CN114964437B - Method, device and system for automatically measuring grain quantity of conical silo - Google Patents

Method, device and system for automatically measuring grain quantity of conical silo Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114964437B
CN114964437B CN202210384764.XA CN202210384764A CN114964437B CN 114964437 B CN114964437 B CN 114964437B CN 202210384764 A CN202210384764 A CN 202210384764A CN 114964437 B CN114964437 B CN 114964437B
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ang
grain
cylinder
volume
inclination angle
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CN114964437A (en
Inventor
张智强
柳淞岚
张金明
李武文
梅雪松
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Chengdu Baiwei Zhilian Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Baiwei Zhilian Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G17/00—Apparatus for or methods of weighing material of special form or property
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F17/00—Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, a device and a system for automatically measuring grain quantity of a conical silo, wherein the method comprises the steps of installing a first infrared range finder and a radar level gauge on the side wall of an upper cone of the conical silo to measure empty height; acquiring measurement data of a conical cylindrical silo, wherein the measurement data comprise cylinder diameter, cylinder height, bottom cone inclination angle, bottom cone height, bottom cone bus, top inclination angle and equipment side line length; acquiring the initial state, moisture and types of grains; the initial state is a grain loading state or a grain discharging state; obtaining the repose angle of the grains according to the corresponding relation between the moisture and the variety of the grains and the repose angle of the grains; and calculating the volume and the total mass of the grains in the conical silo according to the initial state of the grains, the static friction angle, the type, the measured data of the conical silo and the height of the grains obtained by the first infrared range finder. The invention has the measurement error within +/-3% after the material feeding and discharging are completed. The grain height warning position can be monitored, and the staff is not required to climb to look over.

Description

Method, device and system for automatically measuring grain quantity of conical silo
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grain storage, in particular to a method, a device and a system for automatically measuring the grain quantity of a conical silo.
Background
Along with development of science and technology, grain preservation and automatic production and processing technology are applied gradually, production and transportation are carried out after grain warehouse entry for convenience, raw materials are transferred by adopting a conical silo, a feeding port filters impurities through a vibrating screen and then enters the silo, when production is needed, a discharging port of the silo is opened and transported by a belt, and when the silo is not produced, the silo can be used for storing raw materials after filtering the impurities.
The conical silo currently has the following problems: firstly, the grain loading of a certain batch is difficult to measure, the weighing or the capacity measuring means are needed to be used for a plurality of times manually, the materials are transported out of the wagon balance to be weighed and then loaded back, the working procedure is complicated, and the grain transfer efficiency is affected; secondly, due to the closed cabin body of the conical cabin, the staff in the storehouse cannot check the quality of the residual grains in the cabin in real time; thirdly, as the high-low warning level of the grain quality cannot be monitored, the production connection of a warehouse area and the filling of the material warehouse are affected; fourthly, when the staff confirms the internal grain quantity condition, the staff needs to climb up to the high place to check, which is tedious and dangerous.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method, a device and a system for automatically measuring the grain quantity of a conical silo, which are used for solving the problems and achieving the purpose of accurately monitoring the grain quantity of the conical silo.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method for automatically measuring the grain quantity of the conical silo comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a first infrared distance meter and a radar level gauge on the side wall of the same height of an upper cone of a conical silo, and measuring the empty height between the height of a grain surface in the vertical direction in the conical silo and the first infrared distance meter or the radar level gauge;
s2, acquiring measurement data of a conical silo, wherein the measurement data comprise a cylinder diameter, a cylinder height, a bottom cone inclination angle, a bottom cone height, a bottom cone bus, an upper top inclination angle and equipment side line length, and the equipment side line length is the length of a first infrared range finder from the edge of an upper cone;
s3, acquiring the initial state, moisture and types of grains; the initial state is a grain loading state or a grain discharging state;
s4, obtaining the repose angle of the grains according to the corresponding relation between the moisture and the variety of the grains and the repose angle of the grains;
s5, calculating the volume of the grains in the conical silo according to the initial state of the grains, the static friction angle, the type, the measured data of the conical silo and the grain height obtained by the first infrared range finder and/or the radar level gauge;
S6, obtaining the total mass of the grains according to the volume of the grains in the conical silo and the density of the grains.
Further, the method also comprises the step of installing a second infrared range finder on the conical tip of the upper cone of the conical silo.
