CN114958397A - Construction method for heat recovery coke oven masonry - Google Patents
Construction method for heat recovery coke oven masonry Download PDFInfo
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- CN114958397A CN114958397A CN202210595185.XA CN202210595185A CN114958397A CN 114958397 A CN114958397 A CN 114958397A CN 202210595185 A CN202210595185 A CN 202210595185A CN 114958397 A CN114958397 A CN 114958397A
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 225
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010061274 Malocclusion Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011469 building brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B29/00—Other details of coke ovens
- C10B29/02—Brickwork, e.g. casings, linings, walls
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Abstract
A heat recovery coke oven masonry construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: a. measuring and paying off, b, building common bricks at the bottom of the furnace, c, paving a sliding layer, d, building the bottom of the coke oven, e, building a combustion chamber, f, building a carbonization chamber, and g, building the top of the carbonization chamber. The construction method for building the heat recovery coke oven has the advantages of simple operation, simple and convenient measures, capability of checking at any time and correcting in time, improvement on construction quality, shortening of construction period, good safety, small equipment investment and reduction of engineering cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of a coke oven, in particular to a construction method for building a heat recovery coke oven.
Background
Conventional vertical coke ovens for the recovery of chemical products have been used for over 100 years with great technical and economic success. However, with the increasingly wide popularization and use of the chemical production coke oven, the coke oven encounters difficulties in the aspects of environmental protection, comprehensive utilization of coal resources and the like. In order to make the coking industry healthily developed, clean heat recovery coke ovens have come into force. The heat recovery coke oven has the advantages of good coke quality, less environmental pollution, capability of utilizing more weakly caking coal and non-caking coal and the like.
However, the heat recovery coke oven is a novel coke oven, construction experience at home and abroad is relatively less, and a complete set of construction technology and method are not formed yet, but the masonry quality of the coke oven masonry in the coke oven engineering is the greatest importance for the heat recovery coke oven, so that the service life of the coke oven is determined, and the masonry quality of the masonry can cause great influence on the installation of furnace protection iron parts. Therefore, the establishment of the construction process of the heat recovery coke oven is very important.
Therefore, how to provide a standard construction method for the heat recovery coke oven becomes an urgent problem to be solved in engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe and reliable construction method for building a heat recovery coke oven.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a heat recovery coke oven masonry construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. measuring and paying off, comprising the following steps:
(1) discharging a longitudinal center line of the coke oven, a front face line of the coke oven and a main wall center line of the coke oven on a bottom plate of the coke oven;
(2) introducing error control lines of a longitudinal center line, a front face line, a brick layer line and a front face line of the coke oven into the resistance wall;
b. the furnace bottom sintering common brick masonry comprises the following steps:
(1) the first layer is fully paved and sintered by common brick masonry, masonry is carried out according to the front surface line and the central line of each carbonization chamber, and leveling is carried out according to the brick layer line;
(2) the common bricks are sintered on the heat dissipation channel layer, the common bricks are laid on the hanging line after furnace heads on two sides of the machine coke are laid by removing stubbles according to the brick layer line of each layer of the common bricks, the central line of each carbonization chamber and the side line of the heat dissipation holes, and the size of the heat dissipation hole channel is required to be checked at any time during laying;
(3) after the uppermost layer is built and the common sintered bricks are fully laid, the elevation and the flatness of the top surface are checked, an elevation plane graph is drawn, and the allowable error of the elevation of the top surface needs to meet the design standard;
c. the sliding layer laying method comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) fully laying a layer of ceramic fiber blanket on the surface of a sintered common brick along the central line direction of a coke oven carbonization chamber by taking a coke oven front surface line as a boundary, and then laying a layer of galvanized iron sheet on the ceramic fiber blanket along the longitudinal central line of the coke oven, wherein the adjacent two iron sheets are overlapped by 5-10 mm; coating a layer of butter on the surface of the galvanized iron sheet, and paving a layer of petroleum asphalt paper on the surface of the butter along the central line direction of a coke oven carbonization chamber;
(2) laying the ceramic fiber blanket, the galvanized iron sheet and the petroleum asphalt paper sliding layer along with laying, and forbidding large-area pre-laying;
d. the coke oven bottom building method comprises the following steps:
(1) when each layer of the coke oven bottom is built, furnace end brick arrangement lines at two sides of machine coke of the carbonization chamber are carved on the built building body;
(2) when each layer of the coke oven bottom is built, firstly building a coke side furnace end brick of the machine, checking the furnace end by utilizing a front surface line error control line, and then hanging the line for building;
(3) the width size of each air duct needs to be checked at any time when the air duct layer is built;
(4) the bricks of the ventilation hole layer are firstly built with brick columns at two sides of the ventilation hole and then built with ventilation duct overhead brick columns; when the overhead brick row is built, the mortar is prevented from being squeezed into expansion joints on two sides, and after the overhead brick row is built, all vent holes are blocked by rubber plugs in order to prevent foreign matters from falling into the vent channels;
