CN114949792A

CN114949792A - Medical care is with breathing training ware

Info

Publication number: CN114949792A
Application number: CN202210744745.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘红; 季文群; 邓钦; 王筑梅
Original assignee: Second People's Hospital Of Guiyang
Current assignee: Second People's Hospital Of Guiyang
Priority date: 2022-06-27
Filing date: 2022-06-27
Publication date: 2022-08-30
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-27
Also published as: CN114949792B

Abstract

The invention relates to a medical care breathing trainer, which comprises a breathing module, a breathing module and a training module, wherein the breathing module is provided with an expiration channel and an inspiration channel which can be alternatively opened or closed; the breathing module unidirectionally guides expired gas of a patient into the training module, and the control module executes a breathing training plan in a mode that the training module feeds back adjustable resistance to the expired gas. The control module is provided with a plurality of training modes aiming at different breathing training requirements according to the variation relation between the pressure of the exhaled gas and the exhalation resistance fed back by the training module, and the breathing module and the training module can realize the fine control and the pertinence setting of the breathing training based on the control module; the control module may also provide real-time guidance and training evaluation for the respiratory training process based on the detection data.

Description

Medical care is with breathing training ware

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a breathing trainer for medical care.

Background

The heart and lung function is the basis of human metabolism, is closely related to multiple functions of the human body, such as respiratory function, endocrine function, metabolic function and the like, and is an essential important function for maintaining human life. The normal adult male has a lung capacity of about 3500 ml, the female has a lung capacity of about 2500 ml, and after the age of 30 years, the lung capacity begins to decrease by 9-27% every 10 years. The grading criteria for assessing the degree of lung hypofunction are as follows: level 0: the daily life capacity is the same as that of a normal person; level 1: people are easy to have shortness of breath when working normally; and 2, stage: shortness of breath occurs when climbing stairs and ascending slopes; and 3, level: when the patient walks slowly within 100 meters, the patient feels breathlessness; 4, level: the patient feels shortness of breath through slight actions such as speaking and dressing; and 5, stage: when the patient is quiet, the patient has short breath and cannot lie flat.

Hypoxia caused by low lung function is apt to induce various chronic diseases: the influence on the heart and blood vessels is that hypertension is easy to aggravate, myocardial infarction, cerebral thrombosis and other diseases are induced; effects on the nervous system: hypoxia can directly affect the nervous system of a human and even damage brain tissues; damage to tissues and cells: the energy metabolism of the whole tissue cells is obstructed, the immunity is reduced, and the cell degeneration is caused. Chronic diseases such as renal insufficiency and diabetes occur. Therefore, it is very necessary to improve lung function and train the lungs.

Clinically, for diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, chronic pulmonary heart and the like and the rehabilitation period after pulmonary surgery, targeted pulmonary training is also needed to improve the respiratory capacity and the cardiopulmonary function. Common training methods are: first, diaphragmatic breathing is also called compound breathing, and is a training method mainly for emphasizing diaphragmatic movement. The breathing auxiliary muscle is effectively reduced by improving the abnormal breathing mode, the purposes of improving the breathing efficiency and reducing the breathing energy consumption are achieved, and the breathing auxiliary muscle is suitable for spinal cord injury, chronic bronchitis emphysema or obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory dysfunction caused by severe scoliosis or kyphosis and the like; local respiratory training, also called thoracic expansion, is defined for hypoventilation that may occur in certain areas of the lung, and expansion training for specific areas of the lung includes: the expansion of the lateral thorax, the expansion of the posterior basal part, the expansion of the right middle lobe or tongue lobe and the expansion of the lung apex is suitable for atelectasis or chest wall fibrosis caused by operation and other reasons; and thirdly, impedance expiration training, namely a breathing training method for applying resistance during expiration so as to properly increase the resistance of the air passage and relieve or prevent the premature closing of the small air passage at the pathological part during expiration, thereby achieving the purposes of improving ventilation and air exchange and reducing residual capacity in the lung, and being suitable for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma and cystic fibrosis), spinal cord injury and the like. And fourthly, pulmonary fibrosis breathing exercise, aiming at symptoms of the interstitial lung disease patients such as the reduction of the lung tissue elasticity, the serious reduction of the lung volume, the reduction of the activity endurance and the like, and achieving the purposes of improving the lung ventilation and air exchange functions and delaying the reduction of the lung volume by the standardized limb movement and the deep breathing.

In the prior art, for example, patent document CN111544851A discloses a training device for medical care, which is provided with a counterweight to adjust exhalation resistance; set up display screen and voice broadcast ware in order to embody the training degree directly perceivedly, be provided with ultraviolet lamp and detachable device and be convenient for the disinfection. Patent publication No. CN114225341A discloses a breathe internal medicine clinical vital capacity trainer that uses, and the device uses and overcomes the elasticity and does work with the flexible gasbag drive thrust unit who insufflates the device mouth intercommunication, and thrust unit changes the degree of difficulty that removes the post and aspirate air based on the ball valve in order to adjust expiratory resistance.

The patent with publication number CN111420362B discloses a medical vital capacity training device and a working method thereof, comprising a blowing mechanism, a vital capacity detection mechanism, a pressurizing mechanism and a suck-back prevention device, wherein the suck-back prevention device comprises a branch pipe, a vertical pipe, an oxygen tank, a horizontal abutting mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism, two lifting mechanisms and connecting mechanisms, and the two connecting mechanisms are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the branch pipe. The device adopts an oxygen tank to supply air to a trainer, and an anti-suck-back device is arranged in an expiration channel to avoid the backflow of expired air; the device adjusts the difficulty of exhalation based on a spirometric detection mechanism that can change the arrangement of air inlets and the internal pressure. The patent with publication number CN112057815B discloses a breathing internal medicine vital capacity training device, and the device adjusts expiratory resistance through setting up the first trainer based on the throwing ball of blowing and the second trainer based on the balancing pole, has also increased the interest of training.

The patent with the publication number CN109938714B discloses a wearable equipment of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training, training intensity adjustment elastic component can adjust heart rehabilitation training's intensity and lung rehabilitation training's breathing gas velocity of flow, training detection subassembly can detect heart lung rehabilitation training condition, the controller can be according to health monitoring subassembly and training detection subassembly's monitoring condition, automatically adjust training intensity adjustment elastic component, so that carry out the training of corresponding intensity under the state that is fit for patient self health, can make the patient according to the required training intensity of self condition automatically regulated when using.

In summary, the prior art is not suitable for lung training assisted by hand or body movements; in view of the problem that the exhalation part needs manual assistance of the patient to define the position of the mouth and the nose, a device which is convenient to wear and has a closely connected exhalation passage with the mouth and the nose of the patient is not provided; the prior art adopts a discontinuous, simple and linear adjusting mode such as a spring, gravity or electronic equipment for adjusting the expiratory resistance, and the expiratory resistance cannot be continuously changed or changed along with the expiratory intensity in the training process, so that the expiratory resistance is not suitable for fine breathing training control.

Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to the person skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the inventor has studied a lot of documents and patents when making the present invention, but the space is not limited to the details and contents listed in the above, however, the present invention is by no means free of the features of the prior art, but the present invention has been provided with all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome at least part of defects in the prior art, the application provides a respiratory trainer for medical care, which comprises a respiratory module and a respiratory module, wherein the respiratory module and the respiratory module are separately provided with an expiration channel and an inspiration channel; the breathing module for unidirectionally introducing fresh air into the mouth and nose of the patient is connected with the training module in such a way that exhaled gas of the patient can be introduced into the training module unidirectionally, wherein, under the condition that the patient performs breathing training via the exhalation channel, the control module executes a breathing training plan in such a way that the training module feeds back adjustable resistance to the exhaled gas.

