CN114965969A - Intelligent monitoring and early warning system for long-span bridge structure health based on wireless sensor - Google Patents
Intelligent monitoring and early warning system for long-span bridge structure health based on wireless sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless sensor-based intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure, which is characterized in that a concrete foundation quality monitoring module, a trapezoidal support upright quality monitoring module, an arch bridge frame quality monitoring module and a bridge abutment quality monitoring module are arranged on a large-span bridge, the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure is evaluated based on the obtained quality monitoring results of the modules, and when the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure is lower than the warning comprehensive health coefficient in a data storage module, early warning is carried out. On the one hand, the working difficulty of detection personnel is reduced, and the risk of high-altitude operation is effectively avoided. On the other hand, the influence on the detection of the bridge quality problem caused by remote distance and artificial subjective factors is avoided, a plurality of quality detection dimensions of a concrete foundation, a trapezoidal support upright post, an arched bridge frame and a bridge abutment of the large-span bridge are covered, and the reliability and the stability of the structural health assessment of the large-span bridge are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of health monitoring of a long-span bridge structure, and particularly relates to an intelligent health monitoring and early warning system for the long-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor.
Background
Along with the rapid development of traffic industry, the road mileage of large-span bridges is continuously enlarged, and the traffic volume is continuously increased, so that higher requirements are provided for the passing capacity and the bearing capacity of the large-span bridges.
Nowadays, the health monitoring to the large-span bridge structures of establishing in the valley mostly adopts artifical cat ladder and artifical telescope's mode, not only brings very big working strength for the measurement personnel, still can have the monitoring not in place and work efficiency low grade problem, embodies in following several aspects:
(1) on one hand, because the large-span bridge is generally built in a wider valley, the detection is carried out by adopting a manual ladder climbing mode, so that not only is the detection difficult for workers to reach the bottom of the bridge, but also the problems of high-altitude operation risk, high detection difficulty and the like exist, the detection efficiency is low, and huge workload is brought to the detection workers;
(2) on the other hand, the monitoring mode of the artificial telescope is adopted, and due to the existence of remote distance and artificial subjective factors, quality problems such as bridge cracks and deformation are difficult to find, and a certain detection blind area exists, so that the detection dimension is one-sided, and the evaluation basis of reliability and stability cannot be provided for the subsequent health evaluation of the large-span bridge structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a long-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor, which can effectively solve the problems related to the background art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a wireless sensor-based intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure, which comprises a concrete foundation quality monitoring module, a trapezoidal support upright quality monitoring module, an arched bridge frame quality monitoring module, a bridge abutment quality monitoring module, a data storage module, a data analysis cloud platform and an early warning display terminal;
the data analysis cloud platform is respectively connected with the concrete foundation quality monitoring module, the trapezoidal support upright quality monitoring module, the arched bridge frame quality monitoring module, the bridge abutment quality monitoring module, the data storage module and the early warning display terminal;
the concrete foundation quality monitoring module is used for monitoring the quality of a concrete foundation of the long-span bridge, and comprises a concrete foundation appearance quality monitoring unit and a concrete foundation stability quality monitoring unit;
the quality monitoring module of the trapezoidal support stand column is used for monitoring the quality of the trapezoidal support stand column of the large-span bridge, wherein the quality monitoring module of the trapezoidal support stand column comprises a size quality monitoring unit of the trapezoidal support stand column and an appearance quality monitoring unit of the trapezoidal support stand column;
the arched bridge quality monitoring module is used for monitoring the arched bridge quality of the large-span bridge, and comprises an arched bridge span quality monitoring unit and an arched bridge form quality monitoring unit;
the bridge abutment quality monitoring module is used for monitoring the bridge abutment quality of the long-span bridge, and comprises a bridge abutment appearance quality monitoring unit and a bridge abutment bearing quality monitoring unit;
the data storage module is used for storing a standard concrete foundation three-dimensional appearance image of a large-span bridge, an appearance defect allowable area of the concrete foundation, an initial three-dimensional coordinate of each detection point on a contact contour line of the concrete foundation, a standard size parameter of each trapezoid supporting upright, a standard appearance contour of each trapezoid supporting upright, a standard arch bridge span, a standard distance from each measurement point of the arch bridge to a reference horizontal plane, an abutment appearance defect allowable area, an abutment allowable bearing capacity and an alarm comprehensive health coefficient;
the data analysis cloud platform is used for evaluating the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure based on the concrete foundation quality monitoring result, the trapezoidal support stand column quality monitoring result, the arched bridge frame quality monitoring result and the bridge abutment quality monitoring result of the large-span bridge;
the early warning display terminal is used for displaying the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure, comparing the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure with the warning comprehensive health coefficient in the data storage module, and giving an early warning if the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure is lower than the warning comprehensive health coefficient.
