CN114956891A - Compound fertilizer prepared from activated ammonium phosphate slag and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound fertilizer prepared from activated ammonium phosphate slag and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114956891A CN114956891A CN202210551134.7A CN202210551134A CN114956891A CN 114956891 A CN114956891 A CN 114956891A CN 202210551134 A CN202210551134 A CN 202210551134A CN 114956891 A CN114956891 A CN 114956891A
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- ammonium phosphate
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium phosphates Chemical class [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 39
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 241000208822 Lactuca Species 0.000 description 18
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 102100020720 Calcium channel flower homolog Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 101000932468 Homo sapiens Calcium channel flower homolog Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000279 potassium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 244000046738 asparagus lettuce Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006705 asparagus lettuce Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 ammonium phosphate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012445 acidic reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a compound fertilizer prepared by activated ammonium phosphate slag and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of phosphate fertilizers, wherein the compound fertilizer comprises a coating layer and a fertilizer core, the coating layer consists of an inner bentonite layer and an outer lignite layer, and the fertilizer core comprises the following components: activated ammonium phosphate slag, potassium sulfate, urea, potassium chloride and ammonium sulfate. The compound fertilizer provided by the invention comprises a three-layer structure, after fertilization, outer-layer lignite is firstly decomposed to provide humic acid to meet the early-stage requirement, bentonite is coated as an inner layer, the disintegration time is longer, the later-stage release can be realized, the later-stage requirement of plants can be met, compared with the compound fertilizer obtained by conventional mixing treatment, the compound fertilizer with the same total nutrient content, which is obtained by the invention, has the advantages that the fertilizer efficiency is improved, the fertilizer efficiency can be kept for a long time, and other fertilizers required at the later stage can be coated inside an inner membrane of the bentonite.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phosphate fertilizers, in particular to a compound fertilizer prepared from activated ammonium phosphate slag and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the phosphate fertilizer industry of China, wet-process phosphoric acid is mostly adopted to produce ammonium phosphate compound fertilizer, and a large amount of ammonium phosphate slag waste is inevitably generated in the production process. According to the relevant data, the ammonium phosphate fertilizer factory produces three tons of ammonium phosphate slag for every ton of ammonium phosphate. The ammonium phosphate slag is in a dark gray swamp mud shape, is strongly acidic, becomes light gray powder after natural drying, has a quicksand characteristic, is difficult to agglomerate, has low viscosity, cannot directly and independently carry out product granulation and compound fertilizer production due to the characteristics, is not beneficial to fertilizer storage and transportation, and becomes a bottleneck of burden and product upgrading of many enterprises. The ammonium phosphate slag has rich nutrient components, and the nitrogen content is 3-8%; the phosphorus content is 30-45% (the water-soluble phosphorus only accounts for about 5%), the majority of the phosphorus is citrate soluble phosphorus, the phosphorus is not easy to be absorbed by crops, the fertilizer efficiency is slow, and the utilization rate is low. Therefore, how to increase the content of water-soluble phosphorus in the ammonium phosphate slag is a critical need for realizing the efficient utilization of the ammonium phosphate slag to become a phosphorus compound fertilizer production enterprise.
The phosphorite in China mainly comprises medium-low grade phosphorite, and the average grade is only about 18 percent and is far lower than the average level in the world. Therefore, the efficient utilization of the medium and low grade phosphate rock is enhanced, the utilization efficiency of the phosphate rock is improved, and the method has important significance for realizing the sustainable development of national agriculture. How to widen the application range of the ammonium phosphate slag, improve the comprehensive utilization of the ammonium phosphate slag, change waste into valuable, fundamentally solve the problem of industrial waste ammonium phosphate slag, recycle resources, reduce the resource waste and enable the ammonium phosphate slag to generate higher added value.
