CN114963613A

CN114963613A - Heat pump system and car

Info

Publication number: CN114963613A
Application number: CN202210563680.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段威威; 瞿晓华; 于占军
Original assignee: Fuao Zhiyan Shanghai Automobile Technology Co ltd; Thermal System Technology Branch Of Fuao Auto Parts Co ltd; Fawer Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fuao Zhiyan Shanghai Automobile Technology Co ltd; Thermal System Technology Branch Of Fuao Auto Parts Co ltd; Fawer Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-23
Filing date: 2022-05-23
Publication date: 2022-08-30

Abstract

The application relates to the field of heat pumps, in particular to a heat pump system and an automobile. The heat pump system comprises a refrigerant loop, a first cold water branch and a first hot water branch, wherein the refrigerant loop comprises a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, an inlet of the first cold water branch is communicated with a second outlet of the evaporator, an outlet of the first cold water branch is communicated with a second inlet of the evaporator, cold water in the first cold water branch flows through a heat exchange unit in a first state, an inlet of the first hot water branch is communicated with a second outlet of the condenser, an outlet of the first hot water branch is communicated with a second inlet of the condenser, hot water in the first hot water branch flows through the heat exchange unit in a second state, and the heat exchange unit can exchange heat with hot gas to be exchanged. According to the heat pump system and the automobile, the problems that a refrigerant pipeline of an existing heat pump system is complex, and a natural and environment-friendly combustible refrigerant is not suitable are solved.

Description

Heat pump system and car

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of heat pumps, in particular to a heat pump system and an automobile.

Background

A heat pump system or a PTC heating element is usually mounted on a new energy electric vehicle to adjust the temperature. However, the efficiency of the PTC heating element is always less than 1, the energy of the battery is consumed greatly, and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle can be greatly reduced. With the increasing requirements of users on the endurance mileage of electric vehicles, various heat pump systems are in operation. At present, a heat pump air conditioner on a new energy electric vehicle mainly adopts a direct heat pump system, namely, an evaporator in an air conditioner box of a passenger compartment is utilized to cool the passenger compartment, an internal condenser is utilized to heat the passenger compartment, and a plate type heat exchanger for cooling a battery pack is added, so that a system with a plurality of heat exchangers is formed by connecting refrigerants.

However, in this type of direct heat pump system, due to the large number of heat exchangers, the refrigerant circuit has many modes, the refrigerant circuit has a complicated trend, the pipeline has a long size, the number of electromagnetic shutoff valves and throttle valves of the refrigerant circuit is large, and the refrigerant arranged in the instrument panel air conditioning cabinet of the passenger compartment has a possibility of leakage, so that the natural and environment-friendly flammable refrigerant is not suitable for use here.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a heat pump system and an automobile, so that the problems that a refrigerant pipeline of an existing heat pump system is complex, and a natural and environment-friendly combustible refrigerant is not suitable are solved.

