CN114951606A - Vacuum suspension casting equipment and process - Google Patents
Vacuum suspension casting equipment and process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114951606A CN114951606A CN202210642126.3A CN202210642126A CN114951606A CN 114951606 A CN114951606 A CN 114951606A CN 202210642126 A CN202210642126 A CN 202210642126A CN 114951606 A CN114951606 A CN 114951606A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- negative pressure
- pressure
- casting
- vacuum
- pressurizing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003027 ear inner Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses vacuum suspension casting equipment and a process, comprising a holding furnace; aluminum liquid is arranged in a pressurizing chamber of the holding furnace; the holding furnace is also connected with a suspension casting component; a casting mould is arranged in the negative pressure chamber, and the negative pressure chamber is arranged on the bottom bedplate; the negative pressure chamber is arranged above the heat preservation furnace; the casting mould is communicated with the pressure chamber through the suction casting channel; the negative pressure chamber is also connected with a vacuum adjusting assembly and a pressure adjusting assembly; the casting mould comprises a bottom mould, an upper mould and a three-edge mould; a V-shaped exhaust groove is formed in the contact surface of the side die with the bottom die and the upper die; and the bottom die, the upper die and the three-side die are closed to form a cavity. According to the invention, the vacuum casting process is designed to vacuumize the cavity, so that negative pressure is generated in the cavity, molten metal is stably filled in the cavity, and oxidation slag inclusion and molten aluminum splashing are reduced; the defect of casting pores can be effectively reduced; therefore, the filling capacity is strong, and the rim can be well fed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to vacuum suspension casting equipment and a vacuum suspension casting process.
Background
In the process of producing the aluminum alloy wheel by using the existing casting process, the average rejection rate of casting pores is high; in addition, in the production process, the filling of the aluminum liquid in the cavity is not stable, and the phenomenon of air entrainment is easy to occur, so that the oxidation slag inclusion and the aluminum liquid splashing are caused.
The vacuum casting process is designed for solving the problems, a casting mold is vacuumized by a vacuum pump, so that negative pressure is formed in a cavity, molten metal is stably filled in the cavity, an air entrainment phenomenon is avoided, oxidation slag inclusion and aluminum liquid splashing are reduced, solidification of the molten metal is realized under a vacuum condition, gas separated out in the solidification process is easy to float upwards and escape outwards, air holes are not easily formed in the casting, and the air hole defect of the casting can be effectively reduced; and meanwhile, the back pressure of the cavity is small during mold filling, so that the mold filling capacity is strong, and a better feeding effect can be achieved on the rim.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide vacuum suspension casting equipment and a vacuum suspension casting process so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides vacuum suspension casting equipment, which comprises a heat preservation furnace; aluminum liquid is arranged in a pressurizing chamber of the heat preservation furnace; the heat preservation furnace is also connected with a suspension casting assembly;
a negative pressure chamber; a casting mold is arranged in the negative pressure chamber, and the negative pressure chamber is arranged on the bottom bedplate; the negative pressure chamber is arranged above the heat preservation furnace; the casting mold is communicated with the pressurizing chamber through a suction casting channel; the negative pressure chamber is also connected with a vacuum adjusting assembly and a pressure adjusting assembly;
the casting mould comprises a bottom mould, an upper mould and a three-edge mould; a V-shaped exhaust groove is formed in the contact surface of the side die with the bottom die and the upper die; and a cavity is formed after the bottom die, the upper die and the three-side die are closed.
The top of the heat preservation furnace is covered with a heat preservation furnace cover, and the center of the heat preservation furnace cover is provided with a through groove for installing the suction casting channel; the aluminum liquid in the pressurizing chamber is in a molten state;
the suspension casting assembly comprises a pressurizing pump and a pressurizing electromagnetic valve; the pressurizing pump and the pressurizing solenoid valve are respectively communicated with the pressurizing chamber through pressurizing pipelines.