As a preferred scheme, the concrete foundation appearance quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the quality of the concrete foundation appearance of the large-span bridge, and the concrete detection process comprises the following steps:
a1, acquiring three-dimensional appearance images of the large-span bridge through a high-definition camera;
a2, positioning the concrete foundation area from the collected three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge and extracting the three-dimensional appearance image;
a3, comparing the three-dimensional appearance image of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge with the three-dimensional appearance image of the standard concrete foundation in the data storage module, judging whether the three-dimensional appearance image has defects, if so, positioning an appearance defect area from the three-dimensional appearance image, and extracting the appearance defect area of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge;
a4, comparing the apparent defect area of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge with the preset allowable area of the apparent defect of the concrete foundation, and calculating the apparent quality conformity of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein alpha is expressed as the concrete foundation appearance quality conformity of the large-span bridge, s 0 The allowable area of the concrete foundation appearance defect of the large-span bridge is expressed, and the area s of the concrete foundation appearance defect of the large-span bridge is expressed.
As a preferred scheme, the concrete foundation stabilization quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the concrete foundation stabilization quality of the large-span bridge, and the concrete detection process comprises the following steps:
b1, establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system for the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge;
b2, focusing the three-dimensional appearance image of the concrete foundation on the contact area of the foundation and the mountain, and further extracting a foundation contact contour line;
b3, arranging detection points on the foundation contact contour line according to a preset distance interval to obtain a plurality of detection points, and numbering the detection points as 1,2, a.
B4, acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of each detection point based on the established three-dimensional coordinate system;
b5, comparing the three-dimensional coordinates of the detection points with the initial three-dimensional coordinates of the detection points on the concrete foundation contact contour line in the data storage module, and calculating the concrete foundation stability quality coefficient of the large-span bridge:
wherein beta is expressed as the concrete foundation stability quality coefficient of the large-span bridge, x p0 、y p0 And z p0 Respectively expressed as initial three-dimensional coordinate values on the x axis, the y axis and the z axis corresponding to the p-th detection point on the concrete foundation contact contour line of the large-span bridge, x p 、y p And z p And respectively representing the three-dimensional coordinate values on the x axis, the y axis and the z axis corresponding to the p-th detection point on the concrete foundation contact contour line of the large-span bridge.
As a preferred scheme, the size and quality monitoring unit for the trapezoidal support upright column is used for performing quality monitoring on the size of the trapezoidal support upright column of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
c1, counting the number of the trapezoidal support columns on the large-span bridge, and numbering the trapezoidal support columns as 1,2, a, m, a, q;
c2, detecting the size parameters of each trapezoidal support upright on the large-span bridge, wherein the size parameters comprise fixed width and height;
c3 bridge with large spanThe size parameters of the upper trapezoidal support columns are compared with the standard size parameters of the upper trapezoidal support columns in the data storage module, and the overall dimension quality conformity of the large-span bridge trapezoidal support columns is calculated by the following formula:
wherein delta is expressed as the contour dimension quality conformity of the large-span bridge trapezoidal support column l m0 And d m0 Respectively expressed as the standard fixed width and standard height of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge m And d m Respectively expressed as the fixed width and the height of the mth trapezoidal support upright post of the large-span bridge, and e is expressed as a natural constant.
As a preferred scheme, the appearance quality monitoring unit of the trapezoidal support upright post is used for carrying out appearance quality monitoring on the trapezoidal support upright post of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
d1, extracting the outline of each trapezoidal support column from the acquired three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge;
d2, extracting the standard outline area of each trapezoidal support column based on the standard outline of each trapezoidal support column in the data storage module;
d3, carrying out coincidence comparison on the contour of each trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge and the standard contour of each trapezoidal support column preset in the data storage module, further obtaining the coincidence area of the contour of each trapezoidal support column, and calculating the appearance quality conformity of the trapezoidal support columns of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein eta is expressed as the appearance quality conformity of the trapezoidal support upright post of the large-span bridge, f m Expressed as the coincidence area of the shape outline of the mth trapezoidal support upright on the large-span bridge, f mo Expressed as the standard outline area of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge.
As a preferred scheme, the arch bridge span quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the quality of the arch bridge span of a long-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
e1, extracting the span of the arch bridge frame from the collected three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge;
e2, comparing the span of the arch bridge with the standard span of the arch bridge in the data storage module, and calculating the span quality conformity of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein lambda is the span quality conformity of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge, j 0 Denoted as the standard arch bridge span in the data storage module, and j denotes the span of the arch bridge.