Activating the ammonium phosphate slag and then using the activated ammonium phosphate slag as a phosphate fertilizer is a good treatment idea, for example, patent CN201910598620.2 reports a method for improving the water solubility of phosphorus and magnesium in the ammonium phosphate slag, the method utilizes an acid reagent to carry out acidolysis, then adds urea to neutralize to form a compound fertilizer raw material containing acid urea, if a fertilizer product is to be produced, further processing is needed, and the fertilizer efficiency of the compound fertilizer obtained by conventional mixing treatment is lower than that of other compound fertilizers with the same total nutrient content; patent CN201610664630.8 reports a method for converting citrate soluble phosphorus into water soluble phosphorus, wherein ammonium phosphate residue slurry is treated by using sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and ammonium nitrate as activators, sulfuric acid and nitric acid are added to obtain mixed slurry, the cost of the activators and yeast stabilizers added in the process is increased, water soluble phosphorus slurry is obtained, and the subsequent utilization process is connected, so that the process is long, the process is complicated, more materials are added, and the method is not beneficial to industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a compound fertilizer prepared by activated ammonium phosphate slag and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems of long production process and unsatisfactory fertilizer efficiency in the process of producing a phosphate fertilizer by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag after the activation treatment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the compound fertilizer prepared from the activated ammonium phosphate slag comprises a coating layer and a fertilizer core, wherein the coating layer consists of an inner bentonite layer and an outer lignite layer, and the fertilizer core comprises the following components: activated ammonium phosphate slag, potassium sulfate, urea, potassium chloride and ammonium sulfate.
Preferably, the preparation process of the activated ammonium phosphate slag comprises the following steps: the ammonium phosphate slag and the acid activator are mixed evenly, stacked and cured for 1 to 3 days to obtain the activated ammonium phosphate slag which can convert citrate soluble phosphorus into water soluble phosphorus.
Further, the acidic activator is one or two of sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
Furthermore, the concentration of the acid activator is 40-70%, and the addition amount of the acid activator is 0.5-1.5 times of the total weight of the phosphorus pentoxide in the ammonium phosphate slag.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the activated ammonium phosphate slag to the potassium sulfate to the urea to the potassium chloride to the ammonium sulfate is 170:90:230:50:80, the mass ratio of the coating layer to the fertilizer core is 380: 620, and the mass ratio of the bentonite inner layer to the lignite outer layer is 80: 300.
Preferably, the content ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 13:6: 7.
The preparation method of the compound fertilizer prepared by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the activated ammonium phosphate slag and ammonium sulfate to form slurry, adding water to enable the specific gravity of the slurry to be 2.0:1, and carrying out reaction;
(2) adding ammonia gas into the slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 5-6;
(3) adding urea, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride into the slurry for granulation to form a granular material;
(4) drying the granular materials, then cooling and screening the granular materials with the grain diameter of 2-4mm, crushing the rest materials to be not more than 1.0mm, and re-granulating;
(5) coating the bentonite as an inner layer and the lignite as an outer layer to obtain the compound fertilizer.
Preferably, in the step (2), the pressure of the ammonia gas is controlled to be 0.4 to 0.8 MPa.
Preferably, the drying in step (4) is performed by using a dryer, wherein the temperature of the inlet gas of the dryer is 300-500 ℃, and the temperature of the outlet gas of the dryer is 60-90 ℃.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the compound fertilizer provided by the invention comprises a three-layer structure, after fertilization, outer-layer lignite is firstly decomposed to provide humic acid to meet the early-stage requirement, bentonite is coated as an inner layer, the disintegration time is longer, the later-stage release can be realized, the later-stage requirement of plants can be met, compared with the compound fertilizer obtained by conventional mixing treatment, the compound fertilizer with the same total nutrient content has the advantages that the fertilizer efficiency is improved, the fertilizer efficiency can be kept for a long time, and other fertilizers required at the later stage can be coated inside an inner membrane of the bentonite;
2. the compound fertilizer prepared by the invention adopts ammonia gas for pH adjustment, so that the nitrogen content is greatly improved, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are integrated, and other fertilizers are not required to be applied or are rarely applied;
3. the compound fertilizer provided by the invention is prepared by directly utilizing the activated ammonium phosphate slag activated by acid, and other fertilizer raw materials are directly added after the pH value of the compound fertilizer is adjusted by adopting ammonia gas, so that the fertilizer raw materials do not need to be prepared firstly, the activation process is simple and controllable, and the production process flow is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a bar graph comparing the effect of different treatments on the growth vigor of the rape in the early stage of growth;
FIG. 2 is a bar graph comparing the effect of different treatments on the distribution ratio of the length of the rape pod;
FIG. 3 is a histogram comparing the effect of different treatments on lettuce growth indicators in seedling stage;
FIG. 4 is a bar graph comparing the effect of different treatment periods on lettuce nutrients during harvest;
FIG. 5 is a comparison line graph of the effect of different nursing on the fresh weight of lettuce plants in the whole growth period;
fig. 6 is a bar graph comparing the effect of different treatments on lettuce yield during harvest.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings further illustrate the present invention, but should not be understood as the definition of the invention, and the technicians in this field according to the invention of the non-essential modification and adjustment, also considered to fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an ammonium phosphate slag activation treatment case, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) in a volume of 5m 3 2 tons of ammonium phosphate slag are added into the mixer, and 0.8 ton of dilute sulfuric acid (H) is sprayed in by an atomizing nozzle under the stirring state 2 SO 4 43%) and stirring for 20 min to mix the materials uniformly.