The suction casting channel comprises a liquid lifting pipe and a liquid suction pipe; one end of the liquid lifting pipe is inserted into the aluminum liquid and arranged close to the bottom of the pressurizing chamber; the other end of the liquid lifting pipe penetrates through the through groove and is communicated with one end of the liquid suction pipe; the pipette penetrates through the bottom plate and extends into the cavity; a reinforced support is arranged at the communication position of the liquid lifting pipe and the liquid suction pipe; and two ends of the reinforcing support are respectively abutted against the through groove and the bottom bedplate.
The casting mould also comprises a side mould sealing cover and an upper mould sealing cover; the side die sealing covers are three, and second spaces are formed between the side die sealing covers and the side walls of the three side dies respectively; two ends of each side die sealing cover are respectively connected with the upper die and the bottom die in a sealing manner through high-temperature-resistant sealing rings;
the upper die sealing cover is arranged above the upper die and forms a first space; the upper die sealing cover is connected with the upper die in a sealing manner through the high-temperature-resistant sealing ring; the second space and the first space are both in communication with the negative pressure chamber.
The v-shaped exhaust groove comprises a first suction groove, a second suction groove and a third suction groove; the cavity is communicated with the first space through the first suction groove formed in the central ejector rod;
the second suction groove is formed on the assembling surface of the side die and the bottom die; the third suction groove is formed on the assembling surface of the side die and the upper die; the second suction groove and the third suction groove are both arranged on the side die and are radially distributed along the center; the cavity is communicated with the second space through a second suction groove and a third suction groove.
The vacuum regulating assembly comprises a vacuum pump and a throttle valve; the vacuum pump is communicated with the negative pressure chamber through a negative pressure pipeline, and the throttle valve is installed at the output end of the vacuum pump.
The pressure regulating assembly comprises a negative pressure electromagnetic valve, the negative pressure electromagnetic valve is connected with the vacuum regulating assembly in parallel and communicated with the negative pressure chamber through a negative pressure pipeline.
A vacuum suspension casting process comprises the following steps:
lifting liquid; adjusting the standard atmospheric pressure to be 0, closing the casting mold, closing the negative pressure electromagnetic valve, opening the pressurizing electromagnetic valve, starting the vacuum pump, reducing the pressure in the negative pressure chamber by controlling the opening of the throttle valve, pumping out the gas in the riser tube, the pipette and the cavity along the first suction groove, the second suction groove and the third suction groove through the first space and the second space, wherein the pressure of the holding furnace is 0 at the moment, and the aluminum liquid in the holding furnace reaches the highest point of the bottom mold through the riser tube and the pipette under the action of negative pressure;
filling; the pressure in the negative pressure chamber is changed by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve, and the aluminum liquid is filled under the action of negative pressure until the cavity is filled with the aluminum liquid;
pressurizing; the pressurizing electromagnetic valve is closed, the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber is kept unchanged, and the pressurizing chamber is pressurized by the pressurizing pump until reaching the pressure maintaining pressure;
maintaining the pressure; the pressure maintaining pressure of the pressure chamber is kept unchanged, when the outer surface of the inner ear edge is solidified, the vacuum pump is closed, and the negative pressure electromagnetic valve is opened;
pressure relief; and after the pressure maintaining is finished, the pressurizing pump is closed, the pressurizing electromagnetic valve is opened, the mold is opened after the pressure is released to the suspension pressure, and the mold is closed after the mold is taken out.
The pressure maintaining pressure is continued until the aluminum liquid in the cavity is completely solidified; and after the outer edge surface of the inner ear edge is solidified, closing the vacuum pump, and opening the negative pressure electromagnetic valve to adjust to the standard atmospheric pressure.