As a preferred scheme, the arch bridge form quality monitoring unit is used for carrying out form quality monitoring on an arch bridge of a long-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
f1, extracting an arch bridge frame front image from the acquired three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge;
f2, dividing the arched bridge frame according to a preset distance interval based on the extracted front image of the arched bridge frame to obtain a plurality of measuring points, and numbering the measuring points as 1,2, a, c;
f3, setting a reference horizontal plane, making a vertical line from each measuring point to the reference horizontal plane, and extracting the distance from each measuring point to the reference horizontal plane;
f3, comparing the distance between each measuring point on the arch bridge and the reference horizontal plane with the standard distance between each measuring point of the arch bridge and the reference horizontal plane in the data storage module, and calculating the shape quality conformity of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein xi is expressed as the form quality conformity of the large-span bridge arch bridge frame h a0 Expressed as the standard distance from the alpha measuring point on the arch-shaped bridge frame of the large-span bridge to the reference horizontal planeOff value, h a The distance value from the a-th measuring point on the arch-shaped bridge frame of the large-span bridge to the reference horizontal plane is expressed.
As a preferred scheme, the abutment appearance quality monitoring unit is used for quality monitoring of abutment appearance of a large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
g1, extracting a bridge abutment appearance three-dimensional image of the large-span bridge from the acquired large-span bridge three-dimensional appearance image;
g2, comparing the abutment appearance three-dimensional image of the large-span bridge with the standard abutment appearance three-dimensional image in the data storage module, judging whether the three-dimensional image has defects, if so, positioning an appearance defect area from the three-dimensional appearance image, and extracting the abutment appearance defect area of the large-span bridge;
g3, comparing the bridge abutment appearance defect area of the large-span bridge with the bridge abutment appearance defect allowable area preset in the data storage module, and calculating the bridge abutment appearance quality conformity of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein sigma is expressed as the conformity of the appearance quality of the bridge abutment of the large-span bridge, g 0 The allowable area of the bridge abutment appearance defect preset in the data storage module is shown, and g is shown as the area of the bridge abutment appearance defect.
As a preferred scheme, the abutment bearing quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the quality of the abutment bearing of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection steps include:
h1, carrying out region division on the bridge abutment of the large-span bridge, respectively carrying out bearing detection on each region, obtaining the bearing capacity of the bridge abutment of each region, and respectively extracting the maximum bearing capacity and the minimum bearing capacity of the bridge abutment;
h2, comparing the maximum and minimum bearing capacity of the bridge abutment of the large-span bridge with the preset allowable bearing capacity of the bridge abutment in the data storage module, and calculating the bridge abutment bearing mass coefficient of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is
Wherein
Bridge abutment bearing mass coefficient, F, expressed as a large-span bridge 0 Expressed as abutment allowable bearing capacity, F max And F min Expressed as abutment maximum and minimum bearing forces, respectively.
As a preferred scheme, the comprehensive health coefficient calculation formula of the large-span bridge structure is as follows:
where ψ represents the overall health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) compared with the traditional manual ladder stand detection mode, the intelligent monitoring and early warning method for the structural health of the large-span bridge based on the wireless sensor not only avoids the problem that workers are difficult to reach the bottom of the bridge, but also effectively reduces the risk of high-altitude operation, improves the detection efficiency, and greatly reduces the workload of the workers.
(2) According to the method, the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure is evaluated based on the concrete foundation quality monitoring result, the trapezoidal support stand column quality monitoring result, the arched bridge frame quality monitoring result and the abutment quality monitoring result of the large-span bridge, so that the influence of remote distance and human subjective factors on quality problem detection such as bridge cracks and deformation is avoided, detection blind areas are greatly reduced, multiple detection dimensions of the concrete foundation quality, the trapezoidal support stand column quality, the arched bridge frame quality and the abutment quality of the large-span bridge are covered, and therefore reliability and stability evaluation basis is provided for the subsequent health evaluation of the large-span bridge structure.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a large-span bridge structure related to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system connection structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of a concrete foundation quality monitoring module according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the trapezoidal support pillar quality monitoring module of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the arched bridge quality monitoring module according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the bridge abutment quality monitoring module connection according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, the invention provides a wireless sensor-based intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure, which comprises a concrete foundation quality monitoring module, a trapezoidal support upright quality monitoring module, an arched bridge frame quality monitoring module, a bridge abutment quality monitoring module, a data storage module, a data analysis cloud platform and an early warning display terminal.
The data analysis cloud platform is respectively connected with the concrete foundation quality monitoring module, the trapezoidal support upright quality monitoring module, the arched bridge frame quality monitoring module, the bridge abutment quality monitoring module, the data storage module and the early warning display terminal.
The concrete foundation quality monitoring module is used for monitoring the quality of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge to obtain the concrete foundation appearance quality conformity of the large-span bridge and the concrete foundation stability quality coefficient.
