CN114953097A - Preparation method of test piece for mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test - Google Patents
Preparation method of test piece for mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test Download PDFInfo
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- CN114953097A CN114953097A CN202210567128.0A CN202210567128A CN114953097A CN 114953097 A CN114953097 A CN 114953097A CN 202210567128 A CN202210567128 A CN 202210567128A CN 114953097 A CN114953097 A CN 114953097A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/008—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material made from two or more materials having different characteristics or properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test piece preparation method for a mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test, and belongs to the technical field of maintenance test piece preparation. The method is applied to the preparation of test pieces for carrying out cementation tests on tailings by using aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria. The method comprises the following steps: respectively and fully mixing aerobic bacteria liquid, facultative anaerobic bacteria liquid and tailings; cutting off the top end of the syringe, and removing the internal black rubber plug; filling the facultative anaerobic mixed tailing into an injector, then placing the injector into the center of a steel mold, filling aerobic mixed tailing around the injector, pressing the tailing in the injector into the steel mold, and compacting and molding; wrapping the test piece, and soaking and maintaining. Different types of microorganisms are used in different parts of a test piece in a microorganism MICP (microbial encapsulation process) effect strengthening tailing test, the influence caused by direct mixing of the two microorganisms is reduced, and the problems that the generation amount of calcium carbonate in the test piece formed by independently using aerobic bacteria to strengthen the tailing is less and the internal strength of the test piece is low are solved by using facultative anaerobes.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of maintenance test piece preparation, and particularly relates to a test piece preparation method for a mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test.
Background art:
the microorganism induced calcium carbonate precipitation technology (MICP technology) is developed rapidly by depending on the advantages of environmental protection, high efficiency and the like, and the MICP technology of microorganisms plays an important role in the fields of engineering building materials and ecological environmental protection from the beginning of finding that specific microorganisms have the effect of inducing calcium carbonate precipitation to carry out indoor experiments for screening microorganisms capable of carrying out the MICP technology and then to the application of the microorganism MICP technology in a large construction site. The MICP technology based on the hydrolysis of the pasteurella and the urea is most widely applied, the principle is that the pasteurella decomposes the urea to generate ammonia and carbon dioxide, the ammonia is combined with water to increase the pH value of the environment, the carbon dioxide is combined with calcium ions in the environment under an alkaline condition to finally generate calcium carbonate and precipitate, and the reaction equation is as follows:
CO(NH 2 ) 2 +H 2 O→CO 2 +2NH 3
CO 2 +H 2 O→H 2 CO 3
Ca 2+ +Cell→Cell-Ca 2+
however, in the immersion curing, since the inside of the test piece is in an anoxic or anaerobic environment, and the pasteurella hardly undergoes urea hydrolysis to generate a large amount of calcium carbonate, the researchers have conducted extensive studies on the action of MICP based on the denitrification of facultative anaerobes (denitrifying casseiniella), and the reaction equation is as follows:
CO 2 +H 2 O→H 2 CO 3
however, the MICP technology using the denitrification of facultative anaerobes alone has a low content of calcium carbonate and a slow rate of formation during immersion curing, and in immersion curing, the facultative anaerobes do not perform denitrification and generate calcium carbonate under an external aerobic environment, and the ability of reinforcing tailings is lost. Therefore, when the tailing is reinforced by using the microbial MICP technology under the soaking and maintaining conditions, the tailing mixed with aerobic bacteria at the outer part and the facultative anaerobic bacteria at the inner part need to be prepared, and the tailing test piece is ensured not to be loosened and lost in the soaking process.