(5) horse dung paper is laid at the expansion joints on the two sides of the vent holes according to the specification, the horse dung paper is processed according to the specified width in advance, and the expansion joints are covered by petroleum asphalt paper sheets when a layer is built;
e. the method for building the combustion chamber comprises the following steps:
(1) the building sequence of the combustion chamber is as follows: the bottom of the combustion chamber → the main wall of the combustion chamber → the six-connected arch partition wall of the combustion chamber → the six-connected arch crown of the combustion chamber → the sealing walls at the two sides of the machine coke;
(2) when two layers of silica bricks at the bottom of the combustion chamber are built, furnace end brick arrangement lines at two sides of machine coke of the carbonization chamber are carved on the built masonry; when in building, the furnace end brick of the coke oven at the coke side of the machine is built firstly, the furnace end is checked by using a furnace end control line, and then the line is hung for building; firstly, building silica bricks at the position of a main wall; dividing the masonry in the two main walls into a plurality of parts according to the expansion joints, building single-row bricks at intervals, then building double-row bricks by using expansion joint plates, placing the expansion joint plates at the positions of the expansion joints, and then building bricks; the expansion joint plate moves along with the building, and mortar on the expansion joint plate is cleaned when necessary; after the expansion joint plate is drawn out, the brickworks on the two sides of the expansion joint are not required to be beaten;
(3) the position of a burner of the main wall of the combustion chamber is carved and marked on the surface of a brick layer at the bottom of the combustion chamber according to a main face line and the central line of the main wall of the carbonization chamber, the position of the brick is aligned according to the carving mark during brick laying, the burner of the main wall is laid to prevent the burner from moving on a sliding layer, the burner is laid with four layers of bricks at a time, the position of a furnace shoulder and the burner is aligned by using a vertical line from the main face line, the verticality of the shoulder part and the head part of the burner is checked by using a plumb line and a guiding ruler, and the widths of the furnace wall and the combustion chamber, the width of the main face line of the burner except the furnace shoulder and the flatness of brick surfaces at two sides of the furnace wall are checked by using a sample plate or the guiding ruler; then, drawing alignment lines from furnace ends on two sides for building, building a brick at the center of the alignment lines, stringing the bricks layer by layer, aligning the hanging lines at the upper corners of the bricks, and aligning the lower corners of the bricks according to the bricks at the lower layer; when the small arch of the gas circulation hole on the fourth layer of main wall is built, the X-shaped bars are used for supporting and building two sides, and then door-closing bricks are built;
(4) building the six-arch partition wall of the combustion chamber by firstly building furnace end bricks at two sides of the machine coke and serially connecting the furnace end bricks layer by layer according to a front surface line and the brick layer level lines at two sides of the main wall, and building a brick at the center of an alignment line; when the six-arch partition wall is built, the flatness and the verticality of the six-arch partition wall and the size of the interval between the six-arch partition walls are required to be checked at any time;
(5) the six-linked arch building is that each hole combustion chamber is built from the coke side to the machine side at the same time, so that the six-linked arch locking bricks are prevented from falling; processing a PE plate and petroleum asphalt paper at a six-arch expansion joint before building; during building, the main wall is built according to the marking line on the main wall, and the marking line is used as a building scale for marking lines of every five bricks so as to check and control brick joints; when in building, bricks on two sides are built first, and then the locking bricks are built at the same time; the flatness of the six-arch combined brick is checked along with the building by using a running rule, the top surface of the six-arch wall and the top of the combined brick is required to reach a certain flatness, so that dry discharge is required, the space between the partition brick walls and the mortar joints at two sides of the combined brick are strictly controlled, and joint pointing and cleaning are performed after the six-arch combined brick is built; cleaning expansion joints at two sides of the six-arch combined brick while building; after the six-arch top combined brick is built, cleaning the six-arch top once;
(6) the wall sealing building is carried out by taking a furnace end face line as a boundary, so that the perpendicularity is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the temperature measuring holes and the size of the expansion joint are controlled;
f. the construction of the carbonization chamber comprises the following steps:
(1) the masonry sequence is as follows: building the main wall of the carbonization chamber → building an arch center → building a large arch of the carbonization chamber → building a large arch of high-alumina bricks on both sides of machine coke of the carbonization chamber → building the bottom of the carbonization chamber;
(2) the construction mode of the main wall of the carbonization chamber is the same as that of the main wall of the combustion chamber;
(3) building an arch tire: the arch tyre consists of a moulding bed and moulding strips, the moulding bed is accurately manufactured according to the span and the arch height of the arch, the length of the carbonization chamber is reasonably distributed according to the length of the carbonization chamber to be used as the moulding strips, the thickness of the arch tyre is in accordance with the bearing requirement, the upper surface of the arch tyre is the same as the lower surface of the arch or the top in shape, a scaffold pipe is erected to be used as a support, and the scaffold must be firmly installed; placing the jig frame on double steel pipes on the adjustable support of the scaffold, nailing the tire strips on the jig frame to form an integral arch tire, and adjusting the adjustable support on the top of the scaffold by matching with a level gauge to enable the elevation position of the top surface of the arch tire to meet the requirement;