Referring to fig. 3, the concrete foundation quality monitoring module includes a concrete foundation appearance quality monitoring unit and a concrete foundation stability quality monitoring unit;
specifically, the concrete foundation appearance quality monitoring unit is used for carrying out quality monitoring on the concrete foundation appearance of the large-span bridge, and the concrete detection process comprises the following steps:
a1, acquiring three-dimensional appearance images of the large-span bridge through a high-definition camera;
a2, positioning the concrete foundation area from the collected three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge and extracting the three-dimensional appearance image;
a3, comparing the three-dimensional appearance image of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge with the three-dimensional appearance image of the standard concrete foundation in the data storage module, judging whether the three-dimensional appearance image has defects, if so, positioning an appearance defect area from the three-dimensional appearance image, and extracting the appearance defect area of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge;
a4, comparing the apparent defect area of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge with the preset apparent defect allowable area of the concrete foundation, and calculating the apparent quality conformity of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein alpha is expressed as the concrete foundation appearance quality conformity of the large-span bridge, s 0 The allowable area of the concrete foundation appearance defect of the large-span bridge is expressed, and the area s of the concrete foundation appearance defect of the large-span bridge is expressed.
It should be noted that, in the above formula for calculating the conformity of the appearance quality of the concrete foundation, the smaller the difference between the area of the appearance defect of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge and the allowable area of the appearance defect of the concrete foundation is, the larger the conformity of the appearance quality of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge is, which indicates that the appearance quality of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge conforms to the standard.
Specifically, concrete foundation stabilization quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the concrete foundation stabilization quality of the large-span bridge, and the concrete detection process comprises the following steps:
b1, establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system for the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge;
b2, focusing the three-dimensional appearance image of the concrete foundation on the contact area of the foundation and the mountain, and further extracting a foundation contact contour line;
b3, arranging detection points on the foundation contact contour line according to a preset distance interval to obtain a plurality of detection points, and numbering the detection points as 1,2, a.
B4, acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of each detection point based on the established three-dimensional coordinate system;
b5, comparing the three-dimensional coordinates of the detection points with the initial three-dimensional coordinates of the detection points on the concrete foundation contact contour line in the data storage module, and calculating the concrete foundation stability quality coefficient of the large-span bridge:
wherein beta is expressed as the concrete foundation stability quality coefficient of the large-span bridge, x p0 、y p0 And z p0 Respectively representing the initial three-dimensional coordinate values on the x axis, the y axis and the z axis corresponding to the p-th detection point on the concrete foundation contact contour line of the large-span bridge, and x p 、y p And z p And respectively representing the three-dimensional coordinate values on the x axis, the y axis and the z axis corresponding to the p-th detection point on the concrete foundation contact contour line of the large-span bridge.
It should be noted that, in the above formula for calculating the stable quality coefficient of the concrete foundation, the difference between the initial three-dimensional coordinate values on the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis corresponding to the p-th detection point on the contact contour line of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge and the three-dimensional coordinate values on the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis corresponding to the p-th detection point on the contact contour line of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge is smaller, and the larger the stable quality coefficient of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge is, the more the stable quality of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge meets the standard.
The quality monitoring module of the trapezoid supporting stand column is used for monitoring the quality of the trapezoid supporting stand column of the large-span bridge to obtain the overall dimension quality conformity and the appearance quality conformity of the trapezoid supporting stand column of the large-span bridge.
Referring to fig. 4, the quality monitoring module of the trapezoidal support column comprises a size quality monitoring unit of the trapezoidal support column and an appearance quality monitoring unit of the trapezoidal support column;
specifically, the trapezoidal support column size quality monitoring unit is used for performing quality monitoring on the trapezoidal support column size of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
c1, counting the number of the trapezoidal support columns on the large-span bridge, and numbering the trapezoidal support columns as 1,2, a, m, a, q;
c2, detecting the size parameters of each trapezoidal support upright on the large-span bridge, wherein the size parameters comprise fixed width and height;
c3, comparing the size parameters of each trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge with the standard size parameters of each trapezoidal support column in the data storage module, and calculating the overall dimension quality conformity of the trapezoidal support columns of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein delta is expressed as the contour dimension quality conformity of the large-span bridge trapezoidal support column l m0 And d m0 Respectively expressed as the standard fixed width and standard height of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge m And d m Respectively expressed as the fixed width and the height of the mth trapezoidal support upright post of the large-span bridge, and e is expressed as a natural constant.
It should be noted that, in the above formula for calculating the overall dimension quality conformity of the trapezoidal support columns, the smaller the difference between the standard fixed width and standard height of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge and the fixed width and height of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge is, the greater the overall dimension quality conformity of the trapezoidal support columns of the large-span bridge is, which indicates that the overall dimension quality of the trapezoidal support columns of the large-span bridge is more in accordance with the standard.