In recent years, the MICP technology of microorganisms is mostly used for repairing cementation and cracks of building materials, and with the progress of research, students find that the MICP technology of microorganisms can consolidate heavy metals in soil environment while inducing the generation of carbonate precipitates, so that the MICP technology cannot diffuse in a large range and pollute the soil environment. The induction of mineralization by microorganisms is a phenomenon commonly occurring in nature, and many microorganisms have this ability. Therefore, the tailing is reinforced by the MICP technology of the microorganisms, so that the strength of the tailing filling body can be improved, some heavy metal ions in the tailing can be fixed, and the tailing is an environment-friendly cementing material. However, when the technology is extended to the application of filling underground goafs, the underground goafs are in an anoxic or anaerobic environment, so that the tailing reinforcement test under the combined action of aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria is very important.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a test piece preparation method for a mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test, aiming at the problem that in the prior art, during soaking maintenance, the generation amount of calcium carbonate is less due to internal oxygen deficiency. A tailing reinforcing effect test of using aerobic bacteria alone is improved by utilizing the MICP technology of facultative anaerobes, the interior of the tailing is accurately changed into the tailing mixed with the facultative anaerobes, and a tailing test piece with the facultative anaerobes in the interior and the aerobic bacteria in the exterior is obtained.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a test piece for a mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test comprises the following steps:
s1, fully mixing the aerobic bacteria liquid with the tailings to obtain aerobic mixed tailings; fully mixing facultative anaerobic bacteria liquid with tailings to obtain facultative anaerobic mixed tailings; wherein:
s2, selecting an injector with a required inner diameter according to the using amount of the facultative anaerobic mixed tailings, cutting the top end of the injector to obtain an open top end 1, removing a black rubber plug at the top end of a push rod 3 of the injector, polishing the top end of the push rod to obtain a flat push head 2, and obtaining a modified injector;
s3, filling the facultative anaerobic mixed tailing sand into an injector, compacting, longitudinally placing the injector into the center of a steel mold, tightly attaching the open top end to the bottom of the steel mold, filling aerobic mixed tailing sand into a gap between the side wall of the injector and the steel mold, compacting, slowly pressing the facultative anaerobic mixed tailing sand in the injector into the steel mold to finish core replacement, compacting and forming to obtain a tailing sand test piece, wherein the volume ratio of the facultative anaerobic mixed tailing sand to the aerobic mixed tailing sand is (0.3-1): 1;
s4, wrapping the lateral sides of the tailing test piece by using geotextile;
s5, applying lateral restraint to the wrapped test piece by using a die, and wrapping the top and the bottom of the test piece by using geotextile to obtain a wrapped test piece;
and S6, placing the wrapped test piece into a curing box for soaking and curing, and drying to obtain a cured test piece.
In the step S1, aerobic bacteriaThe liquid is Bacillus pasteurianus liquid with OD concentration 600 Value characterization, OD of bacterial liquid 600 The value is 0.4-2.0, and the tailing is mixed with 70-85% of the tailing according to the solid mass ratio; the facultative anaerobe is denitrifying cassylancia denitrificans bacterial liquid, and the concentration of the facultative anaerobe is OD 600 Value characterization, OD of bacterial liquid 600 The value is 0.2-1.2, and the tailing is mixed with 70-85% of the tailing according to the solid mass ratio.
In the step S1, it is preferable that the facultative anaerobic bacterium liquid OD is 600 Value of 1.0-1.2, aerobic bacteria liquid OD 600 The value is 1.6-2.0.
In step S1, the aerobic bacteria and the facultative anaerobic bacteria are mixed with the tailings respectively, and only one microorganism acts at each position when different tailings are loaded into different positions of the test piece, so that the two microorganisms are prevented from affecting each other. In addition, in the soaking maintenance, the nutrient substances permeated by each part are certain, and two microorganisms exist at the same time and one position, so that the nutrient substances are competitive, the living space is limited, and the growth and the reproduction of the microorganisms are limited. If the two microorganisms are mixed by adopting a direct mixing method in the test, the facultative anaerobe outside the test piece can not play a role in generating calcium carbonate, and the aerobic bacteria inside the test piece can not play a role in generating calcium carbonate, so that only half of the microorganisms under a certain concentration play a role, and the waste of bacteria liquid can be caused.
In the step S2, the selection of injectors with different inner diameters may be determined according to the test requirements, so as to replace the inside of the test piece with facultative anaerobe tailings with different inner diameters, and ensure that the replaced part is a cylinder. After the rubber plug on the push rod of the syringe is removed, the top end of the push rod can be attached to the inside of the syringe, and the tail sand is pushed more thoroughly.