To prior art not being applicable to and needing to be assisted with the breathing training scenario of hand or health action, this application has overcome the supplementary defect of injecing respiratory device of needs hand through the breathing module of injecing in patient's head, when breathing module and patient's mouth nose are established firm and are connected, also make patient's health can be assisted with the action in order to carry out the combined training, and the rehabilitation training homoenergetic to different lung diseases has good suitability. The inspiration channel and the expiration channel of the breathing module are separately arranged, so that a patient wearing the breathing module can breathe at intervals and train continuously, and discontinuous training or tight fitting caused by taking the breathing module from the mouth and the nose or covering the breathing module is avoided; expiration passageway and inspiration passageway alternative one-way open or the design that ends make the process of breathing in and exhale the process and go on in turn, can not influence each other, and expired gas can not get back to near mouth nose again based on one-way circulation effect, avoids repeatedly breathing in expired gas and produces healthy risk.

Meanwhile, the process of alternatively carrying out expiration and inspiration can be matched with the single training or continuous training process of the training module, so that the breathing module with the inspiration channel and the expiration channel separately arranged and the training module feeding back adjustable resistance to the expired gas realize the fine control of the breathing training based on the control module. For example, the training module is provided with a plurality of sensors in order to detect parameters such as expired gas pressure, breathing feedback resistance and expired gas volume respectively, and control module tracks expired gas pressure in real time and adjusts breathing feedback resistance in order to control the training module, according to breathing feedback resistance along with the difference of expired gas pressure change law, sets up the breathing training plan that multiple can be directed against different respiratory weak links, is applicable to postoperative respiratory function rehabilitation training or to respiratory's functional training.

Preferably, the breathing module is further provided with a breathing mask which is communicated to the inhalation channel and the exhalation channel in parallel, and the exhalation channel and the inhalation channel can be alternatively opened or closed through an adjusting mechanism arranged in the breathing mask, wherein the adjusting mechanism performs an operation of alternatively opening or closing by detecting the respiratory pressure of the patient. For example, when the patient is in an inspiration state, the pressure detection device of the adjusting mechanism detects negative breathing pressure in the breathing mask, and the adjusting mechanism controls the valve of the inspiration passage to be opened and keeps the valve of the expiration passage to be closed; when the patient is in an expiratory state, the adjusting mechanism detects positive respiratory pressure in the respirator, and the adjusting mechanism controls the valve of the inspiratory passage to be closed and keeps the valve of the expiratory passage to be opened. The mode that adjustment mechanism controls breathing in passageway and breathing passageway alternative and opens or close based on the change of breathing pressure can cooperate with the continuous training process of training the module, compare the breathing module among the prior art and need the supplementary fixed or breathing passageway sharing scheme of hand, the respirator of wearing formula in succession has improved the continuity and the stability of breathing training process, adjustment mechanism control breathing in passageway and breathing in passageway alternative open or end then exhale process and breathing in process organic separation, can set up independent training mode to breathing in process or exhaling process, it is significant to respiratory system's the breathing training that becomes more meticulous.

Preferably, the trainer is provided with a plurality of sensors connected with the control module, wherein a first sensor is arranged on the training module to detect the pressure of the exhaled gas and is determined as a first pressure by the control module to represent the actual pressure of the current exhaled gas; the second sensor is arranged on the training module to detect the expiratory feedback resistance, and the second sensor is determined as a second pressure by the control module and used for representing the actual expiratory resistance fed back to the exhaled gas by the training module; the third sensor is arranged on the training module to detect the single exhalation quantity, and the control module calculates the single exhalation quantity in a standard state through the first pressure and the second pressure; a fourth sensor is disposed on the surface of the patient's thorax to detect fluctuations in chest circumference size, and the control module calculates the breathing cycle.

Preferably, the control module configures the regulated training mode in a manner that tracks the first pressure so as to maintain the second pressure stable, wherein the second pressure is not changed when the first pressure is less than the second pressure; when the first pressure is greater than the second pressure, the training module feeds back a stable expiratory resistance to the exhaled gas based on the second pressure that is kept stable by adjusting an exhalation channel of the breathing module and/or the training module to keep the first pressure equal to the second pressure.

For patients who need to train respiratory muscle groups and nervous systems (e.g. cervical spinal injuries, progressive muscular atrophy, respiratory muscle weakness due to guillain barre syndrome), exercise therapy, although effective, is difficult to measure accurately because of the progress or regression of muscle strength or nerve conduction effects in these patients, and expiratory movements in rehabilitative exercise need to be more focused on the degree to which their expiratory pressure reaches and the time required to reach the target expiratory pressure. The training target can be intuitively set through a pressure stabilizing training mode, particularly the pressure value of the training target can be set step by step, and the training of repeatedly keeping constant pressure is very important for building a nerve bypass to form new muscle memory for a patient with an impaired upgrading system; the well-differentiated stepwise pressure rise and fall is of critical significance for the formation of new muscle memory. The second pressure is kept stable, which means that the lowest pressure required by expiration is definitely preset, and when the first pressure is smaller than the second pressure, the second pressure is kept constant so as to provide a definite feedback signal for muscles and form a breathing threshold value of specific pressure, and the shallowest amplitude of spontaneous breathing of a patient can be confirmed by repeatedly practicing for many times, so that the breathing control device has a vital significance for independent and autonomous life. According to the invention, however, the first pressure is maintained equal to the second pressure only when the first pressure is greater than the second pressure by adjusting the exhalation path of the breathing module and/or the training module; this is clearly distinguished from prior art spring or hydraulic training mechanisms. Since a constant pressure is very important to maintain the endurance of the mid-stream breathing muscles, it takes a certain time to develop the associated muscle memory. The prior art spring, hydraulic or spring hydraulic combination can only provide greater and greater resistance, and is not helpful for the second half endurance training of the respiratory muscle group.

Preferably, the control module is provided with a follow-up training mode according to a mode that the difference value between the first pressure and the second pressure is kept constant, and when the first pressure is changed in an expiration stage in a mode that the first pressure is increased firstly and then reduced, the second pressure is changed in a mode that the second pressure is kept constant difference value with the first pressure and then is increased firstly and then reduced, so that the expiration resistance fed back by the training module is changed along with the expiration intensity.

For patients with weak respiratory muscles, continuous high-quality exhalation is often difficult, and in the absence of clear training guidance, the patient himself cannot judge the abilities of the respiratory muscles and the nervous system, and particularly, in the case of progressive muscular atrophy, if the pressure fluctuation condition in the whole breathing process cannot be monitored, the respiratory muscle endurance deterioration caused by muscular atrophy cannot be accurately judged, and the respiratory muscle endurance training effect of the respiratory muscles and the nervous system cannot be judged. According to the invention, the endurance training effect of the respiratory muscle is measured by determining the difference between the first pressure representing the actual pressure of the current exhaled air and the second pressure of the adjustable resistance value, particularly setting the difference with obvious difference. The difference between the first pressure and the second pressure is set individually, and after the difference is set and applied to the training module by the control unit, the difference is set to a constant value; at this time, the value of the fourth sensor is monitored to determine the time relationship between the current difference and the fluctuation of the chest size, and the variation of the endurance of the respiratory muscle is deduced.

Preferably, the control module is provided with a fluctuation training mode in which the second pressure jumps between at least two set values at preset time intervals, and the training module feeds back the oscillating expiratory resistance to the exhaled air based on the fluctuating second pressure.