(4) the large arch masonry of the coking chamber needs to simultaneously masonry all coking chambers from the coke side to the machine side; marking the orientations of all holes of all main walls before building to prevent building errors during building; the arch or vault should be constructed in staggered joints during construction, and the arch and vault constructed in staggered joints should be constructed along the longitudinal joint bracing wire to keep the brick surface straight; the large arch and the arch crown must be symmetrically built from arch feet at two sides to the center, and the big end and the small end of the arch brick are strictly forbidden to be inverted; the radial seams of the arch and the vault are matched with the radial direction; the inner surfaces of arch bricks of the arch and the vault are smooth, and the staggered teeth of the arch bricks reach the standard; the locking bricks are symmetrically and uniformly distributed according to the center lines of the arch and the vault; standing for one night after the refractory masonry of each arch tube is built, and moving the scaffold and the arch tube integrally to the building position of the next arch tube by adjusting the adjustable support the next day;
(5) the large arches of the blast furnace bricks on the two sides of the machine coke are required to be independently manufactured into arch tires of a single tire frame due to the higher elevation position of the arch crown, the arch tires are erected and supported by scaffolds during the building of the large arches on the two sides of the machine coke, and the building of the large arches is consistent with the building of the large arches in a carbonization chamber; a notch is reserved at the position of the door closing brick of the single jig frame to close the door;
(6) the bottom of the carbonization chamber is built together with the bottom of the combustion chamber;
g. the construction of the furnace top of the carbonization chamber comprises the following steps:
(1) the main wall of the furnace top is built together with the main wall of the carbonization chamber;
(2) when the furnace top is built, the arch crown of the large arch must be symmetrically built from arch feet at two sides to the center at the same time, and the large arch is regarded as an arch center when the refractory brick of the furnace top is built; when the furnace top is built, a part of furnace ends and a part of refractory bricks on the furnace top are kept to be not built according to the requirements of a furnace, half-brick masonry is removed from each layer of high-alumina bricks on two sides of a large arch at the furnace end, and refractory bricks with fire observation hole row widths are kept in the furnace.
The heat recovery coke oven masonry construction method can be further realized by adopting the following technical measures.
The method of the foregoing, wherein the various measurement lines control a line error of ± 1 mm.
In the method, the error of the linear dimension of each dimension, such as the wall width, the center distance and the like, is ± 3.
The method, wherein the allowable tolerance of the brick joint is minus 1-2 mm.
In the method, the straightness of the top surface of the six-connected wall arch top combined brick and the bottom of the carbonization chamber needs to be controlled within 3 mm.
The method, wherein the malocclusion of the carbonization chamber bottom and the main wall of the carbonization chamber should not exceed 1 mm.
The foregoing method, wherein the inner surfaces of the arch and dome should be flat, the malocclusion of individual bricks should not exceed 3 mm.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the heat recovery coke oven masonry construction method has the following advantages:
1. the operation is simple, the measures are simple, the checking can be carried out at any time, and the correction can be carried out in time;
2. the construction quality is improved, the construction period is shortened, and the safety is good;
3. the equipment investment is small, and the engineering cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat recovery coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 common sintered brick foundation, 2 furnace bottom foundation, 3 combustion chamber main wall, 4 carbonization chamber main wall, 5 furnace top main wall, 6 heat dissipation holes, 7 ventilation channel, 8 ventilation hole, 9 combustion chamber bottom, 10 six-arch partition wall, 11 six-arch vault, 12 carbonization chamber bottom, 13 carbonization chamber large arch, 14 furnace top, 15 vertical flue.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring now to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat recovery coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the heat recovery coke oven has the size of 87750mm multiplied by 16740mm multiplied by 5635mm, and consists of a sintered common brick foundation 1, a furnace bottom foundation 2, a combustion chamber, a carbonization chamber and a furnace top. 5 layers of common bricks, 5 layers of clay bricks, 10 layers of combustion chambers, 15 layers of combustion chambers and 8 layers of furnace top are sintered at the bottom of the furnace bottom foundation.
The heat recovery coke oven masonry construction method comprises the following steps:
1. measuring line
1.1 discharging the longitudinal central line of the coke oven, the front surface line of the coke oven and the central line of the main wall of the coke oven on the bottom plate of the coke oven.
1.2 introducing error control lines of a longitudinal central line, a front face line, a brick layer line and a front face line of the coke oven into the resisting wall.
2. Furnace bottom sintered common brick masonry
2.1 the first layer of fully-paved and sintered common bricks are built according to the front lines and the central lines of all the carbonization chambers, and are leveled according to the brick layer lines.
2.2 the common bricks are sintered on the heat dissipation channel layers, the furnace heads on the two sides of the machine coke are laid by removing stubbles firstly according to the brick layer lines of the common bricks, the central lines of the carbonization chambers and the 6 side lines of the heat dissipation holes, and then the common bricks are laid by hanging lines, and the size of the heat dissipation hole channel is required to be checked at any time during laying.
