CN114960822A - Control method and control device of excavator - Google Patents
Control method and control device of excavator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114960822A CN114960822A CN202210649614.7A CN202210649614A CN114960822A CN 114960822 A CN114960822 A CN 114960822A CN 202210649614 A CN202210649614 A CN 202210649614A CN 114960822 A CN114960822 A CN 114960822A
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- Prior art keywords
- lubricating oil
- fixedly connected
- side wall
- connecting shaft
- storage box
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241001233242 Lontra Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2025—Particular purposes of control systems not otherwise provided for
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N19/00—Lubricant containers for use in lubricators or lubrication systems
- F16N19/003—Indicating oil level
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N21/00—Conduits; Junctions; Fittings for lubrication apertures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N23/00—Special adaptations of check valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N29/00—Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems
- F16N29/04—Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems enabling a warning to be given; enabling moving parts to be stopped
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N31/00—Means for collecting, retaining, or draining-off lubricant in or on machines or apparatus
- F16N31/02—Oil catchers; Oil wipers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N39/00—Arrangements for conditioning of lubricants in the lubricating system
- F16N39/06—Arrangements for conditioning of lubricants in the lubricating system by filtration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N9/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a moving reservoir or the equivalent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N39/00—Arrangements for conditioning of lubricants in the lubricating system
- F16N2039/007—Using strainers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of excavators, and particularly relates to a control method and a control device of an excavator, wherein the method comprises the following steps; firstly, lubricating oil is filled into a storage box, the storage box is sealed after the lubricating oil is filled, the lubricating oil is controlled to fall by using a control device, the use condition of excavating equipment is checked, the excavating equipment is started after the condition of the excavating equipment is determined to be normal, materials are excavated by using a bucket, and the vicinity of the storage box is observed for a short time; fill with lubricating oil in the storage tank through setting up, utilize the lower hourglass of controlling means control lubricating oil, and the shake of cooperation machine makes lubricating oil leak down, make a connecting axle lubricated by intermittent type formula, and incessant lower hourglass condition of observing the storage box, reduce the wearing and tearing that a connecting axle produced, utilize current-limiting component to collect lubricating oil and control the velocity of flow simultaneously, the lubricating oil of collection leaks down and plays lubricated effect to No. two connecting axle departments, reduce the speed that the arm used wearing and tearing, the control is to the wearing and tearing speed that excavating equipment produced, economic loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of excavators, and particularly relates to a control method and a control device of an excavator.
Background
An excavator is also called a digger, is a large machine for excavating materials by utilizing a bucket, and can load the materials into a transfer vehicle for transportation or stack the materials at one place for storage by using the bucket.
A chinese patent with publication number CN111691491B discloses an energy-saving control method for an excavator and the excavator, the energy-saving control method includes obtaining operating condition state information of the excavator, where the operating condition state information includes one of a first operating condition state and a second operating condition state; if the excavator is detected to be in the first working condition state, the first engine target working parameter of the excavator is determined, the rotating speed of the engine and the discharge capacity of the variable pump are adjusted according to the working condition state, the output power of the engine is stably matched with the power required by the load, and the energy consumption of the engine is reduced.
After the excavator is used for a long time, the connecting shaft between the large arm and the middle arm of the excavator is easy to wear due to long-time work in a dry environment, and if the connecting shaft is not lubricated in time, the wear of the mechanical arm can be accelerated, so that economic loss is caused.
Therefore, the invention provides a control method and a control device of an excavator.