When a patient is doing respiratory training, not only the respiratory muscle group needs to be trained, but also the ventilation capacity of the bottom of the lung needs to be improved. The training of the ventilation capacity of the lung bottom is mainly the training of diaphragm and abdominal muscles, for example, by means of abdominal breathing. According to the invention, the muscles at different parts are trained intermittently by switching between abdominal respiration and thoracic respiration, and the respiratory muscle group, the diaphragm muscle and the abdominal muscle are forced to form new muscle memory, so that the patient can be assisted to recover the respiratory capacity in a shorter time. The preset time interval can be set on the trainer by the nursing staff according to experience, and can also be determined by machine learning by virtue of the training effect; alternating breathing also allows for higher intensity exercise of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Furthermore, it is necessary to set the second pressure "in jumps of a preset time interval", since there is a large difference between abdominal and thoracic breathing of the patient, which needs to be set specifically. For people who need to practice thoracoabdominal breathing, the length of the preset time interval needs to be set according to breath control needed under different conditions, and therefore the time relation between the second pressure of a plurality of jumps of the performance trainer and the fluctuation of the chest circumference size can be determined by monitoring the value of the fourth sensor, so that the breath control can be detected and fed back.

Preferably, the control module is provided with a frequency training mode according to at least two of a preset number of times of stable pressure training mode, a follow-up training mode and a wave training mode in a mode of a preset time interval and/or a preset sequence combination, and the preset number of times, the preset time interval and/or the preset sequence combination can be adjusted according to the breathing training intensity.

In the respiratory training process, under the condition of no interference of other factors, the respiratory capacity and the cardiopulmonary function of a patient are in the process of differential improvement or stable improvement in different rehabilitation stages; meanwhile, the respiratory system is influenced by various factors such as nervous system, respiratory muscle group, respiratory organ, heart and lung exchange and the like. In order to unify the comprehensiveness and pertinence of respiratory training, the stable pressure training mode, the following training mode and the fluctuation training mode need to be combined, and can be used as a preparation stage or an advanced stage of a single training mode, and the advantages of each mode are integrated, so that the comprehensive and comprehensive training of the respiratory system can be realized. In the training and pressure stabilizing training mode, repeated pressure constancy and step pressure with clear difference have important significance for endurance training and muscle memory construction of respiratory muscles such as diaphragm, pectoral muscle and the like; in the following training mode, the difference value of the first pressure and the second pressure is kept constant, the expiratory resistance is increased along with the increase of the respiratory intensity, the specific expiratory resistance is provided for different stages of single respiratory training, the device is suitable for the situations of functional reconstruction after respiratory muscle group operation or respiratory system disorder and the like, and the device can also provide reference for respiratory muscle endurance change and development judgment; in the wave training mode, the patient fully develops respiratory muscle endurance and lung base ventilation by switching back and forth between abdominal and thoracic breathing, fluctuating expiratory resistance and alternating training rhythms.

For example, the stable pressure training mode and the fluctuation training mode are combined, so that the training requirement for emphasizing actions of respiratory muscles such as diaphragm muscles can be met, the respiratory muscle group abnormity is improved, the endurance of main respiratory muscles is enhanced, the respiratory energy consumption is reduced, and the device is suitable for spinal cord injury and obstructive lung diseases; for another example, the stable pressure training mode and the following training mode are combined, the stable respiratory resistance can relieve or prevent the early closing of the diseased airway, the ventilation capacity is improved, the following respiratory resistance can reduce the training strength, the training fatigue is relieved, the respiratory endurance and the functional stability of respiratory muscles at the resistance change stage can be enhanced, and the respiratory muscle training device is suitable for respiratory diseases caused by restrictive disorders or obstructive disorders.

Preferably, the steady pressure training mode, the follow-up training mode and the fluctuation training mode are selectively set by the control module according to the single expiration volume and/or the respiration cycle obtained by the third sensor and/or the fourth sensor. Control module acquires patient single respiratory gas volume and breathing cycle based on third sensor and fourth sensor, and the stability degree of patient's expiratory training process is reflected in the change of single respiratory gas volume along with time, and breathing cycle then reflects patient respiratory training frequency and speed, and control module can exhale the gas volume according to the single and breathing cycle along with the change rule of time comes to carry out automatic adjustment to breathing training mode, also can be experienced by patient or medical personnel's combination training data and training and carry out manual adjustment. For example, when the amount of single breath gas is in a decreasing trend in several cycles, the control module adjusts the breathing difficulty of the current training mode down or switches the training mode based on a preset training plan.

Preferably, the control module may process and display data acquired by the first to fourth sensors in a form of a picture or a sound, wherein the control module displays a reference curve to the patient based on preset parameters of the training mode and the breathing cycle, and the first pressure and the second pressure are set to be continuously varied real-time curves based on the breathing cycle, so that the patient can obtain training guidance by comparing the reference curve with the real-time curves. Control module can produce useful feedback to breathing training person based on the show mode of picture or sound, compare in pure boring breathing training, this application can be associated multiple training mode with the show mode, show data obtains based on the sensor is real-time, patient or training person can obtain direct feedback based on real-time show, the training person of being convenient for carries out non-delay breathing adjustment, can avoid breaking away from among the current device the show of real-time data and the present defect that does not match or the opportunity lags of breathing training adjustment.

Preferably, the ratio of the integral area of the real-time curve to the integral area of the reference curve in a plurality of respiratory cycles and/or the variation data of the single expiratory volume based on the respiratory cycle can be used as the respiratory training quality evaluation index. The integral area of the real-time curve refers to the area of a region formed by the real-time curve and a time horizontal axis, and can be used for representing the average expiratory intensity in a single or multiple respiratory cycles, the integral area of the reference curve represents a set respiratory intensity target of the average expiratory intensity in the single or multiple respiratory cycles, and the ratio can represent the completion degree of the actual respiratory training relative to the set target. The change process of the respiratory capacity of the patient along with time can be intuitively obtained by the single expiratory volume based on the change data of the respiratory cycle, and data reference can be provided for the setting of the training quality and the training mode.

Preferably, the adjusting mechanism can also be a one-way joint arranged in the expiration channel and the inspiration channel, so that the expiration and inspiration can realize gas flow only by forming a certain pressure difference at the two ends of the one-way joint, and the adjusting mechanism plays a role in basic exercise for the inspiration process and the expiration process; simultaneously, the mode of setting of cooperation breathing module, but the training module is separated the inner chamber for training chamber and regulation chamber with the piston of free activity, wherein the training chamber holds expired gas, the regulation chamber is used for controlling the resistance that the piston compression adjusted the chamber and receives, because the airtight division effect of piston, there is pressure differential in training chamber and regulation chamber, the frictional force that the piston received is overcome to the pressure that pressure differential produced and promotes the piston and remove in the inner chamber, then change the motion resistance that the piston received through control module change the pressure of adjusting the intracavity and carry out the control of refining, for example continuous pressure change control or nonlinear control, can cooperate going on of multiple breathing training mode.

Preferably, the breathing training device for medical care provided by the present application may also be a lung capacity training device for medical care. The training ware includes the breathing module of exhaling passageway and inspiratory channel separation setting, and under the breathing module through restricting the subassembly and establish the condition of being connected with patient's oronasal mode with patient's mouth shape fit's mode, breathing module's respiratory mask covers patient's oronasal based on the facial shape near laminating patient's oronasal for exhaling passageway and inspiratory channel can be as the flow path of patient breathing air.

Preferably, under the condition that the breathing mask is provided with a plurality of connecting ports, the edge of the breathing mask for connecting the mouth and the nose of the patient is provided with a shape memory strip, so that the shape memory strip can form a shape fitting the facial curve of the patient based on the action of external force; the edge that respiratory mask is close to patient's face one side is provided with comfortable layer for the comfortable layer that seals the hole between respiratory mask edge and the patient face can alleviate the extrusion effort of shape memory strip to patient's face based on self elasticity.

