CN113970867B - Tower type camera structure applied to coaxial four-reflection optical system - Google Patents
Tower type camera structure applied to coaxial four-reflection optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113970867B CN113970867B CN202010720655.1A CN202010720655A CN113970867B CN 113970867 B CN113970867 B CN 113970867B CN 202010720655 A CN202010720655 A CN 202010720655A CN 113970867 B CN113970867 B CN 113970867B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
- G03B17/02—Bodies
- G03B17/17—Bodies with reflectors arranged in beam forming the photographic image, e.g. for reducing dimensions of camera
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tower type camera structure applied to a coaxial four-reflection optical system, which comprises a main three-mirror and a secondary mirror assembly integrated on the main three-mirror through a bearing tower; the force bearing tower is provided with four mirrors which are coaxially arranged with the secondary mirror assembly and the main three mirrors; the tower camera structure also comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate is assembled on the back surface of the main three mirrors through flexible supporting pieces; a focal plane assembly is assembled on one side of the substrate, which is far away from the main three mirrors; the bearing tower, the main three mirrors, the substrate and the flexible supporting piece are all formed with light-weight structures. The tower type camera structure improves the thermal stability and the structural stability, the secondary mirror cover, the flexible structure, the bearing tower, the main three mirrors, the four mirrors and the base plate are all made of beryllium aluminum alloy materials, and the reflecting mirror and the supporting structure are made of the same material, so that the optical system can realize the optimal athermalization effect and the good thermal and mechanical bearing performance. Meanwhile, the beryllium-aluminum alloy has the characteristics of small density, high rigidity and high specific rigidity, so that the space camera has good structural stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of space camera structures, in particular to a tower type camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system.
Background
At present, a space remote sensing optical system is developing towards a long focal length, a large width, a small volume and a light weight direction, and a reflection type optical system has the advantages of no chromatic aberration, small volume, light weight and the like and is widely applied to the space remote sensing system.
The reflection type system is mainly classified into an on-axis system and an off-axis system.
The off-axis reflection system has no blocking, large view field and high imaging quality, but has the defects of large volume and large installation and adjustment difficulty compared with the on-axis reflection system, and is not suitable for a smaller satellite platform and the integrated design of a load and the platform. In order to reduce the load volume and weight, many spatial radiosensitive systems mostly employ a coaxial reflection system. At present, a coaxial three-lens reflex system is commonly used in a space camera, and compared with a coaxial four-lens reflex system of the three-lens reflex system, the space camera has the following advantages: 1) The focal power shared by one reflector is increased, so that the whole size is smaller, and the structure of the camera is more compact; 2) The four reflectors have more parameter variables, and the phase difference correction capability is improved; 3) The flexibility of arrangement of the position and the structure of the aperture diaphragm and the intermediate phase surface is higher. Therefore, the coaxial four-reflection optical system has wide application prospect in the field of space remote sensing cameras.
The structural design of the space camera needs to face the following problems:
1) Structural stability: the camera structure can go through stages of installation, adjustment, transportation, emission, on-orbit operation and the like, and the camera structure must ensure that an optical system cannot be damaged under a series of complex mechanical environments, so that the optical-mechanical structure is required to have higher rigidity to ensure the relative position accuracy of optical elements;
2) Thermal stability: the space camera is processed and assembled in a room temperature environment, the on-orbit working environment of the space camera has a larger temperature difference with the ground environment, the optical machine structure is deformed due to the change of the temperature, the position of the focal plane of the optical system is changed, and the imaging quality is reduced, so that the improvement of the thermal stability of the camera structure is very important;
3) Size and weight requirements: in order to reduce the emission cost, high requirements are put on the overall size and weight of the camera structure, and the camera structure has the characteristics of compact structure and high integration in the overall size. In terms of quality, light weight design is required under the requirement of ensuring structural rigidity.
The space camera structure can be mainly divided into three structural forms according to a reflector supporting mode, the first structure is a thin-wall connecting cylinder type, the structural form has the characteristics of easiness in processing, easiness in assembly and adjustment and the like, but the requirement of high rigidity of a large space camera cannot be met, and a common connecting cylinder also has the function of serving as an outer shading cylinder and can reduce the thermal stability of the camera structure; the second type adopts a truss type camera structure, which has the characteristics of high specific rigidity and light weight, but the truss structure is generally arranged outside the camera, and when the camera receives external mechanical impact, the truss structure directly influences the support of the reflector, thereby influencing the optical system of the camera. The third kind is tower camera structure, and tower camera structure's optical element's support has all been arranged at inside camera structure and has been kept away from outside temperature environment and the mechanical environment of camera, has fine mechanical stability and thermal stability to the integrated degree of this kind of structure is high, can realize the mirror support and the integrated design of interior anti-dazzling screen, the lightweight degree and the integrated design degree of the space camera of improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tower type camera structure, which solves the problems of mechanical stability and thermal stability of a thin-wall connecting cylinder structure and a truss camera structure, and has the advantages of compact structure, high light weight degree and convenience in assembly and adjustment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-reflection optical system, which comprises:
a main three-mirror;
the secondary mirror assembly is integrated on one side of the reflecting surface of the main three mirrors through a bearing tower;
the secondary mirror assembly is coaxial with the primary third mirror, and the force bearing tower is provided with four mirrors which are coaxially arranged with the secondary mirror assembly and the primary third mirror;
this tower camera structure still includes:
a substrate;
the substrate is assembled on the back of the main three mirrors through a flexible support;
a focal plane assembly is assembled on one side of the substrate, which is far away from the main three mirrors;
the bearing tower, the main three mirrors, the substrate and the flexible supporting piece are all formed with light-weight structures.