Disclosure of Invention
To remedy the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one of the technical problems set forth in the background is addressed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a control method of an excavator, which comprises the following steps;
s1: firstly, lubricating oil is filled into a storage box, the storage box is sealed after the lubricating oil is filled, the lubricating oil is controlled to fall by using a control device, the use condition of excavating equipment is checked, the excavating equipment is started after the condition of the excavating equipment is determined to be normal, materials are excavated by using a bucket, and the vicinity of the storage box is observed for a short time;
s2: then when the excavating equipment excavates materials, the dripping condition of lubricating oil at the storage box is observed, the excavating equipment is taken off after excavating work is carried out for 3-5 minutes, the lubricating effect of a first connecting shaft between the large arm and the middle arm is closely checked, and the collection condition of the lubricating oil by the current limiting assembly is checked;
s3: checking the lubricating effect of the second connecting shaft between the bucket and the middle arm, recording the lubricating degrees of the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft, continuously excavating on the machine, taking the machine off again after working for 3-5 minutes, checking the lubricating conditions of the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft, recording again, and continuously working on the machine after confirming that the lubricating effect is good; the connecting shaft between the large arm and the middle arm of the excavating equipment is found after the excavating equipment is used for a long time, abrasion is easily generated due to long-time working under a dry ring, if the connecting shaft is not lubricated at the position of the connecting shaft in time, abrasion of the mechanical arm can be accelerated, economic loss is caused, lubricating oil is filled in a storage box, the leakage of the lubricating oil is controlled by a control device, after the excavating equipment is started, the leakage condition of the storage box is continuously observed, the connecting shaft is lubricated intermittently along with shaking of the excavating equipment, abrasion generated by the connecting shaft at a dry environment is reduced, a flow limiting assembly is used for collecting and controlling flow rate of the lubricating oil, the lubricating effect is simultaneously achieved when the lubricating oil leaks to the position of the connecting shaft at the second time, the abrasion using speed of the mechanical arm is reduced, and the abrasion speed of the excavating equipment is controlled.
A control device of an excavator, which is applied to the control method of the excavator, wherein the control device in S1 includes a machine body and a check valve; a controller for controlling the one-way valve is arranged in the machine body; a large arm is arranged on the side wall of the machine body; the inner side wall of the large arm is rotatably connected with a first connecting shaft; a middle arm is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first connecting shaft; the side wall of the middle arm is fixedly connected with a storage box; the inner side wall of the storage box is fixedly connected with a sealing plate, the bottoms of the storage box and the sealing plate are respectively provided with a plurality of groups of holes, and the one-way valve is fixedly connected inside the holes; the staff utilizes the controller of the installation in the machine body carriage, control switch carries out the multiunit check valve, can make the check valve open the lubricating oil that leaks down, lubricate a connecting axle, drive big arm and well arm when machine body during operation and rock, the inside lubricating oil of storage box leaks down through the multiunit hole of closing plate, two sets of closing plates, be similar to the check valve design, receive to tremble outwards when power is too big and open, it is lubricated on a connecting axle to leak down to lubricating oil, reduce the wearing and tearing that a connecting axle produced under the dry environment, utilize the velocity of flow of storage box control lubricating oil, the reinforcing is to the lubricated effect of a connecting axle.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the storage box is provided with a first sealing plug; a plurality of groups of ribbons are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the storage box; a liquid level sensor is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the storage tank; the side wall of the liquid level sensor is provided with an alarm and is positioned on the side wall of the storage box; utilize the multiunit ribbon to play the effect of direction to utilize level sensor to control the inside lubricating oil memory space of storage box, when lubricating oil is less in the storage box, the cooperation siren sends the police dispatch newspaper, reminds additional lubricating oil, plays the effect of warning, and a sealing plug plays the inside confined effect of storage box, prevents that lubricating oil is excessive, utilizes the memory space of level sensor cooperation siren control storage box, prevents that lubricating oil from leaking futilely.
Preferably, the side wall of the middle arm is fixedly connected with a collecting box; the bottom end of the collecting box is provided with a flow limiting assembly which is used for limiting the flow of lubricating oil; the side wall of the collecting box is fixedly connected with a rubber baffle; reduce the waste of lubricating oil to utilize the rubber baffle increase to collect the recovery area of box, the reinforcing is to the recovery effect of lubricating oil, and the current limiting subassembly is soft to collecting the box current-limiting use, utilizes the rubber baffle material to be soft simultaneously, reduces and big arm lateral wall friction influence.