2.3 after the uppermost layer is built and the common sintered bricks are fully paved, the elevation and the flatness of the top surface are checked, an elevation plane graph is drawn, and the allowable error of the elevation of the top surface needs to meet the design standard.
3. Laying of sliding layer
3.1 with the front face line of the coke oven as the boundary, a layer of 10mm thick ceramic fiber blanket is fully paved on the surface of the sintered common brick along the central line direction of the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, then a layer of 0.5mm thick galvanized iron sheet is paved on the ceramic fiber blanket along the longitudinal central line of the coke oven, and the two iron sheets are overlapped by 5-10 mm. And (3) coating a layer of butter on the surface of the galvanized iron sheet, and paving a layer of petroleum asphalt paper on the surface of the butter along the central line direction of a coke oven carbonization chamber.
3.2 laying the ceramic fiber blanket, the galvanized iron sheet and the petroleum asphalt paper sliding layer at the same time, and forbidding large-area pre-laying.
4. Coke oven bottom masonry
4.1 when each layer is built, furnace end brick arrangement lines on two sides of machine coke of the carbonization chamber are carved on the built masonry.
4.2 when each layer is built, firstly building the coke side furnace end brick, using the front surface line error control line to check the furnace end, and then hanging the line for building.
4.3 the width of each air duct 7 must be checked at any time during the construction of the air duct floor.
4.4 the bricks of the ventilation hole layer are firstly constructed with brick rows at both sides of the ventilation hole 8 and then constructed with ventilation duct overhead brick rows; when the over-head brick row is built, the mortar is prevented from being squeezed into expansion joints on two sides, and in order to prevent foreign matters from falling into the ventilation duct after the over-head brick row is built, all ventilation holes must be blocked by rubber plugs.
4.6 the expansion joints at the two sides of the vent hole are paved with horse dung paper of 3mm according to the specification, the horse dung paper is processed according to the specified width in advance, and the expansion joints are covered by petroleum asphalt paper sheets when a layer is built.
5. Combustion chamber masonry
5.1 masonry sequence: the combustion chamber bottom → the combustion chamber main wall → the six-connected arch partitions of the combustion chamber → the six-connected arch crown of the combustion chamber → the sealing walls on the two sides of the coke.
5.2 when 9 layers of silica bricks at the bottom of the combustion chamber are built, furnace end brick arrangement lines at two sides of machine coke of the carbonization chamber are carved on the built masonry; when in building, the furnace end brick of the coke oven at the coke side of the machine is built firstly, the furnace end is checked by using a furnace end control line, and then the line is hung for building; firstly, building silica bricks at the position of a main wall; dividing the masonry in the two main walls into a plurality of parts according to the expansion joints, building single-row bricks at intervals, then building double-row bricks by using expansion joint plates, placing the expansion joint plates at the positions of the expansion joints, and then building bricks; the expansion joint plate moves along with the building, and mortar on the expansion joint plate is cleaned when necessary; and after the expansion joint plate is drawn out, the brickworks on the two sides of the expansion joint are not required to be knocked.
5.3 the masonry of the main wall 3 of the combustion chamber carves the position of the burner of the main wall of the combustion chamber on the surface of a brick layer at the bottom of the combustion chamber according to the main wall central line of the front facing line and the carbonization chamber, the position of the brick is aligned according to the line during brick laying, the burner of the main wall is built to prevent the burner from moving on a sliding layer, the burner is built by four layers of bricks once, and is laid towards the inner step of the wall for laying, the positions of the furnace shoulder and the burner are aligned by using the front facing line, the verticality of the shoulder part and the head part of the furnace head is checked by using the line plumb and the guiding ruler, and the widths of the furnace wall and the combustion chamber, the width of the front facing line of the burner except the furnace shoulder and the flatness of the brick surfaces at two sides of the burner are checked by using a sample plate or the guiding ruler. And then, drawing alignment lines from the furnace ends at two sides for building, building a brick at the center of the alignment lines, stringing the bricks layer by layer, aligning the hanging lines at the upper corners of the bricks, and aligning the lower corners of the bricks according to the alignment of the bricks at the lower layer. Particularly, when the small arch of the gas flow hole on the fourth main wall is built, the X-shaped strips are used for supporting and building two sides, and then the door-closing bricks are built.
5.4 the six-linked arch partition wall 11 of the combustion chamber is built by firstly building furnace end bricks at two sides of the machine coke and serially building layer by layer according to the front surface line and the brick layer level lines at two sides of the main wall, and a brick is built at the center of the collimation line firstly. When the six-arch partition wall is built, the flatness and the verticality of the six-arch partition wall and the distance between the six-arch partition walls are required to be checked at any time.