Further, the secondary mirror assembly includes:
a secondary mirror cover; and
a secondary mirror embedded inside the secondary mirror housing;
one side of the secondary mirror cover facing the secondary mirror is provided with an annular boss;
the annular boss is coaxial with the optical axis of the secondary mirror, and an annular notch is formed at the joint of the annular boss and the secondary mirror;
three groups of first mounting platforms extending along the radial direction of the annular boss are arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular boss, and the three groups of first mounting platforms are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular boss;
three grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the secondary mirror cover are concavely formed at the upper end of the secondary mirror cover, and groove through holes are formed at the bottom of the grooves;
the first mounting platform is provided with a first through hole matched with the groove through hole;
the secondary mirror is fastened and fixed through a secondary mirror mounting screw assembled in the groove through hole and the first through hole;
the secondary mirror assembly further includes:
a flexible structure integrated on the back of the secondary mirror;
the secondary mirror assembly is fixedly assembled with the bearing tower through the flexible structure.
Furthermore, the flexible structure comprises two ring bodies which are distributed at intervals along the axis, namely an upper ring body of the flexible structure and a lower ring body of the flexible structure;
the sizes of the upper ring body and the lower ring body of the flexible structure are the same;
three groups of flexible legs which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flexible structure are connected between the upper ring body and the lower ring body of the flexible structure, and each group of flexible legs comprises two flexible legs;
the lower part of the flexible leg is integrated with the lower ring body of the flexible structure, and the upper part of the flexible leg extends towards the upper ring body of the flexible structure and is formed into a flexible link with a certain gap reserved between the upper ring body of the flexible structure and the upper ring body of the flexible structure;
each group of two flexible legs are symmetrically arranged and form an arch structure;
piezoelectric driving ceramics are integrated in the arch structure;
a first mounting platform mounting hole is formed in the position, coaxial with the piezoelectric driving ceramic, of the flexible structure upper ring body;
and a bearing tower assembly hole is formed in the part, located between two adjacent arch structures, of the lower ring body of the flexible structure.
Further, the messenger tower includes:
the secondary mirror assembly is assembled with the bearing tower at the bearing tower connecting flange body through the flexible structure;
the three triangular rib plates are fixedly connected with the force-bearing tower connecting flange body and extend towards the main three mirrors, and the three triangular rib plates are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the force-bearing tower connecting flange body;
the triangular rib plates are configured into obtuse-angle triangular rib plates, and the obtuse angles of the triangular rib plates face to the optical axis;
the triangular rib plate is provided with two triangular hollow structures to form a lightweight structure;
conical cylinders are formed on three sides of the lower parts of the three triangular rib plates, the diameters of the conical cylinders are gradually increased from top to bottom, and the conical cylinders are coaxial with the optical axis;
three shading rings are arranged in the conical cylinder at intervals along the axial direction of the conical cylinder;
three threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the upper end of the conical cylinder along the circumferential direction of the conical cylinder, and the four mirrors are assembled at the upper end of the conical cylinder through the threaded holes;
the lower end of the conical cylinder extends to form three mounting support legs, and the three mounting support legs are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower end face of the conical cylinder;
and the mounting support legs of the bearing tower penetrate through the three main mirrors and are assembled and fixed with the base plate.
Furthermore, a secondary mirror assembly mounting threaded hole for assembling the secondary mirror assembly is formed in the force-bearing tower connecting flange body along the circumferential direction of the force-bearing tower connecting flange body;
the three triangular rib plates and the secondary mirror assembly mounting screw holes are arranged in a 60-degree staggered mode.
Further, the back of the four mirrors is provided with a mounting disc, and an annular notch is formed at the joint of the mounting disc and the four mirrors;
three second mounting platforms extending along the radial direction of the mounting disc are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting disc;
the four mirrors are fixedly assembled with the upper end face of the conical cylinder through four mirror mounting screws;
a first strip light through hole is formed in the center of the four mirrors.
Further, the primary three mirrors are of a composite mirror body structure of the primary mirror and the three mirrors, and each primary three mirror comprises a primary mirror in an annular structure and three mirrors embedded in inner rings of the primary mirrors;
the inner ring of the primary mirror is superposed with the inner rings of the three mirrors, circular transition lines are formed on the reflecting surfaces of the primary mirror and the three mirrors, and three through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular transition lines;
the mounting support legs of the bearing tower are matched with the through holes;
the mounting support leg of the bearing tower is configured into an arc structure, and the through hole is configured into an arc hole;
a second strip light through hole is formed in the center of the three mirrors;
the second strip light through hole is coaxial with the first strip light through hole;
the back surface of the main mirror is formed into a lightweight structure through a triangular hollow structure, and the thickness of the main mirror is greater than that of the three mirrors;
the back of the three mirrors is provided with an L-shaped flange plate;
the L-shaped flange plate is provided with a first flange body extending towards the three mirrors and a second flange body formed at one end of the first flange body far away from the three mirrors, and the second flange body is of a circular ring structure;
the back surface of the main mirror is provided with six cylindrical mechanical interfaces;
three flexible supporting piece threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the second flange body along the circumferential direction of the second flange body;
each flexible support threaded hole and two cylindrical mechanical interfaces form a set of flexible support mechanical interfaces, and the flexible support mechanical interfaces are distributed in an isosceles triangle shape;
the end face of the cylindrical mechanical interface is flush with the end face of the second flange body.
