CN114948389A - Steel wire traction device for lower limb bones in orthopedics department - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an orthopedic lower limb steel wire traction device which comprises a steel wire traction rope, a thigh bracket and a shank bracket, wherein the shank bracket is rotatably connected to one end of the thigh bracket, a rotatable traction angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at one end, away from the shank bracket, of the thigh bracket, a fixed pulley is arranged on the traction angle adjusting mechanism, a guide pulley is arranged below the traction angle adjusting mechanism, the guide pulley is fixed on the shank bracket, a steel wire traction rope one-way locking mechanism is arranged below the guide pulley, and the steel wire traction rope passes through the steel wire traction rope one-way locking mechanism after passing around the fixed pulley and the guide pulley. The invention has simple structure, adjustable traction angle and traction weight, can effectively keep traction on the lower limb bone, is convenient to use and has good stability and flexibility.

Description

Steel wire traction device for lower limb bones in orthopedics department

Technical Field

The invention relates to an orthopedic traction device, in particular to an orthopedic lower limb bone steel wire traction device.

Background

In orthopaedics, distraction refers to a therapeutic procedure in which a broken end of a fracture is straightened by a series of mechanical devices to maintain alignment and release pressure from the spine or other skeletal system. The bone traction can be divided into skin traction and bone traction.

Lower limb traction is widely applied, and traction is required from femoral neck fracture, intertrochanteric fracture, femoral fracture, tibiofibular fracture and the like. For lower limb fractures, both traction methods can be applied: skin traction is used for temporary fixation or preoperative stabilization; while bone traction is often used for the therapeutic measures of patients contraindicated in surgery.

For example, chinese patent No. CN201578407U, entitled bulletin No. 2010, 9/15/2010, discloses a medical automatic tractor, which comprises a thigh bracket, a shank bracket, a pulley and a spring, wherein the shank bracket is connected with the thigh bracket, an arc bracket is sleeved in the thigh bracket sleeve, the support frame is provided with the pulley, the shank bracket is provided with a fixed pulley, a hand wheel and a fixed pulley, a steel wire is connected with the fixed pulley, the hand wheel and the fixed pulley, the spring frame is provided with a pointer and a movable pulley, the pointer moves on a dial, the hand wheel controls the traction distance between the steel wire and a patient skeleton, the spring automatically pulls the medical automatic tractor, the lower end of the shank bracket is provided with four sliding rods, the sliding rods are sleeved on the shank bracket support legs, and the four sliding rods are fixedly connected by pins. The automatic tractor belongs to a Brown frame and has the following defects: (1) the traction angle of the steel wire cannot be adjusted, and the actual use requirement cannot be met; (2) the steel wire is pulled by a spring, the spring is elastic and stretchable, when a patient changes/shifts body positions, the lower limb can pull the steel wire upwards to stretch the spring, so that the traction angle and traction force are changed (traction on the lower limb bone cannot be effectively maintained), and the fracture is displaced; (3) the traction weight is only applied through the spring, and under the condition that the traction distance is fixed and unchanged, the traction weight cannot be adjusted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the traction device in the prior art, and provides the orthopedic lower limb bone steel wire traction device which is simple in structure, adjustable in traction angle and traction weight, capable of effectively keeping traction on lower limb bones, convenient to use and good in stability and flexibility.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention relates to an orthopedic lower limb bone steel wire traction device which comprises a traction steel wire, a thigh bracket and a shank bracket, wherein the shank bracket is rotatably connected to one end of the thigh bracket, a rotatable traction angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at one end of the thigh bracket, which is far away from the shank bracket, a fixed pulley is arranged on the traction angle adjusting mechanism, a guide pulley is arranged below the traction angle adjusting mechanism, the guide pulley is fixed on the shank bracket, a traction steel wire one-way locking mechanism is arranged below the guide pulley, and the traction steel wire passes through the traction steel wire one-way locking mechanism after passing through the fixed pulley and the guide pulley. The invention is an optimized and improved Brown frame, and aims to solve the problem that the traction angle of a traction steel wire is not adjustable when the existing traction frame is used, the invention designs a traction angle adjusting mechanism, and the height of a fixed pulley can be adjusted through the traction angle adjusting mechanism, so that the traction angle of the traction steel wire can be adjusted, and different fracture parts (such as upper bones of femoral ankles, tibial tuberosities, calcaneal tuberosities and the like) can be conveniently dragged; one end of the traction steel wire is connected with a traction part of a patient (through a bandage and the like), and the other end is hung with a suspension weight (such as a weight and the like); the traction steel wire is rigid and can not be stretched, the one-way locking mechanism can enable the traction force generated by the suspended heavy object to act on the traction part, meanwhile, the traction force can be adjusted by adjusting the weight of the suspended heavy object, the traction steel wire can be locked in one way, when a patient changes/shifts the body position, the traction steel wire can not be pulled upwards, and the traction angle and the traction force of the traction steel wire can be kept (namely, the traction on the lower limb bone can be effectively kept).