According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a heat pump system, the heat pump system comprising a refrigerant circuit, a first cold water branch and a first hot water branch, the refrigerant circuit comprising a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, an outlet of the compressor being communicated with a first inlet of the condenser, a first outlet of the condenser being communicated with a first inlet of the evaporator, a first outlet of the evaporator being communicated with an inlet of the compressor, an inlet of the first cold water branch being communicated with a second outlet of the evaporator, an outlet of the first cold water branch being communicated with a second inlet of the evaporator, in a first state, cold water in the first cold water branch flowing through the heat exchange unit, an inlet of the first hot water branch being communicated with a second outlet of the condenser, an outlet of the first hot water branch being communicated with a second inlet of the condenser, in a second state, the hot water in the first hot water branch flows through the heat exchange unit, and the heat exchange unit can exchange heat with the gas to be heated.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the heat pump system further includes a cooling unit, in the first state, the hot water in the first hot water branch flows through the cooling unit, and in the second state, the cold water in the first cold water branch flows through the cooling unit.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the heat pump system further includes a first four-way valve and a second four-way valve, the first cold water branch includes a first path and a second path, the first hot water branch includes a third path and a fourth path, an inlet of the first path is communicated with a second outlet of the evaporator, an outlet of the first path is connected to a first water inlet of the first four-way valve, in the first state, a first water inlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with a first water outlet of the first four-way valve, in the second state, a first water inlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with a second water outlet of the first four-way valve, an outlet of the second path is communicated with a second inlet of the evaporator, an inlet of the second path is connected to a second water outlet of the second four-way valve, in the first state, a second water outlet of the second four-way valve is communicated with a second water inlet of the second four-way valve, in the second state, a second water outlet of the second four-way valve is communicated with a first water inlet of the second four-way valve, an inlet of the third path is communicated with a second outlet of the condenser, an outlet of the third path is connected with a second water inlet of the first four-way valve, in the first state, a second water inlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with a second water outlet of the first four-way valve, in the second state, a second water inlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with a first water outlet of the first four-way valve, an outlet of the fourth path is communicated with a second inlet of the condenser, an inlet of the fourth path is connected with a first water outlet of the first four-way valve, in the first state, a first water outlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with a first water inlet of the first four-way valve, and in the second state, a first water outlet of the second four-way valve is communicated with a second water inlet of the first four-way valve.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the heat pump system further includes a first three-way valve, a water inlet of the first three-way valve is connected to a first water outlet of the first four-way valve, a second water outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to an inlet end of the heat exchange unit, and an outlet end of the heat exchange unit is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the heat pump system further includes a second three-way valve and a battery pack, a first water inlet of the second three-way valve is connected to a first water outlet of the first three-way valve, a first water outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to an inlet end of the battery pack, and an outlet end of the battery pack is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the heat pump system further includes a third three-way valve, the heat exchange unit includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, a water inlet of the third three-way valve is connected to a second water outlet of the first three-way valve, a second water outlet of the third three-way valve is connected to a water inlet end of the second heat exchanger, a water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve, a first water outlet of the third three-way valve is connected to a water inlet end of the first heat exchanger, and a water outlet end of the first heat exchanger is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the heat pump system further includes a fourth three-way valve and a fifth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve is disposed on the fourth path, the fifth three-way valve is disposed on the third path, a water inlet of the fourth three-way valve is connected to a water outlet end of the second heat exchanger, a first water outlet of the fourth three-way valve is connected to the second inlet of the condenser, a second water outlet of the fourth three-way valve is connected to the second water inlet of the second four-way valve, a water inlet of the fifth three-way valve is connected to the second outlet of the condenser, a first water outlet of the fifth three-way valve is connected to the second water inlet of the first four-way valve, and a second water outlet of the fifth three-way valve is connected to a water inlet end of the first heat exchanger.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the cooling unit includes a water tank, a second water outlet of the first four-way valve is connected to a water inlet end of the water tank, and a water outlet end of the water tank is connected to a first water inlet of the second four-way valve.

According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided an automobile comprising a heat pump system as described above.

In any of the above technical solutions, further, the automobile includes an automobile front cabin and an automobile passenger cabin, the refrigerant circuit is disposed in the automobile front cabin, the heat exchange unit is disposed in the automobile passenger cabin, and the refrigerant is a flammable refrigerant.

According to the heat pump system of this application, heat pump system includes the refrigerant circuit, first cold water branch road and first hot water branch road, wherein, the refrigerant circuit includes the compressor, the condenser, and the evaporimeter, the export of compressor communicates the first entry of condenser, the first entry of export intercommunication evaporimeter of condenser, the entry of the first export intercommunication compressor of evaporimeter, the second export of the entry intercommunication evaporimeter of the first cold water way branch road of this application, the second entry of the export intercommunication evaporimeter in first cold water way, under first state, the cold water in the first cold water branch road flows through heat transfer unit, make the cold air and the indoor hot air of car that heat transfer unit formed carry out the heat transfer (cool down indoor). The inlet of the first hot water branch is communicated with the second outlet of the condenser, the outlet of the first hot water branch and the second inlet of the condenser, and in the second state, hot water in the first hot water branch flows through the heat exchange unit, so that hot air formed by the heat exchange unit exchanges heat with cold air in an automobile room (heats the room). This application carries out the heat transfer through the liquid in refrigerant and the water route, is being carried out the heat transfer with liquid and indoor air by heat transfer unit, and this application not only refrigerant return circuit is simple, and the refrigerant return circuit can set up in the car front deck, and heat transfer unit can set up in car passenger cabin, and consequently, the refrigerant can adopt flammable refrigerant, does not have the refrigerant to reveal the condition that takes place danger in the passenger cabin.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 illustrates an overall flow schematic of a heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 shows an overall flow diagram of a heat pump system according to another embodiment of the present application.

