CN114966853B - Method for determining surrounding rock motion parameter extreme value of impact site based on microseismic monitoring signal - Google Patents
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- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
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- G01V1/284—Application of the shear wave component and/or several components of the seismic signal
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- G01V1/288—Event detection in seismic signals, e.g. microseismics
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Abstract
A method for determining an extreme value of a surrounding rock motion parameter of an impact site based on a microseismic monitoring signal comprises the steps of firstly, manually marking the first arrival time of a P wave, and calculating the position of a seismic source and the seismic origin time; marking all effective channel S wave waveforms, calculating the seismic source corner frequency, and determining a seismic source time function and a seismic source fracture radius; marking the first displacement peak value after the first arrival of the P wave for a far-field survey station with the distance from the seismic source to the survey station being more than 5 times of the fracture radius of the seismic source to form a P wave first wave displacement peak value sequence; utilizing a far-field P wave linear part in a physical relation among a seismic source time function, a P wave head wave displacement peak sequence and the moment tensor to solve the moment tensor by adopting a linear least square method; giving the rock burst showing location coordinates, calculating the motion parameter extreme value of the surrounding rock of the impact location according to the determined physical relational expression, further determining the mechanical influence of the mine earthquake on the surrounding rock of the roadway according to the parameter extreme value, and providing important theoretical basis and guidance for researching the disaster-causing effect of the mine earthquake and guiding the roadway support design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining an extreme value of a surrounding rock motion parameter of an impact site based on a microseismic monitoring signal, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety mining.
Background
The rock burst is a dynamic disaster that elastic deformation energy accumulated by coal and rock masses of a mining working face is suddenly released to generate strong vibration to cause severe damage of the coal and rock masses. With the rapid increase of mining depth of mines and the increasing complexity of geology and mining environment, rock burst has become one of the most typical dynamic disasters in coal mining.
The microseism monitoring method is a leading-edge technology for monitoring dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like, can be used for determining the position and energy of a seismic source, and is widely applied to domestic coal mining. However, the seismic source position determined by the microseism monitoring method is not the position where the roadway impacts, and the impact occurrence place cannot be predicted and the sensor cannot be arranged at the impact position in advance, so that the conventional microseism monitoring has obvious limitations in the aspects of researching the mine earthquake disaster effect and guiding roadway support design.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining the extreme value of the surrounding rock motion parameter of the impact site based on the microseismic monitoring signal, which can determine the extreme value of the surrounding rock motion parameter of the impact site, determine the mechanical influence of the mineral earthquake on the surrounding rock of the roadway, and provide an important theoretical basis for researching the disaster-causing effect of the mineral earthquake and guiding the roadway support design.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for determining an extreme value of a surrounding rock motion parameter of an impact site based on a microseismic monitoring signal comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Importing a particle motion velocity signal sequence w recorded by m stations j (i) Wherein j =1 … m, m>6,i =1 … n, n is the total sampling point number of the microseismic signal, the lower limit of the total sampling point number is the point number required for ensuring the integrity of the recorded vibration signal, and the sampling time interval t of the adjacent sampling points c Not more than 2ms;