Furthermore, the substrate is of a hexagonal structure and comprises three uniformly distributed long sides and three uniformly distributed short sides which are spaced from the long sides;
the substrate is assembled with an external camera and an assembly and adjustment tool through the mounting seat integrated at the short edge;
a circular light through hole is formed in the center of the substrate and is coaxial with the conical cylinder;
the substrate is formed into a lightweight structure through a polygonal hollow structure;
a trapezoidal sinking platform is formed at the upper end of the substrate in a sinking manner at a position close to the long edge, and the sinking depth of the trapezoidal sinking platform is one third of the thickness of the substrate;
a support leg mounting hole is formed in the upper surface of the base plate and close to the long edge, and a mounting support leg of the bearing tower penetrates through the through hole and is assembled with the base plate in the support leg mounting hole;
and a flexible support mounting hole group is formed on the side surface of the long edge of the substrate, and the flexible support is assembled at the flexible support mounting hole group of the substrate.
Further, the flexible support comprises a horizontal support part positioned at the upper part and a vertical support part supported below the horizontal support part and extending along the vertical direction;
the horizontal supporting part is configured into an isosceles triangle structure, and a horizontal supporting part interface matched with the mechanical interface of the flexible supporting part is arranged at the vertex of the horizontal supporting part;
the horizontal supporting part is formed into a lightweight structure through a hollow structure;
the vertical supporting part is in an isosceles trapezoid structure;
rod-shaped structures which are obliquely arranged are arranged on two sides of the vertical supporting part, and the joints of the rod-shaped structures and the horizontal supporting part are in transitional connection through two arc-shaped flexible links which are perpendicular to each other;
two flexible beams are symmetrically arranged inside the vertical supporting part, the two flexible beams and the bottom edge of the vertical supporting part form an isosceles triangle structure, and the top point of the isosceles triangle structure is cut off to form a plane;
the bottom edges of the flexible beam and the vertical supporting part are both provided with semicircular flexible links;
the middle axis of the vertical supporting part is provided with an annular flexible link which is respectively connected with the plane of the isosceles triangle and the bottom edge of the vertical supporting part through a beam with a through hole;
third mounting platforms are arranged on two sides of the vertical supporting part;
the arrangement of the beam with the through hole and the third mounting platform is located in one-to-one correspondence with the hole sites of the flexible support mounting hole group to form an assembly structure with the base plate.
Further, a mounting ring structure is formed at the upper part of the focal plane assembly;
four fourth mounting platforms extend from the mounting ring structure, and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring structure;
the focal plane assembly is assembled with the back of the substrate through the fourth mounting platform.
In the above technical solution, the tower camera structure applied to the coaxial four-mirror optical system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the tower type camera structure improves the thermal stability and the structural stability, the secondary mirror cover, the flexible structure, the bearing tower, the main three mirrors, the four mirrors and the base plate are all made of beryllium aluminum alloy materials, and the reflecting mirror and the supporting structure are made of the same material, so that the optical system can realize the optimal athermalization effect and the good thermal and mechanical bearing performance. Meanwhile, the beryllium-aluminum alloy has the characteristics of small density, high rigidity and high specific rigidity, so that the space camera has good structural stability.
The tower camera has the advantages of compact structure, light weight, high integration level and cost reduction.