Icon: 50-a first path; 20-a second path; 30-a third path; 40-a fourth path; 1-a refrigerant circuit; 1.1-compressor; 1.2-a condenser; 1.3-a liquid storage tank; 1.4-electronic expansion valve; 1.5-evaporator; 2-a heat exchange unit; 2.1-a first heat exchanger; 2.2-a second heat exchanger; 2.3-a blower; 3-a cooling unit; 3.1-fan; 3.2-water tank; 4.1 — a first pump; 4.2-a second pump; 4.3-a third pump; 5.1-a fifth three-way valve; 5.2-a third three-way valve; 5.3-first three-way valve; 5.4-a seventh three-way valve; 6.1-a second three-way valve; 6.2-sixth three-way valve; 6.3-fourth three-way valve; 7.1-a first four-way valve; 7.2-a second four-way valve; 8.1-a first expansion tank; 8.2-second expansion kettle; 9-a heat generating component; 10-a heater.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in obtaining a thorough understanding of the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the disclosure of the present application. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example, which is not limited to the order set forth herein, but rather, variations may be made in addition to operations which must occur in a particular order, which will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of the present application. Moreover, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness.

The features described herein may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided merely to illustrate some of the many possible ways to implement the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

Throughout the specification, when an element (such as a layer, region, or substrate) is described as being "on," "connected to," coupled to, "over," or "overlying" another element, it may be directly "on," "connected to," coupled to, "over," or "overlying" the other element, or one or more other elements may be present therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to," directly coupled to, "directly over" or "directly overlying" another element, there may be no intervening elements present.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more of the items.

Although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers or sections should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section referred to in the examples described herein may be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the examples.

For ease of description, spatial relationship terms such as "above … …," "upper," "below … …," and "lower" may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. Such spatial relationship terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "upper" relative to other elements would then be oriented "below" or "lower" relative to the other elements. Thus, the term "above … …" includes both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …" depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms also are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having" specify the presence of stated features, quantities, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and/or combinations thereof.

Variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, may be expected. Thus, the examples described herein are not limited to the particular shapes shown in the drawings, but include changes in shape that occur during manufacturing.

The features of the examples described herein may be combined in various ways that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application. Further, while the examples described herein have a variety of configurations, other configurations are possible, as will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

The first aspect of the present application provides a heat pump system, thereby solving the problems of the existing heat pump system that the refrigerant pipeline is complicated and the natural and environment-friendly flammable refrigerant is not suitable.

Before the application is provided, a heat pump air conditioner on the existing new energy electric vehicle mainly adopts a direct heat pump system, namely, an evaporator in an air conditioner box of a passenger compartment is used for cooling the passenger compartment, an internal condenser is used for heating the passenger compartment, and a plate type heat exchanger used for cooling a battery pack is added, so that a system with multiple heat exchangers is formed by connecting refrigerants. However, in this type of direct heat pump system, due to the large number of heat exchangers, the refrigerant circuit has many modes, the refrigerant circuit has a complicated trend, the pipeline has a long size, the number of electromagnetic shutoff valves and throttle valves of the refrigerant circuit is large, and the refrigerant arranged in the instrument panel air conditioning cabinet of the passenger compartment has a possibility of leakage, so that the natural and environment-friendly flammable refrigerant is not suitable for use here.