The invention discloses the following technical effects: the invention vacuumizes the cavity by designing a vacuum casting process, so that the cavity is under negative pressure, molten metal is stably filled in the cavity without air entrainment, oxidation slag inclusion and aluminum liquid splashing are reduced, the solidification of the molten metal is realized under the vacuum condition, gas separated out in the solidification process is easy to float upwards and escape outwards, air holes are not easily formed in the casting, and the defect of casting air holes can be effectively reduced; and meanwhile, the back pressure of the cavity is small during mold filling, so that the mold filling capacity is strong, and a better feeding effect can be achieved on the rim.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the overall structure;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a V-shaped vent groove;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a vacuum casting press process;
wherein, 1, a holding furnace; 2. aluminum liquid; 3. a riser tube; 4. a heat preservation furnace cover; 5. a pipette; 6. a bottom platen; 7. bottom die; 8. sealing covers of the side forms; 9. side molding; 10. an upper die; 11. an upper mold sealing cover; 12. a sealing cover; 13. a cavity; 14. a central ejector rod; 15. a first suction groove; 16. a second suction groove; 17. a high temperature resistant seal ring; 18. a third suction groove; 19. a negative pressure chamber; 20. a pressurized chamber; 21. a pressure pump; 22. a pressurizing solenoid valve; 23. a negative pressure solenoid valve; 24. a vacuum pump; 25. a throttle valve; 100. a first space; 200. a second space.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides a vacuum suspension casting device, which comprises
1, a holding furnace; aluminum liquid 2 is arranged in a pressurizing chamber 20 of the holding furnace 1; the holding furnace 1 is also connected with a suspension casting component;
a negative pressure chamber 19; a casting mould is arranged in the negative pressure chamber 19, and the negative pressure chamber 19 is arranged on the bottom bedplate 6; the negative pressure chamber 19 is arranged above the holding furnace 1; the casting mold is communicated with the pressurizing chamber 20 through a suction casting channel; the negative pressure chamber 19 is also connected with a vacuum adjusting assembly and a pressure adjusting assembly;
the casting mould comprises a bottom mould 7, an upper mould 10 and a three-edge mould 9; a v-shaped exhaust groove is formed in the contact surface of the side die 9 with the bottom die 7 and the upper die 10; the bottom die 7, the upper die 10 and the three-side die 9 are closed to form a cavity 13.
A heat preservation furnace cover 4 is arranged on the top cover of the heat preservation furnace 1, and a through groove for installing a suction casting channel is formed in the center of the heat preservation furnace cover 4; the aluminum liquid 2 in the pressurizing chamber 20 is in a molten state;
the suspension casting assembly comprises a pressurizing pump 21 and a pressurizing electromagnetic valve 22; the pressurizing pump 21 and the pressurizing solenoid valve 22 are respectively communicated with the pressurizing chamber 20 through pressurizing pipes.
The suction casting channel comprises a lift pipe 3 and a pipette 5; one end of the riser tube 3 is inserted into the aluminum liquid 2 and arranged close to the bottom of the pressurizing chamber 20; the other end of the liquid lifting pipe 3 penetrates through the through groove and is communicated with one end of the liquid suction pipe 5; the pipette 5 penetrates through the bottom platen 6 and extends into the cavity 13; a reinforced support is arranged at the communication part of the liquid lifting pipe 3 and the liquid suction pipe 5; the two ends of the reinforcing support are respectively abutted against the through groove and the bottom bedplate 6.
The casting mould also comprises a side mould sealing cover 8 and an upper mould sealing cover 11; three side mold sealing covers 8 are arranged, and second spaces 200 are formed between the side mold sealing covers and the side walls of the three side molds 9 respectively; two ends of each side die sealing cover 8 are respectively connected with the upper die 10 and the bottom die 7 in a sealing way through high-temperature resistant sealing rings 17;
the upper mold sealing cover 11 is arranged above the upper mold 10 and forms a first space 100; the upper die sealing cover 11 is in sealing connection with the upper die 10 through a high-temperature-resistant sealing ring 17; the second space 200 and the first space 100 are both communicated with the negative pressure chamber 19.
The v-shaped discharge groove includes a first suction groove 15, a second suction groove 16 and a third suction groove 18; the cavity 13 is communicated with the first space 100 through a first suction groove 15 formed on the central ejector rod 14;
the second suction groove 16 is formed on the assembling surface of the side die 9 and the bottom die 7; a third suction groove 18 is formed on the assembling surface of the side mold 9 and the upper mold 10; the second suction groove 16 and the third suction groove 18 are both arranged on the side die 9 and are radially distributed along the center; the cavity 13 communicates with the second space 200 through the second suction groove 16 and the third suction groove 18.