Specifically, the trapezoidal support column appearance quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the appearance quality of the trapezoidal support column of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
d1, extracting the outline of each trapezoidal support column from the acquired three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge;
d2, extracting the standard outline area of each trapezoidal support column based on the standard outline of each trapezoidal support column in the data storage module;
d3, carrying out coincidence comparison on the contour of each trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge and the standard contour of each trapezoidal support column preset in the data storage module, further obtaining the coincidence area of the contour of each trapezoidal support column, and calculating the appearance quality conformity of the trapezoidal support columns of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein eta is expressed as the appearance quality conformity of the trapezoidal support upright post of the large-span bridge, f m Expressed as the coincidence area of the shape outline of the mth trapezoidal support upright on the large-span bridge, f mo Expressed as the standard outline area of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge.
It should be noted that, in the above formula for calculating the conformity of the appearance quality of the trapezoidal support columns, the larger the ratio of the coincidence area of the appearance profile of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge to the area of the standard appearance profile of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge is, the larger the conformity of the appearance quality of the trapezoidal support columns of the large-span bridge is, which indicates that the appearance quality of the trapezoidal support columns of the large-span bridge conforms to the standard.
The arched bridge quality monitoring module is used for monitoring the arched bridge quality of the large-span bridge to obtain the span quality conformity and the form quality conformity of the arched bridge of the large-span bridge.
Referring to fig. 5, the arched bridge quality monitoring module includes an arched bridge span quality monitoring unit and an arched bridge form quality monitoring unit;
specifically, the arch bridge span quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the quality of the arch bridge span of the long-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
e1, extracting the span of the arch bridge frame from the collected three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge;
e2, comparing the span of the arch bridge with the standard span of the arch bridge in the data storage module, and calculating the span quality conformity of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein lambda is the span quality conformity of the arch bridge frame of the large-span bridge, j 0 Denoted as the standard arch bridge span in the data storage module, and j denotes the span of the arch bridge.
It should be noted that, in the above formula for calculating the span quality conformity of the arch bridge, the smaller the difference between the span of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge and the span of the standard arch bridge is, the larger the span quality conformity of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge is, which indicates that the span quality of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge conforms to the standard.
Specifically, the arch bridge form quality monitoring unit is used for carrying out form quality monitoring on an arch bridge of a long-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
f1, extracting an arch bridge frame front image from the acquired three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge;
f2, dividing the arched bridge frame according to a preset distance interval based on the extracted front image of the arched bridge frame to obtain a plurality of measuring points, and numbering the measuring points as 1,2, a, c;
f3, setting a reference horizontal plane, making a vertical line from each measuring point to the reference horizontal plane, and extracting the distance from each measuring point to the reference horizontal plane;
f3, comparing the distance between each measuring point on the arch bridge and the reference horizontal plane with the standard distance between each measuring point of the arch bridge in the data storage module and the reference horizontal plane, and calculating the shape quality symbol of the arch bridge of the large-span bridgeThe degree of contact, its computational formula is:
wherein xi is expressed as the form quality conformity of the large-span bridge arch bridge frame h a0 Expressed as a standard distance value h from the a-th measuring point on the arch-shaped bridge frame of the large-span bridge to a reference horizontal plane a The distance value from the a-th measuring point on the arch-shaped bridge frame of the large-span bridge to the reference horizontal plane is expressed.
It should be noted that, in the above calculation formula for the form quality conformity of the arch bridge, the smaller the difference between the distance value from the a-th measurement point on the arch bridge of the large-span bridge to the reference horizontal plane and the standard distance value from the a-th measurement point on the arch bridge of the large-span bridge to the reference horizontal plane is, the larger the form quality conformity of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge is, which indicates that the form quality of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge is more in accordance with the standard.
The bridge abutment quality monitoring module is used for monitoring the bridge abutment quality of the large-span bridge to obtain the bridge abutment appearance quality conformity and the bridge abutment bearing quality coefficient of the large-span bridge.
Referring to fig. 6, the abutment quality monitoring module includes an abutment appearance quality monitoring unit and an abutment bearing quality monitoring unit;
specifically, the abutment appearance quality monitoring unit is used for performing quality monitoring on the abutment appearance of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
g1, extracting a bridge abutment appearance three-dimensional image of the large-span bridge from the acquired large-span bridge three-dimensional appearance image;
g2, comparing the abutment appearance three-dimensional image of the large-span bridge with the standard abutment appearance three-dimensional image in the data storage module, judging whether the three-dimensional image has defects, if so, positioning an appearance defect area from the three-dimensional appearance image, and extracting the abutment appearance defect area of the large-span bridge;
g3, comparing the bridge abutment appearance defect area of the large-span bridge with the bridge abutment appearance defect allowable area preset in the data storage module, and calculating the bridge of the large-span bridgeThe table appearance quality conformity is calculated by the following formula:
wherein sigma is expressed as the bridge abutment appearance quality conformity of the large-span bridge, g 0 The allowable area of the bridge abutment appearance defect preset in the data storage module is represented, and g is represented as the area of the bridge abutment appearance defect.