Preferably, the flow-limiting assembly comprises a catheter, an elastic pull rope and a sealing ball; the guide pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the collecting box; the elastic pull rope is fixedly connected inside the collecting box; the sealing ball is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the elastic pull rope and is positioned in the guide pipe; the inner side wall of the middle arm is rotatably connected with a second connecting shaft; a bucket is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second connecting shaft; play the lubricated effect of No. two connecting axle intermittent type formulas to utilize the elasticity stay cord to draw and draw sealed ball to form pressure valve, when collecting the inside lubricating oil of box and collect too much, lubricating oil is because of gravity extrusion sealed ball cunning down, inside lubricating oil spills to the pipe from the sealed ball lateral wall, lubricating oil gravity reduces thereupon, the elasticity stay cord draws to draw sealed ball to block up and collects the box, plays the effect to the lubricating oil current-limiting.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the collecting box is fixedly connected with a filter screen plate; the bottom end of the filter screen plate is fixedly connected with a semi-circular arc screen plate; utilize filter plate to filter lubricating oil, play the effect of preventing blockking up to rely on the semicircle otter board of filter plate bottom, impurity is trembled into the storage of semicircle otter board when the well arm shakes, plays the effect of collecting impurity.
Preferably, a plurality of groups of metal blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filter screen plate; the interior of the metal block is fixedly connected with a vibration ball through a lifting rope; the multiunit metal block is driven to rock when utilizing the well arm shake, and the lifting rope drives the vibrations ball thereupon and sways to the inside wall of striking metal block produces vibrations, and the impurity of adhesion drops on the filter plate, plays the clear effect of vibrations.
Preferably, a sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the bucket; the side wall of the sliding plate is fixedly connected with a rubber block and fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the bucket; utilize the sliding plate to carry out the first contact to the stone, play the effect of protection to the scraper bowl inside wall, utilize the block rubber fixed at the lateral wall of sliding plate simultaneously, along with big block extrusion block rubber shrink, produce vibrations when the block rubber is kick-backed, shake the little stone of sliding plate lateral wall adhesion and fall, reduce on the little stone adhesion sliding plate of humidity.
Preferably, the middle arm is internally provided with a storage groove and is positioned at the bottom end of the second connecting shaft; the inner part of the sliding plate is fixedly connected with a hose and communicated with the storage tank; a second sealing plug is arranged at the bottom end of the middle arm; when lubricating oil leaks excessively down, fall into the holding tank along gap around No. two connecting axles and collect in, partial lubricating oil passes through the hose and flows to the inside of sliding plate to the hole that sees through the sliding plate overflows the lateral wall to the sliding plate, plays antifriction's effect, and No. two sealing plugs play the sealed effect to the holding tank.
Preferably, the side wall of the sliding plate is fixedly connected with an elastic piece; the side wall of the elastic part is fixedly connected with a convex block; the shape of the lug is trapezoidal; utilize the lug to shelter from hole department to the cooperation elastic component supports, shelters from less stone, prevents inside little stone gets into the sliding plate, and when the stone extruded the lug simultaneously, the elastic component contracts thereupon, and the lug seals the sliding plate hole, reduces the excessive of lubricating oil.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the control method and the control device of the excavator, provided by the invention, when the excavating equipment works for a long time in a dry environment, the storage tank is filled with lubricating oil, the control device is used for controlling the downward leakage of the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is made to leak downward by matching with the shaking of the machine, so that the first connecting shaft is lubricated intermittently, the downward leakage condition of the storage tank is observed uninterruptedly, the abrasion generated by the first connecting shaft is reduced, meanwhile, the flow rate of the lubricating oil is collected and controlled by using the flow limiting assembly, the collected lubricating oil leaks to the second connecting shaft to play a lubricating effect, the abrasion using speed of the mechanical arm is reduced, the abrasion speed generated on the excavating equipment is controlled, and the economic loss is reduced.