The vacuum regulating assembly includes a vacuum pump 24 and a throttle valve 25; the vacuum pump 24 is communicated with the negative pressure chamber 19 through a negative pressure pipeline, and the throttle valve 25 is installed at the output end of the vacuum pump 24.
The pressure regulating assembly comprises a negative pressure electromagnetic valve 23, and the negative pressure electromagnetic valve 23 is connected with the vacuum regulating assembly in parallel and is communicated with the negative pressure chamber 19 through a negative pressure pipeline.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the radial groove depth H of the v-shaped vent groove is 0.6-1 mm; the opening angle is 60-90 deg.
In one embodiment of the invention, pressure sensors are also arranged on the pressurizing pipeline and the negative pressure pipeline; for determining the pressure conditions in the pressurizing chamber 20 and the negative pressure chamber 19, respectively.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 4, a vacuum suspension casting process comprises the following stages, in the production of the first piece:
1)0-1 liter liquid stage: the standard atmospheric pressure is set to be 0, the casting mold is closed, the negative pressure electromagnetic valve 23 is closed, the pressurizing electromagnetic valve 22 is in an open state, the vacuum pump 24 is started, the opening degree of the throttle valve 25 is controlled to enable the pressure in the negative pressure chamber 19 to be reduced along 0-1, the gas in the liquid lifting pipe 3, the liquid suction pipe 5 and the cavity 13 is pumped out along the first suction groove 15, the second suction groove 16 and the third suction groove 18 through the low-pressure space 100, the second empty space 200 and the negative pressure chamber 19, the pressure in the holding furnace 1 is 0 at the moment, and the molten aluminum 2 in the holding furnace 1 reaches the highest point of the bottom mold 7 through the liquid lifting pipe 3 and the liquid suction pipe 4 under the negative pressure effect.
2)1-2 filling stage: the pressure in the negative pressure chamber 19 is changed along 1-2 by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve 25, the aluminum liquid 2 is filled under the action of negative pressure, and the cavity 13 is filled with the aluminum liquid 2 when the pressure reaches T2.
3) B-C pressurization stage: the pressurizing solenoid valve 22 is closed, the negative pressure-P2' of the negative pressure chamber 19 is kept unchanged, and the pressurizing chamber 20 is pressurized from 0 to P3 by the pressurizing pump 21 to provide enough feeding pressure for the hub in time.
4) C-D pressure maintaining stage: when the pressure reaches T4, the outer surface of the inner rim is solidified, the vacuum pump 24 is closed, the negative pressure solenoid valve 23 is opened to communicate with the atmosphere, and when the pressure reaches T5, the pressure in the negative pressure chamber 19 is 0, and the pressure chamber 20 maintains the pressure P3 to T6.
5) D-E pressure relief stage: when the temperature reaches T6, the pressure pump 21 is closed, the pressure electromagnetic valve 22 is opened, when the temperature reaches T7, the pressure is released to P0 (suspension pressure), the pressure electromagnetic valve 22 is closed, the aluminum liquid 2 in the liquid lifting pipe 3 flows back, and the aluminum liquid 2 stays at a position higher than the liquid level H of the holding furnace 1.
Further, the following stages are included in the production of the second piece:
6)0 '-1' rise phase: closing the mold and using a negative pressure electromagnetic valve; 23, turning off the vacuum pump 24 and the pressurizing pump 21; (in this stage, if the pressure pump is not opened, the pressure in the holding furnace can be continuously reduced, the pressure can not be maintained at P0, and the pressure in the holding furnace is continuously reduced along with the pressure of the holding furnace until vacuum is formed (no gas enters the holding furnace), and the aluminum liquid can not be filled completely.)