(2) For the particle motion velocity signal sequence w j (i) Integrating to obtain a displacement sequence d of the measuring point j (i)；
(3) Drawing a displacement sequence diagram, manually marking the P wave first arrival position to form a P wave first arrival time sequence
(4) The space coordinate [ x ] of each station is obtained through measurement j ,y j ,z j ]And the P wave propagation speed alpha from the seismic source to the survey station, using
Method for obtaining earthquake-generating moment t based on microseismic positioning algorithm 0 And source location [ x ] 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ]；
(5) Setting S wave velocity from the seismic source to the survey station to
Calculating the distance from the seismic source to the probe
By means of a formula>
Calculate S wave start time->
Setting the P-wave end time to ^ 4>
Setting the S wave duration length as e times of the P wave duration length, and utilizing a formula
Calculating an end time ≥ of the S-wave>
(6) Using time sequences
Marking S-wave waveforms of all effective channels, and determining seismic source corner frequency f through spectrum analysis c Obtaining a seismic source time function->
By means of a formula>
Computing seismic source radius of rupture r 0 In which K is c Is a constant that depends on the source model; seismic source corner frequency f c Calculated using the formula:
in the formula, D j (i) Is a displacement spectrum of S-wave vibration waveform, X j (i) Is S-wave vibration waveform velocity spectrum;
(7) Selecting a seismic source to probe distance r j Greater than 5 times the fracture radius of the seismic sourcer 0 In its displacement sequence diagram d j (i) In the middle, the peak position of P wave head wave is marked manually
Forming a P wave head wave displacement peak value sequence A P ；
(8) Using the seismic time function s (t), sequence A P And solving the moment tensor M by adopting a linear least square method for inversion of a linear part of the far field P wave in a physical relation formula among the moment tensors M, wherein the specific algorithm is as follows:
using the tensor M of the seismic moment pq And measuring station x = [ x ] j ,y j ,z j ]The physical relationship of the displacement u obtained above:
far field P wave part of
Solving the moment tensor M by linear least square method inversion, wherein,
is the derivative of the seismic source time function s (t) with time t, when u ξ (x, t) is taken as the head wave displacement peak value sequence of the far-field P wave>
When t satisfies >>
Taking the maximum value, rho is the density of the medium, r is the distance between the seismic source and the survey station, RP near 、RP inter(Pwave) 、RP inter(Swave) 、RP far(Pwave) 、RP far(Swave) Radiation pattern coefficients of a near field, a middle field P wave, a middle field S wave, a far field P wave and a far field S wave are respectively, and xi, P and q take values in the three directions of x, y and z:
RP near ＝15γ ξ γ p γ q -3γ ξ δ pq -3γ p δ ξq -3γ q δ ξp ；
RP inter(Pwave) ＝6γ ξ γ p γ q -γ ξ δ pq -γ p δ ξq -γ q δ ξp ；
RP inter(Swave) ＝6γ ξ γ p γ q -γ ξ δ pq -γ p δ ξq -2γ q δ ξp ；
RP far(Pwave) ＝γ ξ γ p γ q ；
RP far(swave) ＝(γ ξ γ p -δ ξp )γ q ；
in the formula, when ξ = x, p = x, q = x, for a certain measurement station j, the corresponding measurement station j corresponds to
When ξ = y, p = y, q = y, its corresponding ÷ is present>
When ξ = z, p = z, q = z, its corresponding ÷ is present>
When xi, p and q are in the same direction, delta pq 、δ ξq 、δ ξp Equal to 1, otherwise zero;
(9) Given a rock burst visualization location coordinate Ψ = [ Ψ = [ ] x ,ψ y ,ψ z ]And forward modeling according to a physical relational expression to determine the extreme value of the motion parameter of the surrounding rock, wherein the formula is as follows:
further, in the step (4), use is made of
Method for obtaining earthquake-generating moment t based on microseismic positioning algorithm 0 And source location [ x ] 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ]The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, x 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 To be the source coordinates, the location of the seismic source,
and alpha is the propagation speed of the P wave from the seismic source to the survey station.
Further, in the step (5), the value range of e is 1 and less than e & lt 3 & gt.