Preferably, under the condition that the connecting ports of the breathing mask are respectively connected with the exhalation channel and the inhalation channel, the limiting assembly limits the breathing mask at the mouth and nose positions of the face of the patient in a mode that a plurality of elastic belts arranged on the left side and the right side of the breathing mask respectively bypass the head of the patient to be connected; the elastic webbing can the symmetry set up in the respiratory mask left and right sides for the elastic webbing also can let respiratory mask keep the symmetry relative to the facial axis of patient when keeping breathing and hugging closely patient's face to respiratory mask's effort. Respiratory mask establishes firm the connection with patient's face based on the combined action of injecing subassembly, shape memory strip and comfortable layer, can be applicable to patient's breathing training and need the scene of health action complex, liberates both hands, can wear for a long time, and it has more extensive suitability to compare in relying on the supplementary respiratory device's of hand technical scheme among the prior art.

Preferably, under the condition that the first opening of the breathing mask is connected with the exhalation channel, the exhalation channel for circulating the exhaled gas of the patient is provided with a first one-way section in a manner of outputting the gas to the training module in a one-way manner; the first one-way joint comprises a fixing ring which is connected with the expiration channel and is provided with an opening, one side of the fixing ring, which is far away from the face of the patient, is provided with a baffle, and the baffle which is used for being matched with the fixing ring to form a baffle for blocking the expiration channel is connected with the fixing ring through a plurality of elastic pieces; wherein, under the circumstances that the baffle can be based on the solid fixed ring of elastic component connection and solid fixed ring removal relatively, the exhalation gas removes in the direction of keeping away from patient's face in exhaling the passageway, and exhalation gas can promote the baffle and remove to the direction of keeping away from patient's face for because the elastic component of precompression and the baffle of solid fixed ring laminating break away from solid fixed ring and form the passageway that can supply exhalation gas to flow.

Preferably, in a case where the second openings of the mask are connected to the inhalation channels provided on both sides of the mask, the inhalation channel for circulating the inhaled gas of the patient is provided with second one-way joints in such a manner that the gas can be unidirectionally supplied to the mask, and in a case where the fixing ring provided on the inner surface of the inhalation channel is configured in a shape of an intermediate opening, the baffle plate is connected to the side of the fixing ring close to the face of the patient by a pre-compressed elastic member in such a manner that the inhaled gas can be allowed to flow only in a direction close to the face of the patient, so that the baffle plate moves in a direction close to the face of the patient based on the pressure difference and forms a channel through which the inhaled gas flows.

Preferably, the two groups of inhalation channels are respectively connected with the second openings arranged on the two sides of the respirator, so that the patient can breathe fresh air on the two sides simultaneously, sufficient oxygen supply is kept, and the sustainability of breathing training is improved; the sectional area of the first opening is smaller than that of the second opening, so that the pressure of the exhaled air in the exhalation channel can be kept at a high level, and the continuity of air supply to the training module is guaranteed.

Preferably, the breathing module is detachably connected with the training module through a connecting part with adjustable length, the connecting part is configured into a stretchable or compressible corrugated pipe, one end of the connecting part, which is close to the breathing mask, is detachably connected with the exhalation port of the exhalation passage, and one end of the connecting part, which is close to the training module, is detachably connected with the air inlet, so that the breathing module and the training module can be conveniently and quickly assembled or disassembled, and are convenient to clean and sterilize.

Preferably, the training module comprises a shell body provided with a cavity, a display screen is arranged on one side, close to the patient, of the shell, man-machine interaction can be carried out on the display screen used for displaying training information based on keys, and an acousto-optic simulation assembly is arranged around the display screen.

Preferably, the training module for providing an adjustable exhalation resistance is configured with a cavity with a piston, the piston arranged inside the cavity divides the cavity into a training chamber for accommodating the exhalation gas and a pressure-adjustable regulation chamber, so that the control module feeds back the adjustable exhalation resistance to the exhalation gas in the training chamber in a manner that the pressure of the gas in the regulation chamber can be changed.

Preferably, under the condition that patient's expired gas can flow to the air inlet through connecting portion, be provided with the check valve in the middle of the pipeline of setting between training chamber and air inlet for expired gas can only one-way circulation to training intracavity, avoids air inlet or connecting portion gas tightness problem to influence the gas pressure in the training intracavity. The training chamber is provided with the first control valve that is used for training the chamber quick gassing, adjusts the chamber and is provided with second control valve and the third control valve that is used for controlling the interior gas pressure of regulation chamber, adjusts the chamber and can control the gas volume that gets into in the regulation chamber and the gas volume that discharges and adjust the chamber through second control valve and third control valve respectively for the gas pressure of adjusting the intracavity can carry out the control of refining.

Preferably, a first sensor for detecting the gas pressure of the training cavity in real time is arranged in the training cavity under the condition that the gas pressure of the training cavity can be changed based on the gas inlet and the first control valve; under the condition that the gas pressure of the adjusting cavity can be changed based on the second control valve and the third control valve, a second sensor for detecting the gas pressure in real time is arranged in the adjusting cavity; in case the piston is movable within the cavity, the side wall of the cavity is provided with a third sensor for detecting the stroke of the piston within the cavity.

Preferably, the control module comprises a cuff arranged on the surface of the patient's chest, the cuff for defining at least one fourth sensor on the surface of the patient's chest for establishing a stable connection with patients of different sizes based on the adjustment portion, the fourth sensor being arranged on the side of the cuff close to the surface of the patient's skin in such a way that it is able to measure periodically varying data generated by the patient's chest breathing movements.

Preferably, the control module is electrically connected with the first sensor in a manner of acquiring a first pressure of the gas in the training cavity, and the control module is electrically connected with the first control valve in a manner of controlling the opening of the first control valve; the control module is electrically connected with the second sensor in a mode of acquiring a second pressure of the gas in the regulating cavity, and the control module is electrically connected with the second regulating valve and the third regulating valve in a mode of controlling the amount of the gas entering or discharging the regulating cavity; the control module is electrically connected with the third sensor in a mode of acquiring the motion position data of the piston in the cavity; the control module is electrically connected to the fourth sensor in a manner to acquire periodic data generated by the patient's chest breathing.

Preferably, the control module includes a computing unit for analyzing the acquired data and outputting a control command, the storage unit is electrically connected to the computing unit in a manner capable of storing the data and the control command, the data of the storage unit or the computing unit can be transmitted to the monitoring device through the communication unit, and the monitoring device can be a cloud server or an intelligent terminal.

Preferably, the control module is provided with a plurality of training modes through a way that the computing unit analyzes data acquired by the first to fourth sensors and outputs a control command, so that the adjusting cavity of the training module feeds back the dynamically adjustable exhalation resistance to the piston based on different training modes.

In clinical practice, the deterioration of the heart, lung and respiratory functions is influenced by various factors, such as lung diseases, respiratory muscle group injuries, postoperative or age factors, and the like, but the configuration mode with single respiratory resistance in the prior art cannot meet the requirement that a patient needs to finely control the resistance in the respiratory training process, and the continuity and the frequency of the training mode are very important in the respiratory training. Therefore, on the basis that the breathing module can carry out continuous breathing training, the control module controls the pressure of the gas in the adjusting cavity in real time on the basis of the sensor and the control valve and forms various breathing training modes by matching with the pressure change of the gas exhaled from the training cavity; for example, the second pressure is kept at a set value, the exhalation resistance is stable, and the breathing training device is suitable for uniform breathing training with various difficulties; the second pressure changes along with the first pressure, and the resistance feedback continuously following the change can improve the effect of non-uniform training; the second pressure fluctuates in a set range, and the resistance of continuous fluctuation can exercise the toughness and the breathing coordination of the breathing muscles in a one-weight-one-slow mode. Meanwhile, multiple breathing training modes are combined at a certain frequency and times, the advantages of all modes can be combined to form comprehensive training, a patient can customize training parameters based on a control module, the participation of the patient is improved, and repetition and dullness under a single mode are avoided.