Further, in the step S5, the method for calculating the volume of the grain in the conical silo is as follows:
(1) If the grain is in a grain loading state, the grain resting angle is larger than the upper top inclination angle of the bin top, and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V11, a middle cylinder volume V12 and a lower cone volume V13, wherein the volume V=v11+v12+v13 of the grain at the moment;
the length of the first threshold is as follows:
S first threshold value ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )-tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))
The length of the second threshold is as follows:
S second threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V11＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V12=pi×r cylinder radius 2 * (h cylinder height- (S void height-S device edge length sin (Ang upper roof angle)) -S device edge length cos (Ang upper roof angle))
V13＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(2) If the grain is in a grain loading state, the grain resting angle is smaller than the upper top inclination angle of the bin top, and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a third threshold value and smaller than a fourth threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V21, a middle cylinder volume V22 and a lower cone volume V23, wherein the volume V=v21+v22+v23 of the grain at the moment;
the length of the third threshold is:
S third threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*(tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )-tan(Ang( Angle of repose of cereal )))
The length of the fourth threshold is:
S fourth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V21＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V22＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Third threshold value ))
V23＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(3) If the grain is loaded, when the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a fifth threshold value and smaller than a sixth threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V31 and a lower cone volume V32, wherein the volume V=v31+v32 of the grain;
the length of the fifth threshold is:
S fifth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the sixth threshold is:
S sixth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment side lineLong length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared distance meter,
S height of the material ＝x*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
S Height of the material ＝S Sixth threshold value -S Empty height
X=s Height of the material /(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
r Radius of grain cone ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V31＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V32＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(4) If the grain is in a grain discharging state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a seventh threshold value and smaller than an eighth threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V41, a middle cylinder volume V42 and a lower cone volume V43, wherein the volume V=v42+v43-V41 of the grain at the moment;
the length of the seventh threshold is:
S seventh threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the eighth threshold is:
S eighth threshold value ＝S Seventh threshold value +h Cylinder height
The volume of each part is as follows:
V41＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V42＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Seventh threshold value ))
V43＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(5) If the grain is placed and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a ninth threshold value and smaller than a tenth threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V51 and a lower cone volume V52, wherein the volume V=v51+v52 of the grain at the moment;
the length of the ninth threshold is:
S ninth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))+h Cylinder height
The length of the tenth threshold is:
S tenth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared distance meter;
S height of the material ＝x*(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
X=s Height of the material /(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
S Height of the material ＝S Tenth threshold value -S Empty height
r Grain pile radius ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V51＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V52＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )。
The invention also discloses a device for automatically measuring the grain quantity of the conical silo, which comprises the conical silo, a first infrared distance meter and a radar level meter, wherein the first infrared distance meter and the radar level meter are arranged on the side wall of the conical silo with the same height, and the device can realize the grain quantity measurement by the method for automatically measuring the grain quantity of the conical silo.
Further, the device also comprises a second infrared range finder, and the second infrared range finder is arranged at the conical tip of the upper cone of the conical silo.
The invention also discloses a system for automatically measuring the grain quantity of the conical silo, which comprises:
the device for automatically measuring the grain quantity of the conical silo comprises the conical silo, a first infrared distance meter and a radar level gauge, wherein the first infrared distance meter and the radar level gauge are arranged on the side wall of the conical silo, which has the same height as the upper cone;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring measurement data of the first infrared range finder and the radar level gauge;
the storage module is used for storing measurement data of the conical silo, the initial state of grains, moisture and types, wherein the measurement data comprise cylinder diameter, cylinder height, bottom cone inclination angle, bottom cone height, bottom cone bus, upper top inclination angle and equipment side line length, and the equipment side line length is the length of the first infrared range finder from the upper cone edge; the initial state is a grain loading state or a grain discharging state;
the relational database module is used for obtaining the repose angle of the grains according to the corresponding relation between the moisture and the variety of the grains and the repose angle of the grains;
The calculation module is used for calculating the volume and the total mass of the grains in the conical silo according to the initial state of the grains, the static friction angle, the type, the measurement data of the conical silo and the grain height obtained by the first infrared range finder and/or the radar level gauge;
and the visualization module is used for displaying the calculated volume and total mass of the grains in the conical silo in real time.
Further, the system further comprises a second infrared distance meter which is arranged at the conical tip of the upper cone of the conical silo and used for obtaining the empty height of grains in the vertical direction, so that workers are reminded of when to stop loading and discharging grains.