The bearing tower integrates the functions of the secondary lens component support, the four-lens support and the inner shading cylinder, has the characteristics of compact structure and high integration degree, and has a plurality of parts which are designed in a light-weight structure, so that the whole weight of the space camera is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of a secondary mirror assembly of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a force-bearing tower of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of four mirrors of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflection surface of a main three-mirror of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a back surface of a main three-mirror of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a substrate of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible support applied to a tower camera structure of a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an exploded schematic view of an assembly relationship of a main three-mirror, a substrate and a flexible support member of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is an exploded view of a structure of an assembly relationship between a force-bearing tower and a base plate of a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-mirror optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1. a secondary mirror assembly; 2. a bearing tower; 3. four mirrors; 4. a main three-mirror; 5. a substrate; 6. a flexible support; 7. a focal plane assembly; 8. an annular incision;
101. a secondary mirror cover; 102. a secondary mirror; 103. a flexible structure; 104. mounting screws on the secondary mirror; 105. a piezoelectric driving ceramic;
10101. a groove; 10102. a groove through hole;
10201. an annular boss; 10202. a first mounting platform;
10301. a flexible structural upper ring body; 10302. a flexible structural lower ring body; 10303. an arch structure; 10304. a bearing tower assembly hole;
201. the bearing tower is connected with the flange body; 202. a triangular rib plate; 203. a conical cylinder; 204. mounting support legs;
20101. the secondary mirror assembly is provided with a threaded hole;
20201. an obtuse angle; 20202. a triangular hollow structure;
20301. a shading ring;
301. mounting screws for the four mirrors; 302. installing a disc; 303. a second mounting platform; 304. a first strip light through hole;
401. a primary mirror; 402. three mirrors; 403. a circular transition line; 404. perforating holes; 405. a second strip light through hole; 406. an L-shaped flange; 407. a flexible support threaded bore; 408. a cylindrical mechanical interface;
501. a long side; 502. a short side; 503. a mounting seat; 504. a trapezoidal sinking platform; 505. a polygonal hollow structure; 506. a circular light through hole; 507. a flexible support mounting hole set; 508. a leg mounting hole;
601. a horizontal support portion; 602. a vertical support;
60101. a horizontal support section interface; 60102. a hollow structure;
60201. a rod-like structure; 60202. a bottom edge; 60203. an arc-shaped flexible link; 60204. a semicircular flexible link; 60205. a flexible beam; 60206. an annular flexible link; 60207. a beam; 60208. and a third mounting platform.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
See fig. 1-11;
the invention relates to a tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-reflection optical system, which comprises:
a main three-mirror 4;
the secondary mirror assembly 1 is integrated on one side of the reflecting surface of the main three-mirror 4 through a bearing tower 2;
the secondary mirror assembly 1 is coaxial with the primary three-mirror 4, and the force bearing tower 2 is provided with a four-mirror 3 which is coaxial with the secondary mirror assembly 1 and the primary three-mirror 4;
this tower camera structure still includes:
a substrate 5;
the substrate 5 is assembled on the back of the main three-mirror 4 through a flexible support 6;
the side of the substrate 5 far away from the main three-mirror 4 is provided with a focal plane assembly 7;
the force bearing tower 2, the main three mirrors 4, the base plate 5 and the flexible supporting piece 6 are all formed with light-weight structures.
Preferably, the secondary mirror assembly 1 in the present embodiment includes:
a secondary mirror cover 101; and
a secondary mirror 102 embedded inside the secondary mirror housing 101;
the secondary mirror cover 101 has an annular boss 10201 on the side facing the secondary mirror 102;
the annular boss 10201 is coaxial with the optical axis of the secondary mirror 102, and an annular notch 8 is formed at the joint of the annular boss 10201 and the secondary mirror 102;
the circumference of the annular boss 10201 is provided with three groups of first mounting platforms 10202 extending along the radial direction of the annular boss 10201, and the three groups of first mounting platforms 10202 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the annular boss 10201;
three grooves 10101 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the secondary mirror cover 101 are concavely formed at the upper end of the secondary mirror cover 101, and groove through holes 10102 are formed at the bottom of the grooves 10101;
the first mounting platform 10202 is provided with a first through hole matched with the groove through hole 10102;
the secondary mirror 102 is fastened and fixed by a secondary mirror mounting screw 104 fitted in the groove through hole 10102 and the first through hole;
the secondary mirror assembly 1 further comprises:
a flexible structure 103 integrated on the back of the secondary mirror 102;
the secondary mirror assembly 1 is fixedly assembled with the force bearing tower 2 through a flexible structure 103.
The secondary mirror cover 101, the secondary mirror 102 and the flexible structure 103 in the embodiment are all made of beryllium aluminum alloy, and meanwhile, an annular notch 8 is formed at the root of the annular boss 10201 and can prevent the mechanical support mode from influencing the surface shape of the secondary mirror 102; more specifically:
the flexible structure 103 includes two rings distributed at intervals along an axis, which are an upper ring 10301 and a lower ring 10302 of the flexible structure, respectively;
the flexible structure upper ring 10301 and the flexible structure lower ring 10302 have the same size;
three groups of flexible legs which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flexible structure 103 are connected between the upper ring body 10301 and the lower ring body 10302 of the flexible structure, and each group of flexible legs comprises two flexible legs;
the lower part of the flexible leg is integrated with the flexible structure lower ring 10302, and the upper part of the flexible leg extends towards the flexible structure upper ring 10301 and is formed into a flexible link with a certain gap reserved between the upper part of the flexible leg and the flexible structure upper ring 10301;
the two flexible legs of each set are symmetrically arranged and form an arch 10303;
integrated inside dome 10303 is piezoelectric driven ceramic 105;
a first mounting platform mounting hole is formed in the flexible structure at the position where the ring 10301 and the piezoelectric driving ceramic 105 are coaxial;
the part of the flexible structure lower ring 10302 between two adjacent arch structures 10303 is provided with a bearing tower assembling hole 10304.
The piezoelectric driving ceramics 105 in each arch structure 10303 are mounted in such a way that connection is achieved through pretightening force between the upper ring 10301 of the flexible structure and the lower ring 10302 of the flexible structure, after assembly, the piezoelectric driving ceramics 105 serve as a driving element, and the flexible structure 103 serves as a guide element, so that the secondary mirror 102 moves in the direction of the optical axis.