Preferably, in the initial state of a single training, the first pressure and the second pressure are kept consistent with the external atmospheric pressure, the piston is positioned close to the air inlet, and the first control valve to the third control valve are closed; in the single training process, the training cavity expands, the first pressure is larger than the second pressure, the movement resistance of the piston is overcome, and the adjusting cavity is compressed, wherein the second pressure keeps constant difference with the first pressure based on the control module; in the end state of single training, the first pressure is reduced to be consistent with the second pressure, and the piston is positioned far away from the air inlet; in the resetting process, the first control valve is opened, the first pressure is consistent with the atmospheric pressure, the third control valve is closed, the second control valve is opened to inflate the adjusting cavity, the second pressure is greater than the first pressure, the piston is pushed to reset, the second control valve is closed, the third control valve is opened, and the second pressure is consistent with the atmospheric pressure.

Preferably, the control module is provided with a pressure stabilizing training mode according to the mode that the second pressure is kept stable, and under the condition that the exhaled gas continuously enters the training cavity and pushes the piston to compress the adjusting cavity, the resistance of the adjusting cavity to the piston is stable and unchanged.

The technical scheme of the prior art based on the elastic element for controlling the expiratory resistance is that the expiratory resistance is increased along with the propulsion of the expiratory process, and is inconsistent with the requirement that the resistance should be kept stable or gradually reduced in respiratory training, so that the burden and pressure of a respiratory trainer are increased, the stable propulsion of the training is not facilitated, and the respiratory resistance control device is not suitable for patients with heart and lung functions in abnormal states. This application is adjusted intracavity pressure through control and is kept unchangeable for the piston receives the gas pressure who adjusts the chamber and keeps unchangeable, and the patient trains under the stable circumstances of resistance, can set for the resistance according to self condition, can adapt to fast, can progressively improve the breathing training of expiration resistance in order to carry out different degrees of difficulty.

Preferably, the control module may set a steady-state training mode in which the stable value is set to a preset multiple of the atmospheric pressure as a measurement mode for checking the training effect, and the maximum stroke of the piston movement in the measurement mode may be used as a basis for judging or assessing the lung capacity of the patient.

Preferably, in the case that the control module is in the stable pressure training mode, the air inlet is filled with air, the calculation unit obtains a first pressure and a second pressure, when the first pressure is increased and pushes the piston to move, the control module controls the third control valve to be partially opened, the adjusting cavity is exhausted, so that the second pressure of the compressed adjusting cavity is kept at a stable value, and the piston moves away from the air inlet.

Preferably, the control module is provided with a follow-up training mode in a manner that the difference between the first pressure and the second pressure is kept constant, so that the exhalation resistance fed back by the adjusting cavity to the piston changes along with the exhalation intensity. The training difficulty can be adaptively changed according to different breathing stages, and the flexibility of breathing training is improved.

The following training mode ensures that the expiratory resistance changes along with the change of the expiratory intensity, namely in the non-uniform expiratory process, the initial expiratory volume is large, the first pressure in the training cavity rapidly increases, the control module controls the second pressure in the adjusting cavity to increase in a mode of keeping a certain difference relative to the first pressure, in the middle and later respiratory period, the expiratory volume is reduced, the first pressure in the training cavity is reduced, and the second pressure in the adjusting cavity is reduced along with the reduction; the mode is suitable for patients with the need of breathing resistance dynamic change, and can also be used for training the explosive force of diaphragm muscles or other breathing muscles; expiratory resistance changes along with expiratory strength for the resistance feedback of big expiratory volume to little expiratory volume transition process is more nimble, avoids feeling of breathing out or the resistance disappearance that causes under the pressure sudden change to feel, promotes the comfort level of breathing training.

Preferably, under the condition that the control module is in the follow-up training mode, the air inlet is filled with air, the calculation unit obtains a first pressure and a second pressure, when the value that the first pressure exceeds the second pressure reaches a first threshold value, the control module controls the second control valve and the third control valve to be kept partially open, the adjusting cavity can be exhausted or inflated, the value that the first pressure exceeds the second pressure is kept the same as the first threshold value, the piston moves in the direction far away from the air inlet, the first threshold value can be adjusted according to the training difficulty, for example, the larger the first threshold value is, the larger the first pressure in the training cavity is, more air is needed to boost the training cavity, and the training difficulty is larger.

Preferably, the control module is provided with a wave training mode in which the second pressure varies between at least two set values at a set frequency, the adjustment chamber feeding back to the piston an oscillating expiratory resistance based on the fluctuating second pressure.

In the fluctuation training mode, the second pressure can be set to a second threshold value and a larger third threshold value, the second pressure of the adjusting cavity can change back and forth between the second threshold value and the third threshold value at a set frequency in the continuous expiration phase of the patient, the resistance fed back to the piston by the adjusting cavity presents a fluctuation form, the second pressure which fluctuates within a set range can transmit oscillating resistance to the breathing process, the expiration resistance of the expiration training presents a continuous change mode of micro overload and micro overload loss around the average resistance, and therefore the expiratory system can train the toughness and endurance of expiratory muscle groups and lungs in a heavy-moderate mode.

Preferably, the control module is provided with a frequency training mode in a mode of combining preset frequencies according to at least two of a stable pressure training mode, a follow-up training mode and a wave training mode of preset times, and the preset times and the preset frequencies can be adjusted on the display screen according to the breathing training intensity.

The expiratory resistance is stable in the pressure stabilizing training mode, the resistance is adjusted simply and quickly, and the patient adapts quickly; following the training mode, the expiratory resistance changes along with the change of the expiratory strength, so that the breathing exercise is realized while the smooth expiration is ensured; the fluctuation training mode provides resistance of fluctuation change, and the resistance can be set in a targeted manner to exercise respiratory muscles and improve respiratory endurance; the frequency training mode integrates the advantages of various training modes, and the various training modes are combined by preset times and preset frequency, so that the level and the change of respiratory training can be improved, and the device has good applicability to recovery training of different respiratory diseases.

Preferably, the display screen can select the training mode based on keys arranged on the display screen and control training parameters in different training modes, and the acousto-optic simulation component can output dynamically changing sound or light shadow based on different training modes or training parameters.

Preferably, the display screen is provided with a dynamic display area for displaying a piston stroke cycle dynamic curve and a ring band surrounding size cycle dynamic curve, wherein the control module can periodically analyze the piston stroke data and the ring band surrounding size data based on the calculation unit, the calculation unit analyzes the time variation curves of the piston stroke data and the ring band surrounding size data, and outputs the cycle dynamic curve containing the piston stroke data and the cycle dynamic curve containing the ring band surrounding size data to the display screen. The cyclic dynamics curve provides a reference for the patient to control the training rhythm while directly presenting the breathing data.