Further, the computing module comprises a determining module and a sub-computing module; the method for calculating the volume of the grains in the conical silo comprises the following steps:
(1) If the determining module determines that grains in the conical silo are in a grain loading state, and the grain resting angle is larger than the upper roof inclination angle of the top of the silo, the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V11, a middle cylinder volume V12 and a lower cone volume V13, wherein the volume V=v11+v12+v13 of the grain;
The length of the first threshold is as follows:
S first threshold value ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )-tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))
The length of the second threshold is as follows:
S second threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V11＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V12=pi×r cylinder radius 2 * (h cylinder height- (S void height-S device edge length sin (Ang upper roof angle)) -S device edge length cos (Ang upper roof angle))
V13＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(2) If the determining module determines that grains in the conical silo are in a grain loading state, and the grain resting angle is smaller than the upper roof inclination angle of the top of the silo, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a third threshold value and smaller than a fourth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V21, a middle cylinder volume V22 and a lower cone volume V23, wherein the volume V=v21+v22+v23 of the grain;
the length of the third threshold is:
S third threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*(tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )-tan(Ang( Angle of repose of cereal )))
The length of the fourth threshold is:
S fourth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V21＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V22＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Third threshold value ))
V23＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(3) If the determining module determines that the grain in the conical silo is in a grain loading state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a fifth threshold value and smaller than a sixth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V31 and a lower cone volume V32, wherein the volume V=V31+V32 of the grain at the moment;
the length of the fifth threshold is:
S fifth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the sixth threshold is:
S sixth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared distance meter,
S height of the material ＝x*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
S Height of the material ＝S Sixth threshold value -S Empty height
X=s Height of the material /(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
r Radius of grain cone ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V31＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V32＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(4) If the determining module determines that the grain in the conical silo is in a grain discharging state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a seventh threshold value and smaller than an eighth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V41, a middle cylinder volume V42 and a lower cone volume V43, wherein the volume V=v42+v43-V41 of the grain;
the length of the seventh threshold is:
S seventh threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the eighth threshold is:
S eighth threshold value ＝S Seventh threshold value +h Cylinder height
The volume of each part is as follows:
V41＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V42＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Seventh threshold value ))
V43＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(5) If the determining module determines that the grain in the conical silo is in a grain discharging state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a ninth threshold value and smaller than a tenth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V51 and a lower cone volume V52, wherein the volume V=v51+v52 of the grain at the moment;
The length of the ninth threshold is:
S ninth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))+h Cylinder height
The length of the tenth threshold is:
S tenth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared distance meter,
S height of the material ＝x*(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
X=s Height of the material /(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang The grains are stationaryCorner angle ))
S Height of the material ＝S Tenth threshold value -S Empty height
r Grain pile radius ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V51＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V52＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention has the advantages that the measurement error is within +/-3% after the material feeding and discharging is finished, the error can be corrected manually and the error can be corrected automatically through moving average. The grain height warning position can be monitored, and related staff can be informed in real time through mails or short messages after the communication module is installed. The workers do not need to climb up to check frequently, the safety of the workers and the smooth production flow are ensured, the workers do not need to repeatedly transport out and return the workers when the cost is calculated in batches, and the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first infrared rangefinder, a second infrared rangefinder, and a radar level gauge mounted on a conical silo in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a grain pile in a grain loading state, with a grain resting angle greater than an upper roof inclination angle and three volumes;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a grain pile in three volumes in a state of putting grains according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a grain pile in a grain loading state, with a grain resting angle smaller than an upper roof inclination angle, and three volumes;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a grain pile in two volumes in a grain loading state as disclosed in the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a grain stack in two volumes in a put-in-grain state as disclosed in the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. the diameter of the cylinder; 2. cylinder height; 3. inclination angle of the bottom cone; 4. the bottom cone height; 5. a bottom cone bus; 6. an upper roof inclination angle; 7. a first infrared rangefinder; 8. equipment edge length; 9. a cylinder radius; 10. a radar level gauge; 11. and a second infrared range finder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a method for automatically measuring grain quantity in a conical silo, referring to fig. 1, the conical silo can be divided into three sections, namely an upper cone, a cylinder and a lower cone from top to bottom in sequence. In order to accurately measure the grain reserve in the conical silo, the measuring method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, a first infrared distance meter 7 and a radar level gauge 10 are arranged on the side wall of the same height of the upper cone of the conical silo, and are used for measuring the empty height between the grain surface height in the vertical direction in the conical silo and the first infrared distance meter or the radar level gauge.
The first infrared distance meter 7 is used for measuring the empty height, wherein the empty height refers to the distance of the first infrared distance meter 7 from the grain surface in the vertical direction. The radar level gauge 10 may also be used for measuring empty height, in this embodiment, by installing the first infrared distance meter 7 and the radar level gauge 10 at the same height, when the difference measured by the two is more than half a meter, it indicates that the process of loading or unloading grains is performed, because the grain loading process may deviate from the central axis to cause excessive grains on one side, and at this time, the grains do not completely slide to the edge along the slope, so that deviation occurs; vice versa during unloading; if the difference is less than half a meter, the grain surface is static, and the difference is not more than half a meter under normal conditions. In addition, since the radar level gauge 10 has a strong penetration capability, it can be used to measure the height of the grain in the vertical direction of the radar level gauge 10, which can be used to verify the accuracy of the empty height.
The first infrared distance meter 7 and the radar level gauge 10 only need to be installed in the middle of the side wall of the upper cone, the specific installation position has no excessively high requirement, and the installation process is simple.