Preferably, the messenger tower 2 in this embodiment includes:
the secondary mirror assembly 1 is assembled with the bearing tower 2 through the flexible structure 103 at the position of the bearing tower connecting flange body 201;
three triangular rib plates 202 fixedly connected with the force-bearing tower connecting flange body 201 and extending towards the main three mirrors 4, wherein the three triangular rib plates 202 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the force-bearing tower connecting flange body 201;
the triangular rib 202 is configured as an obtuse triangular rib, and the obtuse angle 20201 of the triangular rib 202 faces the optical axis;
the triangular rib plate 202 is provided with two triangular hollow structures 20202 to form a lightweight structure;
three shading rings 20301 are arranged inside the cone 203 at intervals along the axial direction;
three threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the upper end of the conical cylinder 203 along the circumferential direction of the conical cylinder, and the four mirrors 3 are assembled at the upper end of the conical cylinder 203 through the threaded holes;
three mounting legs 204 extend from the lower end of the conical cylinder 203, and the three mounting legs 204 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower end surface of the conical cylinder 203;
the mounting leg 204 of the bearing tower 2 passes through the main three mirrors 4 and is assembled and fixed with the base plate 5.
The force bearing tower 2 of the embodiment has three functions of a secondary mirror assembly 1 support, a four-mirror 3 support and an inner shading cylinder. The triangular rib plate 202 of the bearing tower 2 is formed into a light-weight structure by a triangular hollow structure 20202 so as to reduce the whole weight, the structural rigidity and stability of the bearing tower 2 can be improved by surrounding the conical cylinder 203 between the lower edges of the triangular rib plate 202, and the function of the shading cylinder is realized by three shading rings 20301 integrated inside.
Among them, as a further preferable technical scheme:
a secondary mirror assembly mounting threaded hole 20101 for assembling the secondary mirror assembly 1 is formed in the force-bearing tower connecting flange body 201 along the circumferential direction of the force-bearing tower connecting flange body;
the three triangular rib plates 202 and the secondary mirror assembly mounting screw holes 20101 are arranged in a 60-degree staggered mode.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the back of the four-mirror 3 has a mounting plate 302, and the joint of the mounting plate 302 and the four-mirror 3 is formed with an annular notch 8;
three second mounting platforms 303 extending along the radial direction of the mounting disc 302 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the mounting disc;
the four-mirror 3 is assembled and fixed with the upper end surface of the conical cylinder 203 through a four-mirror mounting screw 301;
the center of the four mirrors 3 is provided with a first strip light through hole 304.
The embodiment specifically describes the structure of the four mirrors 3 and the installation structure of the four mirrors 3 and the force-bearing tower 2. The four-mirror 3 is assembled at the upper end of the conical cylinder 203 of the force bearing tower 2 by a second mounting platform 303 extending from the mounting disc 302 of the four-mirror 3, and is fastened by a four-mirror mounting screw 301.
Preferably, the main three-mirror 4 in this embodiment is a composite mirror body structure of the main mirror 401 and the three-mirror 402, that is, the main mirror 401 and the three-mirror 402 are finished on the same mirror blank, and the reflecting surface of the main mirror 401 and the reflecting surface of the three-mirror 402 are both on the upper portion of the main three-mirror 4. The primary three-mirror 4 of the present embodiment includes a primary mirror 401 in an annular structure, and a three-mirror 02 embedded in an inner ring of the primary mirror 401;
the inner ring of the main mirror 401 is overlapped with the inner ring of the three-mirror 402, the reflecting surfaces of the main mirror 401 and the three-mirror 402 are provided with circular transition lines 403, and three through holes 404 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular transition lines 403;
the mounting support leg 204 of the bearing tower 2 is matched with the through hole 404;
the mounting leg 204 of the force bearing tower 2 is configured into an arc structure, and the through hole 404 is configured into an arc hole;
a second strip light through hole 405 is formed in the center of the third mirror 402;
the second elongated light-passing hole 405 is coaxial with the first elongated light-passing hole 304;
the back surface of the main mirror 401 is formed into a lightweight structure through a triangular hollow structure, and the thickness of the main mirror 401 is larger than that of the three mirrors 402;
an L-shaped flange 406 is arranged on the back of the three mirrors 402;
the L-shaped flange 406 is provided with a first flange body extending towards the three-mirror 402 and a second flange body formed at one end of the first flange body far away from the three-mirror 402, and the second flange body is of a circular ring structure;
the back of the primary mirror 401 has six cylindrical mechanical interfaces 408;
three flexible support threaded holes 407 are uniformly distributed in the second flange body along the circumferential direction;
each flexible support threaded hole 407 and two cylindrical mechanical interfaces 408 form a set of flexible support mechanical interfaces, and the flexible support mechanical interfaces are configured to be distributed in an isosceles triangle;
the end face of the cylindrical mechanical interface 408 is flush with the end face of the second flange body.
The inner ring of the reflection surface of the main mirror 401 coincides with the outer ring of the reflection surface of the three mirrors 402, and three through holes 404 are opened on a circular transition line 403 formed at the junction of the two, and the size and shape of the through holes 404 are configured into an arc structure in match with the mounting legs 204. In addition, the back surface of the main mirror 401 of the present embodiment is formed to be a lightweight structure by the uniformly distributed triangular hollow structure, and the thickness of the three mirrors 402 is thinner than that of the main mirror 401, so that the three mirrors 402 do not need to be designed to be a lightweight structure.