Further, in the step (8) and the step (9), M pq P and q in (1) are taken as three dimensions in x, y and z directions and are expressed as:
the method comprises the steps of marking the P wave first arrival time of the microseismic monitoring particle motion displacement signal, and calculating the seismic source position [ x 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ]And the origin time t 0 (ii) a Further marking all effective channel S wave waveforms and calculating the seismic source corner frequency f c Determining the seismic source time function s (t) and the seismic source fracture radius r 0 (ii) a Marking the first displacement peak value after the first arrival of the P wave for the far-field survey station with the distance from the seismic source to the survey station being more than 5 times of the fracture radius of the seismic source to form a P wave first wave displacement peak value sequence A P (ii) a Using the seismic time function s (t), sequence A P Far-field P wave line in physical relation between moment tensor MA linear part, which is used for solving a moment tensor M by adopting a linear least square method; giving the rock burst showing location coordinates, calculating forward according to the determined physical relation to obtain the motion parameter extreme value of the surrounding rock of the impact location, further determining the mechanical influence of the mine earthquake on the surrounding rock of the roadway according to the parameter extreme value, and providing important theoretical basis and guidance for researching the mine earthquake disaster-causing effect and guiding the roadway support design. In addition, the method is simple and convenient, has strong operability and is convenient for computer programming.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of each channel recorded by the microseismic monitoring system of the example;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the integrated displacement and the first arrival time of the marked P-wave in the example;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of displacement waveforms of a far-field station marked to obtain a peak of a first-arrival head wave of a P wave in the embodiment;
fig. 5 is a diagram for determining the impact location motion velocity using the moment tensor M determined by inversion and the forward evolution of the physical relation in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for determining an extreme value of a surrounding rock motion parameter of an impact site based on a microseismic monitoring signal comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Importing a particle motion velocity signal sequence w recorded by m stations j (i) Wherein j =1 … m, m>6,i =1 … n, n is the total sampling point number of the microseismic signal, the lower limit of the total sampling point number is the point number required for ensuring the integrity of the recorded vibration signal, and the sampling time interval t of the adjacent sampling points c Not more than 2ms;
(2) For the particle motion velocity signal sequence w j (i) Integrating to obtain a displacement sequence d of the measuring point j (i)；
(3) Drawing a displacement sequence diagram, manually marking the P wave first arrival position to form a P wave first arrival time sequence
(4) The space coordinate [ x ] of each station is obtained through measurement j ,y j ,z j ]And the P wave propagation speed alpha from the seismic source to the survey station, using
Method for obtaining earthquake-generating moment t based on microseismic positioning algorithm 0 And source location [ x ] 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ]；
(5) Setting S wave velocity from the seismic source to the survey station to
Calculating the distance from the seismic source to the probe
By means of a formula>
Calculate S wave start time->
Setting the P-wave end time to ^ 4>
Setting the S wave duration length as e times of the P wave duration length, and utilizing a formula
Calculating an end time ≥ of the S-wave>
(6) Using time sequences
Marking S-wave waveforms of all effective channels, and determining seismic source corner frequency f through spectrum analysis c Obtaining a seismic source time function->
By means of a formula>
Calculating the seismic source fracture radius r 0 In which K is c Is a constant that depends on the source model; seismic source corner frequency f c Calculated using the formula:
in the formula, D j (i) Is a displacement spectrum of S-wave vibration waveform, X j (i) Is S-wave vibration waveform velocity spectrum;
(7) Selecting a seismic source to probe distance r j Greater than 5 times the fracture radius r of the seismic source 0 In its displacement sequence diagram d j (i) In the middle, the peak position of P wave head wave is marked manually
Forming a P wave head wave displacement peak value sequence A P ；
(8) Using the seismic time function s (t), sequence A P And solving the moment tensor M by adopting a linear least square method for inversion of a linear part of the far field P wave in a physical relation formula among the moment tensors M, wherein the specific algorithm is as follows:
using the tensor M of the seismic moment pq And measuring station x = [ x ] j ,y j ,z j ]The physical relationship of the displacement u obtained above:
far field P wave part of
RP near ＝15γ ξ γ p γ q -3γ ξ δ pq -3γ p δ ξq -3γ q δ ξp ；
RP inter(Pwave) ＝6γ ξ γ p γ q -γ ξ δ pq -γ p δ ξq -γ q δ ξp ；
RP inter(Swave) ＝6γ ξ γ p γ q -γ ξ δ pq -γ p δ ξq -2γ q δ ξp ；
RP far(Pwave) ＝γ ξ γ p γ q ；
RP far(swave) ＝(γ ξ γ p -δ ξp )γ q ；
in the formula, when ξ = x, p = x, q = x, for a certain measurement station j, the corresponding measurement station j corresponds to
When ξ = y, p = y, q = y, its corresponding ÷ is present>
When ξ = z, p = z, q = z, its corresponding ÷ is present>
When xi, p and q are in the same direction, delta pq 、δ ξq 、δ ξp Equal to 1, otherwise zero;
(9) Given the rock burst visualization location coordinates Ψ = [ ψ = x ,ψ y ,ψ z ]And forward modeling according to a physical relational expression to determine the extreme value of the motion parameter of the surrounding rock, wherein the formula is as follows:
further, in the step (4), use is made of
Method for obtaining earthquake-generating moment t based on microseismic positioning algorithm 0 And source location [ x ] 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ]The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, x 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 To be the source coordinates, the location of the seismic source,
and alpha is the propagation speed of the P wave from the seismic source to the survey station.
