CN114959164A - Quick slag discharging method for converter double-slag smelting - Google Patents

Quick slag discharging method for converter double-slag smelting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114959164A
CN114959164A CN202210808821.2A CN202210808821A CN114959164A CN 114959164 A CN114959164 A CN 114959164A CN 202210808821 A CN202210808821 A CN 202210808821A CN 114959164 A CN114959164 A CN 114959164A
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slag
converter
furnace
iron
steel
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CN114959164B (en
Inventor
李超
陈晨
王富亮
许营
赵自鑫
马宁
尹宏军
崔福祥
苏小利
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/36Processes yielding slags of special composition
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick slag discharging method for converter double-slag smelting, which comprises the following steps: 1) slag remaining operation: controlling the end point oxygen value of the converter in the previous furnace to be below 800ppm, performing slag splashing protection, and controlling the slag pouring angle to be 165-175 degrees; 2) reducing the addition of the waste steel, and adding iron-carbon balls with the temperature being lower than 20 ℃ in correspondence to the temperature drop, wherein the iron-carbon balls are more than 3.8 kg/ton of steel, and the waste steel does not contain steel slag; shaking the furnace for more than two times; the speed is less than 5t/s in the process of iron adding, the furnace is shaken front and back after the iron adding is finished, iron ore is added into the furnace, then the furnace is shaken front and back, and an oxygen lance is arranged for blowing; 3) smelting before slag discharging: the adding amount of the flux before slag discharging accounts for 25-35% of the total flux of the whole furnace, and the flux before slag discharging is added in two times; 4) after the gun is lifted, iron-carbon balls and iron ore are immediately put into the furnace, and the furnace is shaken. The advantages are that: the method realizes quick slagging and the purpose of quick separation of slag iron by a simple and efficient method.

Description

Quick slag discharging method for converter double-slag smelting
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ferrous metallurgy, and relates to a quick slag discharging method for converter double-slag smelting.
Background
Converter double-slag smelting is one of converter production methods, is commonly used in high-silicon molten iron smelting and low-phosphorus steel smelting, has the condition of slag discharge and iron carrying during double-slag smelting, causes the loss of steel materials, and cannot achieve the purpose of slag discharge and dephosphorization, particularly when low-silicon molten iron needs double-slag smelting, because slag before slag discharge with good fluidity is difficult to form, the condition of slag discharge difficulty of the strip iron is more common, various technologies in the double-slag smelting at present are more, but the problem of difficult slag discharge caused by poor slag and steel separation during low-silicon molten iron is solved.
In the prior art, for example: chinese patent application No.: 200910243175.4, discloses an automatic control method for double slag operation of a converter, which realizes the automatic control of the converter to produce low P molten steel by utilizing high Si molten iron; chinese patent application No.: 201410277535.3 discloses a method for converter double slag steelmaking, which can reduce the phosphorus content in semisteel to a very low level; the technical scheme does not provide a relevant solution for the problems that the separation of the slag and the iron is not good and the slag forming is slow in the low-silicon molten iron production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a quick slag-discharging method for converter double-slag smelting, which realizes the purposes of quick slag formation and quick separation of slag iron, can effectively reduce slag-discharging iron, realize quick slag discharge and improve economic indexes in converter production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a quick slag discharging method for converter double-slag smelting comprises the following steps:
1) slag remaining operation: controlling the terminal oxygen value of the converter in the previous furnace to be below 800ppm, carrying out slag splashing protection, controlling the slag splashing time to be 3-4 min, controlling the slag pouring angle of slag pouring operation to be 165-175 degrees, and controlling the slag remaining amount to be 7.6-15.2 kg/ton steel;
2) the adding amount of the scrap steel is reduced, and the scrap steel does not contain steel slag when the temperature is reduced to be less than 20 ℃; after adding the waste steel into the converter, shaking the converter for more than two times, and uniformly paving the slag left in the converter on the surface of the waste steel; the speed is less than 5t/s in the process of iron adding, the furnace is shaken before and after the iron adding is finished, 1.5-2.5 kg/ton of steel iron ore is added into the furnace, then the furnace is shaken before and after, and the oxygen lance is blown down after the flame in the furnace is calm;
3) smelting before slag discharge: the adding amount of the flux before slag discharging accounts for 25-35% of the total flux amount of the whole furnace, the flux before slag discharging is added in two times, the first flux and 1-3 kg/ton of steel iron-carbon balls are added after the oxygen lance is put into the gun for ignition, and the second flux is added between 60-120 s after smelting begins;
before slag discharging, adopting a low-high-low principle, lowering the blowing lance position to 220-230 cm, after successfully striking fire, raising the lance position to 250-260 cm, and after the reaction in the furnace is stable, lowering the lance position to 220-230 cm until slag discharging; lifting the lance and discharging slag when converting for 200-300 s;
4) slag discharging operation: immediately after the lance is lifted, 1.2-1.4 kg/ton of steel iron-carbon balls are put into the furnace, 0.5-1.5/ton of steel iron ore is added into the furnace, and then the furnace shaking operation is carried out at-30 degrees.
The iron-carbon spheres comprise the following components in percentage by mass: fe: 60% -65%, C: 10% -20%, wherein the iron ore comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe is more than or equal to 60 percent and SiO 2 ≥1%,Al 2 O 3 Not less than 1 percent, and the balance of impurities.
In the step 4), if the foamed slag in the converter does not overflow from the converter mouth of the converter in a violent reaction in the converter turning process, the converter is shaken to a zero position, the iron-carbon balls of 1.2-1.4 kg/ton steel are continuously added into the converter once, and then 0.5-1.5 kg/ton steel iron ore is added.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the low-silicon molten iron and the Si content of less than 0.3 percent need double-slag smelting, because slag before slag tapping with good fluidity is difficult to form, the difficult situation of slag tapping of the strip iron is more common, and slag tapping after re-blowing is forced to be carried out. The method realizes quick slagging and quick separation of slag iron by a simple and efficient method, can effectively reduce the slag tapping band iron, does not cause smoke dust to emerge in a slag pot for holding slag below the converter, and shortens the slag tapping time by 1-5 min.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below, but it should be noted that the practice of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The quick slag-discharging method for converter double-slag smelting comprises the following steps:
1) slag remaining operation: the slag remaining operation means that after the slag splashing protection of the converter is finished, all or part of slag used in the previous smelting is actively remained in the converter during the slag pouring operation, the slag remaining operation can play a role in rapidly melting slag, and the melting of materials in the converter such as active lime and the like is accelerated to rapidly form foamed slag. However, in order to prevent iron adding splashing caused by the high oxygen value of the converter final slag, the oxygen value of the converter final point of the previous converter is controlled below 800ppm, slag splashing protection is carried out, certain slag splashing time is ensured, the slag splashing time is controlled to be 3-4 min, proper slag needs to be reserved, excessive converter smelting is not easy to control to cause splashing, and the slag melting acceleration effect cannot be realized if the excessive converter smelting is too small, the slag remaining amount is controlled by controlling the slag pouring angle, the slag pouring angle of the slag pouring operation is controlled to be 165-175 degrees, and the slag remaining amount is controlled to be 7.6 kg/ton steel-15.2 kg/ton steel;
2) calculating the heat balance of the converter according to the tapping temperature requirement, the raw material conditions and the system temperature condition, and reducing the addition amount of the scrap steel, wherein the principle is that the corresponding temperature drop is less than 20 ℃, the actual addition amount of the scrap steel is reduced by more than 15 kg/ton steel compared with the design amount, and the scrap steel does not contain steel slag in order to prevent iron adding splashing; after adding the waste steel into the converter, shaking the converter for more than two times in front and back so as to ensure that the slag remained in the converter is uniformly paved on the surface of the waste steel; the speed is less than 5t/s in the process of iron adding, the furnace is shaken before and after the iron adding is finished, 1.5-2.5 kg/ton of steel iron ore is added into the furnace, then the furnace is shaken before and after, and the oxygen lance is blown down after the flame in the furnace is calm;
3) smelting before slag discharging: the adding amount of the flux before slag discharge accounts for 25-35% of the total flux amount of the whole furnace, the flux before slag discharge is added in two times, the first flux and 1-3 kg/ton of steel iron-carbon balls are added after the oxygen lance is put into a gun for ignition, and the second flux is added within 60-120 s after smelting begins;
before slag discharging, adopting a low-high-low principle, lowering the blowing lance position to 220-230 cm, after successfully striking fire, raising the lance position to 250-260 cm, and after the reaction in the furnace is stable, lowering the lance position to 220-230 cm until slag discharging; lifting the lance and discharging slag when converting for 200-300 s;
4) slag discharging operation: immediately after the lance is lifted, 1.2-1.4 kg/ton of steel iron-carbon balls are put into the furnace, 0.5-1.5 kg/ton of steel iron ore is added into the furnace, and then the furnace shaking operation is carried out at-30 degrees. If the foamed slag in the converter does not violently react and overflow from the converter mouth in the converter dumping process, the converter is shaken to the zero position, the converter is continuously fed with 1.2-1.4 kg of iron-carbon balls per ton of steel, and then 0.5-1.5 kg of iron ore per ton of steel is added.
The iron-carbon spheres comprise the following components in percentage by mass: fe: 60% -65%, C: 10% -20%, wherein the iron ore comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe is more than or equal to 60 percent and SiO 2 ≥1%,Al 2 O 3 Not less than 1 percent, and the balance of impurities.
Example 1
The quick slag-discharging method for converter double-slag smelting comprises the following steps:
1) the content of silicon in molten iron is 0.2 percent, the content of scrap steel is 35 tons, and the total amount of iron-carbon balls is 2 tons in a 260 ton converter.
2) Slag remaining operation: controlling the terminal oxygen value of the converter at 500ppm, carrying out slag splashing and furnace protection, controlling the slag splashing time at 3.5min, stopping at a slag pouring angle of 170 degrees during slag pouring operation, and controlling the slag remaining amount at 3 tons;
3) preparing iron carbon balls and iron ore in advance in an overhead bunker of the converter, wherein the iron carbon balls comprise the following components in percentage by mass: fe: 63%, C: 15 percent, the balance of impurities, more than or equal to 60 percent of Fe in iron ore, and SiO 2 ≥1%,Al 2 O 3 Not less than 1 percent, and the balance of impurities.
The waste steel does not contain closure, steel slag and the like, and is dried; adding iron after adding the scrap steel, and shaking the converter for 3 times after adding the scrap steel into the converter; the speed is 4t/s in the process of iron adding, the furnace is shaken front and back after the iron adding is finished, 500kg of iron ore is added into the furnace, then the furnace is shaken front and back, and the oxygen lance is blown down after no flame is calmly in the furnace;
4) smelting before slag discharging: 3 tons of flux are added before slag discharging, the flux is added in two times, 1.5 tons of flux and 1 ton of iron-carbon balls are added after the oxygen lance is put under the oxygen lance to strike fire, the rest flux is added in 90s, and the rest 1.5 tons of iron-carbon balls are added in the slag discharging process; before slag discharging, adopting a low-high-low principle, lowering the blowing lance position to 220cm, raising the lance position to 250cm after successful ignition, and lowering the lance position to 220cm until slag discharging after the reaction in the furnace is stable; lifting the lance and discharging slag when converting for 250 s;
5) slag discharging operation: and immediately adding 300kg of iron-carbon balls and 250kg of iron ore into the converter after lifting the lance, and then carrying out-30-degree furnace swinging operation, wherein 300kg of iron-carbon balls are continuously added into the converter until the foamed slag can violently react and continuously overflow from a converter mouth if the foamed slag in the converter is poor in degree or inactive in the converter during the furnace swinging process and the converter swinging value is zero.
6) After the lance is lifted, the active slag in the converter and the foam slag can overflow the furnace mouth, no smoke dust is seen in the converter slag discharging tank in the converter deslagging process, the steel material is 1098kg/t, and the slag discharging time is 4.3 min.
Comparative example 1
The quick slag-discharging method for converter double-slag smelting comprises the following steps:
1) the converter is 260 tons, the silicon content of the molten iron is 0.21 percent, and the scrap steel is 38 tons.
2) Smelting before slag discharging: the adding amount of the flux is 3 tons before slag discharging, the flux is added after the slag is discharged and ignited, and the rest flux is added in 96 seconds; before slag is discharged, adopting a low-high-plateau mode for the lance position of the oxygen lance, lowering the blowing lance position to 221cm, lifting the lance position to 252cm after successful ignition, and after the reaction in the furnace is stable, raising the lance position to 283cm until slag is discharged; lifting the lance and discharging slag when converting for 220 s;
3) slag discharging operation: after the gun is lifted, the molten slag in the converter is inactive, no foam slag overflows from a converter mouth, a large amount of smoke dust is seen in a slag pot for containing the slag below the converter in the process of converter reversing and slag discharging, which indicates that the iron is serious, and the slag discharging time is 9.3min after the statistics of 1102kg/t of steel material.
Example 2
The quick slag-discharging method for converter double-slag smelting comprises the following steps:
1) the content of silicon in molten iron is 0.1 percent, the content of scrap steel is 25 tons, and the total amount of iron-carbon balls is 3 tons in a 260 ton converter.
2) Slag remaining operation: controlling the terminal oxygen value of the converter at 600ppm, carrying out slag splashing and furnace protection, controlling the slag splashing time at 3.7min, keeping the slag pouring angle of the slag pouring operation at 165 degrees, and controlling the slag remaining amount at 4 tons;
3) preparing iron carbon balls and iron ore in advance in an overhead bunker of the converter, wherein the iron carbon balls comprise the following components in percentage by mass: fe: 63%, C: 15 percent, the balance of impurities, more than or equal to 60 percent of Fe in iron ore, and SiO 2 ≥1%,Al 2 O 3 Not less than 1 percent, and the balance of impurities.
The waste steel does not contain closure, steel slag and the like, and is dried; adding iron after adding the scrap steel, and shaking the converter for 3 times after adding the scrap steel into the converter; the speed is 4t/s in the process of iron adding, the furnace is shaken front and back after the iron adding is finished, 750kg of iron ore is added into the furnace, then the furnace is shaken front and back, and the oxygen lance is blown down after the flame in the furnace is calm;
4) smelting before slag discharging: 3 tons of flux are added before slag discharging, the flux is added in two times, 1.5 tons of flux and 2 tons of iron carbon balls are added after the oxygen lance is arranged under the oxygen lance to strike fire, the rest flux is added in 85s, and the rest 1 ton of iron carbon balls are added in the slag discharging process; the lance position of the oxygen lance before slagging adopts a low-high-low principle, the lance position is lowered to 230cm, the lance position is lifted to 265cm after the ignition is successful, and the lance position is lowered to 230cm until slagging is realized after the reaction in the furnace is stable; lifting the lance and discharging slag when converting for 240 s;
5) slag discharging operation: and immediately adding 330kg of iron-carbon balls and 500kg of iron ore into the converter after lifting the lance, and then carrying out-30-degree furnace shaking operation, wherein if the degree of the foamed slag in the converter is poor in the process of furnace inversion or the converter inversion shows that the converter is inactive, and the zero position of the shaking value of the converter, the 330kg of iron-carbon balls are continuously added into the converter once until the foamed slag can react violently from the converter mouth and continuously overflow.
6) After the lance is lifted, the active slag in the converter and the foam slag can overflow the furnace mouth, no smoke dust is seen in the converter slag discharging tank in the converter deslagging process, the steel material is 1099kg/t, and the slag discharging time is 4.6 min.
Comparative example 2
The quick slag-discharging method for converter double-slag smelting comprises the following steps:
1) the content of silicon in molten iron is 0.12 percent and the content of scrap steel is 30 tons in a 260 ton converter.
2) Smelting before slag discharging: the adding amount of the fusing agent is 3 tons before slag discharging, and the fusing agent is added once after blowing and igniting; before slag discharging, the lance position of the oxygen lance adopts a high-low-high-low principle, the lance position is opened to be 260cm, then the lance position is reduced to be 220cm, the reaction is calm, the flame in the furnace is firstly lifted to be 265cm, the lance position is reduced to be 230cm until slag discharging; lifting the lance and discharging slag when converting for 250 s;
3) slag discharging operation: after the lance is lifted, no foam slag is seen in the converter, a large amount of smoke dust can be seen in a converter slag discharging tank in the converter deslagging process, the steel material is 1106kg/t, and the slag discharging time is 9.5 min.

Claims (3)

1. A quick slag discharging method for converter double-slag smelting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) slag remaining operation: controlling the terminal oxygen value of the converter in the previous furnace to be below 800ppm, carrying out slag splashing protection, controlling the slag splashing time to be 3-4 min, controlling the slag pouring angle of slag pouring operation to be 165-175 degrees, and controlling the slag remaining amount to be 7.6-15.2 kg/ton steel;
2) the adding amount of the scrap steel is reduced, and the scrap steel does not contain steel slag when the temperature is reduced to be less than 20 ℃; after adding the waste steel into the converter, shaking the converter for more than two times, and uniformly paving the slag left in the converter on the surface of the waste steel; the speed is less than 5t/s in the process of iron adding, the furnace is shaken before and after the iron adding is finished, 1.5-2.5 kg/ton of steel iron ore is added into the furnace, then the furnace is shaken before and after, and the oxygen lance is blown down after the flame in the furnace is calm;
3) smelting before slag discharging: the adding amount of the flux before slag discharging accounts for 25-35% of the total flux amount of the whole furnace, the flux before slag discharging is added in two times, the first flux and 1-3 kg/ton of steel iron-carbon balls are added after the oxygen lance is put into the gun for ignition, and the second flux is added between 60-120 s after smelting begins;
before slag is discharged, the lance position of the oxygen lance adopts a low-high-low principle, the lance position for blowing is lowered to 220-230 cm, after ignition is successful, the lance position is lifted to 250-260 cm, and after the reaction in the furnace is stable, the lance position is lowered to 220-230 cm until slag is discharged; lifting the lance and discharging slag when converting for 200-300 s;
4) slag discharging operation: immediately after the lance is lifted, 1.2-1.4 kg/ton of steel iron-carbon balls are put into the furnace, 0.5-1.5/ton of steel iron ore is added into the furnace, and then the furnace shaking operation is carried out at-30 degrees.
2. The quick slag tapping method for converter double-slag smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that the iron-carbon balls comprise the following components in percentage by mass: fe: 60% -65%, C: 10% -20%, wherein the iron ore comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe is more than or equal to 60 percent and SiO 2 ≥1%,Al 2 O 3 Not less than 1 percent, and the balance of impurities.
3. The quick slag tapping method for converter double-slag smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 4), if the foamed slag in the converter is found not to be reacted and overflowed from the converter mouth violently during the converter tilting process, the converter is rocked to the zero position, the converter is continuously charged with 1.2-1.4 kg/ton of steel iron-carbon balls once, and then 0.5-1.5 kg/ton of steel iron ore is added.
CN202210808821.2A 2022-07-11 2022-07-11 Quick slag discharging method for double-slag smelting of converter Active CN114959164B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102888487A (en) * 2012-10-12 2013-01-23 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 High-efficiency remaining slag smelting method of converters
CN107034334A (en) * 2017-05-10 2017-08-11 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The double slag melting methods of half steel of the quick slagging of falling stove
CN108893574A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-27 山东钢铁股份有限公司 One kind being used for molten iron [Si]<0.50% converter steel making method
CN111719032A (en) * 2019-03-21 2020-09-29 本钢板材股份有限公司 Converter less-slag smelting method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102888487A (en) * 2012-10-12 2013-01-23 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 High-efficiency remaining slag smelting method of converters
CN107034334A (en) * 2017-05-10 2017-08-11 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The double slag melting methods of half steel of the quick slagging of falling stove
CN108893574A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-27 山东钢铁股份有限公司 One kind being used for molten iron [Si]<0.50% converter steel making method
CN111719032A (en) * 2019-03-21 2020-09-29 本钢板材股份有限公司 Converter less-slag smelting method

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