Preferably, the substrate 5 in this embodiment is a hexagonal structure, and the substrate 5 includes three uniformly distributed long sides 501 and three uniformly distributed short sides 502 spaced from the long sides 501;
the substrate 5 is assembled with an external camera and an assembly tool through a mounting seat 503 integrated at the short edge 502;
a circular light through hole 506 is formed in the center of the substrate 5, and the circular light through hole 506 is coaxial with the conical cylinder 203;
the substrate 5 is formed into a lightweight structure through a polygonal hollowed-out structure 505;
a trapezoidal sinking platform 504 is formed at the position, close to the long edge 501, of the upper end of the substrate 5 in a sinking manner, and the sinking depth of the trapezoidal sinking platform 504 is one third of the thickness of the substrate 5;
a support leg mounting hole 508 is formed in the upper surface of the base plate 5 and close to the long side 501, and the mounting support leg 204 of the force-bearing tower 2 penetrates through the through hole 404 and is assembled with the base plate 5 in the support leg mounting hole 508;
the side surface of the long side 501 of the substrate 5 is formed with a flexible support mounting hole group 507, and the flexible support 6 is fitted at the flexible support mounting hole group 507 of the substrate 5.
The mounting base 503 integrated with the short side 502 of the substrate 5 in this embodiment is a structure connected with the whole external camera and the assembly and adjustment tool, and is a rectangular platform and arranged at 90 degrees to the side surface of the substrate 5, and the rectangular platform is provided with two circular through holes and reinforced by a triangular reinforcing rib between the rectangular platform and the substrate 5.
The flexible supporting member 6 includes a horizontal supporting portion 601 located at the upper portion, and a vertical supporting portion 602 supported below the horizontal supporting portion 601 and extending in the vertical direction;
the horizontal support part 601 is configured into an isosceles triangle structure, and a horizontal support part interface 60101 matched with the mechanical interface of the flexible support part is arranged at the vertex of the horizontal support part 601;
the horizontal supporting part 601 is formed into a lightweight structure through a hollow structure 60102;
the vertical support 602 is in an isosceles trapezoid structure;
rod-shaped structures 60201 which are obliquely arranged are arranged on two sides of the vertical supporting part 602, and the joints of the rod-shaped structures 60201 and the horizontal supporting part 601 are transitionally connected through two mutually vertical arc-shaped flexible links 60203;
two flexible beams 60205 are symmetrically arranged inside the vertical support portion 602, the two flexible beams 60205 and the bottom side 60202 of the vertical support portion 602 form an isosceles triangle structure, and the apex of the isosceles triangle structure is cut off to form a plane;
the flexible beam 60205 and the bottom rim 60202 of the vertical support 602 are each formed with a semi-circular flexible link 60204;
an annular flexible link 60206 is arranged at the central axis of the vertical support part 602, and the annular flexible link 60206 is respectively connected with the plane of the isosceles triangle and the bottom side 60202 of the vertical support part 602 through a beam 60207 with a through hole;
third mounting platforms 60208 are provided on both sides of the vertical support 602;
the arrangement of the beams 60207 and the third mounting platforms 60208 having through holes are located in one-to-one correspondence with the hole sites of the flexible support mounting hole group 507 to form an assembly structure with the base plate 5.
The flexible support 6 of the present embodiment mainly includes two parts, namely the horizontal support 601 and the vertical support 602, wherein the horizontal support 601 and the vertical support 602 are formed to be lightweight and have a flexible support with a connection structure of the above parts. The flexible support serves as a connecting member between the substrate 5 and the main three-mirror 4, and is formed into a mechanical connecting structure with the substrate 5 through the flexible support mounting hole group 507.
Preferably, the upper part of the focal plane assembly 7 in the embodiment is formed with a mounting ring structure;
the mounting ring structure extends to form four fourth mounting platforms which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring structure;
the focal plane assembly 7 is mounted to the back side of the substrate 5 by a fourth mounting platform.
In the above technical solution, the tower camera structure applied to the coaxial four-mirror optical system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the tower camera structure improves the thermal stability and the structural stability, the secondary mirror 102, the secondary mirror cover 101, the flexible structure 103, the bearing tower 2, the main three-mirror 4, the four-mirror 3 and the substrate 5 are all made of beryllium aluminum alloy materials, and the reflecting mirror and the supporting structure are made of the same material, so that the optical system can achieve the optimal athermalization effect and good mechanical and thermal bearing performance. Meanwhile, the beryllium-aluminum alloy has the characteristics of small density, high rigidity and high specific stiffness, so that the space camera has good structural stability.
The tower camera has the advantages of compact structure, light weight, high integration level and cost reduction.