5.5 six-linked arch masonry should be carried out by simultaneously building each hole combustion chamber from the coke side to the machine side, so that the six-linked arch locking bricks can be prevented from falling; processing a PE plate and petroleum asphalt paper at a six-arch expansion joint before building; during building, the main wall is built according to the marking line on the main wall, and the marking line is used as a building scale for marking lines of every five bricks so as to check and control brick joints; when in building, bricks on two sides are built first, and then the locking bricks are built at the same time. The flatness of the six-arch combined brick is checked along with the laying by using a running rule, the top surface of the six-arch vault 11 combined brick is required to be flat, the flatness is required to be controlled within 3mm, therefore, the dry-type arrangement is required, the space between the partition brick walls and the mortar joints at two sides of the combined brick are strictly controlled, and the jointing and the cleaning are carried out after the six-arch combined brick is laid. And (3) building and cleaning expansion joints at two sides of the six-arch combined brick. After the six-arch top combined brick is built, cleaning the interior of the six-arch once.
5.6 the masonry of the sealing wall is carried out by taking the face line of the furnace end as the boundary, so as to ensure the verticality and control the temperature measuring hole and the size of the expansion joint.
6. Masonry of carbonization chamber
6.1 masonry sequence: building the main wall of the carbonization chamber → building an arch center → building a large arch of the carbonization chamber → building large arches of high-alumina bricks on two sides of machine coke of the carbonization chamber → building the bottom 12 of the carbonization chamber.
6.2 the main wall of the carbonization chamber is built, and 5.3 sections of the main wall of the combustion chamber are built,
6.3 arch tyre erection: the arch tyre consists of a tyre frame and tyre strips, the tyre frame is accurately manufactured according to the span and the height of an arch, the length of a carbonization chamber is reasonably distributed according to the length of the carbonization chamber to serve as the tyre strips, the thickness of the arch tyre is in accordance with the bearing requirement, the upper surface of the arch tyre is the same as the lower surface of the arch or the top in shape, a scaffold pipe is erected to serve as a support, and a scaffold must be firmly installed; the jig frame is placed on the double steel pipes on the adjustable support of the scaffold, the tire strips are nailed on the jig frame to form an integral arch core, and then the adjustable support at the top of the scaffold is adjusted by matching with a level gauge to enable the elevation position of the top surface of the arch core to meet the requirement.
6.4 the building of the large arch 13 of the coking chamber needs to be carried out by building all the coking chambers from the coke side to the machine side at the same time; before building, marking the orientations of all holes of the main walls 4 of all carbonization chambers to prevent building errors during building; the arch or vault should be constructed in staggered joints during construction, and the arch and vault constructed in staggered joints should be constructed along the longitudinal joint bracing wire to keep the brick surface straight; the large arch and the arch crown must be symmetrically built from arch feet at two sides to the center, and the big end and the small end of the arch brick are strictly forbidden to be inverted; the radial seams of the arch and the vault are matched with the radial direction; the inner surfaces of the arch and the vault are smooth, and the malocclusion of individual bricks is not more than 3 mm; the locking bricks should be symmetrically and uniformly distributed according to the center lines of the arch and the vault. And after each arch tire refractory masonry is built, standing for one night, and moving the scaffold and the arch tire integrally to the building position of the next tire after adjusting the adjustable support the next day.
6.5 the large arch of the blast furnace brick at two sides of the machine coke needs to be independently manufactured into an arch stuffing of a single-piece moulding bed because the elevation position of the arch crown is higher, the arch stuffing is erected and supported by a scaffold when the large arches at two sides of the machine coke are built, and the building of the large arch is consistent with the building of the large arch of the carbonization chamber; it should be noted that a gap is required to be reserved at the position where the single jig frame closes the door brick to close the door.
6.6 the bottom of the carbonization chamber is built by the same method as the bottom of the 5.2-section combustion chamber.
7. Furnace roof masonry of carbonization chamber
7.1 the main wall 5 of the furnace top is built together with the main wall of the carbonization chamber of 6.2 sections.
7.2 when the furnace top is built, the arch crown built by the large arch must be symmetrically built from arch feet at two sides to the center at the same time, and the large arch is regarded as an arch center when the refractory brick of the furnace top is built; when the furnace top 12 is built, a part of furnace ends and a part of refractory bricks on the furnace top are kept without building according to the requirements of a furnace, half-brick building is removed from each layer of high-alumina bricks at two sides of a large arch at the furnace end, and refractory bricks with fire observation hole row widths are kept in the furnace.
The construction method for building the heat recovery coke oven of the invention also needs to pay attention to the following building key points in the actual construction:
1. before the coke oven is built, important parts of a six-joint arch of the coke oven, a main wall of a carbonization chamber, a furnace roof arch corner wall, an ascending pipe and the like are pre-built. The coke oven prebuilt is carried out according to the formal coke oven bricking construction method, and the problems existing in design, materials and construction are checked and recorded in detail according to the acceptance quality standard.
2. A sliding surface on the base platform, a six-linked arch bottom layer plane and the bottom surface elevation of the carbonization chamber; the seat surfaces of the straight wall arch springing bricks of the carbonization chamber need to be drawn with elevation plane drawings. And the corresponding points on the elevation plane map are respectively taken at the positions 400-500 mm away from the front line of the machine focus side on the central line of each carbonization chamber, and a point is taken on the longitudinal central line.