In view of this, according to the first aspect of the present application, a heat pump system is provided, the heat pump system includes a refrigerant circuit 1, a first cold water branch and a first hot water branch, wherein the refrigerant circuit 1 includes a compressor 1.1, a condenser 1.2 and an evaporator 1.5, an outlet of the compressor 1.1 is communicated with a first inlet of the condenser 1.2, a first outlet of the condenser 1.2 is communicated with a first inlet of the evaporator 1.5, a first outlet of the evaporator 1.5 is communicated with an inlet of the compressor 1.1, an inlet of the first cold water branch of the present application is communicated with a second outlet of the evaporator 1.5, an outlet of the first cold water branch is communicated with a second inlet of the evaporator 1.5, and in a first state, cold water in the first cold water branch flows through a heat exchange unit, so that cold air formed by the heat exchange unit exchanges heat with hot air in an automobile (cools a room). The inlet of the first hot water branch is communicated with the second outlet of the condenser, the outlet of the first hot water branch and the second inlet of the condenser, and in the second state, hot water in the first hot water branch flows through the heat exchange unit, so that hot air formed by the heat exchange unit exchanges heat with cold air in an automobile room (heats the room). This application carries out the heat transfer through the liquid in refrigerant and the water route, is being carried out the heat transfer with liquid and indoor air by heat transfer unit, and this application not only refrigerant return circuit is simple, and the refrigerant return circuit can set up in the car front deck, and heat transfer unit can set up in car passenger cabin, and consequently, the refrigerant can adopt flammable refrigerant, does not have the refrigerant to reveal the condition that takes place danger in the passenger cabin.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system may further include a cooling unit 3, in which the hot water in the first hot water branch can flow through the cooling unit 3, and in which the cold water in the first cold water branch can flow through the cooling unit 3.

The specific structure of the heat pump system and the specific flow of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit will be described in detail hereinafter.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system may further include a first four-way valve 7.1 and a second four-way valve 7.2, wherein the first cold water branch may include a first path 50 and a second path 20, the first hot water branch may include a third path 30 and a fourth path 40, an inlet of the first path 50 communicates with a second outlet of the evaporator 1.5, an outlet of the first path 50 is connected with a first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, in a first state, a first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with a first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, in a second state, a first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with a second water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, an outlet of the second path 20 communicates with a second inlet of the evaporator 1.5, an inlet of the second path 20 is connected with a second water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2, in the first state, a second water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2 is communicated with a second water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2, in the second state, the second water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2 is communicated with the first water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2, the inlet of the third path 30 is communicated with the second outlet of the condenser 1.2, the outlet of the third path 30 is connected with the second water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, in the first state, the second water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with the second water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, in the second state, the second water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with the first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, the outlet of the fourth path 40 is communicated with the second inlet of the condenser 1.2, the inlet of the fourth path 40 is connected with the first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, in the first state, the first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with the first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, in the second state, the first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with the second water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system may further include a first three-way valve 5.3, a water inlet of the first three-way valve 5.3 is connected to a first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, a second water outlet of the first three-way valve 5.3 is connected to an inlet end of the heat exchange unit 2, and an outlet end of the heat exchange unit 2 is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2. Here, the heat exchange unit 2 may be one heat exchanger or a heat exchanger group consisting of two heat exchangers, and a specific structure of the heat exchange unit 2 will be described in detail below.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system may further include a second three-way valve 6.1 and a battery pack, a first water inlet of the second three-way valve 6.1 is connected to a first water outlet of the first three-way valve 5.3, a first water outlet of the second three-way valve 6.1 is connected to an inlet end of the battery pack, and an outlet end of the battery pack is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2. What need to be described here is that on-the-spot personnel can flow through the battery package according to the cold water or the hot water in the demand control water route to cool off or heat the battery package, compare prior art and carry out the heat transfer through the refrigerant of a plurality of heat exchangers and battery package, practiced thrift a large amount of refrigerant pipelines.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system may further include a third three-way valve 5.2, the heat exchange unit 2 may include a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger 2.2, a water inlet of the third three-way valve 5.2 is connected to the second water outlet of the first three-way valve 5.3, the second water outlet of the third three-way valve 5.2 is connected to the water inlet of the second heat exchanger 2.2, a water outlet of the second heat exchanger 2.2 is connected to the second water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2, the first water outlet of the third three-way valve 5.2 is connected to the water inlet of the first heat exchanger, and the water outlet of the first heat exchanger 2.1 is connected to the second water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2. The third three-way valve 5.2 can be adjusted by field personnel as required to control the flow of water through the first and second heat exchangers 2.1, 2.2.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system may further include a fourth state, i.e., a dehumidification process, and therefore, the heat pump system may further include a fourth three-way valve 6.3 and a fifth three-way valve 5.1, the fourth three-way valve 6.3 is disposed on the fourth path 40, the fifth three-way valve 5.1 is disposed on the third path 30, a water inlet of the fourth three-way valve 6.3 is connected to a water outlet of the second heat exchanger 2.2, a first water outlet of the fourth three-way valve 6.3 is connected to a second inlet of the condenser 1.2, a second water outlet of the fourth three-way valve 6.3 is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2, a water inlet of the fifth three-way valve 5.1 is connected to a second outlet of the condenser 1.2, a first water outlet of the fifth three-way valve 5.1 is connected to a second water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, and a second water outlet of the fifth three-way valve 5.1 is connected to a water inlet of the first heat exchanger 2.1. This dehumidification process will be described in detail below.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the cooling unit 3 may include a water tank 3.2 and a fan 3.1, wherein the second water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is connected to the water inlet of the water tank 3.2, and the water outlet of the water tank 3.2 is connected to the first water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2.