The pressure in the negative pressure chamber 19 is reduced along 0 '-1' by controlling the opening of the throttle valve 25, the pressure in the holding furnace 1 is kept at P0, the molten aluminum 2 in the holding furnace 1 reaches the highest point of the bottom die through the liquid lifting pipe 3 and the liquid suction pipe 5 under the action of negative pressure, and the pressure in the negative pressure chamber 19 is-P1.
7)1 '-2' filling stage: the pressure in the negative pressure chamber 19 is changed along 1 '-2' by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve 25, the molten aluminum 2 is filled under the action of negative pressure, when the pressure reaches T2, the molten aluminum 2 fills the cavity 13, and the pressure in the pressurizing chamber is kept at P0.
8) B' -C pressurization stage: the negative pressure-P2 of the negative pressure chamber is kept constant, and the pressure chamber is pressurized from P0 to P3 by a pressure pump, so that sufficient feeding pressure is provided for the hub in time.
9) C-D pressure maintaining stage: when the pressure reaches T4, the outer surface of the inner rim is solidified, the vacuum pump is closed, the negative pressure solenoid valve is opened to communicate with the atmosphere, and when the pressure reaches T5', the pressure in the negative pressure chamber is 0, and the pressurizing chamber maintains the pressurizing pressure P3 to T6.
10) D-E pressure relief stage: when the temperature reaches T6, the pressure pump 21 is closed, the pressure electromagnetic valve 22 is opened, when the temperature reaches T7, the pressure is released to P0 (suspension pressure), the pressure electromagnetic valve 22 is closed, the aluminum liquid 2 in the liquid lifting pipe 3 flows back, and the aluminum liquid 2 stays at a position higher than the liquid level H of the holding furnace 1.
11) And (3) starting the next cycle after normal demolding and piece taking, closing the pressurizing pump when the end piece is produced to T6, and opening the pressurizing electromagnetic valve for pressure relief to 0.
Further as shown in the figure, the pressure P1 ═ P1 '-P0, P2 ═ P2' -P0, and the slope of the curve 0-1-2-3-4 is the same as that of the curve 0 '-1' -2 '-3' -4
P0 suspension pressure: 80-120 mbar; p1' pressure: 180-240 mbar; p2' pressure: 300-; p3 pressure: 900 and 1200mbar
0-T1：7-10s；T1-T2：18-24s；T2-T3：10-16s；T3-T4：10-25s；T4-T5:10-20s；T3-T6:130-270s；T6-T7:35-45s。
In one embodiment of the invention, the process adopts a process form combining vacuum suction casting, low-pressure casting and suspension casting; further, a vacuum suction casting process is used in the liquid lifting and filling stage, and vacuum pumping is performed through a vacuum channel at the matching position of the mold, so that negative pressure is generated in the aluminum liquid in the heat preservation furnace to suck the aluminum liquid into the cavity of the casting mold;
the process is adopted for the purposes of stabilizing the molten aluminum filling, reducing the defects of turbulent air entrainment, oxide skin, insufficient pouring and the like; the method has the advantages of high yield, good casting quality, stable molten metal filling, less oxidation slag inclusion and splashing, reduction of defects of pores, slag inclusion and the like of the casting and improvement of the yield. In addition, the casting can be carried out at a lower casting temperature, so that the crystal grains of the casting are refined, and the mechanical property is improved.
The mold filling capacity is good; during suction casting, the back pressure in the cavity of the casting mold is small, and the mold filling speed is adjustable, so that the mold filling capacity is strong, and the defects of insufficient casting and cold shut caused by unsmooth mold exhaust are reduced.
The aluminum liquid is under negative pressure, which increases the hydrogen precipitation during the mold filling process, improves the density of the aluminum liquid and reduces the casting pinhole defect. The suspension process avoids the situation that slag inclusion defects are increased due to the fact that slag storage at the bottom of the holding furnace is overturned because aluminum liquid in the liquid lifting pipe falls back after pressure relief.