Preferably, the display screen comprises a reference display area for outputting the training completion degree and the evaluation data, and the control module can analyze the historical data of the storage unit based on the calculation unit to obtain the training completion degree and the evaluation data of the patient and output the training completion degree and the evaluation data to the reference display area of the display screen.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a simplified overall structural schematic of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a simplified structural schematic diagram of an exhalation and inhalation passages of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a simplified structural schematic diagram of a training module in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control module connections of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

List of reference numerals

100: a breathing module; 101: a respiratory mask; 1011: a first opening; 1012: a second opening; 1013: a shape memory strip; 1014: a comfort layer; 102: defining an assembly; 103: an exhalation passage; 1031: an exhalation port; 1032: a first unidirectional section; 1033: a fixing ring; 1034: an elastic member; 1035: a baffle plate; 104: a suction channel; 1041: an air suction port; 1042: a second unidirectional section; 1043: a filter layer; 105: a connecting portion; 200: a training module: 201: an air inlet; 202: a one-way valve; 203: a training chamber; 204: an adjustment chamber; 205: a piston; 206: a first control valve; 207: an inflator; 208: a second control valve; 209: a third control valve; 210: a housing; 211: a cavity; 212: a display screen; 213: an acousto-optic analog component; 300: a control module; 302: a first sensor; 303: a second sensor; 304: a third sensor; 305: a fourth sensor; 306: a storage unit; 307: a calculation unit; 308: a communication unit; 309: a monitoring device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The application provides a medical care breathing training device, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising a breathing module 100 with an exhalation passage 103 and an inhalation passage 104 separately arranged, wherein under the condition that the breathing module 100 is connected with the mouth and nose of a patient in a manner that a limiting component 102 is matched with the head of the patient in a shape mode, a breathing cover 101 of the breathing module 100 covers the mouth and nose of the patient based on the shape of the face close to the mouth and nose of the patient, so that the exhalation passage 103 and the inhalation passage 104 can be used as a flow passage of breathing air of the patient.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, in the case that the respiratory mask 101 is provided with a plurality of connection ports, the edge of the respiratory mask 101 for connecting the nose and mouth of the patient is provided with a shape memory strip 1013, so that the shape memory strip 1013 can form a shape fitting the facial curve of the patient based on the external force; the edge of the respiratory mask 101 on the side near the patient's face is provided with a comfort layer 1014. the comfort layer 1014 closing the aperture between the edge of the respiratory mask 101 and the patient's face can relieve the compression force of the shape memory strip 1013 on the patient's face based on its own elasticity.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, in the case that the connection ports of the respiratory mask 101 are respectively connected with the exhalation passage 103 and the inhalation passage 104, the limiting component 102 limits the respiratory mask 101 at the oronasal position of the face of the patient by connecting a plurality of elastic bands respectively arranged at the left and right sides of the respiratory mask 101 by bypassing the head of the patient; the elastic band can be symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the respirator 101, so that the elastic band keeps the breathing of the acting force of the respirator 101 close to the face of a patient, and the respirator 101 can keep symmetrical relative to the central axis of the face of the patient. The respiratory mask 101 establishes a stable connection with the face of the patient based on the combined action of the limiting component 102, the shape memory strip 1013 and the comfort layer 1014, can be suitable for a scene that the breathing training of the patient needs the body action to be matched, liberates both hands, can be worn for a long time, and has wider applicability compared with the technical scheme of limiting the breathing apparatus by means of hand assistance in the prior art.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, in the case that the first opening 1011 of the respiratory mask 101 is connected with the exhalation passage 103, the exhalation passage 103 for circulating the exhaled gas of the patient is provided with a first one-way joint 1032 in a manner that the gas can be outputted to the training module 200 in one way; the first one-way link 1032 comprises a fixed ring 1033 connected with the exhalation passage 103 and provided with an opening, one side of the fixed ring 1033 away from the face of the patient is provided with a baffle 1035, and the baffle 1035 for forming a baffle for blocking the exhalation passage 103 by matching with the fixed ring 1033 is connected with the fixed ring 1033 through a plurality of elastic pieces 1034; in the case where the baffle 1035 is capable of being connected to the fixing ring 1033 and moving relative to the fixing ring 1033 based on the elastic member 1034, the exhaled air moves in the exhalation passage 103 in a direction away from the patient's face, and the exhaled air pushes the baffle 1035 to move in a direction away from the patient's face, so that the baffle 1035 attached to the fixing ring 1033 based on the pre-compressed elastic member 1034 is separated from the fixing ring 1033 and forms a passage through which the exhaled air can flow.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, in the case where the second openings 1012 of the respiratory mask 101 are connected to the inhalation passages 104 provided on both sides of the respiratory mask 101, the inhalation passage 104 for passing the inhaled gas of the patient is provided with second one-way joints 1042 in such a manner as to enable one-way gas supply to the respiratory mask 101, and in the case where the fixing ring 1033 provided on the inner surface of the inhalation passage 104 is configured in the shape of an intermediate opening, the baffle 1035 is connected to the side of the fixing ring 1033 close to the face of the patient via the pre-compressed elastic member 1034 in such a manner as to enable only the inhaled gas to flow in the direction close to the face of the patient, so that the baffle 1035 moves in the direction close to the face of the patient based on the pressure difference and forms a passage through which the inhaled gas flows.

Preferably, the pre-compression spring force of the resilient member 1034 is small, so that a small pressure difference across the baffle 1035 can push the baffle 1035 to move relative to the fixed ring 1033, for example, a pressure difference across the baffle 1035 of 1 kpa to 3kpa can push the baffle 1035 to move relative to the fixed ring 1033.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the two groups of inhalation channels 104 are respectively connected to the second openings 1012 arranged on both sides of the respiratory mask 101, so that the inhalation ports 1041 can inhale fresh air on both sides simultaneously, sufficient oxygen supply is maintained, and the sustainability of the breathing training is improved, and the filter layer 1043 is arranged in the inhalation channel 104 near the inhalation ports 1041, so as to adsorb dust and impurities in the inhaled air and improve the breathing quality.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the first opening 1011 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second opening 1012, so that the pressure of the exhaled air in the exhalation passage 103 can be maintained at a high level, ensuring continuity of the air supply to the training module 200.

The breathing module 100 is detachably connected with the training module 200 through a connecting part 105 with adjustable length, the connecting part 105 is configured as a stretchable or compressible corrugated pipe, one end of the connecting part 105, close to the breathing mask 101, is detachably connected with an exhalation passage 103 of the exhalation passage 103, one end of the connecting part 105, close to the training module 200, is detachably connected with the air inlet 201, so that the breathing module 100 and the training module 200 can be conveniently and quickly assembled or disassembled, and cleaning and disinfection are facilitated.

As shown in FIG. 1, the training module 200 comprises a housing 210 with a cavity 211, a display screen 212 is arranged on one side of the housing close to the patient, the display screen 212 for displaying training information can be used for man-machine interaction based on keys, and an acousto-optic simulation assembly 213 is arranged around the display screen 212.

As shown in fig. 3, in the case where the cavity 211 is partitioned into the training chamber 203 and the adjustment chamber 204 by the piston 205, the training chamber 203 for accommodating the exhaled gas of the patient may push the piston 205 toward the adjustment chamber 204 based on the increase of the exhaled gas, so that the adjustment chamber 204 adjusts the reaction force to the piston 205 based on the change of the gas pressure in the adjustment chamber 204.

Under the condition that the gas exhaled by the patient can flow to the gas inlet 201 through the connecting part 105, the one-way valve 202 is arranged in the middle of the pipeline arranged between the training cavity 203 and the gas inlet 201, so that the exhaled gas can only flow to the training cavity 203 in one direction, and the gas pressure in the training cavity 203 is prevented from being influenced by the gas tightness problem of the gas inlet 201 or the connecting part 105.