It should be noted that (as shown in fig. 1, the left openings of the first four-way valve 7.1 and the second four-way valve 7.2 are the first water inlet of the four-way valve, the right side is the second water inlet of the four-way valve, the upper side is the first water outlet of the four-way valve, the lower side is the second water outlet of the four-way valve, the left opening of the first three-way valve 5.3 is the water inlet, the right side is the first water outlet, the lower side is the second water outlet, the left opening of the second three-way valve 6.1 is the water inlet, the right opening is the first water outlet, the upper opening of the third three-way valve 5.2 is the water inlet, the left opening is the first water outlet, the lower opening is the second water outlet, the left opening of the fifth three-way valve 5.1 is the water inlet, the left opening is the first water outlet, the opening on the right side is a second water outlet; the opening on the right side of the sixth three-way valve 6.2 is a water inlet, the opening on the lower side is a first water outlet, the opening on the upper side of the seventh three-way valve is a water inlet, and the openings on the left side and the right side are water outlets).

In the embodiment of the application, the specific working mode principle is as follows:

according to the refrigeration principle (namely, in a first state), at the moment, a first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with a first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, a second water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2 is communicated with a second water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2, a second water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with a second water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, and a first water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2 is communicated with a first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1.

The refrigeration principle is as follows:

the refrigerant circuit 1 flows: the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1.1 is cooled to saturation state by the condenser 1.2, the liquid storage tank 1.3 is throttled by the electronic expansion valve 1.4, and then the refrigerant returns to the compressor 1.1 after absorbing heat by the evaporator 1.5, thus completing a complete cycle. Here, the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser 1.2 is liquefied and converted into a liquid state, and heat is released in the liquefaction process, so that the water flowing out of the second outlet of the condenser 1.2 is high-temperature water, and the refrigerant in the evaporator 1.5 is converted from the liquid state into the gaseous state, gasified and absorbs heat. Therefore, the water flowing out of the second outlet of the evaporator 1.5 (the evaporator 1.5 may adopt a plate heat exchanger) is low-temperature water.

Low temperature water loop flow direction: the low-temperature water from the evaporator 1.5 is pressurized by the second pump 4.2 and then flows through the first four-way valve 7.1, then is distributed by the first three-way valve 5.3, one way is to the second three-way valve 6.1 to cool the battery pack by the third pump 4.3, the other way is to the low-temperature water by the third three-way valve 5.2, one way passes through the second heat exchanger 2.2, and the other way passes through the first heat exchanger 2.1 to cool the high-temperature air in the passenger compartment sent by the blower 2.3, so as to meet the requirement of cooling the passenger compartment (specifically, the low-temperature water passes through the radiating fins of the first heat exchanger 2.1 and the second heat exchanger 2.2 to cool the air around the radiating fins, so that the low-temperature air exchanges heat with the high-temperature air in the passenger compartment, and it is stated that the site personnel can adjust the third three-way valve 5.2 to control the water flow through the first heat exchanger 2.1 and the second heat exchanger 2.2) according to the requirement, the medium temperature water after the water flowing out of the first heat exchanger 2.1 and the second heat exchanger 2.2 and the water flowing out of the battery pack are converged passes through the second four-way valve 7.2, returns to the evaporator 1.5 through the first expansion water kettle 8.1 and the heater 10 to complete circulation, and the heater 10 does not work at this time.