Furthermore, the traditional low-pressure casting process is adopted in the pressure boosting and pressure maintaining stage, the pressure of a vacuum cover around the die is released, the pressure is started in the heat preservation furnace, the aluminum liquid is sequentially solidified under higher pressure, and the traditional low-pressure process is adopted to better perform sequential feeding, so that the casting tissue is compact, the tissue porosity is reduced, and the material performance is improved;
furthermore, if only adopt this kind of forming mode of vacuum suction casting, the problem of the shrinkage porosity at foundry goods rim position can be very outstanding, because the material utilizes the feeding gradient that promotes to lead to littleer and more fall the gradient even, rim shrinkage porosity easily takes place, adopts the problem that traditional low pressure technology can improve rim shrinkage porosity to a great extent at this stage.
Furthermore, the suspension process is adopted in the pressure relief stage, the pressure in the heat preservation furnace is relieved to 0mbar in the traditional low-pressure casting process, then the mold is opened, the part is taken out, and the mold is closed to enter the next production period, however, the suspension process is that the pressure in the heat preservation furnace is relieved to a certain value, so that the aluminum liquid in the liquid lifting pipe cannot fall back to the bottom of the heat preservation furnace, and the situation that the slag is stored at the bottom of the heat preservation furnace and impacted to cause the slag inclusion defect of the product is avoided in the traditional low-pressure process.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A vacuum suspension casting apparatus, comprising:
a holding furnace (1); an aluminum liquid (2) is arranged in a pressurizing chamber (20) of the heat preservation furnace (1); the heat preservation furnace (1) is also connected with a suspension casting assembly;
a negative pressure chamber (19); a casting mold is arranged in the negative pressure chamber (19), and the negative pressure chamber (19) is arranged on the bottom bedplate (6); the negative pressure chamber (19) is arranged above the heat preservation furnace (1); the casting mould communicates with the pressure chamber (20) through a suction casting channel; the negative pressure chamber (19) is also connected with a vacuum adjusting assembly and a pressure adjusting assembly;
the casting mould comprises a bottom mould (7), an upper mould (10) and three side moulds (9); a v-shaped exhaust groove is formed in the contact surface of the side die (9) and the bottom die (7) and the upper die (10); and a cavity (13) is formed after the bottom die (7), the upper die (10) and the three-edge die (9) are closed.
2. A vacuum suspension casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of the heat preservation furnace (1) is covered with a heat preservation furnace cover (4), and the center of the heat preservation furnace cover (4) is provided with a through groove for installing the suction casting channel; the aluminum liquid (2) in the pressurizing chamber (20) is in a molten state;
the suspension casting assembly comprises a pressurizing pump (21) and a pressurizing electromagnetic valve (22); the pressurizing pump (21) and the pressurizing solenoid valve (22) are respectively communicated with the pressurizing chamber (20) through pressurizing pipelines.
3. A vacuum suspension casting apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the suction casting channel comprises a lift pipe (3) and a pipette (5); one end of the liquid lifting pipe (3) is inserted into the aluminum liquid (2) and arranged close to the bottom of the pressurizing chamber (20); the other end of the liquid lifting pipe penetrates through the through groove and is communicated with one end of the liquid suction pipe (5); the pipette (5) penetrates through the bottom platen (6) and extends into the cavity (13); a reinforced support is arranged at the communication position of the liquid lifting pipe (3) and the liquid suction pipe (5); and two ends of the reinforcing support are respectively abutted against the through groove and the bottom bedplate (6).
4. A vacuum suspension casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the casting mould also comprises a side mould sealing cover (8) and an upper mould sealing cover (11); three side die sealing covers (8) are arranged, and second spaces (200) are formed between the side die sealing covers and the side walls of the three side dies (9); two ends of each side mold sealing cover (8) are respectively connected with the upper mold (10) and the bottom mold (7) in a sealing way through high-temperature resistant sealing rings (17);
the upper die sealing cover (11) is arranged above the upper die (10) and is provided with a first space (100); the upper die sealing cover (11) is in sealing connection with the upper die (10) through the high-temperature-resistant sealing ring (17); the second space (200) and the first space (100) are both in communication with the negative pressure chamber (19).