As shown in fig. 3, the training chamber 203 is provided with a first control valve 206 for rapidly deflating the training chamber 203, the regulating chamber 204 is provided with a second control valve 208 and a third control valve 209 for controlling the gas pressure in the regulating chamber 204, and the regulating chamber 204 can control the amount of gas entering the regulating chamber 204 and the amount of gas exiting the regulating chamber 204 through the second control valve 208 and the third control valve 209, respectively, so that the gas pressure in the regulating chamber 204 can be finely controlled.

In the case where the gas pressure of the training chamber 203 can be changed based on the gas inlet 201 and the first control valve 206, the first sensor 302 is provided at a position within the training chamber 203 that does not affect the movement of the piston 205, so that the first sensor 302 can detect the gas pressure of the training chamber 203 in real time; in the case where the gas pressure of the regulation chamber 204 can be changed based on the second control valve 208 and the third control valve 209, a second sensor 303 for detecting the gas pressure in real time is provided in the regulation chamber 204; in the case where the piston 205 is movable within the cavity 211, the side wall of the cavity 211 is provided with a third sensor 304 for detecting the stroke of the piston 205 within the cavity 211.

The control module 300 comprises a cuff arranged on the surface of the patient's chest, the cuff for defining at least one fourth sensor 305 on the surface of the patient's chest being adapted to establish a stable connection with patients of different sizes based on the adjustment, the fourth sensor 305 being arranged on the side of the cuff adjacent to the surface of the patient's skin in such a way that it is able to measure periodically varying data generated by the patient's respiratory movements.

As shown in fig. 4, the control module 300 is electrically connected to the first sensor 302 in such a way that a first pressure of the gas in the training chamber 203 can be obtained, and the control module 300 is electrically connected to the first control valve 206 in such a way that the opening degree of the first control valve 206 can be controlled; the control module 300 is electrically connected with the second sensor 303 in a mode of acquiring a second pressure of the gas in the regulating cavity 204, and the control module 300 is electrically connected with the second regulating valve and the third regulating valve in a mode of controlling the amount of the gas entering or exiting the regulating cavity 204; the control module 300 is electrically connected to the third sensor 304 in such a way as to obtain data on the position of the piston 205 moving within the cavity 211; the control module 300 is electrically connected to the fourth sensor 305 in such a way that periodic data generated by the patient's chest breathing can be acquired.

The control module 300 includes a computing unit 307 for analyzing the acquired data and outputting a control command, the storage unit 306 is electrically connected to the computing unit 307 in a manner capable of storing the data and the control command, the data of the storage unit 306 or the computing unit 307 can be transmitted to the monitoring device 309 through the communication unit 308, and the monitoring device 309 can be a cloud server or an intelligent terminal.

In the case where the patient introduces the exhaled breath into the training chamber 203, the control module 300 is provided with a plurality of training modes in such a manner that the data acquired by the first to fourth sensors 302 to 305 are analyzed by the calculation unit 307 and the control command is output, so that the adjustment chamber 204 of the training module 200 feeds back different exhalation resistances to the piston 205 based on the different training modes.

As shown in FIG. 3, in particular, the amount of gas introduced into the training chamber 203 from the gas inlet 201 is dv ₁ The amount of gas introduced into the regulation chamber 204 by the second control valve 208 is dv ₂ Controlled by a thirdThe amount of gas that the valve 209 conducts out of the regulating chamber 204 is dv ₃ The first pressure measured by the first sensor 302 in the training chamber 203 is P ₁ The second pressure P measured by the second sensor 303 in the regulation chamber 204 is ₂ The stroke of the piston 205 detected by the third sensor 304 is H, and the periodic variation data detected by the fourth sensor 305 is L.

At the initial state of a single training, the first pressure P ₁ And a second pressure P ₂ Maintain the atmospheric pressure P with the outside ₀ In unison, the piston 205 is located at a position near the intake port 201, and the first to third control valves 206 to 209 are closed; during a single training session, the training chamber 203 is inflated to a first pressure P ₁ Greater than the second pressure P ₂ The second pressure P is generated by compressing the adjusting cavity 204 against the motion resistance of the piston 205 ₂ Maintaining the first pressure P based on the control module 300 ₁ The difference of (a) is constant; first pressure P at the end of a single training session ₁ Is reduced to the second pressure P ₂ In unison, the piston 205 is located away from the intake port 201; the reset process begins by opening the first control valve 206 at a first pressure P ₁ To atmospheric pressure P ₀ In unison, the third control valve 209 is closed, the second control valve 208 is opened to charge the regulated chamber 204, and the second pressure P ₂ Greater than the first pressure P ₁ The push piston 205 is reset, the second control valve 208 is closed, the third control valve 209 is opened, and the second pressure P ₂ To atmospheric pressure P ₀ And (5) the consistency is achieved.

Preferably, the control module 300 regulates the second pressure P ₂ The stable keeping mode is provided with a stable training mode. During training, the pressure P in the chamber 204 is adjusted ₂ The air pressure of the piston 205 in the adjusting cavity 204 is kept constant, so that the device is suitable for impedance breathing training with different difficulties.

In the case where the control module 300 is in the steady-pressure training mode, the intake air amount of the intake port 201 is dv1, and the calculation unit 307 acquires P ₁ And P ₂ When P is ₁ When the pressure increases and pushes the piston 205 to move, the control module 300 controls the third control valve 209 to be partially opened, and the exhaust volume of the adjustment chamber 204 is dv ₃ So that the P2 of the compressed regulating cavity 204 is kept stableAt a constant value, the piston 205 moves away from the inlet port 201. The stable value can be adjusted according to the training difficulty, for example, the stable value range can be set to 1.0-5.0 times of the atmospheric pressure P ₀ 。

Preferably, the control module 300 can stabilize the value to 1.1 times P ₀ The steady-pressure training mode of (2) is used as a measuring mode for testing the training effect, and in the measuring mode, the maximum stroke of the movement of the piston 205 can be used as a basis for judging the respiratory capacity of the patient.

Preferably, the control module 300 regulates the first pressure P ₁ And a second pressure P ₂ The way in which the difference of (c) is kept constant is set to follow the training pattern. During the training process, the second pressure P in the chamber 204 is adjusted ₂ Following the first pressure P in the training chamber 203 ₁ The training difficulty can be adaptively changed according to different breathing stages, and the flexibility of breathing training is improved.

In the case where the control module 300 is in the follow-training mode, the intake air amount of the intake port 201 is dv1, and the calculation unit 307 acquires P ₁ And P ₂ When P is ₁ Exceeds P ₂ When the value of (d) reaches the first threshold value, the control module 300 controls the second control valve 208 and the third control valve 209 to remain partially open, and the intake air amount of the regulation chamber 204 is dv ₂ The displacement of the regulation chamber 204 is dv ₃ So that P is ₁ Exceeds P ₂ Is the same as the first threshold value, the piston 205 is moved away from the inlet 201, the first threshold value can be adjusted according to the training difficulty, for example, the larger the first threshold value is, the first pressure P in the training chamber 203 ₁ The greater the difficulty of moving the piston 205. The inflation of the second control valve 208 into the regulating chamber originates from an inflator 207 arranged inside the housing 210.