It is easy to understand that the first infrared distance meter 7 and the radar level gauge 10 may not be installed at the same height, and the difference between the heights of the first infrared distance meter 7 and the radar level gauge 10 in the vertical direction is only calculated when the heights are not at the same height, and then the difference is added when comparing the data measured by the first infrared distance meter 7 and the radar level gauge 10. It should be noted that the above-mentioned loading and unloading states include both the dynamic states of loading and unloading, and the rest states of loading and unloading.
Further, in this embodiment, the second infrared rangefinder 11 may be installed at the tip of the upper cone of the conical silo, where the second infrared rangefinder 11 is mainly used for detecting when to stop loading and unloading grains, for example, the total height of the conical silo is 18 meters, if the conical silo is loaded to a set height, for example, 17 meters, the second infrared rangefinder 11 sends an alarm to alert the staff to stop loading grains; when the second infrared distance meter 11 measures 18 meters in height, the second infrared distance meter 11 gives an alarm to warn the staff to stop the conveyor belt and close the grain discharging opening after finishing grain discharging.
S2, acquiring measurement data of a conical silo, wherein the measurement data comprise a cylinder diameter 1, a cylinder height 2, a bottom cone inclination angle 3, a bottom cone height 4, a bottom cone bus 5, an upper top inclination angle 6 and equipment side line length 8, and the equipment side line length 8 is the length of a first infrared range finder 7 away from the upper cone edge.
S3, acquiring the initial state, moisture and types of grains; the initial state is a grain loading state or a grain discharging state.
The conical silo can discharge and load more than 10 tons of grains at a time, so that the grains are loaded in a state shown in figure 2, and the grain pile tilts upwards. The grain is put down, and the grain state is shown in figure 3, and the grain pile is declined at the moment.
The grain loading state can be obtained in two ways, namely, after finishing grain loading, manually recording which conical silo is in the grain loading state; the other is that whether the grain is loaded or not can be obtained by the difference value between the second infrared distance meter 11 and the first infrared distance meter 7. And otherwise, obtaining which conical silo is in a grain discharging state.
S4, obtaining the repose angle of the grains according to the corresponding relation between the moisture and the variety of the grains and the repose angle of the grains.
The correspondence of grain moisture, species and grain angle of repose is shown in the following table:
The water content of the grain can be known in the test link before the grain is put into the bin, and the water change amplitude is small and can be almost ignored after the grain is put into the conical silo. According to the kind of each grain, by taking the grain moisture as the abscissa and the repose angle as the ordinate, a linear function between the moisture and the repose angle can be obtained, so that the degree of the repose angle can be obtained according to the moisture content. The static angle has the same meaning as the grain static friction angle. Only the angle of repose of a portion of the grain grains is shown in the table above, and the angle of repose of other grains can also be measured.
S5, calculating the volume of the grain in the conical silo according to the initial state of the grain, the static friction angle, the type, the measured data of the conical silo and the grain height obtained by the first infrared range finder and/or the radar level gauge.
The method for calculating the volume of the grain in the conical silo comprises the following steps:
(1) If the grain is in a grain loading state, the grain resting angle is larger than the upper roof inclination angle 6 of the bin roof, and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter 7 is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, the volume of the grain can be divided into an upper cone volume V11, a middle cylinder volume V12 and a lower cone volume V13, and at the moment, the volume V=v11+v12+v13 of the grain. As shown in fig. 2, the upper inclined dotted line and the lower inclined dotted line in the drawing are parallel lines of the grain surface, and the vertical distance between the two dotted lines is the range between the first threshold value and the second threshold value (i.e., the thick dotted line in fig. 2).
The length of the first threshold is as follows:
S first threshold value ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )-tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))
The length of the second threshold is as follows:
S second threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V11＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V12=pi×r cylinder radius 2 * (h cylinder height- (S void height-S device edge length sin (Ang upper roof angle)) -S device edge length cos (Ang upper roof angle))
V13＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(2) If the grain is in a grain loading state, the grain resting angle is smaller than the upper roof inclination angle 6 of the bin roof, and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter 7 is larger than a third threshold value and smaller than a fourth threshold value, the volume of the grain can be divided into an upper cone volume V21, a middle cylinder volume V22 and a lower cone volume V23, and at the moment, the volume V=v21+v22+v23 of the grain. As shown in fig. 4, the upper inclined dotted line and the lower inclined dotted line in the drawing are parallel lines of the grain surface, and the vertical distance between the two dotted lines is the range between the third threshold value and the fourth threshold value (i.e., the thick dotted line in fig. 4).
The length of the third threshold is:
S third threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*(tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )-tan(Ang( Angle of repose of cereal )))
The length of the fourth threshold is:
S fourth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V21＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V22＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Third threshold value ))
V23＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2*r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(3) If the grain is loaded, when the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter 7 is greater than the fifth threshold and less than the sixth threshold, the volume of the grain may be divided into an upper cone volume V31 and a lower cone volume V32, and at this time, the volume v=v31+v32 of the grain is as shown in fig. 5.