3. The general condition of bricking a furnace is that the bricking is carried out from the furnace end and the bricking is carried out to the hanging line in the furnace; when the line is hung, a brick is built on the longitudinal center line to ensure that the reference line does not fall down.
4. The surface of the laid brick is cleaned before each layer of brick is laid. When the stubbles are required to be left when the bricking is interrupted or the bricks are reworked and removed, stepped oblique stubbles are reserved.
5. The allowed processing bricks can not be processed on the masonry; the processed surface of the brick and the brick with the edge lacking and corner falling are placed on the masonry surface, and the processed brick is forbidden to be used on the working surface of the carbonization chamber.
6. When the brick is laid, a mallet or a rubber mallet is used for beating and aligning, and an iron hammer is not used for beating the brick; after the slurry in the masonry is dried, the quality defect of the masonry can not be corrected by a beating method, and the masonry is dismantled and rebuilt; stepping on the masonry causes the movable bricks to be rebuilt.
The brick joints should be kept full of refractory mortar, no empty joints are allowed, therefore, all vertical joint surfaces need to be plastered on two sides, horizontal joint surfaces can be plastered on one side but are paved evenly, the brick joints on the outer surfaces of all walls and fire paths and the inner surfaces of other holes are built tightly and are subjected to jointing by adopting a squeezing method, the joint filling and jointing of concealed brick joints at all parts are carried out layer by layer, the surface brick joints are usually finished in the same day and cannot be jointed on the next day, the jointed brick joint surfaces are not projected on the wall surface accurately, and the brick joint surfaces are leveled with the wall and are calendered. The brick joints in the vertical flue 15 are hooked along with the building, the maximum brick joints can not exceed 500mm, and the joints on the wall surface are completely hooked before each class; the slurry on the wall of the vertical flue is cleaned frequently, and the impurities are taken out after the inner wall of the vertical flue is cleaned thoroughly before the vertical flue is capped.
7. Filling materials with the same thickness are designed to be clamped when the coke oven is built, wherein the filling materials are processed according to the designed size in advance, and the thickness of the filling materials is less than 5 mm; when the expansion joint with the thickness of more than 5mm is built in the coke oven, an expansion joint sample plate is used. Firstly, placing the expansion joint on the expansion joint, then building bricks, after the template is drawn out, knocking the template of the expansion joint on the two sides of the expansion joint again, wherein the thickness of the template is 1mm smaller than the designed size of the width of the expansion joint, the width of the template is 10-20mm smaller than the thickness of a brick layer, and the length of the template is about 800mm, so that the surface of the masonry body forming the expansion joint is smooth; before the expansion joint is filled, the slurry and impurities in the expansion joint are cleaned by a dust collector or compressed air and can be filled after the inspection is qualified. The pressure of the compressed air is strictly controlled, and the slurry in the brick joints cannot be blown out; the thickness of the asphalt is 10-20mm, the upper surface of the asphalt is flush with the surface of the brick layer, and the asphalt dropped on the surfaces of other bricks is laid on the brick layer after being cleaned; the sawdust filling the expansion joint is dry and free of impurities and cannot be tamped when being filled; the expansion joint on the front surface of the furnace body is plugged and sealed by a refractory fiber rope dipped with slurry, and the depth reaches 15-20 mm. The expansion joints must be lined with sliding joint paper according to the construction drawing, the paper should cover the entire sliding surface and the lower expansion joint, and the paper is processed according to the specified width
8. The clear width of the coking chamber at the coke side of the coking chamber is not less than that of the coking chamber at the machine side.
9. When the large arch at the top of the furnace and the six-link arch at the bottom of the carbonization chamber are built, each carbonization chamber of the whole furnace is built synchronously in sections, and the locking bricks are driven in simultaneously.
10. When building a furnace wall, checking the flatness of the wall surface by using a 2m wood guiding rule at any time, and checking the perpendicularity of the wall surface by using a line plumb and the guiding rule frequently; the furnace wall bricks should be kept smooth, the surfaces of the furnace wall and the furnace bottom must not generate slab staggering in the direction reverse to the coke pushing direction, individual non-reverse slab staggering must not be larger than 1mm, and slab staggering is generally not performed between the upper layer and the lower layer of the wall of the carbonization chamber. And (4) paying attention to keep the elevation between the adjacent walls at any time, carrying out careful inspection and layer-by-layer adjustment when the upper furnace wall is built, and keeping the elevation of the top of the carbonization chamber wall consistent.