2. According to the control method and the control device of the excavator, the storage amount of lubricating oil in the storage box is monitored by matching the arranged liquid level sensor with the alarm, the warning effect is achieved, the collection box is matched with the rubber baffle plate to collect leaked lubricating oil, the utilization rate of the lubricating oil is improved, the second connecting shaft is lubricated, impurities in the lubricating oil are filtered by the filter screen plate, the guide pipe is prevented from being blocked by the impurities, and finally the lubricating oil collected by the second connecting shaft is used for lubricating the side wall of the sliding plate, so that the abrasion of the side wall of the sliding plate during stone excavation is reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of an excavator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at C of FIG. 3;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the sliding plate in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a machine body; 11. a large arm; 12. a first connecting shaft; 13. a middle arm; 14. a storage box; 15. a sealing plate; 2. a first sealing plug; 21. a streamer; 22. a liquid level sensor; 23. an alarm; 3. a collection box; 31. a rubber baffle; 4. a conduit; 41. an elastic pull rope; 42. a sealing ball; 43. a second connecting shaft; 44. a bucket; 5. a filter screen plate; 6. a metal block; 61. a vibration ball; 7. a sliding plate; 71. a rubber block; 8. a hose; 81. a second sealing plug; 9. an elastic member; 91. and (4) a bump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a control method of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps;
s1: firstly, lubricating oil is filled into the storage box 14, the storage box 14 is sealed after the lubricating oil is filled, the lubricating oil is controlled to fall by using a control device, the use condition of excavating equipment is checked, the excavating equipment is started after the condition of the excavating equipment is determined to be normal, materials are excavated by using a bucket 44, and the vicinity of the storage box 14 is observed for a short time;
s2: then when the excavating equipment excavates materials, the dripping condition of lubricating oil at the storage box 14 is observed, the excavating equipment is taken off after excavating work is carried out for 3-5 minutes, the lubricating effect of a first connecting shaft 12 between the large arm 11 and the middle arm 13 is closely checked, and the collection condition of the lubricating oil by the current limiting assembly is checked;
s3: checking the lubricating effect of the second connecting shaft 43 between the bucket 44 and the middle arm 13, recording the lubricating degrees of the first connecting shaft 12 and the second connecting shaft 43, continuously excavating on the machine, taking off the machine after working for 3-5 minutes, checking the lubricating conditions of the first connecting shaft 12 and the second connecting shaft 43, recording again, and continuously working on the machine after confirming that the lubricating effect is good; after the excavating equipment is used for a long time, the first connecting shaft 12 between the large arm and the middle arm of the excavating equipment is easy to wear due to long-time work in a dry environment, if the first connecting shaft 12 is not lubricated in time, the wear of the mechanical arm can be accelerated, economic loss is caused, lubricating oil is filled in the storage box 14, the downward leakage of the lubricating oil is controlled by the control device, after the excavating equipment is started, the downward leakage condition of the storage box 14 is continuously observed, the first connecting shaft 12 is lubricated intermittently along with the shaking of the excavating equipment, the wear of the first connecting shaft 12 in the dry environment is reduced, the flow rate of the lubricating oil is collected and controlled by the flow limiting assembly, the downward leakage reaches the second connecting shaft 43 to play a role in lubricating, the wear speed of the mechanical arm is reduced, and the wear speed of the excavating equipment is controlled.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, a control device of an excavator, which is applied to the control method of the excavator, the control device in S1 includes a machine body 1 and a check valve; a controller for controlling the one-way valve is arranged in the machine body 1; a large arm 11 is arranged on the side wall of the machine body 1; the inner side wall of the large arm 11 is rotatably connected with a first connecting shaft 12; a middle arm 13 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first connecting shaft 12; a storage box 14 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the middle arm 13; a sealing plate 15 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the storage box 14, a plurality of groups of holes are respectively formed in the bottoms of the storage box 14 and the sealing plate 15, and the one-way valve is fixedly connected inside the holes; when digging construction is carried out in hot and dry environment in summer, the first connecting shaft 12 at the connecting part of the large arm 11 and the middle arm 13 on the machine body 1 is seriously worn due to the dry environment, the inside of the storage tank 14 is filled with the lubricating oil, and the worker uses the installed controller in the compartment of the machine body 1, the control switch of the plurality of groups of one-way valves can lead the one-way valves to be opened to leak lubricating oil and lubricate the first connecting shaft 12, drive big arm 11 and well arm 13 and rock when machine body 1 during operation, the inside lubricating oil of storage box 14 leaks under the multiunit hole that sees through closing plate 15, and two sets of closing plates 15 are similar to the check valve design, receive to tremble outwards opening when power is too big, and lubricating oil leaks lubricated to connecting axle 12 under to, reduces the wearing and tearing that connecting axle 12 produced under the dry environment, utilizes the velocity of flow of storage box 14 control lubricating oil, strengthens the lubricated effect to connecting axle 12.