The length of the fifth threshold is:
S fifth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the sixth threshold is:
S sixth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
in fig. 5, x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared rangefinder 7, i.e. the width of the rectangle in fig. 5.
S Height of the material ＝x*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
S Height of the material ＝S Sixth threshold value -S Empty height In addition, the height of the material can also pass through a radar objectThe potentiometer directly measures.
X=s Height of the material /(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
r Radius of grain cone ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V31＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V32＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(4) If the grain is placed and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter 7 is greater than the seventh threshold and less than the eighth threshold, the volume of the grain may be divided into an upper cone volume V41, a middle cylinder volume V42 and a lower cone volume V43, where the volume of the grain v=v42+v43-V41, as shown in fig. 3.
The length of the seventh threshold is:
S seventh threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the eighth threshold is:
S eighth threshold value ＝S Seventh threshold value +h Cylinder height
The volume of each part is as follows:
V41＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V42＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Seventh threshold value ))
V43＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(5) If the grain is placed and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter 7 is greater than the ninth threshold and less than the tenth threshold, the volume of the grain may be divided into an upper cone volume V51 and a lower cone volume V52, and at this time, the volume v=v51+v52 of the grain is as shown in fig. 6. It is worth noting that the slope of the cone at the bottom of the cone-shaped silo (namely, the angle of 90 degrees-the inclination angle of the bottom cone is 3) is larger than the repose angle of the grain pile, so that the phenomenon that grains are attached to the side wall and do not slide down does not occur.
The length of the ninth threshold is:
S ninth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))+h Cylinder height
The length of the tenth threshold is:
S tenth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
in fig. 6, x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared rangefinder 7, i.e. the width of the rectangle in fig. 6.
S Height of the material ＝x*(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
X=s Height of the material /(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
S Height of the material ＝S Tenth threshold value -S Empty height In addition, the material height can also be directly measured through a radar level gauge.
r Grain pile radius ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V51＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V52＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
S6, obtaining the total mass of the grains according to the volume of the grains in the conical silo and the density of the grains.
The grain density is obtained by assaying before warehousing, and the moisture content is required to be combined with the grain density.
Therefore, the method for automatically measuring the grain quantity in the conical silo provided by the embodiment can conveniently calculate the quantity of materials in the conical silo and is convenient for accounting; because larger errors exist in the feeding and discharging engineering, the method can obviously improve the measurement precision after the feeding and discharging is finished, and the errors can be corrected manually and automatically by moving average after the errors are tested to be within +/-3 percent. The grain height warning position can be monitored, and related staff can be informed in real time through mails or short messages after the communication module is installed.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a device for automatically measuring grain quantity of a conical silo, which comprises the conical silo, a first infrared distance meter and a radar level meter, wherein the first infrared distance meter 7 and the radar level meter 10 are arranged on the side wall of the conical silo, which is at the same height, of an upper cone, and the device can realize grain quantity measurement by the method for automatically measuring grain quantity of the conical silo.
Further, the device also comprises a second infrared distance meter 11, wherein the second infrared distance meter 11 is arranged at the conical tip of the upper cone of the conical silo and is used for obtaining the empty height of grains in the vertical direction, so that workers are reminded of when to stop loading and discharging grains.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a system for automatically measuring grain quantity of a conical silo, which comprises:
the device for automatically measuring the grain quantity of the conical silo comprises the conical silo, a first infrared distance meter and a radar level gauge, wherein the first infrared distance meter 7 and the radar level gauge 10 are arranged on the side wall of the conical silo, which has the same height as the upper cone;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring measurement data of the first infrared range finder 7 and the radar level gauge 10;
The storage module is used for storing measurement data of the conical silo, the initial state of grains, moisture and types, wherein the measurement data comprise a cylinder diameter 1, a cylinder height 2, a bottom cone inclination angle 3, a bottom cone height 4, a bottom cone busbar 5, an upper top inclination angle 6 and equipment side line length 8, and the equipment side line length 8 is the length of the first infrared range finder 7 from the upper cone edge; the initial state is a grain loading state or a grain discharging state;
the relational database module is used for obtaining the repose angle of the grains according to the corresponding relation between the moisture and the variety of the grains and the repose angle of the grains;
the calculation module is used for calculating the volume and the total mass of the grains in the conical silo according to the initial state of the grains, the static friction angle, the type, the measurement data of the conical silo and the grain height obtained by the first infrared range finder and/or the radar level gauge;
and the visualization module is used for displaying the calculated volume and total mass of the grains in the conical silo in real time.