5. A vacuum suspension casting apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the v-shaped exhaust groove comprises a first suction groove (15), a second suction groove (16) and a third suction groove (18); the cavity (13) is communicated with the first space (100) through the first suction groove (15) formed in the central ejector rod (14);
the second suction groove (16) is formed on the assembling surface of the side die (9) and the bottom die (7); the third suction groove (18) is formed on the assembling surface of the side die (9) and the upper die (10); the second suction groove (16) and the third suction groove (18) are both arranged on the side die (9) and are radially distributed along the center; the cavity (13) is communicated with the second space (200) through a second suction groove (16) and a third suction groove (18).
6. The vacuum levitation casting apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein: the vacuum regulating assembly comprises a vacuum pump (24) and a throttle valve (25); the vacuum pump (24) is communicated with the negative pressure chamber (19) through a negative pressure pipeline, and the throttle valve (25) is installed at the output end of the vacuum pump (24).
7. A vacuum suspension casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressure regulating assembly comprises a negative pressure electromagnetic valve (23), the negative pressure electromagnetic valve (23) is connected with the vacuum regulating assembly in parallel and communicated with the negative pressure chamber (19) through a negative pressure pipeline.
8. Vacuum suspension casting process comprising the vacuum suspension casting apparatus according to claims 1-7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
lifting liquid; adjusting the standard atmospheric pressure to be 0, closing the casting mold, closing the negative pressure electromagnetic valve, opening the pressurizing electromagnetic valve, starting the vacuum pump, reducing the pressure in the negative pressure chamber by controlling the opening of the throttle valve, pumping out the gas in the riser tube, the pipette and the cavity along the first suction groove, the second suction groove and the third suction groove through the first space and the second space, wherein the pressure of the holding furnace is 0 at the moment, and the aluminum liquid in the holding furnace reaches the highest point of the bottom mold through the riser tube and the pipette under the action of negative pressure;
filling; the pressure in the negative pressure chamber is changed by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve, and the aluminum liquid is filled under the action of negative pressure until the cavity is filled with the aluminum liquid;
pressurizing; the pressurizing electromagnetic valve is closed, the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber is kept unchanged, and the pressurizing chamber is pressurized by the pressurizing pump until reaching the pressure maintaining pressure;
maintaining the pressure; the pressure maintaining pressure of the pressure chamber is kept unchanged, when the outer surface of the inner ear rim is solidified, the vacuum pump is closed, and the negative pressure electromagnetic valve is opened;
pressure relief; and after the pressure maintaining is finished, the pressure pump is closed, the pressure electromagnetic valve is opened, the mold is opened after the pressure is released to the suspension pressure, and the mold is closed after the mold is taken out.
9. A vacuum suspension casting process according to claim 8, wherein: the pressure maintaining pressure is continued until the aluminum liquid in the cavity is completely solidified; and after the outer edge surface of the inner ear rim is solidified, closing the vacuum pump, and opening the negative pressure electromagnetic valve to adjust to the standard atmospheric pressure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210642126.3A CN114951606B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Vacuum suspension casting equipment and process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210642126.3A CN114951606B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Vacuum suspension casting equipment and process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114951606A true CN114951606A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
| CN114951606B CN114951606B (en) | 2023-10-24 |
Family
ID=82960842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210642126.3A Active CN114951606B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Vacuum suspension casting equipment and process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114951606B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117399593A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-01-16 | 河北顺达铸造有限公司 | Casting method of efficient ductile iron castings |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU880624A1 (en) * | 1980-03-24 | 1981-11-15 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6930 | Plant for gas pressure die moulding |
| CN103302242A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-18 | 上海交通大学 | Precise casing method of tiles of floating wall of combustion chamber of aeroengine |
| US20180178276A1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2018-06-28 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Casting method and casting device |