A first sealing plug 2 is arranged on the inner side wall of the storage box 14; a plurality of groups of ribbons 21 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the storage box 14; a liquid level sensor 22 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the storage tank 14; an alarm 23 is arranged on the side wall of the liquid level sensor 22 and is positioned on the side wall of the storage tank 14; when lubricating oil in the storage box 14 shakes along with the work of the middle arm 13, the lubricating oil leaks downwards to the side walls of the multiple groups of ribbons 21, the lubricating oil leaks downwards along the side walls of the ribbons 21, the multiple groups of ribbons 21 are utilized to play a guiding effect, the liquid level sensor 22 is utilized to monitor the storage amount of the lubricating oil in the storage box 14, when the lubricating oil in the storage box 14 is less, the liquid level sensor 22 is matched with the alarm 23 to give an alarm, the lubricating oil is reminded to be added, the warning effect is achieved, the first sealing plug 2 plays a role in sealing the inside of the storage box 14, the lubricating oil is prevented from overflowing, the liquid level sensor 22 is matched with the alarm 23 to control the storage amount of the storage box 14, and the lubricating oil is prevented from leaking to be dry.
The side wall of the middle arm 13 is fixedly connected with a collecting box 3; the bottom end of the collecting box 3 is provided with a flow limiting assembly which is used for limiting the flow of lubricating oil; the side wall of the collecting box 3 is fixedly connected with a rubber baffle 31; when lubricating oil leaks from storage box 14 inside down, the too much leakage of lubricating oil can cause the waste of resource, so utilize collection box 3 to install and collect the lubricating oil that leaks down in the bottom of connecting axle 12, reduce the waste of lubricating oil, and utilize rubber baffle 31 increase to collect the recovery area of box 3, the reinforcing is to the recovery effect of lubricating oil, the current limiting component is to collecting 3 current-limiting use of box, utilize rubber baffle 31 material soft simultaneously, reduce with the 11 lateral wall friction influences of big arm.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the flow restricting assembly comprises a catheter 4, an elastic pull cord 41 and a sealing ball 42; the conduit 4 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the collecting box 3; the elastic pull rope 41 is fixedly connected inside the collecting box 3; the sealing ball 42 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the elastic pull rope 41 and is positioned inside the guide pipe 4; the inner side wall of the middle arm 13 is rotatably connected with a second connecting shaft 43; a bucket 44 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second connecting shaft 43; when the second connecting shaft 43 connected between the middle arm 13 and the bucket 44 is used for a long time, severe abrasion is easily generated, in order to reduce the abrasion of the second connecting shaft 43, lubricating oil collected by the collecting box 3 is utilized and is conveyed to the position above the second connecting shaft 43 through the guide pipe 4 to drip, the effect of intermittently lubricating the second connecting shaft 43 is achieved, the elastic pull rope 41 is utilized to pull the sealing ball 42 to form a pressure valve, when too much lubricating oil is collected in the collecting box 3, the lubricating oil extrudes the sealing ball 42 to slide downwards due to gravity, the lubricating oil overflows into the guide pipe 4 from the side wall of the sealing ball 42, the gravity of the lubricating oil is reduced accordingly, the elastic pull rope 41 pulls the sealing ball 42 to block the collecting box 3, and the effect of limiting the lubricating oil is achieved.
The inner side wall of the collecting box 3 is fixedly connected with a filter screen plate 5; the bottom end of the filter screen plate 5 is fixedly connected with a semi-circular arc screen plate; when the excavator works in a place with more dust and impurities, lubricating oil drops onto the first connecting shaft 12 from the storage box 14, the lubricating oil mixed with the impurities leaks into the collecting box 3 for collection, in order to prevent the impurities from entering the guide pipe 4 to cause blockage, the lubricating oil is filtered by the filter screen plate 5, the anti-blockage effect is achieved, and the impurities are shaken into the semi-arc screen plate to be stored when the middle arm 13 shakes by means of the semi-arc screen plate at the bottom end of the filter screen plate 5, so that the impurity collecting effect is achieved.
A plurality of groups of metal blocks 6 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filter screen plate 5; the inside of the metal block 6 is fixedly connected with a vibration ball 61 through a lifting rope; when the lateral wall of filtering otter board 5 filters more impurity and dust, in order to prevent that filtering otter board 5 from being blockked up, so utilize the well arm 13 to drive multiunit metal block 6 when shaking and rock, the lifting rope drives vibrations ball 61 thereupon and sways to striking metal block 6's inside wall produces vibrations, filters the impurity of the last adhesion of otter board 5 and drops, plays the clear effect of vibrations.