Further, the system further comprises a second infrared distance meter 11, wherein the second infrared distance meter 11 is arranged at the conical tip of the upper cone of the conical silo, and is used for obtaining the empty height of grains in the vertical direction, so that workers are reminded of when to stop loading and discharging grains.
The computing module comprises a determining module and a sub-computing module.
(1) If the determining module determines that grains in the conical silo are in a grain loading state, and the grain resting angle is larger than the upper roof inclination angle 6 of the top of the silo, the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder 7 is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V11, a middle cylinder volume V12 and a lower cone volume V13, at which time the volume of the grain v=v11+v12+v13. As shown in fig. 2, the upper inclined dotted line and the lower inclined dotted line in the drawing are parallel lines of the grain surface, and the vertical distance between the two dotted lines is the range between the first threshold value and the second threshold value (i.e., the thick dotted line in fig. 2).
The length of the first threshold is as follows:
S first threshold value ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )-tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))
The length of the second threshold is as follows:
S second threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V11＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V12=pi×r cylinder radius 2 * (h cylinder height- (S void height-S device edge length sin (Ang upper roof angle)) -S device edge length cos (Ang upper roof angle))
V13＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(2) If the determining module determines that grains in the conical silo are in a grain loading state, and the grain resting angle is smaller than the upper roof inclination angle 6 of the top of the silo, the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder 7 is larger than a third threshold value and smaller than a fourth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V21, a middle cylinder volume V22 and a lower cone volume V23, at which time the volume of the grain v=v21+v22+v23. As shown in fig. 4, the upper inclined dotted line and the lower inclined dotted line in the drawing are parallel lines of the grain surface, and the vertical distance between the two dotted lines is the range between the third threshold value and the fourth threshold value (i.e., the thick dotted line in fig. 4).
The length of the third threshold is:
S third threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*(tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )-tan(Ang( Angle of repose of cereal )))
The length of the fourth threshold is:
S fourth threshold value ＝S Apparatus and method for controlling the operation of a deviceEdge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V21＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V22＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Third threshold value ))
V23＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(3) If the determining module determines that the grain in the conical silo is in a grain loading state, when the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder 7 is larger than a fifth threshold value and smaller than a sixth threshold value;
The sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V31 and a lower cone volume V32, where the volume of the grain v=v31+v32, as shown in fig. 5.
The length of the fifth threshold is:
S fifth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the sixth threshold is:
S sixth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
in fig. 5, x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared rangefinder 7, i.e. the width of the rectangle in fig. 5.
S Height of the material ＝x*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
S Height of the material ＝S Sixth threshold value -S Empty height In addition, the material height can also be directly measured through a radar level gauge.
X=s Height of the material /(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
r Radius of grain cone ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V31＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V32＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(4) If the determining module determines that the grain in the conical silo is in a grain discharging state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder 7 is larger than a seventh threshold value and smaller than an eighth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V41, a middle cylinder volume V42 and a lower cone volume V43, where the volume of the grain v=v42+v43-V41, as shown in fig. 3.
The length of the seventh threshold is:
S seventh threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the eighth threshold is:
S eighth threshold value ＝S Seventh threshold value +h Cylinder height
The volume of each part is as follows:
V41＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V42＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Seventh threshold value ))
V43＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(5) If the determining module determines that the grain in the conical silo is in a grain discharging state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder 7 is larger than a ninth threshold value and smaller than a tenth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V51 and a lower cone volume V52, where the volume of the grain v=v51+v52, as shown in fig. 6.
The length of the ninth threshold is:
S ninth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))+h Cylinder height
The length of the tenth threshold is:
S tenth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
in fig. 6, x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared rangefinder 7, i.e. the width of the rectangle in fig. 6.
S Height of the material ＝x*(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
X=s Height of the material /(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
S Height of the material ＝S Tenth threshold value -S Empty height In addition, the material height can also be directly measured through a radar level gauge.