(2) Curing treatment: placing the mixed material obtained in the step (1) in an empty space for stacking and curing for 1 day.
(3) Crushing and packaging: crushing the material obtained in the step (2) to below 1mm by a crusher to obtain an activated ammonium phosphate slag product.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a production case for producing a fertilizer by using an activated ammonium phosphate slag product, and a production formula is prepared, wherein the activated ammonium phosphate slag (prepared in example 1), potassium sulfate, urea, potassium chloride, bentonite and lignite (dried), and the mass ratio of the ammonium sulfate is 170:90:230:50:80:300:80, and an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer product with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 13:6:7+ 20% OM is prepared, wherein the potassium sulfate, the urea, the potassium chloride, the bentonite, the lignite (dried) and the ammonium sulfate are all outsourced products.
The production flow is as follows:
(1) mixing the activated ammonium phosphate slag and ammonium sulfate in a reaction tank according to the mass ratio, uniformly mixing to form slurry by stirring, adding water to enable the specific gravity of the slurry to be 1.2:1, and reacting for 2 hours;
(2) the slurry is sent into a buffer tank by a pump for storage, and then is stably sent into a tubular reactor by the pump, liquid ammonia is converted into ammonia gas by an ammonia evaporator and enters the tubular reactor to neutralize the pH of the slurry to be 5-6, wherein the ammonia gas pressure is controlled to be 0.4 MPa;
(3) potassium sulfate, urea and potassium chloride prepared according to the mass ratio are put into a compound fertilizer dry powder feeding bin and are conveyed to a granulator to be mixed with the sprayed slurry of the tubular reactor for granulation;
(4) the material out of the granulator enters a dryer for drying, the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the dryer is controlled to be about 300 ℃, and the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the dryer is controlled to be about 60 ℃; then the materials are taken out of the dryer and cooled; then sieving the mixture until the particle size is 2-4 mm;
(5) putting the standby compound fertilizer granules into a coating machine, firstly adding bentonite for coating an inner layer, then adding lignite for coating an outer layer, and adding water accounting for 9% of the total material of the coating material and the water. Coating the compound fertilizer granules, drying, metering and packaging, warehousing finished products and the like to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer product with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 13:6:7+ 20% OM.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides another production case of producing fertilizer by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag product, and the preparation formula is prepared by preparing the activated ammonium phosphate slag (prepared in example 1), potassium sulfate, urea, potassium chloride, bentonite and lignite (dried), wherein the mass ratio of the ammonium sulfate is 170:90:230:50:80:300:80, and preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer product with the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content of 13:6:7+ 20% OM, wherein the potassium sulfate, the urea, the potassium chloride, the bentonite, the lignite (dried) and the ammonium sulfate are all outsourced products.
The production flow is as follows:
(1) mixing the activated ammonium phosphate slag and ammonium sulfate in a reaction tank according to the mass ratio, uniformly mixing to form slurry by stirring, adding water to ensure that the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.2:1, and reacting for 2 hours;
(2) the slurry is sent into a buffer tank by a pump for storage, and then is stably sent into a tubular reactor by the pump, liquid ammonia is converted into ammonia gas by an ammonia evaporator and enters the tubular reactor to neutralize the pH of the slurry to be 5-6, wherein the ammonia gas pressure is controlled to be 0.4 MPa;
(3) putting potassium sulfate, urea, potassium chloride, bentonite and lignite prepared according to the mass ratio from a compound fertilizer dry powder feeding bin, conveying the mixture to a granulator, and mixing the mixture with the sprayed slurry of the tubular reactor for granulation;
(4) the material out of the granulator enters a dryer for drying, the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the dryer is controlled to be about 300 ℃, and the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the dryer is controlled to be about 60 ℃; then the materials are taken out of the dryer and cooled; then sieving the mixture until the particle size is 2-4 mm;
(5) and drying, metering and packaging the standby compound fertilizer granules, warehousing the finished product and the like to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer product with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 13:6:7+ 20% OM.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides another production case for producing fertilizer by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag product, the production formula is prepared, the activated ammonium phosphate slag, potassium sulfate, urea, potassium chloride, bentonite and lignite (dried) are prepared, the mass ratio of the ammonium sulfate is 170:90:230:50:80:300:80, and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer product with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 13:6:7+ 20% OM is prepared, wherein the potassium sulfate, the urea, the potassium chloride, the bentonite, the lignite (dried) and the ammonium sulfate are outsourcing products;
the activation process of the ammonium phosphate slag comprises the following steps: 1. firstly, adding an aqueous solution containing 10kg of sulfuric acid and 20kg of nitric acid into 100kg of citric-dissolved-phosphorus-containing filter residue, mixing, then adding 1.0kg of an activating agent formed by mixing 5 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1 part of ammonium nitrate, and then carrying out an activation reaction for 2.0 hours at the temperature of 88 ℃ to obtain mixed slurry; 2. and (3) adding 10kg of yeast source organic raw materials into the mixed slurry obtained in the step (1), and uniformly mixing to obtain activated ammonium phosphate slag.