Further, in the step (5), the value range of e is 1 and less than e & lt 3 & gt.
Further, in the step (8) and the step (9), M pq P and q in (1) are taken as three dimensions in x, y and z directions and are expressed as:
the embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, after a roof fall event occurs in a certain mining area, the waveform w of an original mine seismic signal recorded by an SOS microseismic monitoring system has a sampling frequency f =500Hz, waveform data recorded by a single-component probe is inverted by the method of the invention to determine an extreme value of a surrounding rock motion parameter of an impact site, and the implementation steps are as follows:
(1) As shown in FIG. 3, the effective vibration waveforms w (t) recorded on channels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23 are marked respectively j ) The arrival time of the P wave;
(2) Setting the P wave velocity to 4100m/s, accurately measuring and determining the positions of all the stations, positioning the seismic source position by adopting a microseismic positioning algorithm, and obtaining the position coordinates of the seismic source [2156.77, 3466.33, 99.73]Calculating to obtain the origin time t 0 ＝1.373；
(3) Setting S wave velocity from the seismic source to each survey station to be 2367m/S, calculating the distance r from the seismic source to the probe by adopting a formula
Calculating the start time of the S wave of the channels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 22 and 23 respectively; setting P wave end time to T Pk ＝T sp -0.002; the S-wave duration length is set to e =2 times the P-wave duration length, and the formula (T) is used Pk -T Pp )e+T Sp Calculating the end time T of the S wave Sk ；
(4) Selecting S-wave waveform on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23 channels of the marker, and obtaining corner frequency f by spectrum analysis c =10.921Hz, and thereby determine the source time function
And radius of rupture
Wherein K c Taking the value as 2.34 according to a Brune seismic source model;
(5) Selecting a seismic source to probe distanceGreater than 5 times the fracture radius r of the seismic source 0 For far- field stations 1, 3, 4, 8, 10, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23 of =80m, as shown in fig. 4, the P-wave head peak is marked as-2.33 × 10 in the displacement sequence diagram of the far-field 13 station -7 m, finally obtaining a P wave head wave displacement peak value sequence A P Is composed of
A P ＝[-6.691E-8-3.61E-8-2.46E-7-2.3E-7-2.53E-8 5.51E-7-2.33E-7-3.2E-7-5.02E-7-3.06E-7]；
(6) Using source time function
Sequence A p And the far field P wave linear part in the physical relation between the moment tensor M is inverted by adopting a linear least square method to obtain the moment tensor
(7) As shown in fig. 5, the impact location coordinates Ψ = [2154.62, 3379.25, 62.73] and the moment tensor M are input, and the maximum motion speed of the surrounding rock motion parameter of the impact location obtained by forward modeling is v =1.069M/s.