r Grain pile radius ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V51＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V52＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )。
The system uses the radar-based level meter and the infrared range finder to measure the distance to generate the height of the material, uses the data acquisition module to carry out signal transmission, matches the system calculation module to carry out automatic algorithm analysis, calculates the weight and the volume of the material in the conical cylindrical bin, ensures that workers do not need to climb up to look over frequently, ensures that the safety of the workers and the production flow are carried out smoothly, and does not need to repeatedly transport out and return when the cost is calculated in batches, thereby improving the efficiency.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The method for automatically measuring the grain quantity of the conical silo is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, mounting a first infrared distance meter and a radar level gauge on the side wall of the same height of an upper cone of a conical silo, and measuring the empty height between the height of a grain surface in the vertical direction in the conical silo and the first infrared distance meter or the radar level gauge;
s2, acquiring measurement data of a conical silo, wherein the measurement data comprise a cylinder diameter, a cylinder height, a bottom cone inclination angle, a bottom cone height, a bottom cone bus, an upper top inclination angle and equipment side line length, and the equipment side line length is the length of a first infrared range finder from the edge of an upper cone;
s3, acquiring the initial state, moisture and types of grains; the initial state is a grain loading state or a grain discharging state;
s4, obtaining the repose angle of the grains according to the corresponding relation between the moisture and the variety of the grains and the repose angle of the grains;
s5, calculating the volume of the grains in the conical silo according to the initial state of the grains, the static friction angle, the type, the measured data of the conical silo and the grain height obtained by the first infrared range finder and/or the radar level gauge;
s6, obtaining the total mass of the grains according to the volume of the grains in the conical silo and the density of the grains;
In the step S5, the method for calculating the volume of the grains in the conical silo comprises the following steps:
(1) If the grain is in a grain loading state, the grain resting angle is larger than the upper top inclination angle of the bin top, and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V11, a middle cylinder volume V12 and a lower cone volume V13, wherein the volume V=v11+v12+v13 of the grain at the moment;
the length of the first threshold is as follows:
S first threshold value ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )-tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))
The length of the second threshold is as follows:
S second threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V11＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V12=pi×r cylinder radius 2 * (h cylinder height- (S void height-S device edge length sin (Ang upper roof angle)) -S device edge length cos (Ang upper roof angle))
V13＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(2) If the grain is in a grain loading state, the grain resting angle is smaller than the upper top inclination angle of the bin top, and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a third threshold value and smaller than a fourth threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V21, a middle cylinder volume V22 and a lower cone volume V23, wherein the volume V=v21+v22+v23 of the grain at the moment;
The length of the third threshold is:
S third threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*(tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )-tan(Ang( Angle of repose of cereal )))
The length of the fourth threshold is:
S fourth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V21＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V22＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Third threshold value ))
V23＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(3) If the grain is loaded, when the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a fifth threshold value and smaller than a sixth threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V31 and a lower cone volume V32, wherein the volume V=v31+v32 of the grain;
the length of the fifth threshold is:
S fifth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the sixth threshold is:
S sixth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared distance meter,
S height of the material ＝x*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
S Height of the material ＝S Sixth threshold value -S Empty height
X=s Height of the material /(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
r Radius of grain cone ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V31＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V32＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(4) If the grain is in a grain discharging state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a seventh threshold value and smaller than an eighth threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V41, a middle cylinder volume V42 and a lower cone volume V43, wherein the volume V=v42+v43-V41 of the grain at the moment;
the length of the seventh threshold is:
S seventh threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the eighth threshold is:
S eighth threshold value ＝S Seventh threshold value +h Cylinder height
The volume of each part is as follows:
V41＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V42＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Seventh threshold value ))
V43＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(5) If the grain is placed and the empty height measured by the first infrared distance meter is larger than a ninth threshold value and smaller than a tenth threshold value, dividing the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V51 and a lower cone volume V52, wherein the volume V=v51+v52 of the grain at the moment;
The length of the ninth threshold is:
S ninth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))+h Cylinder height
The length of the tenth threshold is:
S tenth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared distance meter;
S height of the material ＝x*(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
X=s Height of the material /(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
S Height of the material ＝S Tenth threshold value -S Empty height
r Grain pile radius ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V51＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V52＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )。
2. The method for automatically measuring the grain quantity in a conical silo according to claim 1, further comprising installing a second infrared rangefinder on the tip of the upper cone of the conical silo.
3. An automatic measuring device for grain quantity in a conical silo, which is characterized by comprising the conical silo, a first infrared distance meter and a radar level meter, wherein the first infrared distance meter and the radar level meter are arranged on the side wall of the conical silo, which is at the same height, of an upper cone, and the device realizes grain quantity measurement by the automatic measuring method for grain quantity in the conical silo according to any one of claims 1-2.
4. The device for automatically measuring the grain quantity of the conical silo according to claim 3, wherein,
the device also comprises a second infrared range finder, wherein the second infrared range finder is arranged at the conical tip of the upper cone of the conical silo.