The production flow is as follows:
(1) mixing the activated ammonium phosphate slag obtained in the comparative example and ammonium sulfate in the mass ratio into a reaction tank, uniformly stirring and mixing to form slurry, adding water to enable the specific gravity of the slurry to be 1.2:1, and reacting for 2 hours;
(2) the slurry is sent into a buffer tank by a pump for storage, and then is stably sent into a tubular reactor by the pump, liquid ammonia is converted into ammonia gas by an ammonia evaporator and enters the tubular reactor to neutralize the pH of the slurry to be 5-6, wherein the ammonia gas pressure is controlled to be 0.4 MPa;
(3) potassium sulfate, urea and potassium chloride prepared according to the mass ratio are put into a compound fertilizer dry powder feeding bin and are conveyed to a granulator to be mixed with the sprayed slurry of the tubular reactor for granulation;
(4) the material discharged from the granulator enters a dryer for drying, the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the dryer is controlled to be about 300 ℃, and the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the dryer is controlled to be about 60 ℃; then the materials are taken out of the dryer and cooled; then sieving the mixture until the particle size is 2-4 mm;
(5) putting the standby compound fertilizer granules into a coating machine, firstly adding bentonite for coating an inner layer, then adding lignite for coating an outer layer, and adding water accounting for 9% of the total material of the coating material and the water. Coating the compound fertilizer granules, drying, metering and packaging, warehousing finished products and the like to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer product with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 13:6:7+ 20% OM.
In this case, the agronomic effect of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in example 2 was evaluated by using rape (Triton oil No. 5) as a test carrier in a field test mode (the soil type was yellow soil, and the basic physicochemical information was 16.95k/kg of organic matter with pH6.08, 106.8mg/kg of alkaline-hydrolyzed nitrogen, 95.2mg/kg of available phosphorus, and 109.5mg/kg of available potassium). The specific operation steps are as follows:
3 treatments are set in the test, namely, the compound fertilizer (13-6-7) prepared in the example 2 is used as a base fertilizer and is subjected to conventional fertilization, the compound fertilizer prepared in the comparative example 1 is used as a base fertilizer and is subjected to conventional fertilization, and the common compound fertilizer 22-9-9 with the total nutrient of 40 is used as a base fertilizer and is subjected to conventional fertilization, wherein each treatment is repeated for 3 times. Other water and fertilizer management and pest management are consistent with conventional management.
1. The effect of different treatments on the growth vigour of the rape in the early growth stage is shown in figure 1:
(1) in the early stage of growth, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (13-6-7) developed in example 2 is treated in such a way that the plant height and stem thickness are significantly higher than those of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer prepared in comparative example 1 and the common compound fertilizer 22-9-9 with the total nutrient of 40;
(2) the chlorophyll content of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (13-6-7) developed in example 2 treated at the early stage of growth was not significantly different from that of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer prepared in comparative example 1 and the conventional compound fertilizer 22-9-9 having a total nutrient of 40.
2. The basal impact of rape under different treatments is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 rape basic statistics table under different treatments
(1) The developed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (13-6-7) has no obvious difference in fertility characterization between the effective silique number, plant height, effective branch number and effective length of the main inflorescence and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with the same formula as the comparative example 1;
(2) the researched and developed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing 26 nutrients has no significant difference in effective pod number, plant height, effective branch number and effective length of the main flower in the main flower sequence compared with the common compound fertilizer containing 40 nutrients in effective pod number, plant height, effective branch number and effective length of the main flower in the main flower sequence.