As preferred, pull angle guiding mechanism and include U type rotating bracket and spacing support screw, two side arm tip and the shank bracket rotation that the U type rotating bracket was connected, fixed pulley fixes at U type rotating bracket's top, be fixed with the mounting bracket on the side arm of U type rotating bracket, be equipped with the fixed axle on the shank bracket, be equipped with the U type on the fixed axle and press from both sides, spacing support screw upper end is rotated with the mounting bracket and is connected, and spacing support screw lower extreme passes the U type and presss from both sides and press from both sides tight solid link with the U type through the lock nut that is located the U type and presss from both sides. The U-shaped clamp and the limiting support screw rod can rotate around the fixed shaft by loosening the locking nut, so that the U-shaped rotating bracket rotates to adjust the position of the fixed pulley, and the aim of adjusting the traction angle of the traction steel wire is fulfilled; the traction angle adjusting mechanism in the application is simple in structure, convenient to adjust and good in stability.

Preferably, a U-shaped connecting piece is fixed on the mounting frame, and the upper end of the limiting support screw is rotatably connected with the U-shaped connecting piece through a pin shaft.

Preferably, the traction steel wire unidirectional locking mechanism comprises a shell, a jacking ball seat and a lower end cover, the lower end of the shell is open, a first traction steel wire hole is formed in the top end of the shell, a conical extrusion surface is arranged on the upper portion of the inner wall of the shell, the jacking ball seat comprises a ball limiting bowl and a seat body, the ball limiting bowl is in a hollow round platform shape, the seat body is in a cylindrical shape, the ball limiting bowl is fixed on the seat body, a second traction steel wire hole is formed in the ball limiting bowl, a third steel wire traction hole is formed in the seat body, at least three positioning sliding grooves are formed in the outer wall surface of the ball limiting bowl at intervals along the circumferential direction, locking balls are arranged in the positioning sliding grooves, a fourth steel wire traction hole is formed in the lower end cover, the traction steel wire penetrates through the first traction steel wire hole, the second traction steel wire hole, the third steel wire traction hole and the fourth steel wire traction hole, a jacking spring is arranged between the seat body and the end cover, when the jacking spring jacks upwards, the tapered extrusion surface extrudes the lock bead to lock the lock bead to the traction steel wire. The traction steel wire applies a fixed traction force to the traction part of the lower limb under the action of a suspension weight (such as a weight and the like), meanwhile, under the action of a jacking spring, a jacking ball seat upwards supports a locking ball, a conical extrusion surface extrudes the locking ball to fold the locking ball so as to lock the traction steel wire, if a patient changes/shifts the posture, the locking ball ascends along a positioning chute under the driving of the traction steel wire when the lower limb pulls the traction steel wire upwards, the locking ball cannot ascend only by being limited by the inside and the outside of the traction steel wire (inside) and the conical extrusion surface (outside), and under the reaction force of the conical extrusion surface, the locking ball is further folded to lock the traction steel wire, in other words, the traction steel wire is pulled upwards, the locking ball is the locking steel wire, so that the traction steel wire cannot be pulled upwards through the traction steel wire unidirectional locking mechanism of the invention, it is possible to keep the traction wire in active traction.

Preferably, the lower end of the seat body is provided with a spring limiting cavity, the lower end cover is provided with a spring limiting convex ring, the fourth steel wire traction hole is located in the spring limiting convex ring, the upper end of the jacking spring is located in the spring limiting cavity, and the lower end of the jacking spring is sleeved outside the spring limiting convex ring.

Preferably, the edge of the lower end of the seat body is provided with a guide flange, and the guide flange is matched with the inner wall of the shell in a sliding manner. The guiding flanging ensures that the jacking ball seat can linearly lift in the vertical direction, and the clamping of the jacking ball seat is avoided.

Preferably, the traction steel wire one-way locking mechanism further comprises a pull rod, the pull rod penetrates through the lower end cover and is in sliding connection with the lower end cover, the upper end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with the guide flanging, and the lower end of the pull rod is fixedly provided with a grabbing ring. The pulling rod is pulled downwards, so that the jacking bead seat descends to scatter the locking beads, the locking beads loosen the traction steel wire at the moment, and the traction steel wire can be pulled to adjust the traction distance of the traction steel wire.

Preferably, a first extension rod and a second extension rod are fixed on one side, away from the thigh bracket, of the shank bracket, the second extension rod is located below the first extension rod, the guide pulley is fixed at one end, away from the shank bracket, of the first extension rod, and the shell is fixed at one end, away from the shank bracket, of the second extension rod.