As shown in fig. 2 to 6, the inner side wall of the bucket 44 is slidably connected with a sliding plate 7; the side wall of the sliding plate 7 is fixedly connected with a rubber block 71 and is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the bucket 44; when excavating moist stone, the cooperation of scraper bowl 44 is shoveled the stone, the stone produces wearing and tearing with the long-time friction of scraper bowl 44 inside wall, so utilize sliding plate 7 to carry out the first contact to the stone, play the effect of protection to scraper bowl 44 inside wall, utilize block rubber 71 fixed at the lateral wall of sliding plate 7 simultaneously, along with big stone extrusion block rubber 71 shrink, produce vibrations when block rubber 71 kick-backs, shake the little stone of sliding plate 7 lateral wall adhesion, reduce on the little stone adhesion sliding plate 7 of moist.
A storage groove is formed in the middle arm 13 and is positioned at the bottom end of the second connecting shaft 43; the inner part of the sliding plate 7 is fixedly connected with a hose 8 which is communicated with the storage groove; a second sealing plug 81 is arranged at the bottom end of the middle arm 13; when a large amount of stones and the sliding plate 7 side wall rub for a long time, when the lubricating oil in the collecting box 3 leaks downwards, the lubricating oil flows to the second connecting shaft 43 along the guide pipe 4 for lubrication, when the lubricating oil leaks downwards too much, the lubricating oil falls into the storage tank along the gap around the second connecting shaft 43 for collection, part of the lubricating oil flows to the inside of the sliding plate 7 through the hose 8, the lubricating oil penetrates through the hole of the sliding plate 7 and overflows to the side wall of the sliding plate 7, the anti-friction effect is achieved, and the second sealing plug 81 achieves the effect of sealing the storage tank.
Example two
As shown in fig. 7, a first comparative example, in which another embodiment of the present invention is: the side wall of the sliding plate 7 is fixedly connected with an elastic part 9; a convex block 91 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the elastic element 9; the shape of the bump 91 is trapezoidal; when excavating the stone, because the less stone of part can see through the hole entering sliding plate 7 of sliding plate 7 inside, so utilize lug 91 to shelter from hole department to cooperation elastic component 9 supports, shelters from less stone, prevents inside little stone gets into sliding plate 7, and when stone extrusion lug 91 simultaneously, elastic component 9 shrink thereupon, lug 91 seals sliding plate 7 hole, reduces the excessive of lubricating oil.
The working principle is that when digging construction is carried out in hot and dry environment in summer, the connection part of the large arm 11 and the middle arm 13 on the machine body 1, the first connecting shaft 12 is seriously worn due to dry environment, so that lubricating oil is filled in the storage tank 14, workers utilize a controller arranged in the carriage of the machine body 1 to control the switch of a plurality of groups of one-way valves, the one-way valves can be opened to leak the lubricating oil, the first connecting shaft 12 is lubricated, the large arm 11 and the middle arm 13 are driven to shake when the machine body 1 works, the lubricating oil in the storage tank 14 leaks downwards through a plurality of groups of holes of the sealing plate 15, two groups of sealing plates 15 are similar to the one-way valve design, the sealing plates are opened outwards when the shaking force is too large, the lubricating oil leaks downwards to the first connecting shaft 12 to lubricate, the abrasion generated by the first connecting shaft 12 in the dry environment is reduced, the flow rate of the lubricating oil is controlled by the storage tank 14, the lubricating effect on the first connecting shaft 12 is enhanced; when lubricating oil in the storage box 14 shakes along with the operation of the middle arm 13, the lubricating oil leaks to the side walls of the multiple groups of ribbons 21 and leaks along the side walls of the ribbons 21, the multiple groups of ribbons 21 are utilized to play a guiding effect, the liquid level sensor 22 is utilized to monitor the storage amount of the lubricating oil in the storage box 14, when the lubricating oil in the storage box 14 is less, the first sealing plug 2 is matched with the alarm 23 to give an alarm to remind that the lubricating oil is added to play a warning effect, the first sealing plug 2 plays a role in sealing the interior of the storage box 14 to prevent the lubricating oil from overflowing, and the liquid level sensor 22 is matched with the alarm 23 to control the storage amount of the storage box 14 to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking; when lubricating oil leaks from the interior of the storage box 14, excessive leakage of the lubricating oil can cause resource waste, so that the lubricating oil leaking downwards is collected by using the collection box 3 arranged at the bottom end of the first connecting shaft 12, the waste of the lubricating oil is reduced, the recovery area of the collection box 3 is increased by using the rubber baffle 31, the recovery effect of the lubricating oil is enhanced, the flow limiting assembly is used for limiting the flow of the collection box 3, and meanwhile, the