It should be noted that, in the above formula for calculating the conformity between the bridge abutment appearance quality and the bridge abutment appearance defect, the smaller the difference between the area of the bridge abutment appearance defect and the allowable area of the bridge abutment appearance defect preset in the data storage module is, the larger the conformity between the bridge abutment appearance quality and the bridge abutment appearance quality of the large-span bridge is, the more the standard the bridge abutment appearance quality of the large-span bridge is.
Specifically, the abutment bearing quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the quality of the abutment bearing of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection steps include:
h1, carrying out region division on the bridge abutment of the large-span bridge, respectively carrying out bearing detection on each region, obtaining the bearing capacity of the bridge abutment of each region, and respectively extracting the maximum bearing capacity and the minimum bearing capacity of the bridge abutment;
h2, comparing the maximum and minimum bearing capacity of the bridge abutment of the large-span bridge with the preset allowable bearing capacity of the bridge abutment in the data storage module, and calculating the bridge abutment bearing mass coefficient of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is
Wherein
Bridge abutment bearing mass coefficient, F, expressed as a large-span bridge 0 Expressed as abutment allowable bearing capacity, F max And F min Expressed as abutment maximum and minimum bearing forces, respectively.
It should be noted that, in the above calculation formula for the conformity of the appearance quality of the abutment, the smaller the difference between the maximum bearing capacity and the minimum bearing capacity of the abutment is, the larger the bearing quality coefficient of the abutment of the large-span bridge is, which indicates that the bearing quality of the abutment of the large-span bridge is more in accordance with the standard.
The data storage module is used for storing a standard concrete foundation three-dimensional appearance image of a large-span bridge, an appearance defect allowable area of the concrete foundation, an initial three-dimensional coordinate of each detection point on a contact contour line of the concrete foundation, a standard size parameter of each trapezoid supporting upright, a standard appearance contour of each trapezoid supporting upright, a standard arch bridge span, a standard distance from each measurement point of the arch bridge to a reference horizontal plane, an appearance defect allowable area of the bridge abutment, an allowable bearing capacity of the bridge abutment and an alarm comprehensive health coefficient.
The data analysis cloud platform is used for evaluating the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure based on the concrete foundation quality monitoring result, the trapezoid supporting stand column quality monitoring result, the arch bridge frame quality monitoring result and the bridge abutment quality monitoring result of the large-span bridge;
specifically, the calculation formula of the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure is as follows:
where ψ represents the overall health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure.
It should be noted that, in the above calculation formula of the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure, the larger the calculated comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure is, the more standard the comprehensive health of the large-span bridge structure is.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure is evaluated based on the concrete foundation quality monitoring result, the trapezoid supporting stand column quality monitoring result, the arch bridge frame quality monitoring result and the bridge abutment quality monitoring result of the large-span bridge, so that multiple detection dimensions of the concrete foundation quality, the trapezoid supporting stand column quality, the arch bridge frame quality and the bridge abutment quality of the large-span bridge are covered, the influence on the detection of quality problems such as bridge cracks and deformation caused by long distance and artificial subjective factors is avoided, detection blind areas are reduced, and the reliability and stability of the health evaluation of the large-span bridge structure are greatly improved.