Preferably, the control module 300 is provided with a wave training mode in which the second pressure is increased and then decreased or is continuously increased and decreased, and in the case where the piston 205 compresses the adjustment chamber 204 based on the exhaled gas, the resistance of the adjustment chamber 204 to the piston 205 varies with the variation of the second pressure. In the fluctuation training mode, in the initial stage of expiration, the expiration resistance gradually increases along with the compression of the adjusting cavity 204 by the piston 205, in the development stage of expiration, the gas pressure in the adjusting cavity 204 gradually decreases after reaching a set maximum value, and in the final stage of expiration, the gas pressure in the adjusting cavity is lower, and the expiration resistance is also lower; the wave training mode can ensure proper expiratory resistance in different expiration phases and can better assist the recovery of the cardiopulmonary function of a patient. Meanwhile, the second pressure can also be increased or decreased in a fluctuating mode, so that the respiratory resistance in the fluctuating mode can be used for carrying out targeted training on respiratory muscles, and the respiratory endurance is improved.

Preferably, the control module 300 is configured with a frequency training mode according to at least two of a preset number of times of stable-pressure training mode, a follow-up training mode and a wave training mode, which are combined at a preset frequency, and the preset number and the preset frequency can be adjusted on the display screen 212 according to the breathing training intensity.

For example, the stable pressure training mode and the follow-up training mode are alternately performed, the stable pressure training mode is relatively more difficult to train, after the stable pressure training is performed for the preset times at the preset frequency, the stable pressure training mode is converted into the follow-up training mode, the breathing intensity is reduced, the breathing fatigue can be relieved, and the stable pressure training mode is switched to after the follow-up training is performed for the preset times, so that the stable pressure training mode is suitable for the slow breathing training of the medium-low frequency; the fluctuation training mode and the following training mode are alternately carried out, the fluctuation training mode can set a higher pressure threshold value to train the explosive force at the initial expiration stage, and the following training mode is switched over after a plurality of times of fluctuation training, so that the low-frequency quick expiration training device is suitable for low-frequency quick expiration training.

Preferably, the display screen 212 may select a training mode and control training parameters in different training modes based on the keys provided on the display screen 212, and the acousto-optic simulation component 213 may output dynamically changing sounds or light and shadows based on different training modes or training parameters. For example, the display screen 212 is provided with a training mode switching key for switching between a steady-voltage training mode, a follow-up training mode, or a frequency training mode; the display screen 212 is provided with a plurality of functional keys which can be used for adjusting parameters such as a second pressure stabilizing value, a first threshold value, a preset multiple, a preset frequency and the like; the keys can be physical keys or touch screen keys; the acousto-optic simulation component 213 can be provided with multiple preset schemes, can be switched or selected based on the display screen 212, can realize flexible selection of diversified schemes, and enhances the interest and participation sense of the breathing training.

Preferably, the control module 300 can periodically analyze the piston 205 stroke data H and the envelope size data L based on the calculation unit 307. The control module 300 acquires the stroke data H of the piston 205 changing with time and the data L of the ring belt surrounding size data changing with time, and the calculation unit 307 analyzes the time change curves of the stroke H and the surrounding size L of the piston 205 and outputs a first period of the stroke data H and a second period of the surrounding size data L of the piston 205.

Preferably, the display screen 212 distinguishes different training modes according to different background colors, the display screen 212 is provided with a dynamic display area, an ideal curve and a real-time curve can be set in the dynamic display area, the ideal curve displays a preset frequency and an ideal stroke on the display screen 212 in a dynamic mode based on the current breathing training mode of the control module 300, the real-time curve dynamically displays the real-time frequency and stroke data acquired by the control module 300 and historical data of the storage unit 306 on the display screen 212, and reference or adjustment basis can be provided for a patient.

Preferably, the display screen 212 includes a reference display area for outputting the training completion and the evaluation data, and the control module 300 may analyze the historical data of the storage unit 306 based on the calculation unit 307 to obtain the training completion and the evaluation data of the patient, and output the training completion and the evaluation data to the reference display area of the display screen 212.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Breathing training aid for medical care, characterized in that it comprises a breathing module (100) provided with an exhalation passage (103) and an inhalation passage (104) separately from each other, wherein the exhalation passage (103) and the inhalation passage (104) can alternatively be opened or closed;

the breathing module (100) for unidirectional fresh air introduction into the nose and mouth of a patient is connected to the training module (200) in such a way that exhaled air of the patient can be unidirectionally introduced into the training module (200), wherein, in the case of respiratory training of the patient via the exhalation channel (103), the control module (300) executes a respiratory training program in such a way that the training module (200) feeds back an adjustable resistance to the exhaled air.

2. The training device according to claim 1, wherein the breathing module (100) is further provided with a breathing mask (101), the breathing mask (101) being in parallel connected to the inhalation channel (104) and the exhalation channel (103), the exhalation channel (103) and the inhalation channel (104) being alternatively openable or closable by means of an adjustment mechanism provided in the breathing mask (101), wherein the adjustment mechanism is operable to perform an alternative opening or closing operation by detecting the breathing pressure of the patient.

3. The trainer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the trainer is provided with a number of sensors in data connection with the control module (300), wherein,

a first sensor (302) is arranged on the training module (200) to detect the pressure of the exhaled gas, and the first sensor is determined as a first pressure by the control module (300) to represent the actual pressure of the current exhaled gas;

a second sensor (303) is arranged on the training module (200) to detect the expiratory feedback resistance and is determined by the control module (300) as a second pressure to represent the actual expiratory resistance fed back to the expiratory gas by the training module (200);

a third sensor (304) is arranged on the training module (200) to detect the single exhalation gas quantity, and the control module (300) calculates the single exhalation gas quantity under the standard state through the first pressure and the second pressure;

a fourth sensor (305) is positioned on the surface of the patient's chest to detect fluctuations in circumference size and the respiratory cycle is calculated by the control module (300).

4. The trainer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the control module (300) configures a regulated training mode in a manner to track the first pressure so as to maintain the second pressure stable, wherein,

when the first pressure is less than the second pressure, not changing the second pressure; when the first pressure is greater than the second pressure, the training module (200) feeds back a stable exhalation resistance to exhaled gas based on the second pressure that remains stable by adjusting the exhalation channel (103) of the breathing module (100) and/or the training module (200) to maintain the first pressure equal to the second pressure.

5. The trainer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the control module (300) is provided with a follow-up training mode in such a way that the difference between the first pressure and the second pressure remains constant, and when the first pressure changes first in an expiratory phase, the second pressure changes first in an increasing and decreasing way by keeping a constant difference with the first pressure, so that the expiratory resistance fed back by the training module (200) changes following the expiratory intensity.

6. The trainer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the control module (300) is provided with a fluctuating training mode in which the second pressure is ramped between at least two set points at preset time intervals, the training module (200) feeding back an oscillating varying expiratory resistance to the exhaled breath based on the fluctuating second pressure.

7. The trainer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the control module (300) is provided with a frequency training mode in a combination of a preset time interval and/or a preset order according to at least two of the steady-state training mode, the follow-up training mode and the wave training mode for a preset number of times, the preset time interval and/or the preset order combination being adjustable according to the breathing training intensity.

8. The trainer as claimed in claim 7, wherein the steady-state training mode, the follow-up training mode and the wave training mode are selectively set by the control module (300) in dependence on the single exhalation volume and/or the breathing cycle obtained by the third sensor (304) and/or the fourth sensor (305).

9. The training device according to claim 3, wherein the control module (300) processes and displays the data acquired by the first sensor (302) to the fourth sensor (305) in a picture or sound manner,

the control module (300) presents a reference curve to the patient based on preset parameters of a training mode and the breathing cycle, the first pressure and the second pressure being set to a continuously varying real-time curve based on the breathing cycle, such that the patient can compare the reference curve with the real-time curve to obtain a training guidance.

10. The trainer as claimed in claim 9, wherein the ratio of the integrated area of the real-time curve to the integrated area of the reference curve over a plurality of the breath cycles and/or the single breath volume based on the variation data of the breath cycles can be used as the breath training quality evaluation index.