| CN108746553A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-06 | 苏州沧海真空机械有限公司 | Vacuum and the compound aluminum alloy casting apparatus and its method of low pressure |
| CN208680490U (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2019-04-02 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | Aluminum-alloy wheel exempts from a liter liquid low pressure casting and fills type device |
| CN209223157U (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-08-09 | 佛山市南海奔达模具有限公司 | Vacuum type low pressure wheel hub casting mould |
| CN212094296U (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-12-08 | 保定立中东安轻合金部件制造有限公司 | Low-pressure vacuum casting device |
| CN113199008A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-03 | 重庆大学 | Vacuum low-pressure casting device and method for large aluminum and magnesium alloy castings |
| CN214977677U (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-12-03 | 江苏天宏机械工业有限公司 | Casting machine integrating negative pressure and low pressure casting technology |
-
2022
- 2022-06-08 CN CN202210642126.3A patent/CN114951606B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU880624A1 (en) * | 1980-03-24 | 1981-11-15 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6930 | Plant for gas pressure die moulding |
| CN103302242A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-18 | 上海交通大学 | Precise casing method of tiles of floating wall of combustion chamber of aeroengine |
| US20180178276A1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2018-06-28 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Casting method and casting device |
| CN208680490U (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2019-04-02 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | Aluminum-alloy wheel exempts from a liter liquid low pressure casting and fills type device |
| CN108746553A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-06 | 苏州沧海真空机械有限公司 | Vacuum and the compound aluminum alloy casting apparatus and its method of low pressure |
| CN209223157U (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-08-09 | 佛山市南海奔达模具有限公司 | Vacuum type low pressure wheel hub casting mould |
| CN212094296U (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-12-08 | 保定立中东安轻合金部件制造有限公司 | Low-pressure vacuum casting device |
| CN113199008A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-03 | 重庆大学 | Vacuum low-pressure casting device and method for large aluminum and magnesium alloy castings |
| CN214977677U (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-12-03 | 江苏天宏机械工业有限公司 | Casting machine integrating negative pressure and low pressure casting technology |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117399593A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-01-16 | 河北顺达铸造有限公司 | Casting method of efficient ductile iron castings |
| CN117399593B (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-03-15 | 河北顺达铸造有限公司 | Casting method of efficient ductile iron castings |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114951606B (en) | 2023-10-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106975738B (en) | Vacuum die casting equipment and high vacuum die casting method | |
| US20200139430A1 (en) | Method and Apparatus for Counter-Gravity Mold Filling | |
| CN101274361A (en) | Low speed vacuum squeeze casting technology | |
| CN108311658A (en) | Vacuum low speed pressure casting method | |
| CN101224493A (en) | Vacuum pressure absorbing and casting device | |
| CN114951606A (en) | Vacuum suspension casting equipment and process | |
| CN108480599B (en) | Vacuum suction casting device and method | |
| CN108746553A (en) | Vacuum and the compound aluminum alloy casting apparatus and its method of low pressure | |
| CN215746356U (en) | Multi-material-chamber casting equipment | |
| CN113199008A (en) | Vacuum low-pressure casting device and method for large aluminum and magnesium alloy castings | |
| CN212094296U (en) | Low-pressure vacuum casting device | |
| CN214977677U (en) | Casting machine integrating negative pressure and low pressure casting technology | |
| CN201419235Y (en) | Vacuum die casting mechanism of aluminum alloy die casting mould for bracket | |
| CN101628332A (en) | Method for casting titanium and titanium alloy | |
| CN201148459Y (en) | Integrated magnesium-base composite material preparing apparatus | |
| CN116140587A (en) | Multifunctional antigravity casting equipment and casting method | |
| JP2933255B2 (en) | Suction differential pressure casting method | |
| CN114226691A (en) | Metal-based ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2871358B2 (en) | Casting equipment | |
| CN105834401B (en) | One pipe multimode vacuum adjustable pressure casting new method of supercharger impeller and special purpose device | |
| CN204366020U (en) | A kind of cast aluminium device of suction pouring compression solidification | |
| CN106881455A (en) | The method and its device of a kind of vacuum low-pressure casting handset shell | |
| CN201183108Y (en) | Vacuum pressure suction casting apparatus | |
| CN108772555B (en) | Explosion-proof device of vacuum suction casting chamber and control method thereof | |
| CN106694845A (en) | High-vacuum mold for alloy die-casting formation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |