CN114959154A - Material distribution method for Ou metallurgical furnace shaft furnace - Google Patents
Material distribution method for Ou metallurgical furnace shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN114959154A CN114959154A CN202210731647.6A CN202210731647A CN114959154A CN 114959154 A CN114959154 A CN 114959154A CN 202210731647 A CN202210731647 A CN 202210731647A CN 114959154 A CN114959154 A CN 114959154A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
- C21B13/023—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces wherein iron or steel is obtained in a molten state
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a material distribution method for a vertical furnace of an Ou-Meta furnace, which utilizes the unique structure of the Ou-Meta furnace, avoids the defects that the position of a blast furnace reflow zone is moved upwards, a blast furnace body is bonded, the development of edge airflow is hindered, the blast furnace air volume is atrophied, the pressure difference is increased, the air permeability is deteriorated and the like caused by the fact that the ratio of high scrap steel is in the blast furnace, can greatly improve the charging proportion of the Ou-Meta furnace scrap steel into the furnace, and reduces the consumption of fuel; the specific process comprises the following steps: silo → main feeding belt → vertical sealing-tape machine → horizontal conveying belt → feeding tank → intermediate tank → blanking tank → ore distributor → shaft furnace; the alkaline sintering ore, the acid pellets, the green ore and the coke dices realize an annular material distribution mode through a material distribution chute of an ore distributor, and the shape of a material surface is controlled to form an edge and center airflow mode; the shaft furnace comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35% of sintered ore, 55% of pellet ore, 4% of raw ore and 6% of coke; distributing gears: ore line: 1/0, 2/0, 3/0, 4/0.3, 5/1, 6/1, 7/1, 8/0.2; 3. the material distributing time of the ore distributor is 260s, and the shaft furnace is charged in a material level meter mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a material distribution method for a shaft furnace of an Ou-Meta furnace.
Background
A COREX furnace as a forebody of an Ou smelting furnace, a COREX smelting reduction method, is a non-coke iron-making technology developed by an Ou steel union, and is also the only smelting reduction technology for realizing industrialization. The iron making by COREX smelting reduction is taken as the previous process of iron and steel enterprises and is used for producing molten iron for the steelmaking process. The COREX shaft furnace distributing device adopts a spider foot distributing device at the earliest, and develops from 6 of C1000 to 12 of C2000, but the fixed distributing mode cannot adapt to the change of furnace conditions along with the enlargement of the diameter of the C3000 shaft furnace. To increase the flexibility of the distribution mode, dynamic distributors were developed afterwards. Bao steel C3000 is named COREX stove because of receiving resource optimal configuration to move to behind eight steel, and European smelting stove shaft furnace has followed C3000 shaft furnace dynamic distributing device in blow-on earlier stage, and there are following defect and drawback in the production process of European smelting stove shaft furnace dynamic distributing device:
1. equipment defect: the development and the use of the Bao steel C3000 dynamic distributor are proved that three parts are mainly failed, and a C-3000 furnace is correspondingly improved. Bearing failure: because the bearing is in a severe high-temperature environment for a long time, good lubrication cannot be obtained, and the bearing fails. Failure of the connecting chute: the connecting chute mainly reflects in that the connecting accessories of the connecting chute are damaged, and the connecting piece is easy to deform and break under the influence of the force generated by the hydraulic cylinder and high temperature, so that the connecting chute cannot work normally. Thirdly, failure of the distribution chute: wear and deformation failures due to long term operation of the distribution chute in high temperature environments.