The force bearing tower 2 integrates the functions of a secondary mirror assembly 1 support, a four-mirror 3 support and an inner shading cylinder, has the characteristics of compact structure and high integration degree, and has a plurality of parts which are designed in a lightweight structure, so that the whole weight of the space camera is greatly reduced.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A tower camera structure applied to a coaxial four-reflection optical system is characterized by comprising:
a main three-mirror (4);
the secondary mirror assembly (1) is integrated on one side of the reflecting surface of the main three-mirror (4) through a bearing tower (2);
the secondary mirror assembly (1) is coaxial with the primary three-mirror (4), and the force bearing tower (2) is provided with a four-mirror (3) which is coaxial with the secondary mirror assembly (1) and the primary three-mirror (4);
this tower camera structure still includes:
a substrate (5);
the substrate (5) is assembled on the back surface of the main three-mirror (4) through a flexible support (6);
a focal plane assembly (7) is assembled on one side, away from the main three mirrors (4), of the substrate (5);
the force bearing tower (2), the main three mirrors (4), the base plate (5) and the flexible supporting piece (6) are all formed with light-weight structures;
the secondary mirror assembly (1) comprises:
a secondary mirror cover (101); and
a secondary mirror (102) embedded inside the secondary mirror housing (101);
the side of the secondary mirror cover (101) facing the secondary mirror (102) is provided with an annular boss (10201);
the annular boss (10201) is coaxial with the optical axis of the secondary mirror (102), and an annular cut (8) is formed at the connection part of the annular boss (10201) and the secondary mirror (102);
the circumferential direction of the annular boss (10201) is provided with three groups of first mounting platforms (10202) extending along the radial direction of the annular boss, and the three groups of first mounting platforms (10202) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular boss (10201);
the upper end of the secondary mirror cover (101) is concavely provided with three grooves (10101) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the secondary mirror cover (101), and the bottom of each groove (10101) is provided with a groove through hole (10102);
the first mounting platform (10202) is provided with a first through hole matched with the groove through hole (10102);
the secondary mirror (102) is fastened and fixed through a secondary mirror mounting screw (104) assembled in the groove through hole (10102) and the first through hole;
the secondary mirror assembly (1) further comprises:
a flexible structure (103) integrated in the back of the secondary mirror (102);
the secondary mirror assembly (1) is assembled and fixed with the force bearing tower (2) through the flexible structure (103);
the flexible structure (103) comprises two ring bodies which are distributed at intervals along an axis, namely a flexible structure upper ring body (10301) and a flexible structure lower ring body (10302);
the flexible structure upper ring body (10301) and the flexible structure lower ring body (10302) are the same in size;
three groups of flexible legs which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flexible structure (103) are connected between the upper ring body (10301) of the flexible structure and the lower ring body (10302) of the flexible structure, and each group of flexible legs comprises two flexible legs;
the lower part of the flexible leg and the flexible structure lower ring body (10302) are of an integrated structure, and the upper part of the flexible leg extends towards the flexible structure upper ring body (10301) and is reserved with a certain gap with the flexible structure upper ring body (10301) to form a flexible link;
each group of the two flexible legs are symmetrically arranged and form an arch structure (10303);
the arched structure (10303) is internally integrated with piezoelectric driven ceramics (105);
a first mounting platform mounting hole is formed in the position, coaxial with the piezoelectric driving ceramic (105), of the flexible structure upper ring body (10301);
a bearing tower assembly hole (10304) is formed in the part, located between two adjacent arched structures (10303), of the flexible structure lower ring body (10302);
the force bearing tower (2) comprises:
the secondary mirror assembly (1) is assembled at the position of the bearing tower connecting flange body (201) through the flexible structure (103) and the bearing tower (2);
the three triangular rib plates (202) are fixedly connected with the bearing tower connecting flange body (201) and extend towards the main three mirrors (4), and the three triangular rib plates (202) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bearing tower connecting flange body (201);
the triangular rib plate (202) is configured to be an obtuse-angle triangular rib plate, and an obtuse angle (20201) of the triangular rib plate (202) faces to an optical axis;
the triangular rib plate (202) is provided with two triangular hollow structures (20202) to form a lightweight structure;
conical cylinders (203) are formed on three sides of the lower parts of the three triangular rib plates (202), the diameters of the conical cylinders (203) are gradually increased from top to bottom, and the conical cylinders (203) are coaxial with an optical axis;
three shading rings (20301) are arranged inside the cone barrel (203) at intervals along the axial direction of the cone barrel;
three threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the upper end of the conical cylinder (203) along the circumferential direction of the conical cylinder, and the four mirrors (3) are assembled at the upper end of the conical cylinder (203) through the threaded holes;
three mounting legs (204) extend from the lower end of the conical cylinder (203), and the three mounting legs (204) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower end surface of the conical cylinder (203);
and the mounting supporting legs (204) of the bearing tower (2) penetrate through the main three mirrors (4) and are assembled and fixed with the base plate (5).
2. The tower camera structure applied to the coaxial four-mirror optical system according to claim 1, wherein the force-bearing tower connecting flange body (201) is provided with a secondary mirror assembly mounting threaded hole (20101) along a circumferential direction thereof for assembling the secondary mirror assembly (1);
the three triangular rib plates (202) and the secondary mirror assembly mounting screw holes (20101) are arranged in a staggered mode at an angle of 60 degrees.
3. The tower camera structure applied to the coaxial four-mirror optical system according to claim 1, wherein the back of the four mirrors (3) is provided with a mounting plate (302), and the junction of the mounting plate (302) and the four mirrors (3) is provided with an annular notch (8);
three second mounting platforms (303) extending along the radial direction of the mounting disc (302) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting disc;
the four mirrors (3) are assembled and fixed with the upper end surface of the conical cylinder (203) through four mirror mounting screws (301);
a first strip light through hole (304) is formed in the center of the four mirrors (3).
