in the ring beam frame 21, the fastener 34 passes through the mounting hole 211 to be connected with a second threaded hole of the second bolt ball 31, and the lens barrel 30 and the ring beam assembly 20 are designed to be detachably connected, so that later maintenance and recycling are facilitated.

Of course, the second bolt ball 31 and the ring beam frame 21 may be connected by other connection methods, such as welding.

Optionally, the fastener 34 is a connecting screw. Further, a gasket is arranged between the fastener 34 and the ring beam frame 21.

Referring to fig. 1, each connecting rib 23 is disposed in a V-shape, and includes an end 231 and two legs 232, the end 231 of the connecting rib 23 is connected to an inner corner of the ring beam frame 21, and the two legs 232 are respectively connected to the mounting seat 22.

Optionally, the ends 231 of the tie bars 23 are welded to the ring beam rim 21.

It will be appreciated that the ribs 23 may also be arranged directly in a line configuration.

Further, the ring beam frame 21 is hexagonal, the number of the connecting ribs 23 is six, and the end portions 231 of the six connecting ribs 23 are respectively located at six common end points of the ring beam frame 21.

It will be appreciated that the ring beam rim 21 is not limited to being in a hexagonal arrangement. For example, may be arranged in a pentagonal configuration.

When the ring beam frame 21 is arranged in a hexagon, the second truss rod assemblies 32 are connected to the common end points of the hexagon through the second bolt balls 31, and the number of the second truss rod assemblies 32 at each common end point may be different, for example, one common end point is connected with one second truss rod assembly 32, the other common end point is connected with two second truss rod assemblies 32, and the other common end point is connected with three second truss rod assemblies 32.

Referring to fig. 1-6, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a large-aperture reflective telescope, which includes a telescope main body and a tracking frame, wherein the telescope main body includes a primary mirror 50, a secondary mirror or a terminal assembly, and a supporting structure, the supporting structure is the supporting structure as described above, the primary mirror 50 is installed on a primary mirror chamber 10, the secondary mirror or the terminal assembly is installed on a mounting seat 22, the primary mirror chamber 10 is installed on the tracking frame, the tracking frame is used for driving the telescope main body to perform a pitching motion and an azimuth rotating motion, and the tracking frame includes a pitching axis system 40 and an azimuth axis system (not shown).

The large-aperture reflection telescope provided by the embodiment of the invention has a more compact overall structure and higher expandability.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied to the present invention, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supporting structure is suitable for a large-aperture reflection telescope and is characterized by comprising a main mirror chamber, a ring beam assembly and a lens cone, wherein the main mirror chamber comprises a plurality of first bolt balls and a plurality of first truss rod assemblies, each first bolt ball is provided with at least two first threaded holes with different space angles, the first bolt balls and the first truss rod assemblies are spliced to form a space truss, the lengths of the first truss rod assemblies positioned at different space positions are different, the ring beam assembly comprises a ring beam frame, a mounting seat and a plurality of connecting ribs, the mounting seat is connected with the ring beam frame through the connecting ribs, the lens cone comprises a plurality of second bolt balls and a plurality of second truss rod assemblies, the second bolt balls are arranged around the periphery of the ring beam frame and connected with the ring beam frame, each second bolt ball is provided with at least one second threaded hole, the second bolt balls are arranged around the periphery of the main mirror chamber, a first end of each second bolt ball is connected with the first truss rod assembly or the periphery of the main mirror chamber, and the other end of the first truss rod assembly is connected with the main mirror chamber through the bolt balls and the second truss rod assembly;

every first truss pole subassembly all includes connecting rod and coupling assembling, coupling assembling is provided with two, two coupling assembling sets up respectively the connecting rod both ends, the inside cavity of connecting rod sets up, coupling assembling includes bolt, shrouding, sleeve and pin, the shrouding sets up the tip of connecting rod, the bolt sets up shrouding one side inwards, and passes the shrouding stretches out the connecting rod with first bolt ball is connected, the telescope sleeve is established on the bolt, just be provided with the third screw hole on the sleeve, the extending direction of third screw hole with the extending direction of bolt is perpendicular, the pin is installed in the third screw hole, and with the bolt butt, different spatial position the connecting rod length is different, and different spatial position telescopic length is different.

2. The support structure of claim 1, wherein the space truss is a single-layer structure, and the space truss is arranged in an inverted terrace shape; or the space truss is of a double-layer structure and is arranged in an inverted cone shape.

3. The support structure of claim 1, wherein the closure plate is welded to the tie bar.

4. The support structure of claim 1, wherein the second truss rod assembly connected to the first bolt ball of the outer periphery of the main mirror housing has a structure identical to that of the first truss rod assembly, the second truss rod assembly connected to the first truss rod assembly of the outer periphery of the main mirror housing is provided with a connection assembly at one end of a connection rod, and the other end of the connection rod is welded to the connection rod of the first truss rod assembly.

5. The support structure of claim 1, wherein the lens barrel further comprises a fastener, and a mounting hole is formed in the ring beam rim, and the fastener passes through the mounting hole to be connected with the second bolt ball.

6. The support structure of claim 1, wherein the tie bar is disposed in a V-shape, the tie bar includes an end portion and two legs, the end portion is connected to an inner side wall of the frame of the tie bar ring beam, and the two legs are respectively connected to the tie bar mounting seats.

7. The support structure of claim 6, wherein the tie-bar loop beam frame is hexagonal in configuration, the tie-bar is provided in six, and ends of the six tie-bars are located at six common ends of the tie-bar loop beam frame, respectively.

8. The support structure of claim 7, wherein there are six of said second bolt balls, six of said second bolt balls being disposed at the bottom of said connector-bar loop-beam frame at six common ends of said connector-bar loop-beam frame, respectively.

9. A large aperture reflex telescope comprising a telescope body and a tracking frame, wherein the telescope body comprises a primary mirror, a secondary mirror or a terminal assembly, and a support structure, the support structure is the support structure of any one of claims 1 to 8, the primary mirror is mounted on the primary mirror chamber, the secondary mirror or the terminal assembly is mounted on the mount, the primary mirror chamber is mounted on the tracking frame, and the tracking frame is configured to drive the telescope body to perform pitching motion and azimuth rotation motion.