5. A system for automatically measuring the quantity of grain in a conical silo, comprising:
the device for automatically measuring the grain quantity of the conical silo comprises the conical silo, a first infrared distance meter and a radar level gauge, wherein the first infrared distance meter and the radar level gauge are arranged on the side wall of the conical silo, which has the same height as the upper cone;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring measurement data of the first infrared range finder and the radar level gauge;
the storage module is used for storing measurement data of the conical silo, the initial state of grains, moisture and types, wherein the measurement data comprise cylinder diameter, cylinder height, bottom cone inclination angle, bottom cone height, bottom cone bus, upper top inclination angle and equipment side line length, and the equipment side line length is the length of the first infrared range finder from the upper cone edge; the initial state is a grain loading state or a grain discharging state;
the relational database module is used for obtaining the repose angle of the grains according to the corresponding relation between the moisture and the variety of the grains and the repose angle of the grains;
The calculation module is used for calculating the volume and the total mass of the grains in the conical silo according to the initial state of the grains, the static friction angle, the type, the measurement data of the conical silo and the grain height obtained by the first infrared range finder and/or the radar level gauge;
the visualization module is used for displaying the calculated volume and total mass of grains in the conical silo in real time;
the computing module comprises a determining module and a sub-computing module; the method for calculating the volume of the grains in the conical silo comprises the following steps:
(1) If the determining module determines that grains in the conical silo are in a grain loading state, and the grain resting angle is larger than the upper roof inclination angle of the top of the silo, the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V11, a middle cylinder volume V12 and a lower cone volume V13, wherein the volume V=v11+v12+v13 of the grain;
the length of the first threshold is as follows:
S first threshold value ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )-tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))
The length of the second threshold is as follows:
S second threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V11＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V12=pi×r cylinder radius 2 * (h cylinder height- (S void height-S device edge length sin (Ang upper roof angle)) -S device edge length cos (Ang upper roof angle))
V13＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(2) If the determining module determines that grains in the conical silo are in a grain loading state, and the grain resting angle is smaller than the upper roof inclination angle of the top of the silo, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a third threshold value and smaller than a fourth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V21, a middle cylinder volume V22 and a lower cone volume V23, wherein the volume V=v21+v22+v23 of the grain;
the length of the third threshold is:
s first Three threshold Value = S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*(tan(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )-tan(Ang( Angle of repose of cereal )))
The length of the fourth threshold is:
S fourth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
V21＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V22＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Third threshold value ))
V23＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(3) If the determining module determines that the grain in the conical silo is in a grain loading state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a fifth threshold value and smaller than a sixth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V31 and a lower cone volume V32, wherein the volume V=V31+V32 of the grain at the moment;
the length of the fifth threshold is:
S fifth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height -(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
The length of the sixth threshold is:
S sixth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared distance meter,
S height of the material ＝x*(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
S Height of the material ＝S Sixth threshold value -S Empty height
X=s Height of the material /(tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )+tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
r Radius of grain cone ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V31＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V32＝1/3*π*r Radius of grain cone 2 *r Radius of grain cone *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(4) If the determining module determines that the grain in the conical silo is in a grain discharging state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a seventh threshold value and smaller than an eighth threshold value;
The sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V41, a middle cylinder volume V42 and a lower cone volume V43, wherein the volume V=v42+v43-V41 of the grain;
the length of the seventh threshold is:
S seventh threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Top roofInclination angle ) +sin (Ang grain repose angle)
The length of the eighth threshold is:
S eighth threshold value ＝S Seventh threshold value +h Cylinder height
The volume of each part is as follows:
V41＝1/3*π*r radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V42＝π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *(h Cylinder height -(S Empty height -S Seventh threshold value ))
V43＝1/3*π*r Radius of cylinder 2 *r Radius of cylinder *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )
(5) If the determining module determines that the grain in the conical silo is in a grain discharging state, and the empty height measured by the first infrared range finder is larger than a ninth threshold value and smaller than a tenth threshold value;
the sub-calculation module divides the volume of the grain into an upper cone volume V51 and a lower cone volume V52, wherein the volume V=v51+v52 of the grain at the moment;
the length of the ninth threshold is:
S ninth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *(sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+sin(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))+h Cylinder height
The length of the tenth threshold is:
S tenth threshold value ＝S Equipment edge length *sin(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )+h Cylinder height +(S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle )*tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone ))
The volume of each part is as follows:
x is the horizontal distance between the edge of the grain pile and the vertical direction of the first infrared distance meter,
S height of the material ＝x*(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal ))
X=s Height of the material /(tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )-tan(Ang The grains are stationaryCorner angle ))
S Height of the material ＝S Tenth threshold value -S Empty height
r Grain pile radius ＝(r Radius of cylinder -S Equipment edge length *cos(Ang Upper roof inclination angle ))+x
V51＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(Ang Angle of repose of cereal )
V52＝1/3*π*r Grain pile radius 2 *r Grain pile radius *tan(90-Ang Inclination angle of bottom cone )。
6. The system for automatically measuring the grain quantity in a conical silo according to claim 5, wherein,
the system also comprises a second infrared range finder, wherein the second infrared range finder is arranged at the conical tip of the upper cone of the conical silo and is used for obtaining the empty height of grains in the vertical direction, so that workers are reminded of when to stop loading and discharging grains.
CN202210384764.XA 2022-04-13 2022-04-13 Method, device and system for automatically measuring grain quantity of conical silo Active CN114964437B (en)

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