High-temperature water circuit flow direction: the high-temperature water from the condenser 1.2 is changed in direction by the first pump 4.1, the fifth three-way valve 5.1 (a proportional valve) to the first four-way valve 7.1 (a change valve), then flows through the heat generating component 9 (a power component) to be further heated, then flows through the sixth three-way valve 6.2 to the cooling unit 3, is cooled by the water tank 3.2, then flows through the second four-way valve 7.2 (a change valve) to the second expansion kettle 8.2, and then returns to the condenser 1.2 to complete the circulation.

The heat pump heating and waste heat recovery principle is as follows: (namely, in the second state), at this time, the first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with the second water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, the second water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2 is communicated with the first water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2, the second water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with the first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, and the first water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2 is communicated with the second water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1.

The heat pump heating and waste heat recovery principle is as follows:

the refrigerant circuit 1 flow direction coincides with the flow direction in the cooling mode.

The low temperature water loop flows, the low temperature water from the evaporator 1.5 flows through the first four-way valve 7.1 after being pressurized by the second pump 4.2, then flows to the heating component 9 to absorb the residual heat, then flows to the cooling unit 3 through the sixth three-way valve 6.2, further absorbs the low temperature environment heat by the water tank 3.2, then flows to the first expansion water pot 8.1 through the second four-way valve 7.2, and returns to the evaporator 1.5 through the heater 10, thus completing a cycle. Here, the heater may be turned on as needed, and the heater 10 may be a PTC heater (Positive Temperature Coefficient).

High-temperature water circuit flow direction: the high temperature water from the condenser 1.2 is reversed by the first pump 4.1, passes through the fifth three-way valve 5.1 to the first four-way valve 7.1, then is distributed by the first three-way valve 5.3, one way is to the second three-way valve 6.1 to heat the battery pack by the third pump 4.3, the other way is to the high temperature water by the third three-way valve 5.2, one way passes through the first heat exchanger 2.1, the other way passes through the second heat exchanger 2.2 to heat the low temperature air in the passenger compartment sent by the blower 2.3, so as to realize the heating requirement of the passenger compartment (specifically, the high temperature water passes through the radiating fins of the first heat exchanger 2.1 and the second heat exchanger 2.2 to heat the air around the radiating fins, so that the high temperature air exchanges heat with the low temperature air in the passenger compartment, wherein, the field personnel can adjust the third three-way valve 5.2 to control the water flow through the first heat exchanger 2.1 and the second heat exchanger 2.2 according to the requirement), then, the medium temperature water after the water flowing out of the first heat exchanger 2.1 and the second heat exchanger 2.2 and the water flowing out of the battery pack are converged passes through the second four-way valve 7.2 and returns to the condenser 1.2 through the second expansion kettle 8.2, and the circulation is completed.

The deicing principle is as follows: (namely, in the third state), at this time, the first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with the first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, the second water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2 is communicated with the second water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2, the second water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is communicated with the second water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, and the first water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2 is communicated with the first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1.

The deicing principle is as follows:

the refrigerant circuit 1 flow direction coincides with that in the cooling mode.

Low temperature water loop flow direction: the low-temperature water from the evaporator 1.5 flows through the first four-way valve 7.1 after being pressurized by the second pump 4.2, then flows through the first three-way valve 5.3 and the second three-way valve 6.1 to the battery pack through the third pump 4.3 to absorb heat, then flows through the second four-way valve 7.2 to change the direction and then flows to the second expansion kettle 8.2 and the heater 10 to return to the evaporator 1.5, the circulation is completed, and at the moment, the heater does not work.

High-temperature water circuit flow direction: the high temperature water from the condenser 1.2 is pressurized by the first pump 4.1, is changed to the first four-way valve 7.1 by the fifth three-way valve 5.1, flows through the heating component 9 for further heating, then flows to the cooling unit 3 by the sixth three-way valve 6.2, is deiced on the water tank 3.2, then flows to the second expansion kettle 8.2 by the second four-way valve 7.2, and then returns to the condenser 1.2 to complete the circulation.

The dehumidification principle is as follows: (i.e. in the fourth state), at this time, the first water inlet of the first four-way valve 7.1 is connected to the first water outlet of the first four-way valve 7.1, and the second water outlet of the second four-way valve 7.2 is connected to the second water inlet of the second four-way valve 7.2.

The refrigerant circuit 1 flows in the same direction as during cooling.