3. The effect of different treatments on the distribution ratio of the length of the rape pod is shown in FIG. 2:
taking 50 rape pod lengths as test samples, and dividing the rape pod lengths into 5 grades according to the pod lengths, wherein the results show that the ratio of the pod lengths of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (13-6-7) self-developed in the example 2, which are larger than 7cm, is 19.0 percent, and the ratio of the pod lengths of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is far higher than that of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer prepared in the common compound fertilizer 22-9-9 and the comparative example 1 is 4.8 percent; example 2 the ratio of the processed siliques of less than or equal to 4cm in the self-developed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (13-6-7) is 23.8%, which is significantly higher than that of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of comparative example 1 by 7.1%; the ratio of the silique length more than 6 and less than or equal to 7 to 23.8 percent, the ratio of the silique length more than 5 and less than or equal to 6 to 21.4 percent, the ratio of the silique length more than 4 and less than or equal to 5 to 31.0 percent and the uniform silique length distribution ratio of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (13-6-7) researched and developed by the embodiment 2 are better than the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and the common compound fertilizer 22-9-9 prepared by the comparative example 1 in the aspect of the silique length of the rape.
The agronomic effect of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the example 2 is evaluated by adopting a field test mode and asparagus lettuce as a test carrier (the soil type is yellow soil, and the basic physicochemical information is that the pH value is 6.08, the organic matter is 16.95k/kg, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 106.8mg/kg, the available phosphorus is 95.2mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium is 109.5 mg/kg). The specific operation steps are as follows:
3 treatments are set in the test, namely, the compound fertilizer prepared in the example 1 is used as a base fertilizer and is subjected to conventional fertilization, the compound fertilizer prepared in the comparative example 1 is used as a base fertilizer and is subjected to conventional fertilization, and the common compound fertilizer 22-9-9 with the total nutrient of 40 is used as a base fertilizer and is subjected to conventional fertilization, wherein each treatment is repeated for 3 times. Other water and fertilizer management and pest management are consistent with conventional management.
1. The influence of different treatments on the growth indexes of lettuce in the seedling stage is shown in fig. 3:
(1) the leaf length and leaf area of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer developed in example 1 are slightly better than those of the common compound fertilizer 22-9-9 with the total nutrient of 40, but the leaf number and leaf width are slightly insufficient compared with those of the common compound fertilizer 22-9-9 with the total nutrient of 40, but no significant difference exists;
(2) the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer developed in example 1 is slightly superior to the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of comparative example 1 in leaf length, leaf width, leaf area and leaf number, and has no significant difference.
2. The effect of different treatment rooms on lettuce nutrients during harvest is shown in fig. 4:
(1) the nitrogen and potassium nutrient contents of the lettuce leaves treated by the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer developed in the example 1 are slightly lower than those of the lettuce treated by the fertilizer with 40 total nutrients, and slightly better than those of the lettuce treated by the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer developed in the comparative example 1; the phosphorus content is slightly lower than that of the asparagus lettuce treated by the common compound fertilizer 22-9-9 with the total nutrient of 40 and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer treated by the comparative example 1;
(2) the nitrogen phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents of the lettuce stalks treated by the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer developed in the example 1 are higher than those of the lettuce stalks treated by the common compound fertilizer 22-9-9 with the total nutrient of 40 and the lettuce stalks treated by the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer treated by the comparative example 1.
The agricultural effect of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in example 2 was evaluated by using the seaweeds as test carriers in a field test mode, (the soil type was yellow soil, and the basic physicochemical information was ph7.19, organic matter 26.90g/kg, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen 86.90mg/kg, available phosphorus 95.24mg/kg, available potassium 62.05mg/kg, and available s 131.68mg/kg.). The specific operation steps are as follows:
the experiment sets 2 treatments, namely T1, namely, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the example 2 is used as a base fertilizer and is subjected to conventional fertilization, and T2, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in the comparative example 2 is used as a base fertilizer and is subjected to conventional fertilization, and each treatment is repeated for 3 times. And other water and fertilizer management and pest and disease damage management are consistent with conventional management.
(1) The effect of different treatments on the fresh weight of lettuce plants throughout the growing period is shown in figure 5:
the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer developed in example 1 and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained in comparative example 2 have different effects on the fresh weight of lettuce plants in the whole growth period, but the difference is not obvious.