The early warning display terminal is used for displaying the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure, comparing the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure with the warning comprehensive health coefficient in the data storage module, and giving an early warning if the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure is lower than the warning comprehensive health coefficient.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the intelligent monitoring and early warning are carried out on the structural health of the large-span bridge based on the wireless sensor, so that not only is the problem that workers are difficult to reach the bottom of the bridge caused by the traditional manual ladder climbing detection mode avoided, but also the high-altitude operation risk is effectively reduced, the detection efficiency is improved, and the workload of the workers is greatly reduced.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a healthy intelligent monitoring early warning system of large-span bridge structures based on wireless sensor which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a concrete foundation quality monitoring module, a trapezoidal support upright quality monitoring module, an arch bridge frame quality monitoring module, a bridge abutment quality monitoring module, a data storage module, a data analysis cloud platform and an early warning display terminal;
the data analysis cloud platform is respectively connected with the concrete foundation quality monitoring module, the trapezoidal support upright quality monitoring module, the arched bridge frame quality monitoring module, the bridge abutment quality monitoring module, the data storage module and the early warning display terminal;
the concrete foundation quality monitoring module is used for monitoring the concrete foundation quality of the large-span bridge, and comprises a concrete foundation appearance quality monitoring unit and a concrete foundation stability quality monitoring unit;
the quality monitoring module of the trapezoid supporting upright post is used for monitoring the quality of the trapezoid supporting upright post of the long-span bridge, and comprises a size quality monitoring unit of the trapezoid supporting upright post and an appearance quality monitoring unit of the trapezoid supporting upright post;
the arched bridge quality monitoring module is used for monitoring the arched bridge quality of the large-span bridge, and comprises an arched bridge span quality monitoring unit and an arched bridge form quality monitoring unit;
the bridge abutment quality monitoring module is used for monitoring the bridge abutment quality of the long-span bridge, and comprises a bridge abutment appearance quality monitoring unit and a bridge abutment bearing quality monitoring unit;
the data storage module is used for storing a standard concrete foundation three-dimensional appearance image of a long-span bridge, an appearance defect allowable area of the concrete foundation, initial three-dimensional coordinates of each detection point on a contact contour line of the concrete foundation, standard size parameters of each trapezoid support upright, a standard appearance contour of each trapezoid support upright, a standard arch bridge span, a standard distance from each measurement point of the arch bridge to a reference horizontal plane, an appearance defect allowable area of the bridge abutment, allowable bearing capacity of the bridge abutment and an alarm comprehensive health coefficient;
the data analysis cloud platform is used for evaluating the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure based on the concrete foundation quality monitoring result, the trapezoidal support stand column quality monitoring result, the arched bridge frame quality monitoring result and the bridge abutment quality monitoring result of the large-span bridge;
the early warning display terminal is used for displaying the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure, comparing the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure with the warning comprehensive health coefficient in the data storage module, and giving an early warning if the comprehensive health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure is lower than the warning comprehensive health coefficient.
2. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the concrete foundation appearance quality monitoring unit is used for carrying out quality monitoring on the concrete foundation appearance of the large-span bridge, and the concrete detection process comprises the following steps:
a1, acquiring three-dimensional appearance images of the large-span bridge through a high-definition camera;
a2, positioning the concrete foundation area from the acquired three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge and extracting the three-dimensional appearance image;
a3, comparing the three-dimensional appearance image of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge with the three-dimensional appearance image of the standard concrete foundation in the data storage module, judging whether the three-dimensional appearance image has defects, if so, positioning an appearance defect area from the three-dimensional appearance image, and extracting the appearance defect area of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge;
a4, comparing the apparent defect area of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge with the preset apparent defect allowable area of the concrete foundation, and calculating the apparent quality conformity of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein alpha represents the concrete foundation appearance quality conformity degree of the large-span bridge, s 0 The allowable area of the concrete foundation appearance defect of the large-span bridge is expressed, and the area s of the concrete foundation appearance defect of the large-span bridge is expressed.
3. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a long-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the concrete foundation stabilization quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the concrete foundation stabilization quality of the large-span bridge, and the concrete detection process comprises the following steps:
b1, establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system for the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge;
b2, focusing the three-dimensional appearance image of the concrete foundation on the contact area of the foundation and the mountain, and further extracting a foundation contact contour line;
b3, arranging detection points on the foundation contact contour line according to a preset distance interval to obtain a plurality of detection points, and numbering the detection points as 1,2, a.
B4, acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of each detection point based on the established three-dimensional coordinate system;
b5, comparing the three-dimensional coordinates of the detection points with the initial three-dimensional coordinates of the detection points on the concrete foundation contact contour line in the data storage module, and calculating the concrete foundation stability quality coefficient of the large-span bridge:
wherein beta represents the stable quality coefficient of the concrete foundation of the large-span bridge, x p0 、y p0 And z p0 Respectively expressed as initial three-dimensional coordinate values on the x axis, the y axis and the z axis corresponding to the p-th detection point on the concrete foundation contact contour line of the large-span bridge, x p 、y p And z p And respectively representing the three-dimensional coordinate values on the x axis, the y axis and the z axis corresponding to the p-th detection point on the concrete foundation contact contour line of the large-span bridge.
4. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the size and quality monitoring unit for the trapezoidal support stand column is used for monitoring the size of the trapezoidal support stand column of the large-span bridge in quality, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
c1, counting the number of the trapezoidal support columns on the large-span bridge, and numbering the trapezoidal support columns to be 1,2, m, q;
c2, detecting the size parameters of each trapezoidal support upright on the large-span bridge, wherein the size parameters comprise fixed width and height;
c3, comparing the size parameters of each trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge with the standard size parameters of each trapezoidal support column in the data storage module, and calculating the overall dimension quality conformity of the trapezoidal support columns of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein delta is expressed as a trapezoidal support column of a large-span bridgeThe contour dimension quality conformity of m0 And d m0 Respectively expressed as the standard fixed width and standard height of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge m And d m Respectively expressed as the fixed width and height of the mth trapezoidal support upright of the large-span bridge, and e is expressed as a natural constant.
5. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the appearance quality monitoring unit of the trapezoidal support stand column is used for monitoring the appearance quality of the trapezoidal support stand column of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
d1, extracting the outline of each trapezoidal support column from the acquired three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge;
d2, extracting the standard outline area of each trapezoidal support column based on the standard outline of each trapezoidal support column in the data storage module;
d3, carrying out coincidence comparison on the contour of each trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge and the standard contour of each trapezoidal support column preset in the data storage module, further obtaining the coincidence area of the contour of each trapezoidal support column, and calculating the appearance quality conformity of the trapezoidal support columns of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein eta is expressed as the appearance quality conformity of the trapezoidal support upright post of the large-span bridge, f m Expressed as the coincidence area of the shape outline of the mth trapezoidal support upright on the large-span bridge, f mo Expressed as the standard outline area of the mth trapezoidal support column on the large-span bridge.
6. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the arch bridge span quality monitoring unit is used for monitoring the quality of the arch bridge span of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
e1, extracting the span of the arch-shaped bridge frame based on the acquired three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge;
e2, comparing the span of the arch bridge with the standard span of the arch bridge in the data storage module, and calculating the span quality conformity of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein lambda is the span quality conformity of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge, j 0 Denoted as the standard arch bridge span in the data storage module, and j denotes the span of the arch bridge.
7. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a long-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the shape quality monitoring unit of the arch bridge is used for monitoring the shape quality of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
f1, extracting an arch bridge frame front image from the acquired three-dimensional appearance image of the large-span bridge;
f2, dividing the arched bridge frame according to a preset distance interval based on the extracted front image of the arched bridge frame to obtain a plurality of measuring points, and numbering the measuring points as 1,2, a, c;
f3, setting a reference horizontal plane, making a vertical line from each measuring point to the reference horizontal plane, and extracting the distance from each measuring point to the reference horizontal plane;
f3, comparing the distance between each measuring point on the arch bridge and the reference horizontal plane with the standard distance between each measuring point of the arch bridge and the reference horizontal plane in the data storage module, and calculating the shape quality conformity of the arch bridge of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein xi is expressed as a form quality symbol of the large-span bridge arch-shaped bridge frameDegree of polymerization, h a0 Expressed as a standard distance value h from the a-th measuring point on the arch-shaped bridge frame of the large-span bridge to a reference horizontal plane a The distance value from the a-th measuring point on the arch-shaped bridge frame of the large-span bridge to the reference horizontal plane is expressed.
8. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the abutment appearance quality monitoring unit is used for carrying out quality monitoring on the abutment appearance of the large-span bridge, and the specific detection comprises the following steps:
g1, extracting a bridge abutment appearance three-dimensional image of the large-span bridge from the acquired large-span bridge three-dimensional appearance image;
g2, comparing the abutment appearance three-dimensional image of the large-span bridge with the standard abutment appearance three-dimensional image in the data storage module, judging whether the three-dimensional image has defects, if so, positioning an appearance defect area from the three-dimensional appearance image, and extracting the abutment appearance defect area of the large-span bridge;
g3, comparing the bridge abutment appearance defect area of the large-span bridge with the bridge abutment appearance defect allowable area preset in the data storage module, and calculating the bridge abutment appearance quality conformity of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein sigma is expressed as the bridge abutment appearance quality conformity of the large-span bridge, g 0 The allowable area of the bridge abutment appearance defect preset in the data storage module is shown, and g is shown as the area of the bridge abutment appearance defect.
9. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the abutment bearing quality monitoring unit is used for carrying out quality monitoring on abutment bearing of the large-span bridge, and the concrete detection steps comprise:
h1, carrying out region division on the bridge abutment of the large-span bridge, respectively carrying out bearing detection on each region, obtaining the bearing capacity of the bridge abutment of each region, and respectively extracting the maximum bearing capacity and the minimum bearing capacity of the bridge abutment;
h2, comparing the maximum and minimum bearing capacity of the bridge abutment of the large-span bridge with the preset allowable bearing capacity of the bridge abutment in the data storage module, and calculating the bridge abutment bearing mass coefficient of the large-span bridge, wherein the calculation formula is
Wherein
Bridge abutment bearing mass coefficient, F, expressed as a large-span bridge 0 Expressed as abutment allowable bearing capacity, F max And F min Expressed as maximum and minimum load bearing of the abutment, respectively.
10. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for the health of a large-span bridge structure based on a wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the comprehensive health coefficient calculation formula of the large-span bridge structure is as follows:
where ψ represents the overall health coefficient of the large-span bridge structure.
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