The low temperature water return circuit flow direction, the low temperature water that comes out from evaporimeter 1.5 flows through first cross valve 7.1 after through first pump 4.1 pressure boost, then through first three-way valve 5.3 and third three-way valve 5.2, the low temperature water is through the third three-way valve 5.2 back, through second cross valve 7.2 after the second heat exchanger 2.2 is to the cabin air cooling dehumidification, return evaporimeter 1.5 through first expansion kettle 8.1 and heater 10, the completion circulation, at this moment, the heater can be opened according to the demand.

High-temperature water circuit flow direction: high-temperature water from the condenser 1.2 is pressurized by the first pump 4.1, then flows to the first heat exchanger 2.1 through the fifth three-way valve 5.1 to heat the dehumidified air, and the discharged water flows to the second expansion kettle 8.2 through the fourth three-way valve 6.3 and then returns to the condenser 1.2 to complete a cycle.

It should be noted here that the water in the water path may also be anti-freezing liquid to increase the heat exchange efficiency.

In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the heat pump system may further include a seventh three-way valve, a water inlet of the seventh three-way valve 5.4 is connected to both the first water outlet of the third three-way valve 5.2 and the second water outlet of the fifth three-way valve 5.1, the first heat exchanger 2.1 may be set to have two water inlets, and two water outlets of the seventh three-way valve 5.4 are connected to two water outlets of the first heat exchanger 2.1, so that before entering the first heat exchanger 2.1, water flow entering the two water inlets of the first heat exchanger 2.1 may be adjusted by the seventh three-way valve 5.4, and the temperature partition of the first heat exchanger 2.1 is realized by combining with a structural design thereof.

According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided an automobile comprising the heat pump system as described above, wherein the automobile may comprise an automobile front cabin and an automobile passenger cabin, the refrigerant circuit may be disposed in the automobile front cabin, the heat exchange unit 2 may be disposed in the automobile passenger cabin, and the refrigerant may be a flammable refrigerant.

According to the heat pump system of this application, heat pump system includes the refrigerant circuit, first cold water branch road and first hot water branch road, wherein, the refrigerant circuit includes the compressor, the condenser, and the evaporimeter, the export of compressor communicates the first entry of condenser, the first export of condenser communicates the first entry of evaporimeter, the entry of the first export intercommunication compressor of evaporimeter, the second export of the entry intercommunication evaporimeter of the first cold water way branch road of this application, the second entry of the export intercommunication evaporimeter of first cold water way, under first state, the cold water in the first cold water branch road flows through heat transfer unit 2, make the cold air that heat transfer unit 2 formed carry out the heat transfer with the indoor hot air of car (cool down indoor). The inlet of the first hot water branch is communicated with the second outlet of the condenser, the outlet of the first hot water branch and the second inlet of the condenser, and in the second state, hot water in the first hot water branch flows through the heat exchange unit 2, so that hot air formed by the heat exchange unit 2 exchanges heat with cold air in an automobile room (heats the room). This application carries out the heat transfer through the liquid in refrigerant and the water route, is being carried out the heat transfer with liquid and room air by heat exchange unit 2, and this application not only refrigerant return circuit is simple, and the refrigerant return circuit can set up in the front deck of car, and heat exchange unit 2 can set up in the passenger cabin of car, and consequently, the refrigerant can adopt flammable refrigerant, does not have the refrigerant to reveal and take place dangerous condition in the passenger cabin.

For the two refrigerants of R134a and R1234yf of the existing direct heat pump, the heat pump has poor heating effect even can not work normally under low temperature (-15 ℃), and for this reason, the R290 refrigerant (R290-Propane) adopted by the application can improve the performance of the heat pump system under low temperature (-15 ℃) heating and broadens the temperature application range of the heat pump system (theoretically can reach-30 ℃).

In addition, the refrigerant charge of the existing heat pump system is more, generally 500 g-1000 g, the refrigerant circuit of the application is simple, the refrigerant charge is less (within estimated 200 g), the cost is saved, and the refrigerant circuit can be made into a closed module to realize the filling of the refrigerant in the production line.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present application, and are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, but not limiting the same, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope disclosed in the present application; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A heat pump system is characterized by comprising a refrigerant loop, a first cold water branch, a first hot water branch and a heat exchange unit,

the refrigerant circuit comprises a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, wherein an outlet of the compressor is communicated with a first inlet of the condenser, a first outlet of the condenser is communicated with a first inlet of the evaporator, a first outlet of the evaporator is communicated with an inlet of the compressor,

the inlet of the first cold water branch is communicated with the second outlet of the evaporator, the outlet of the first cold water branch is communicated with the second inlet of the evaporator,

in a first state, cold water in the first cold water branch passes through the heat exchange unit,

the inlet of the first hot water branch is communicated with the second outlet of the condenser, the outlet of the first hot water branch is communicated with the second inlet of the condenser,

in the second state, the hot water in the first hot water branch passes through the heat exchange unit,

the heat exchange unit can exchange heat with the gas to be exchanged.