Claims (4)
1. A method for determining an extreme value of a surrounding rock motion parameter of an impact site based on a microseismic monitoring signal is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Importing a particle motion velocity signal sequence w recorded by m stations j (i) Wherein j =1 … m, m>6,i =1 … n, n is the total sampling point number of the microseismic signal, the lower limit of the total sampling point number is the point number required for ensuring the integrity of the recorded vibration signal, and the sampling time interval t of the adjacent sampling points c Not more than 2ms;
(2) For the particle motion velocity signal sequence w j (i) Integrating to obtain a displacement sequence d of the measuring point j (i)；
(3) Drawing a displacement sequence diagram, manually marking the P wave first arrival position to form a P wave first arrival time sequence
(4) The space coordinate [ x ] of each station is obtained through measurement j ,y j ,z j ]And the P wave propagation speed alpha from the seismic source to the survey station, using
Method for obtaining earthquake-generating moment t based on microseismic positioning algorithm 0 And source location [ x ] 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ]；
(5) Setting S wave velocity from the seismic source to the survey station to
Calculating the distance from the seismic source to the probe
By means of a formula>
Calculate S wave start time->
Setting the P-wave end time to ^ 4>
Setting S wave duration as e times of P wave duration, and based on formula>
Calculating an end time of an S-wave>
(6) Using time sequences
Marking S-wave waveforms of all active channels by spectral analysisDetermining seismic source corner frequency f c Obtaining a seismic source time function->
By means of a formula>
Calculating the seismic source fracture radius r 0 In which K is c Is a constant that depends on the source model; seismic source corner frequency f c Calculated using the formula:
in the formula, DD j (i) Is a displacement spectrum of S-wave vibration waveform, X j (i) Is S-wave vibration waveform velocity spectrum;
(7) Selecting a seismic source to probe distance r j Greater than 5 times the fracture radius r of the seismic source 0 In its displacement sequence diagram d j (i) In the middle, the peak position of P wave head wave is marked manually
Forming a P wave head wave displacement peak value sequence A P ；
(8) Using the seismic source time function s (t), sequence A P And solving the moment tensor M by adopting a linear least square method for inversion of a linear part of the far field P wave in a physical relation formula among the moment tensors M, wherein the specific algorithm is as follows:
using the tensor M of the seismic moment pq And measuring station x = [ x ] j ,y j ,z j ]The physical relationship of the displacement u obtained above:
far field P wave part of
Solving the moment tensor M by linear least square method inversion, wherein,
is the derivative of the seismic source time function s (t) with time t, when u ξ (x, t) is taken as the head wave displacement peak value sequence of the far-field P wave>
When t satisfies >>
Taking the maximum value, rho is the density of the medium, r is the distance between the seismic source and the survey station, RP near 、RP inter(P wave) 、RP inter(S wave) 、RP far(P wave) 、RP far(S wave) Radiation pattern coefficients of a near field, a middle field P wave, a middle field S wave, a far field P wave and a far field S wave are respectively, and xi, P and q take values in x, y and z directions respectively:
RP near ＝15γ ξ γ p γ q -3γ ξ δ pq -3γ p δ ξq -3γ q δ ξp ；
RP inter(pwave) ＝6γ ξ γ p γ q -γ ξ δ pq -γ p δ ξq -γ q δ ξp ；
RP inter(Swave) ＝6γ ξ γ p γ q -γ ξ δ pq -γ p δ ξq -2γ q δ ξp ；
RP far(Pwave) ＝γ ξ γ p γ q ；
RP far(Swave) ＝(γ ξ γ p -δ ξp )γ q ；
in the formula, when ξ = x, p = x, q = x, for a certain measurement station j, the corresponding measurement station j corresponds to
When ξ = y, p = y, q = y, its corresponding ÷ is present>
When ξ = z, p = z, q = z, its corresponding { } is greater than { (n) } is greater than }>
When xi, p and q are in the same direction, delta pq 、δ ξq 、δ ξp Equal to 1, otherwise zero;
(9) Given a rock burst visualization location coordinate Ψ = [ Ψ = [ ] x ,ψ y ,ψ z ]And forward modeling according to a physical relational expression to determine the extreme value of the motion parameter of the surrounding rock, wherein the formula is as follows:
2. the method for determining the extreme value of the motion parameter of the surrounding rock at the impact site based on the microseismic monitoring signal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (4) is performed by using
Method for obtaining earthquake-generating moment t based on microseismic positioning algorithm 0 And source location [ x ] 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ]The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, x 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 To be the source coordinates, the location of the seismic source,
for the arrival time of the P wave at the j-th stationAnd alpha is the propagation speed of the P wave from the seismic source to the survey station.
3. The method for determining the extreme value of the surrounding rock motion parameter of the impact site based on the microseismic monitoring signal as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (5), the value range of e is 1-e-3.
4. The method for determining the extreme value of the motion parameter of the surrounding rock at the impact site based on the microseismic monitoring signal as claimed in claim 3 wherein in the step (8) and the step (9), M is pq P and q in (1) are taken as three dimensions in x, y and z directions and are expressed as:
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