2. The process has the following disadvantages: the furnace burden directly falls into the position in the furnace through a chute discharge port by a dynamic distributor of the Ou metallurgical furnace shaft furnace, so that the material distribution is not accurate, the width of each circular ring material surface in the furnace is not consistent, the material distribution is not uniform due to the strong rolling property of pellets, and the like. If the shaft furnace adopts a flat spreading type material distribution mode or an A-shaped material distribution mode, the pressure difference of the shaft furnace is greatly increased, and the metallization rate is reduced. The edge gas flow is difficult to control and develop, the enclosing pipe of the shaft furnace is easy to damage, the initial gas flow rate of the gas entering the shaft furnace at the enclosing pipe is reduced, the kinetic energy is insufficient, the gas can hardly penetrate the center of the shaft furnace, the edge gas flow is strong, and the gas utilization rate is reduced. And the edge over-blowing causes the furnace burden of the shaft furnace to be bonded, so that the DRI downcomer is frequently blocked, and the operation rate and the stability of production are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a charging method for a shaft furnace of an Ou-Meta furnace, aiming at the defects of the dynamic charging device for the shaft furnace of the Ou-Meta furnace.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a burden distribution method for a shaft furnace of an Ou-Meta furnace comprises the following specific processes: silo → main feeding belt → vertical sealing-tape machine → horizontal conveying belt → feeding tank → intermediate tank → blanking tank → ore distributor → shaft furnace;
the alkaline sintering ore, the acid pellets, the green ore and the coke dices realize an annular material distribution mode through a material distribution chute of an ore distributor, and the shape of a material surface is controlled to form an edge and center airflow mode;
presetting a material distribution gear, and distributing a material batch to a current batch according to the material distribution gear according to the material distribution sequence from the edge to the center of the shaft furnace; after the current batch of material is distributed, acquiring the actual material distribution time; judging whether the difference between the actual material distribution time and the preset total material distribution time meets a preset material distribution correction condition or not; if the difference between the actual material distribution time and the preset material distribution time meets a preset material distribution correction condition, when material distribution is carried out on the next furnace time of the current furnace time, the valve opening of the material flow valve is adjusted according to the difference until the material distribution error meets a preset error range; therefore, when the material distribution of the current furnace is in error, self-learning can be carried out according to the difference value between the actual material distribution total time and the preset material distribution total time when the material distribution of the next batch of the current batch is carried out, so that the valve opening is adjusted, and the material distribution accuracy of the distribution thickness of the alkaline sintering ore, the acidic pellet, the green ore and the coke briquette of the subsequent furnace of the next batch and the next batch is improved;
the preset cloth gears are as follows:
the material line is arranged: 1.5 m; setting gears according to 8 gears, setting the material distribution time to be 260s, setting the initial angle to be 0 degree and setting the final angle to be 360 degrees;
the material distribution period of a batch of the shaft furnace is that the time from the center to the edge of a material distribution gear to the center is set to be 260S, annular material distribution is adopted, the starting angle of a material distribution gear is 0, the ending angle is 360 degrees, the material distribution thickness of each gear is a relative value, and the material distribution time of each gear is calculated according to the cycle time and the relative material distribution thickness; the rotating speed, namely the number of revolutions per minute of the distributing device, is set to be 6 revolutions per minute; the rotation direction is selected to be clockwise, and different inclination angles of the distributing device correspond to different gears;
the material distribution period of a batch of materials of the shaft furnace is that the material flow valve is opened to start discharging, and the material flow valve is automatically closed after the batch of materials is completely distributed; the opening of the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically adjusted according to the distribution time of each batch, the distribution time of each batch is 260 seconds, the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically opened when the actual distribution time exceeds the set time, the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically opened when the next batch is distributed, and the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically closed when the actual distribution time is lower than the set time, until the deviation between the actual distribution time of the batch and the set time is not more than 5 seconds, the mineral aggregate flow valve is stable at one opening;
the material distribution method finally controls the width of a furnace burden section platform of the shaft furnace, controls the width of a charge level platform to be about 5/3 level of the radius of the throat of the shaft furnace, controls the angle difference of material distribution to control the width of the charge level platform, adjusts the starting angle and the ending angle of the material distribution to adjust the width of the platform to be about 2m and the depth of a funnel to be 1.5m, and forms a V-shaped charge level shape; the maximum angle difference between two gears of the cloth matrix is not more than 5.5 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1 furnace charge carries out the cloth through chute export feed chute, can make the furnace charge form the circulation curve of multiple not equidimension circular arc along the cloth ring line, the realization has improved the direct position inaccuracy that falls into in the stove of the eustoma furnace shaft furnace developments distributing device of furnace charge through the chute discharge gate, the inhomogeneous scheduling problem of cloth that each ring charge level width is inconsistent and the strong roll character of pelletizing caused in the stove, different charge level difference in the stove has been alleviateed, the homogeneity of eustoma furnace shaft furnace cloth has been increased, accurate reasonable cloth has been realized, especially fixed point cloth and pelletizing cloth accuracy, to improving the gas flow utilization ratio, shaft furnace metallization rate and stable furnace condition all have positive effects. The metallization rate of the shaft furnace is improved from 49.8 percent to 60 percent
The shaft furnace material flow valve overcomes the gravity action of furnace charge in the material tank, and the phenomenon that the material distribution thickness and the front and back of a material distribution center drop point are inconsistent because the material flow in the early stage is usually higher than the material flow in the later stage in the material distribution process is avoided through automatic compensation and adjustment of the opening of the shaft furnace material flow valve. Accurate material distribution is realized, and more uniform and reasonable material distribution is realized.
3 after the cloth is adjusted to be V-shaped, the central gas flow can be developed to reduce the pressure difference and find a balance point between the pressure difference and the metallization rate.
The top of the shaft furnace of the invention realizes the burden distribution control of the Ou-metallurgical furnace by using a bell-less device, and the bell-less device distributes burden materials into the furnace by the rotation of a chute through a gear box. The device eliminates the failure of three components of the dynamic distributor of the shaft furnace of the Europe and metallurgy furnace, namely the failure of a bearing and the failure of a connecting chute. And the failure of the distribution chute improves the stability of the equipment. The invention relates to a material distributing method of a vertical furnace distributing device of a non-blast furnace Europe metallurgy furnace, which generally adopts a mode of sequentially and hierarchically distributing alkaline sinter ore, acid pellet ore, raw ore and coke breeze into the furnace, namely small coke and ore are respectively and alternately distributed into the furnace, and furnace burden forms a platform + funnel-shaped material surface shape with a platform on the furnace top after entering the furnace, generally speaking, the material surface shape is more regular and balanced, the material surface height is basically uniform, the material distributing method can prevent the material surface from being damaged by deflection, sliding, pipelines, material collapse and the like caused by the deformation of the material surface shape, so as to balance the material surface, and if the material surface is damaged in a balanced way, the method can adjust and change the distribution of coal gas flow in the furnace, improve the smelting process of the shaft furnace, ensure the redox reaction of the shaft furnace to be smoothly carried out, and quickly process the abnormal charge level shape of the shaft furnace and restore the abnormal charge level shape to the normal charge level.
A burden distribution device and method for a vertical furnace of an Ou metallurgical furnace, the method adjusts the technological parameters of the vertical furnace by adjusting the burden distribution mode of the vertical furnace, and utilizes the unique structure of the Ou metallurgical furnace, thereby avoiding the defects that the position of a blast furnace soft melting zone is moved upwards, the shaft of the blast furnace is bonded, the development of edge airflow is hindered, the blast furnace air volume is shriveled, the pressure difference is increased, the air permeability is worsened, the operation is difficult, and the productivity and the smooth operation are influenced due to the non-smooth condition of the blast furnace, greatly improving the burden ratio of scrap steel entering the Ou metallurgical furnace, and improving the yield; greatly reduces the consumption of fuel and further reduces the emission of CO 2.
Detailed Description
A burden distribution method for a shaft furnace of an Ou metallurgical furnace comprises the following specific processes: silo → main feeding belt → vertical sealing-tape machine → horizontal conveying belt → feeding tank → intermediate tank → blanking tank → ore distributor → shaft furnace;
the alkaline sintering ore, the acid pellets, the green ore and the coke dices realize an annular material distribution mode through a material distribution chute of an ore distributor, and the shape of a material surface is controlled to form an edge and center airflow mode;
presetting a material distribution gear, and distributing material batches to the current batch according to the material distribution gear in the material distribution sequence from the edge to the center of the shaft furnace; after the current batch of material is distributed, acquiring the actual material distribution time; judging whether the difference between the actual material distribution time and the preset total material distribution time meets a preset material distribution correction condition or not; if the difference between the actual material distribution time and the preset material distribution time meets a preset material distribution correction condition, when material distribution is carried out on the next furnace time of the current furnace time, the valve opening of the material flow valve is adjusted according to the difference until the material distribution error meets a preset error range; therefore, when the material distribution of the current furnace is in error, self-learning can be carried out according to the difference value between the actual material distribution total time and the preset material distribution total time when the material distribution of the next batch of the current furnace is carried out, so that the opening degree (opening or closing) of the valve is adjusted, the material distribution accuracy of the distribution thickness of the alkaline sintering ore, the acid pellet, the green ore and the coke briquette of the subsequent furnace of the next batch and the next batch is improved, and the phenomenon that the material distribution thickness of the alkaline sintering ore, the acid pellet, the green ore and the coke briquette cannot reach the set relative thickness due to too fast material batch distribution is avoided; the phenomenon that the ore raw materials are excessive due to too slow batch distribution can be avoided, the stable and controllable distribution of the surface of the ore raw materials is ensured, and the stability of the central gas flow and the edge gas flow of the shaft furnace is further ensured.
The preset cloth gears are as follows:
the material line is arranged: 1.5 m.
Setting the gears according to 8 gears, setting the material distribution time to be 260s, the initial angle to be 0 degrees and the final angle to be 360 degrees as shown in the specification
1 (gear)/0 (radius R)/0 (relative cloth thickness)/10 (cloth angle);
2 (gear)/0.4 (radius R)/0 (relative cloth thickness)/13 (cloth angle);
3 (gear)/0.8 (radius R)/0.8 (relative cloth thickness)/17 (cloth angle);
4 (gear)/1.2 (radius R)/1 (cloth relative thickness)/21.5 (cloth angle);
5 (gear)/1.6 (radius R)/1 (cloth relative thickness)/25.5 (cloth angle);
6 (gear)/2.0 (radius R)/1 (relative cloth thickness)/31 (cloth angle);
7 (gear)/2.4 (radius R)/1 (relative cloth thickness)/36.5 (cloth angle);
8 (gear)/2.8 (radius R)/0.4 (relative thickness of cloth)/40.5 (cloth angle);
the material distribution period of a batch of materials of the shaft furnace is that the time from the center to the edge of a material distribution gear to the center is set to be 260S, annular material distribution is adopted, the initial angle of a material distribution gear is 0, the final angle is 360 degrees, the material distribution thickness of each gear is a relative value, and the material distribution time of each gear is calculated according to the cycle time and the relative material distribution thickness. The rotational speed, i.e. how many revolutions per minute of the distributor, was set at 6 revolutions per minute. The rotation direction is selected to be clockwise, and different inclination angles of the distributing device correspond to different gears.
The material distribution period of a batch of materials of the shaft furnace is to start blanking from the opening of the material flow valve, and the material flow valve is automatically closed after the batch of materials is completely distributed. The opening of the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically adjusted according to the distribution time of each batch, the distribution time of each batch is 260 seconds, the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically opened when the actual distribution time exceeds the set time, the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically opened when the next batch is distributed, and the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically closed when the actual distribution time is lower than the set time, until the deviation between the actual distribution time of the batch and the set time is not more than 5 seconds, the mineral aggregate flow valve is stable at one opening. A typical material flow valve opening is typically 15-22%, corresponding to a material distribution time of 260 seconds.
The material distribution method finally controls the width of the furnace burden section platform of the shaft furnace at about 5/3 level of the radius of the throat of the shaft furnace, controls the width of the charge level platform by controlling the angle difference of material distribution, adjusts the width of the platform by about 2m and the depth of a funnel by about 1.5m by adjusting the initial angle and the final angle of the material distribution, and forms the V-shaped charge level shape. The depth of the funnel of 1.5m can cause a local low stockline at the central part of a material distribution platform of the shaft furnace, and the rising resistance of coal gas is reduced. The principle of controlling the funnel is that the funnel cannot be too wide, so that the fuel ratio is prevented from being influenced by excessive central air flow, and the starting angle is increased by a method of deepening the funnel.
The angular difference distribution among all gears of the distribution matrix is continuously and stably noticed, the difference is not required to be too large, the angular difference between the two gears is not more than 5.5 degrees at most, the distribution of the gas flow is adjusted, and the reasonable distribution of the gas flow is beneficial to obtaining low pressure difference of a material column of the shaft furnace, high unit consumption of the gas and high utilization rate of the gas. A high metallization rate can thus be obtained. The general trend of the ore distribution gear adjustment is edge pressing and center opening, so that the development edge of airflow is inhibited, the central airflow is properly enhanced, the control of a charging system is further carried out, and the distribution of the shaft furnace is adjusted.
A method for distributing material in a shaft furnace of an euler furnace, the following description of a specific embodiment of the invention, which is part of the present description, will be given by way of example to illustrate the field operating characteristics.
1. The shaft furnace comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35% of sintered ore, 55% of pellet ore, 4% of raw ore and 6% of coke;
2. distributing gears: ore line: 1/0, 2/0, 3/0, 4/0.3, 5/1, 6/1, 7/1, 8/0.2;
3. the material distributing time of the ore distributor is 260s, and the shaft furnace is charged in a material level meter mode.
An operating parameter adjusting embodiment corresponding to the Ou metallurgical furnace shaft furnace distributing device and the method comprises the following steps:
the smelting rate is 170 +/-5 t/h; controlling the temperature of the reducing gas: 860 +/-10 ℃; the pressure difference of the shaft furnace is controlled to be not higher than 80 KPa, and the fluctuation of the pressure difference between the front and the back of the material distribution is controlled to be within 15 KPa. The pressure difference of the surrounding pipe is controlled to be not higher than 45KPa, and the unit consumption reference amount of the top gas is 780-830 m 3 H is used as the reference value. To be provided withControlling the parameters of the shaft furnace when the temperature of the top of the shaft furnace is less than or equal to 350 ℃; the material level control of the shaft furnace takes a mechanical average detecting ruler as a standard: 1.5m, 2.0 m mechanical corresponding to 17.9-18.3m radar. The opening of the material flow valve is 15-22%.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and additions can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and additions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A burden distribution method for a shaft furnace of an Ou metallurgical furnace is characterized by comprising the following specific processes: silo → main feeding belt → vertical sealing-tape machine → horizontal conveying belt → feeding tank → intermediate tank → blanking tank → ore distributor → shaft furnace;
the alkaline sintering ore, the acid pellets, the green ore and the coke dices realize an annular material distribution mode through a material distribution chute of an ore distributor, and the shape of a material surface is controlled to form an edge and center airflow mode;
presetting a material distribution gear, and distributing a material batch to a current batch according to the material distribution gear according to the material distribution sequence from the edge to the center of the shaft furnace; after the current batch of material is distributed, acquiring the actual material distribution time; judging whether the difference between the actual material distribution time and the preset total material distribution time meets a preset material distribution correction condition or not; if the difference between the actual material distribution time and the preset material distribution time meets a preset material distribution correction condition, when material distribution is carried out on the next furnace time of the current furnace time, the valve opening of the material flow valve is adjusted according to the difference until the material distribution error meets a preset error range; therefore, when the material distribution of the current furnace is in error, self-learning can be carried out according to the difference value between the actual material distribution total time and the preset material distribution total time when the material distribution of the next batch of the current batch is carried out, so that the valve opening is adjusted, and the material distribution accuracy of the distribution thickness of the alkaline sintering ore, the acidic pellet, the green ore and the coke briquette of the subsequent furnace of the next batch and the next batch is improved;
the preset cloth gears are as follows:
the material line is arranged: 1.5 m; setting gears according to 8 gears, setting the material distribution time to be 260s, setting the initial angle to be 0 degree and setting the final angle to be 360 degrees;
the material distribution period of a batch of the shaft furnace is that the time from the center to the edge of a material distribution gear to the center is set to be 260S, annular material distribution is adopted, the starting angle of a material distribution gear is 0, the ending angle is 360 degrees, the material distribution thickness of each gear is a relative value, and the material distribution time of each gear is calculated according to the cycle time and the relative material distribution thickness; the rotating speed, namely the number of revolutions per minute of the distributing device, is set to be 6 revolutions per minute; the rotation direction is selected to be clockwise, and different inclination angles of the distributing device correspond to different gears;
the material distribution period of a batch of materials of the shaft furnace is that the material flow valve is opened to start discharging, and the material flow valve is automatically closed after the batch of materials is completely distributed; the opening of the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically adjusted according to the distribution time of each batch, the distribution time of each batch is 260 seconds, the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically opened when the actual distribution time exceeds the set time, and the mineral aggregate flow valve is automatically closed when the actual distribution time is lower than the set time until the deviation between the actual distribution time of each batch and the set time is not more than 5 seconds;
the material distribution method controls the width of a furnace burden section platform of the shaft furnace to be 5/3 of the radius of the throat of the shaft furnace, controls the width of a charge level platform by controlling the angle difference of material distribution, adjusts the width of the platform by adjusting the starting angle and the ending angle of the material distribution to be 2m and the depth of a funnel to be 1.5m, and forms a V-shaped charge level shape; the maximum angle difference between two gears of the cloth matrix is not more than 5.5 degrees.
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| CN115896379A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-04-04 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Europe and metallurgy furnace system for making iron by utilizing scrap steel and using method |
| CN115896379B (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2024-01-12 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Application method of European smelting furnace system for iron making by utilizing scrap steel |
| CN116042948A (en) * | 2023-02-11 | 2023-05-02 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Material distribution method of European smelting furnace melting gas making furnace |
| CN116162756A (en) * | 2023-02-11 | 2023-05-26 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for reducing carbon emission of European smelting furnace |
| CN116042948B (en) * | 2023-02-11 | 2023-12-08 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Material distribution method of European smelting furnace melting gas making furnace |
| CN116162756B (en) * | 2023-02-11 | 2024-01-12 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for reducing carbon emission of European smelting furnace |
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