Compared with the prior art, the construction method for heat recovery coke oven masonry has the advantages of being capable of checking at any time and correcting deviation in time, effectively improving construction masonry quality, simple to operate, powerful in measures, small in equipment investment, low in cost, simple and practical, capable of effectively saving construction period and good in safety.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, all equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A heat recovery coke oven masonry construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. measuring and paying off, comprising the following steps:
(1) discharging a longitudinal center line of the coke oven, a front face line of the coke oven and a main wall center line of the coke oven on a bottom plate of the coke oven;
(2) introducing error control lines of a longitudinal center line, a front face line, a brick layer line and a front face line of the coke oven into the resistance wall;
b. the furnace bottom sintering common brick masonry comprises the following steps:
(1) the first layer is fully paved and sintered by common brick masonry, masonry is carried out according to the front surface line and the central line of each carbonization chamber, and leveling is carried out according to the brick layer line;
(2) the common bricks are sintered on the heat dissipation channel layer, the common bricks are laid on the hanging line after furnace heads on two sides of the machine coke are laid by removing stubbles according to the brick layer line of each layer of the common bricks, the central line of each carbonization chamber and the side line of the heat dissipation holes, and the size of the heat dissipation hole channel is required to be checked at any time during laying;
(3) after the uppermost layer is built and the common sintered bricks are fully laid, the elevation and the flatness of the top surface are checked, an elevation plane graph is drawn, and the allowable error of the elevation of the top surface needs to meet the design standard;
c. the sliding layer laying method comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) fully laying a layer of ceramic fiber blanket on the surface of a sintered common brick along the central line direction of a coke oven carbonization chamber by taking a coke oven front surface line as a boundary, and then laying a layer of galvanized iron sheet on the ceramic fiber blanket along the longitudinal central line of the coke oven, wherein the adjacent two iron sheets are overlapped by 5-10 mm; coating a layer of butter on the surface of the galvanized iron sheet, and paving a layer of petroleum asphalt paper on the surface of the butter along the central line direction of a coke oven carbonization chamber;
(2) laying the ceramic fiber blanket, the galvanized iron sheet and the petroleum asphalt paper sliding layer along with laying, and forbidding large-area pre-laying;
d. the coke oven bottom building method comprises the following steps:
(1) when each layer of the coke oven bottom is built, furnace end brick arrangement lines at two sides of machine coke of the carbonization chamber are carved on the built building body;
(2) when each layer of the coke oven bottom is built, firstly building a coke side furnace end brick of the machine, checking the furnace end by utilizing a front surface line error control line, and then hanging the line for building;
(3) the width size of each air duct needs to be checked at any time when the air duct layer is built;
(4) the bricks of the ventilation hole layer are firstly built with brick columns at both sides of the ventilation hole and then built with ventilation duct overhead brick columns; when the overhead brick row is built, the mortar is prevented from being squeezed into expansion joints on two sides, and after the overhead brick row is built, all vent holes are blocked by rubber plugs in order to prevent foreign matters from falling into the vent channels;
(5) horse dung paper is laid at the expansion joints on the two sides of the vent holes according to the specification, the horse dung paper is processed according to the specified width in advance, and the expansion joints are covered by petroleum asphalt paper sheets when a layer is built;
e. the method for building the combustion chamber comprises the following steps:
(1) the building sequence of the combustion chamber is as follows: the bottom of the combustion chamber → the main wall of the combustion chamber → the six-connected arch partition wall of the combustion chamber → the six-connected arch crown of the combustion chamber → the sealing walls at the two sides of the machine coke;
(2) when two layers of silica bricks at the bottom of the combustion chamber are built, furnace end brick arrangement lines at two sides of machine coke of the carbonization chamber are carved on the built masonry; when in building, the furnace end brick of the coke oven at the coke side of the machine is built firstly, the furnace end is checked by using a furnace end control line, and then the line is hung for building; firstly, building silica bricks at the position of a main wall; then dividing the masonry in the two main walls into a plurality of parts according to the expansion joints, constructing single-row bricks at intervals, constructing double-row bricks by using expansion joint plates, placing the expansion joint plates at the positions of the expansion joints, and then constructing bricks; the expansion joint plate moves along with the building, and mortar on the expansion joint plate is cleaned when necessary; after the expansion joint plate is drawn out, the brickworks on the two sides of the expansion joint are not required to be beaten;
(3) the position of a furnace end of the main wall of the combustion chamber is carved and marked on the surface of a brick layer at the bottom of the combustion chamber according to a main face line and the central line of the main wall of the carbonization chamber during brick laying, the position of the brick is aligned according to the carving mark during brick laying, the position of the furnace end of the main wall is built in order to prevent the furnace end from moving on a sliding layer, the furnace end is built with four layers of bricks at one time, the furnace shoulder and the position of the furnace end are aligned towards the inner step of the wall, the perpendicularity of the shoulder part and the head part of the furnace end is checked by using a plumb line and a guiding ruler, and the widths of the furnace wall and the combustion chamber, the widths of the furnace end main wall and the combustion chamber, the widths of the main face lines of the furnace end except the furnace shoulder and the flatness of the brick surfaces at two sides of the furnace end are checked by using a sample plate or the guiding ruler; then, drawing alignment lines from furnace ends on two sides for building, building a brick at the center of the alignment lines, stringing the bricks layer by layer, aligning the hanging lines at the upper corners of the bricks, and aligning the lower corners of the bricks according to the bricks at the lower layer; when the small arch of the gas circulation hole on the fourth layer of main wall is built, the X-shaped bars are used for supporting and building two sides, and then door-closing bricks are built;