influence of friction between the lubricating oil and the side wall of the large arm 11 is reduced by using the soft material of the rubber baffle 31; when the second connecting shaft 43 connected between the middle arm 13 and the bucket 44 is used for a long time, severe abrasion is easily caused, in order to reduce the abrasion of the second connecting shaft 43, the lubricating oil collected by the collecting box 3 is utilized and is conveyed to the position above the second connecting shaft 43 through the guide pipe 4 to drip, the intermittent lubrication effect on the second connecting shaft 43 is achieved, the sealing ball 42 is pulled by the elastic pull rope 41 to form a pressure valve, when the lubricating oil in the collecting box 3 is excessively collected, the lubricating oil extrudes the sealing ball 42 to slide downwards due to gravity, the lubricating oil overflows from the side wall of the sealing ball 42 to the interior of the guide pipe 4, the gravity of the lubricating oil is reduced, the elastic pull rope 41 pulls the sealing ball 42 to block the collecting box 3, and the flow limiting effect on the lubricating oil is achieved; when the excavator works in places with much dust and impurities, lubricating oil drops onto the first connecting shaft 12 from the storage box 14, the lubricating oil mixed with impurities leaks into the collecting box 3 for collection, in order to prevent the impurities from entering the guide pipe 4 to cause blockage, the lubricating oil is filtered by the filter screen plate 5, the anti-blockage effect is achieved, and the impurities are shaken into the semi-arc screen plate to be stored when the middle arm 13 shakes by means of the semi-arc screen plate at the bottom end of the filter screen plate 5, so that the impurity collecting effect is achieved; when the side wall of the filter screen plate 5 filters more impurities and dust, in order to prevent the filter screen plate 5 from being blocked, the middle arm 13 is used for shaking to drive the plurality of groups of metal blocks 6 to shake, the lifting rope drives the shaking balls 61 to swing along with the shaking balls, the inner side wall of each metal block 6 is impacted to generate shaking, the impurities adhered to the filter screen plate 5 fall off, and the effect of shaking cleaning is achieved; when moist stones are excavated, the shovel 44 is matched with the inner side wall of the shovel 44 to shovel the stones, the stones rub against the inner side wall of the shovel 44 for a long time to generate abrasion, so that the sliding plate 7 is used for making first contact with the stones, the inner side wall of the shovel 44 plays a role in protecting, meanwhile, the rubber block 71 is fixed on the side wall of the sliding plate 7, the rubber block 71 is compressed by large stones to shrink, when the rubber block 71 rebounds, vibration is generated, small stones adhered to the side wall of the sliding plate 7 are shaken off, and the adhesion of the moist small stones to the sliding plate 7 is reduced; when a large amount of stones and the sliding plate 7 side wall rub for a long time, when the lubricating oil in the collecting box 3 leaks downwards, the lubricating oil flows to the second connecting shaft 43 along the guide pipe 4 for lubrication, when the lubricating oil leaks downwards too much, the lubricating oil falls into the storage tank along the gap around the second connecting shaft 43 for collection, part of the lubricating oil flows to the inside of the sliding plate 7 through the hose 8, the lubricating oil penetrates through the hole of the sliding plate 7 and overflows to the side wall of the sliding plate 7, the anti-friction effect is achieved, and the second sealing plug 81 achieves the effect of sealing the storage tank.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on figure 1 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of an excavator is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps;
s1: firstly, lubricating oil is filled into a storage box (14), the storage box (14) is sealed after the lubricating oil is filled, a control device is used for controlling the lubricating oil to fall, the service condition of excavating equipment is checked, the excavating equipment is started after the condition of the excavating equipment is confirmed to be normal, a bucket (44) is used for excavating materials, and the vicinity of the storage box (14) is observed for a short time;
s2: then when the excavating equipment excavates materials, the dripping condition of lubricating oil at the storage box (14) is observed, the excavating equipment is taken off after excavating work is carried out for 3-5 minutes, the lubricating effect of a first connecting shaft (12) between the large arm (11) and the middle arm (13) is closely checked, and the collection condition of the lubricating oil by the current limiting assembly is checked;
s3: and then checking the lubricating effect of the second connecting shaft (43) between the bucket (44) and the middle arm (13), recording the lubricating degrees of the first connecting shaft (12) and the second connecting shaft (43), continuously excavating on the machine, taking off the machine again after working for 3-5 minutes, checking the lubricating conditions of the first connecting shaft (12) and the second connecting shaft (43), recording again, and continuously working on the machine after confirming that the lubricating effect is good.