4. The tower camera structure applied to the coaxial four-mirror optical system according to claim 3, wherein the primary three-mirror (4) is a composite mirror body structure of a primary mirror (401) and a three-mirror (402), and the primary three-mirror (4) comprises a primary mirror (401) in an annular structure and a three-mirror (402) embedded in an inner ring of the primary mirror (401);
the inner ring of the main mirror (401) is superposed with the inner ring of the three mirrors (402), circular transition lines (403) are formed on the reflecting surfaces of the main mirror (401) and the three mirrors (402), and three through holes (404) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular transition lines (403);
the mounting supporting legs (204) of the bearing tower (2) are matched with the through holes (404);
the mounting leg (204) of the messenger tower (2) is configured into a circular arc structure, and the through hole (404) is configured into an arc hole;
a second strip light through hole (405) is formed in the center of the three mirrors (402);
the second elongated light through hole (405) is coaxial with the first elongated light through hole (304);
the back surface of the main mirror (401) is formed into a light-weight structure through a triangular hollow structure, and the thickness of the main mirror (401) is larger than that of the three mirrors (402);
an L-shaped flange (406) is arranged on the back surface of the three mirrors (402);
the L-shaped flange plate (406) is provided with a first flange body extending towards the three-mirror (402) and a second flange body formed at one end of the first flange body far away from the three-mirror (402), and the second flange body is of a circular ring structure;
the back of the primary mirror (401) has six cylindrical mechanical interfaces (408);
three flexible support piece threaded holes (407) are uniformly distributed in the second flange body along the circumferential direction of the second flange body;
each flexible support threaded hole (407) and two cylindrical mechanical interfaces (408) form a set of flexible support mechanical interfaces, and the flexible support mechanical interfaces are configured to be distributed in an isosceles triangle;
the end face of the cylindrical mechanical interface (408) is flush with the end face of the second flange body.
5. The tower camera structure applied to the coaxial four-reflection optical system according to claim 4, wherein the substrate (5) is a hexagonal structure, and the substrate (5) comprises three uniformly distributed long sides (501) and three uniformly distributed short sides (502) spaced from the long sides (501);
the substrate (5) is assembled with an external camera and an assembly and adjustment tool through an installation seat (503) integrated at the short edge (502);
a circular light through hole (506) is formed in the center of the substrate (5), and the circular light through hole (506) is coaxial with the conical cylinder (203);
the substrate (5) is formed into a lightweight structure through a polygonal hollow structure (505);
a trapezoidal sinking platform (504) is formed at the upper end of the substrate (5) in a sinking manner at a position close to the long side (501), and the sinking depth of the trapezoidal sinking platform (504) is one third of the thickness of the substrate (5);
a support leg mounting hole (508) is formed in the upper surface of the base plate (5) and is close to the long side (501), and a mounting support leg (204) of the messenger tower (2) penetrates through the through hole (404) and is assembled with the base plate (5) in the support leg mounting hole (508);
the side of the long side (501) of the substrate (5) is provided with a flexible support mounting hole group (507), and the flexible support (6) is assembled at the flexible support mounting hole group (507) of the substrate (5).
6. The tower camera structure applied to the coaxial four-mirror optical system according to claim 5, wherein the flexible support (6) comprises a horizontal support part (601) located at the upper part, and a vertical support part (602) supported below the horizontal support part (601) and extending in the vertical direction;
the horizontal supporting part (601) is configured to be an isosceles triangle structure, and a horizontal supporting part interface (60101) matched with the mechanical interface of the flexible supporting part is arranged at the vertex of the horizontal supporting part (601);
the horizontal supporting part (601) is formed into a lightweight structure through a hollow structure (60102);
the vertical supporting part (602) is in an isosceles trapezoid structure;
rod-shaped structures (60201) which are obliquely arranged are arranged on two sides of the vertical supporting part (602), and the joints of the rod-shaped structures (60201) and the horizontal supporting part (601) are transitionally connected through two arc-shaped flexible links (60203) which are perpendicular to each other;
two flexible beams (60205) are symmetrically arranged inside the vertical support part (602), the two flexible beams (60205) and the bottom edge (60202) of the vertical support part (602) form an isosceles triangle structure, and the vertex of the isosceles triangle structure is cut off to form a plane;
the bottom edges (60202) of the flexible beam (60205) and the vertical support part (602) are both formed with semicircular flexible links (60204);
an annular flexible link (60206) is arranged at the central axis of the vertical supporting part (602), and the annular flexible link (60206) is respectively connected with the plane of the isosceles triangle and the bottom edge (60202) of the vertical supporting part (602) through a beam (60207) with a through hole;
the vertical support (602) has third mounting platforms (60208) on both sides;
the arrangement of the beams (60207) having through holes and the third mounting platforms (60208) are located in one-to-one correspondence with the hole sites of the flexible support mounting hole group (507) to form an assembly structure with the substrate (5).
7. The tower camera structure applied to the coaxial four-reflection optical system according to claim 6, wherein the upper part of the focal plane assembly (7) is formed with a mounting ring structure;
four fourth mounting platforms extend from the mounting ring structure, and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring structure;
the focal plane assembly (7) is assembled with the back surface of the substrate (5) through the fourth mounting platform.
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| CN202010720655.1A CN113970867B (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Tower type camera structure applied to coaxial four-reflection optical system |
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| CN202010720655.1A CN113970867B (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Tower type camera structure applied to coaxial four-reflection optical system |
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