(4) building the six-arch partition wall of the combustion chamber by firstly building furnace end bricks at two sides of the machine coke and serially connecting the furnace end bricks layer by layer according to a front surface line and the brick layer level lines at two sides of the main wall, and building a brick at the center of an alignment line; when the six-arch partition wall is built, the flatness and the verticality of the six-arch partition wall and the size of the interval between the six-arch partition walls are required to be checked at any time;
(5) the six-linked arch building is that each hole combustion chamber is built from the coke side to the machine side at the same time, so that the six-linked arch locking bricks are prevented from falling; processing a PE plate and petroleum asphalt paper at a six-arch expansion joint before building; during building, the main wall is built according to the marking line on the main wall, and the marking line is used as a building scale for marking lines of every five bricks so as to check and control brick joints; when in building, bricks on two sides are built first, and then the locking bricks are built at the same time; the flatness of the six-arch combined brick is checked along with the building by using a running rule, the top surface of the six-arch wall and the top of the combined brick is required to reach a certain flatness, so that dry discharge is required, the space between the partition brick walls and the mortar joints at two sides of the combined brick are strictly controlled, and joint pointing and cleaning are performed after the six-arch combined brick is built; cleaning expansion joints at two sides of the six-arch combined brick while building; after the six-arch top combined brick is built, cleaning the six-arch top once;
(6) the wall sealing building is carried out by taking a furnace end face line as a boundary, so that the perpendicularity is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the temperature measuring holes and the size of the expansion joint are controlled;
f. the construction of the carbonization chamber comprises the following steps:
(1) the masonry sequence is as follows: building the main wall of the carbonization chamber → building an arch center → building a large arch of the carbonization chamber → building a large arch of high-alumina bricks on both sides of machine coke of the carbonization chamber → building the bottom of the carbonization chamber;
(2) the construction mode of the main wall of the carbonization chamber is the same as that of the main wall of the combustion chamber;
(3) building an arch tire: the arch tyre consists of a moulding bed and moulding strips, the moulding bed is accurately manufactured according to the span and the arch height of the arch, the length of the carbonization chamber is reasonably distributed according to the length of the carbonization chamber to be used as the moulding strips, the thickness of the arch tyre is in accordance with the bearing requirement, the upper surface of the arch tyre is the same as the lower surface of the arch or the top in shape, a scaffold pipe is erected to be used as a support, and the scaffold must be firmly installed; placing the jig frame on double steel pipes on the adjustable support of the scaffold, nailing the tire strips on the jig frame to form an integral arch tire, and adjusting the adjustable support on the top of the scaffold by matching with a level gauge to enable the elevation position of the top surface of the arch tire to meet the requirement;
(4) the large arch masonry of the coking chamber needs to simultaneously masonry all coking chambers from the coke side to the machine side; marking the orientations of all holes of all main walls before building to prevent building errors during building; the arch or vault should be constructed in staggered joints during construction, and the arch and vault constructed in staggered joints should be constructed along the longitudinal joint bracing wire to keep the brick surface straight; the large arch and the arch crown must be symmetrically built from arch feet at two sides to the center, and the big end and the small end of the arch brick are strictly forbidden to be inverted; the radial seams of the arch and the vault are matched with the radial direction; the inner surfaces of arch bricks of the arch and the vault are required to be flat, and the staggered teeth of the arch bricks reach the standard; the locking bricks are symmetrically and uniformly distributed according to the center lines of the arch and the vault; standing for one night after the refractory masonry of each arch tube is built, and moving the scaffold and the arch tube integrally to the building position of the next arch tube by adjusting the adjustable support the next day;
(5) the large arches of the blast furnace bricks on the two sides of the machine coke are required to be independently manufactured into arch tires of a single tire frame due to the higher elevation position of the arch crown, the arch tires are erected and supported by scaffolds during the building of the large arches on the two sides of the machine coke, and the building of the large arches is consistent with the building of the large arches in a carbonization chamber; a notch is reserved at the position of the door closing brick of the single jig frame to close the door;
(6) the bottom of the carbonization chamber is built together with the bottom of the combustion chamber;
g. the construction of the furnace top of the carbonization chamber comprises the following steps:
(1) the main wall of the furnace top is built together with the main wall of the carbonization chamber;
(2) when the furnace top is built, the arch crown of the large arch must be symmetrically built from arch feet at two sides to the center at the same time, and the large arch is regarded as an arch center when the refractory brick of the furnace top is built; when the furnace top is built, a part of furnace ends and a part of refractory bricks on the furnace top are kept to be not built according to the requirements of a furnace, half-brick masonry is removed from each layer of high-alumina bricks on two sides of a large arch at the furnace end, and refractory bricks with fire observation hole row widths are kept in the furnace.
2. The heat recovery coke oven masonry construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the control line error is ± 1.
3. The heat recovery coke oven masonry construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the allowance error of the brick joints is minus 1-plus 2 mm.
4. The heat recovery coke oven masonry construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the straightness is controlled to within 3 mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the skewness of the arch blocks should not exceed 3 mm.
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