In step S3, the compaction degree of the facultative anaerobic mixed tailings is the same as that of the aerobic mixed tailings, and the heights of the facultative anaerobic mixed tailings and the aerobic mixed tailings in the tailings specimen are the same.
In step S3, the injector filled with the tailings mixed with the facultative anaerobes is placed in a steel mold, so as to ensure that the inside of the replaced test piece is exactly at the center of the whole test piece according to the position of the injector. When the injection syringe is used for storing the tailings mixed with the facultative anaerobe, the tailings at the center can not collapse and move when the tailings mixed with the aerobic bacteria are filled around, after the steel mold is filled with the tailings, the tailings in the injection syringe are pressed into the steel mold, and then the test piece is compacted, so that the position movement of two different tailings can be reduced.
In the step S4, the geotextile is used to wrap the side wall of the test piece, so that the tailing particles do not flow into the cementing solution, and the material exchange between the tailing test piece and the cementing solution is not affected.
In the step S5, the mold for 3D printing mainly functions to apply a lateral constraint to the tailings specimen to prevent the tailings specimen from being gradually softened and deformed during the soaking and curing process and finally scattered in the cementing solution. In order to ensure that the 3D printing mold can keep the permeability of the solution as far as possible under the condition of applying lateral constraint, the small holes are equidistantly separated from the side wall of the mold, and the top end and the bottom end of the test piece can be not sealed because the test piece is horizontally placed in the soaking curing box.
In step S5, the mold is a 3D printing mold.
In the step S6, soaking and curing are carried out in a cementing solution, the curing temperature is 20-40 ℃, the curing time is 7-90d, the uniaxial compressive strength of the cured test piece is 1.4-2.1MPa, the direct shear strength is 1.6-2.2MPa, the content of internal calcium carbonate is 6.6-9.2%, the content of external calcium carbonate is 8.2-10.0%, and the normal stress adopted by the measurement of the direct shear strength is 0.50 MPa.
In the step S6, it is preferable that the curing temperature is 30 ℃, the curing time is 80-90d, the uniaxial compressive strength of the cured test piece is 1.8-2.1MPa, the direct shear strength is 1.9-2.2MPa, the internal calcium carbonate content is 8.2-9.2%, and the external calcium carbonate content is 8.9-10.0%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the test piece prepared in the tailing reinforcement test of the mixed strain MICP technology can completely separate aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria; the inner parts of test pieces with different diameters can be replaced according to the test requirements; the inner part of the replaced test piece can be ensured to be at the center of the whole test piece; the method can ensure that the tailings test piece can not only perform material exchange with the cementing solution in the soaking and curing process, but also ensure that the tailings particles cannot flow into the cementing solution and the test piece cannot be damaged in the soaking and curing process.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a modified syringe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preparation process of a mixed bacteria test piece according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing mold according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein:
1-open top end, 2-smooth pushing head, 3-injector push rod; a-aerobic mixed tailings, B-facultative anaerobic mixed tailings and C-steel dies.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The following examples employ:
the aerobic bacteria are bacillus pasteurii, and the facultative anaerobes are denitrifying cassylancia catarrhalis.
The syringe wall thickness is 1mm, and the internal diameter is 30 mm.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a preparation method of a test piece for a mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test, which comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively and fully mixing aerobic bacteria liquid, facultative anaerobic bacteria liquid and tailings according to a certain proportion;
according to the test requirements, aerobic bacteria liquid and facultative anaerobic bacteria liquid with certain concentrations are respectively prepared, mixed with tailings in different beakers according to a certain proportion, and fully stirred. Specifically, aerobic bacterial liquid OD 600 The value is 0.4-2.0, and the tailing is mixed with 70-85% of the solid mass ratio to obtain aerobic mixed tailing A; facultative anaerobe liquid OD 600 The value is 0.2-1.2, and the facultative anaerobic mixed tailing is mixed with tailing according to the solid mass ratio of 70-85 percent to obtain facultative anaerobic mixed tailing B, and the volume ratio of the facultative anaerobic mixed tailing to the aerobic mixed tailing is (0.3-1): 1;
s2, selecting an injector with the required inner diameter, cutting off the top end of the injector, and removing a black rubber plug in the injector;
according to the test requirements, the diameter of the interior of a test piece to be replaced is determined, an injector with the inner diameter the same as the inner diameter of the test piece to be replaced is selected, the top end of the injector is cut off flatly to obtain an open top end 1, a black rubber plug at the top end of a push rod 3 of the injector is removed, the top end of the push rod is polished flatly to obtain a flat push head 2, the top end of the injector starts to measure towards the tail end, the size is marked on the exterior of the injector, the height position of the interior of the test piece to be replaced is marked, and the modified injector is obtained, and the structural schematic diagram is shown in fig. 1.