(2) The influence of different treatments on the agronomy index of lettuce in the whole growth period is shown in table 2:
table 2 influence of different treatments on agronomy index of asparagus lettuce during the whole growth period
The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer treatment developed in example 1 and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer treatment obtained in comparative example 2 differed in plant height and stem thickness of the lettuce, but the differences were not significant.
(3) The effect of different treatments on lettuce yield during harvest is shown in figure 6:
the yield of lettuce treated with the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer developed in example 1 was slightly lower than that of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer treated in comparative example 2, but the difference was not significant.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The compound fertilizer prepared from the activated ammonium phosphate slag is characterized by comprising a coating layer and a fertilizer core, wherein the coating layer consists of an inner bentonite layer and an outer lignite layer, and the fertilizer core comprises the following components: activated ammonium phosphate slag, potassium sulfate, urea, potassium chloride and ammonium sulfate.
2. The compound fertilizer prepared by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the activated ammonium phosphate slag comprises the following steps: the ammonium phosphate slag and the acid activator are mixed evenly, stacked and cured for 1 to 3 days to obtain the activated ammonium phosphate slag which can convert citrate soluble phosphorus into water soluble phosphorus.
3. The compound fertilizer prepared by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag as claimed in claim 2, wherein the acidic activating agent is one or both of sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
4. The compound fertilizer prepared by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag as claimed in claim 3, wherein the concentration of the acidic activator is 40-70%, and the addition amount of the acidic activator is 0.5-1.5 times of the total mass of the phosphorus pentoxide in the ammonium phosphate slag.
5. The compound fertilizer prepared by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the activated ammonium phosphate slag, the potassium sulfate, the urea, the potassium chloride and the ammonium sulfate is 170:90:230:50:80, the mass ratio of the coating layer and the fertilizer core is 380: 620, and the mass ratio of the inner layer of the bentonite and the outer layer of the lignite is 80: 300.
6. The compound fertilizer prepared by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 13:6: 7.
7. The method for preparing the compound fertilizer by using the activated ammonium phosphate slag as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) mixing the activated ammonium phosphate slag and ammonium sulfate to form slurry, adding water to enable the specific gravity of the slurry to be 2.0:1, and carrying out reaction;
(2) adding ammonia gas converted from liquid ammonia into the slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 5-6;
(3) adding urea, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride into the slurry for granulation to form a granular material;
(4) drying the granular materials, then cooling and screening the granular materials with the grain diameter of 2-4mm, crushing the rest materials to be not more than 1.0mm, and re-granulating;
(5) coating the bentonite as an inner layer and the lignite as an outer layer to obtain the compound fertilizer.
8. The method for preparing a composite fertilizer using activated ammonium phosphate slag as claimed in claim 7, wherein the pressure of ammonia gas in the step (2) is controlled to be 0.4-0.8 Mpa.
9. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer using activated ammonium phosphate slag as claimed in claim 7, wherein the drying in step (4) is performed by a dryer, the temperature of the inlet gas of the dryer is 300-500 ℃, and the temperature of the outlet gas of the dryer is 60-90 ℃.
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| CN103044146A (en) * | 2013-01-12 | 2013-04-17 | 重庆润绿生物有机肥有限公司 | Complex control type long-acting controlled-release organic and inorganic biological fertilizer |
| CN107746300A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-03-02 | 龙蟒大地农业有限公司 | A kind of ammonium two-nutrient compound fertilizer of sulphur phosphorus two and the method using the ammonium two-nutrient compound fertilizer of phosphorus ammonium by-product production sulphur phosphorus two |
| CN112645762A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-13 | 广东拉多美化肥有限公司 | Special fertilizer for sugarcane and preparation method thereof |
| CN113880654A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-04 | 眉山市新都化工复合肥有限公司 | Granulating process and equipment for water-soluble compound fertilizer |
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| CN103044146A (en) * | 2013-01-12 | 2013-04-17 | 重庆润绿生物有机肥有限公司 | Complex control type long-acting controlled-release organic and inorganic biological fertilizer |
| CN107746300A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-03-02 | 龙蟒大地农业有限公司 | A kind of ammonium two-nutrient compound fertilizer of sulphur phosphorus two and the method using the ammonium two-nutrient compound fertilizer of phosphorus ammonium by-product production sulphur phosphorus two |
| CN112645762A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-13 | 广东拉多美化肥有限公司 | Special fertilizer for sugarcane and preparation method thereof |
| CN113880654A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-04 | 眉山市新都化工复合肥有限公司 | Granulating process and equipment for water-soluble compound fertilizer |
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