2. The heat pump system of claim 1, further comprising a cooling unit,

in the first state, the hot water in the first hot water branch passes through a cooling unit,

in the second state, the cold water in the first cold water branch flows through the cooling unit.

3. The heat pump system of claim 2, further comprising a first four-way valve and a second four-way valve, the first cold water branch comprising a first path and a second path, the first hot water branch comprising a third path and a fourth path,

the inlet of the first path is communicated with the second outlet of the evaporator, the outlet of the first path is connected with the first water inlet of the first four-way valve, the first water inlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with the first water outlet of the first four-way valve in the first state, the first water inlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with the second water outlet of the first four-way valve in the second state,

the outlet of the second path is communicated with the second inlet of the evaporator, the inlet of the second path is connected with the second water outlet of the second four-way valve, the second water outlet of the second four-way valve is communicated with the second water inlet of the second four-way valve in the first state, the second water outlet of the second four-way valve is communicated with the first water inlet of the second four-way valve in the second state,

the inlet of the third path is communicated with the second outlet of the condenser, the outlet of the third path is connected with the second water inlet of the first four-way valve, the second water inlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with the second water outlet of the first four-way valve in the first state, the second water inlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with the first water outlet of the first four-way valve in the second state,

an outlet of the fourth path is communicated with a second inlet of the condenser, an inlet of the fourth path is connected with a first water outlet of the first four-way valve, a first water outlet of the first four-way valve is communicated with a first water inlet of the first four-way valve in the first state, and a first water outlet of the second four-way valve is communicated with a second water inlet of the first four-way valve in the second state.

4. The heat pump system of claim 3, further comprising a first three-way valve having a water inlet connected to a first water outlet of the first four-way valve, a second water outlet of the first three-way valve connected to an inlet of the heat exchange unit, and an outlet of the heat exchange unit connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve.

5. The heat pump system of claim 4, further comprising a second three-way valve and a battery pack, wherein a first water inlet of the second three-way valve is connected to a first water outlet of the first three-way valve, a first water outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to an inlet end of the battery pack, and an outlet end of the battery pack is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve.

6. The heat pump system of claim 5, further comprising a third three-way valve, wherein the heat exchange unit comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, a water inlet of the third three-way valve is connected to a second water outlet of the first three-way valve, a second water outlet of the third three-way valve is connected to a water inlet of the second heat exchanger, a water outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve, a first water outlet of the third three-way valve is connected to a water inlet of the first heat exchanger, and a water outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to a second water inlet of the second four-way valve.

7. The heat pump system of claim 6, further comprising a fourth three-way valve disposed in the fourth path and a fifth three-way valve disposed in the third path,

a water inlet of the fourth three-way valve is connected with a water outlet end of the second heat exchanger, a first water outlet of the fourth three-way valve is connected with a second inlet of the condenser, a second water outlet of the fourth three-way valve is connected with a second water inlet of the second four-way valve,

and a water inlet of the fifth three-way valve is connected with a second outlet of the condenser, a first water outlet of the fifth three-way valve is connected with a second water inlet of the first four-way valve, and a second water outlet of the fifth three-way valve is connected with a water inlet end of the first heat exchanger.

8. The heat pump system of claim 3, wherein the cooling unit comprises a water tank, a second water outlet of the first four-way valve is connected to a water inlet of the water tank, and a water outlet of the water tank is connected to a first water inlet of the second four-way valve.

9. An automobile, characterized in that it comprises a heat pump system according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein the vehicle comprises a front cabin and a passenger cabin, the refrigerant circuit is disposed in the front cabin, the heat exchange unit is disposed in the passenger cabin, and the refrigerant is a flammable refrigerant.