The selection of the injector needs to have the inner diameter which is the same as the inner diameter of the test piece to be replaced, and the wall thickness of the selected injector needs to be as small as possible, so that when the tailings in the injector are pushed into a steel die C, an overlarge space cannot exist between the two tailings, and the delamination and the movement of the tailings position cannot occur after the tailings are compacted.
S3, filling the facultative anaerobic mixed tailing B into an injector, putting the injector into the center of a steel mold, filling the aerobic mixed tailing A around the injector, slowly pressing the tailing in the injector into the steel mold, replacing cores, and compacting and molding;
the inside radius of the test piece that needs the replacement is annotated to the outside by the center in steel mould bottom, will fill with facultative anaerobism and mix in the syringe of tailing B puts into the steel mould, the syringe edge aligns with the size line of marking in the steel mould, guarantees the inside center that is in whole test piece of replacement. And slowly filling the aerobic mixed tailing A into a steel mold, gradually compacting the aerobic mixed tailing A in the filling process, pressing a push rod of the injector after the aerobic mixed tailing A is filled, and pushing the tailing in the injector into the steel mold and compacting. The schematic diagram of the preparation process of the mixed bacteria test piece is shown in FIG. 2.
S4, wrapping the tailing test piece by using the cut geotextile;
selecting geotextile with the thickness of 1mm and uniform texture, cutting the geotextile into a proper rectangle according to the height of the test piece and the perimeter of the bottom surface, taking out the compacted tailing test piece, and reporting the side wall of the geotextile.
S5, applying lateral restraint to the wrapped test piece by using a 3D printing mold, and wrapping the top and the bottom of the test piece by using geotextile;
use the 3D printer to print out diameter 52mm, thickness is 1 mm's mould, select for use comparatively hard PLA material to open at the lateral wall equidistance and fill up the aperture that the diameter is 5mm, the head-bottom portion is left empty. To facilitate assembly and disassembly, the mold is divided into two symmetrical parts, as shown in fig. 3. And clamping the wrapped tailing test piece by using a 3D printing mold, applying lateral restraint by using a rubber band, and wrapping the top and the bottom of the test piece by using geotextile with a proper size.
S6, placing the prepared test pieces into a curing box for soaking and curing, wherein the soaking and curing are carried out in a cementing solution, the curing temperature is 20-40 ℃, the curing time is 7-90d, after taking out and drying, the uniaxial compressive strength, the direct shear strength and the calcium carbonate content of each part are measured, the normal stress is 0.50MPa when the direct shear strength is measured, and 5 test pieces are selected for each group of test pieces to carry out the same test and take the average value; finally, the uniaxial compressive strength of the cured test piece is 0.87-1.89MPa, the direct shear strength is 0.95-1.93MPa, the content of internal calcium carbonate is 4.8-8.6 percent, and the content of external calcium carbonate is 5.6-9.5 percent.
Examples 1 to 5
Mixing aerobic bacteria liquid with tailings according to the solid mass ratio of 75%; mixing facultative anaerobe bacteria liquid with tailings according to the solid mass ratio of 75%; the difference is that aerobic bacteria liquid OD 600 Value and facultative anaerobe liquid OD 600 The values are different and are detailed in table 1, and the obtained performance data of the test piece after maintenance are detailed in table 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the time after curing is finally obtained by directly mixing facultative anaerobic tailings and aerobic tailings without the injector.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 2 is that the facultative anaerobic tailings and the aerobic tailings are mixed directly without the injector, and the post-curing time is finally obtained.