2. A control device for an excavator, the control device being applied to the control method for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control device in the S1 comprises a machine body (1) and a one-way valve; a controller for controlling the one-way valve is arranged in the machine body (1); a large arm (11) is mounted on the side wall of the machine body (1); the inner side wall of the large arm (11) is rotatably connected with a first connecting shaft (12); a middle arm (13) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first connecting shaft (12); a storage box (14) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the middle arm (13); the inner side wall of the storage box (14) is fixedly connected with a sealing plate (15), a plurality of groups of holes are formed in the bottoms of the storage box (14) and the sealing plate (15) respectively, and the one-way valve is fixedly connected inside the holes.
3. The control device of an excavator according to claim 2, wherein: a first sealing plug (2) is mounted on the inner side wall of the storage box (14); a plurality of groups of ribbons (21) are fixedly connected with the bottom end of the storage box (14); a liquid level sensor (22) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the storage tank (14); an alarm (23) is arranged on the side wall of the liquid level sensor (22) and is positioned on the side wall of the storage tank (14).
4. The control device of an excavator according to claim 2, wherein: the side wall of the middle arm (13) is fixedly connected with a collecting box (3); the bottom end of the collecting box (3) is provided with a flow limiting assembly which is used for limiting the flow of lubricating oil; the side wall of the collecting box (3) is fixedly connected with a rubber baffle (31).
5. The control device for the excavator according to claim 4, wherein: the flow limiting assembly comprises a catheter (4), an elastic pull rope (41) and a sealing ball (42); the guide pipe (4) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the collecting box (3); the elastic pull rope (41) is fixedly connected inside the collecting box (3); the sealing ball (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the elastic pull rope (41) and is positioned inside the guide pipe (4); the inner side wall of the middle arm (13) is rotatably connected with a second connecting shaft (43); and a bucket (44) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second connecting shaft (43).
6. The control device for the excavator according to claim 5, wherein: a filter screen plate (5) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the collecting box (3); the bottom end of the filter screen plate (5) is fixedly connected with a semi-circular arc screen plate.
7. The control device for the excavator according to claim 6, wherein: a plurality of groups of metal blocks (6) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filter screen plate (5); and the inside of the metal block (6) is fixedly connected with a vibration ball (61) through a lifting rope.
8. The control device for the excavator according to claim 5, wherein: the inner side wall of the bucket (44) is connected with a sliding plate (7) in a sliding way; the side wall of the sliding plate (7) is fixedly connected with a rubber block (71) and is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the bucket (44).
9. The control device for the excavator according to claim 8, wherein: a storage groove is formed in the middle arm (13) and is positioned at the bottom end of the second connecting shaft (43); a hose (8) is fixedly connected inside the sliding plate (7) and is communicated with the storage tank; and a second sealing plug (81) is installed at the bottom end of the middle arm (13).
10. The control device of an excavator according to claim 9, wherein: the side wall of the sliding plate (7) is fixedly connected with an elastic piece (9); a convex block (91) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the elastic piece (9); the shape of the lug (91) is trapezoidal.
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| CN202210649614.7A CN114960822A (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Control method and control device of excavator |
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| CN202210649614.7A CN114960822A (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Control method and control device of excavator |
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