The raw material parameters used in the above examples, the uniaxial compressive strength, the direct shear strength and the calcium carbonate content of each part of the test piece are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in the table, compared with the conventional bacteria mixing mode, the bacteria mixing mode disclosed by the invention can realize the great improvement of the test piece maintaining performance by combining specific bacteria liquid parameters and maintaining conditions; meanwhile, the calcium carbonate content inside and outside the test piece is obviously improved, and the inside and outside distribution is more uniform.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the materials and molds used herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the experimental and operational features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a test piece for a mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fully mixing the aerobic bacteria liquid with the tailings to obtain aerobic mixed tailings; fully mixing facultative anaerobic bacteria liquid with tailings to obtain facultative anaerobic mixed tailings;
s2, selecting an injector with a required inner diameter according to the using amount of the facultative anaerobic mixed tailings, cutting the top end of the injector to obtain an open top end, removing a black rubber plug at the top end of a push rod of the injector, polishing the top end of the push rod to obtain a flat push head, and obtaining a modified injector;
s3, filling the facultative anaerobic mixed tailings into an injector, compacting, longitudinally placing the injector into the center of a steel die, enabling the open top end to be tightly attached to the bottom of the steel die, filling aerobic mixed tailings into a gap between the side wall of the injector and the steel die, compacting, slowly pressing the facultative anaerobic mixed tailings into the steel die, compacting and forming to obtain a tailings test piece, wherein the volume ratio of the facultative anaerobic mixed tailings to the aerobic mixed tailings is (0.3-1): 1;
s4, wrapping the lateral sides of the tailing test piece;
s5, applying lateral restraint to the wrapped test piece by using a die, and wrapping the top and the bottom of the test piece to obtain a wrapped test piece;
and S6, soaking and curing the wrapped test piece, and drying to obtain the test piece for the mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking and curing test.
2. The method for preparing a test piece for the mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the aerobic bacteria liquid is a Bacillus pasteurianus liquid, and the bacteria liquid OD 600 The value is 0.4-2.0, and the tailing is mixed with 70-85% of the tailing according to the solid mass ratio; the facultative anaerobe is denitrifying cassylancia bacteria liquid, and the bacteria liquid OD 600 The value is 0.2-1.2, and the tailing is mixed with 70-85% of the tailing according to the solid mass ratio.
3. The method for preparing a test piece for the mixed strain MICP reinforcement tailing soaking maintenance test according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the facultative anaerobe liquid OD is prepared 600 Value of 1.0-1.2, aerobic bacteria liquid OD 600 The value is 1.6-2.0.
4. The method for preparing a test piece for the mixed strain MICP strengthening tailing soaking maintenance test according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the mold is a 3D printing mold.
5. The method for preparing a test piece for the mixed strain MICP strengthening tailing soaking curing test according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the soaking curing is carried out in a cementing solution, the curing temperature is 20-40 ℃, and the curing time is 7-90 d.
6. The method for preparing a test piece for the soaking maintenance test of the mixed-strain MICP reinforced tailings, according to the claim 1, is characterized in that in the step S6, the uniaxial compressive strength of the test piece is 1.4-2.1MPa, the direct shear strength is 1.6-2.2MPa, the content of the internal calcium carbonate is 6.6-9.2%, the content of the external calcium carbonate is 8.2-10.0%, and the normal stress used for measuring the direct shear strength is 0.50 MPa.
7. The method for preparing a test piece for the soaking curing test of the mixed-strain MICP reinforced tailings, according to claim 6, wherein in the step S6, the curing temperature is 30 ℃, the curing time is 80-90d, the uniaxial compressive strength of the cured test piece is 1.8-2.1MPa, the direct shear strength is 1.9-2.2MPa, the content of internal calcium carbonate is 8.2-9.2%, and the content of external calcium carbonate is 8.9-10.0%.
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