Preferably, the thigh bracket comprises an upper frame and a lower frame, insertion pipes are fixed to the lower portions of four corners of the upper frame, sleeves are fixed to the upper portions of the four corners of the lower frame, the insertion pipes are in insertion fit with the sleeves and are fastened through set screws, first leg supporting cloth is arranged on the upper frame, the fixing shaft is arranged between the sleeves far away from one side of the shank bracket, a first fixing cross rod and a second fixing cross rod are further fixed between the sleeves far away from one side of the shank bracket, one end, close to the shank bracket, of the first extension rod is fixedly connected with the first fixing cross rod, and one end, close to the shank bracket, of the second extension rod is fixedly connected with the second fixing cross rod.

Preferably, the shank bracket comprises a U-shaped sleeve and a U-shaped insertion pipe, two side arms of the U-shaped insertion pipe are in insertion fit with the two side arms of the U-shaped sleeve and are fastened through a set screw, second leg supporting cloth is arranged on the U-shaped sleeve, and two sides of the bottom of the U-shaped insertion pipe are rotatably connected with the shank bracket through the matching of a connecting lug and a pin shaft.

Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: simple structure, adjustable traction angle and traction weight, convenient use, good stability and flexibility, and can effectively keep traction on the lower limb bone.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a right side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the calf support.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the pull wire one-way locking mechanism.

In the figure: the device comprises a traction steel wire 1, a fixed pulley 2, a guide pulley 3, a U-shaped rotating bracket 4, a limit support screw 5, a mounting frame 6, a fixed shaft 7, a U-shaped clamp 8, a lock nut 9, a U-shaped connecting piece 10, a shell 11, a lower end cover 12, a first traction steel wire hole 13, a conical extrusion surface 14, a ball limit bowl 15, a seat body 16, a second traction steel wire hole 17, a third steel wire traction hole 18, a positioning chute 19, a lock ball 20, a fourth steel wire traction hole 21, a jacking spring 22, a spring limit cavity 23, a spring limit convex ring 24, a guide flange 25, a pull rod 26, a grab ring 27, a first extension rod 28, a second extension rod 29, an upper frame 30, a lower frame 31, an insertion pipe 32, a sleeve 33, a set screw 34, a first leg supporting cloth 35, a first fixed cross rod 36, a second fixed cross rod 37, a U-shaped sleeve 38, a U-shaped insertion pipe 39, a second leg supporting cloth 40, a connecting lug 41 and a sickbed 42, a weight 43.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the orthopedic lower limb bone steel wire traction device comprises a traction steel wire 1, a thigh bracket and a shank bracket, wherein the thigh bracket comprises an upper frame 30 and a lower frame 31, insertion tubes 32 are fixed at the lower parts of four corners of the upper frame, sleeves 33 are fixed at the upper parts of four corners of the lower frame, the insertion tubes are in insertion fit with the sleeves and are fastened through fastening screws 34, first leg supporting cloth 35 is arranged on the upper frame, a fixed shaft 7, a first fixed cross bar 36 and a second fixed cross bar 37 are fixed between the sleeves at one side far away from the shank bracket, and a U-shaped clamp 8 (shown in fig. 3) is arranged on the fixed shaft; the shank bracket comprises a U-shaped sleeve 38 and a U-shaped insertion tube 39 (shown in figure 4), two side arms of the U-shaped insertion tube are in plug fit with the two side arms of the U-shaped sleeve and are fastened through a set screw, second leg supporting cloth 40 is arranged on the U-shaped sleeve, and two sides of the bottom of the U-shaped insertion tube are rotatably connected with the upper frame through matching of a connecting lug 41 and a pin shaft; a rotatable traction angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at one end, away from the calf bracket, of the upper frame, and comprises a U-shaped rotating support 4 and a limiting support screw 5, the end parts of two side arms of the U-shaped rotating support are rotatably connected with the calf bracket, a fixed pulley 2 is fixed at the top of the U-shaped rotating support, an installation frame 6 is fixed on the side arms of the U-shaped rotating support, a U-shaped connecting piece 10 is fixed on the installation frame, the upper end of the limiting support screw is rotatably connected with the U-shaped connecting piece through a pin shaft, and the lower end of the limiting support screw penetrates through the U-shaped clamp and is fixedly connected with the U-shaped clamp through locking nuts 9 positioned at two sides of the U-shaped clamp; the first fixed cross bar is fixedly connected with a first extension rod 28, and the outer end of the first extension rod is fixed with a guide pulley 3; a second extension rod 29 is fixedly connected to the second fixed cross rod 37, a traction steel wire unidirectional locking mechanism is arranged at the outer end of the second extension rod, the traction steel wire unidirectional locking mechanism comprises a shell 11, a jacking ball seat, a lower end cover 12 and a pull rod 26 (shown in figure 5), the shell is fixed at one end of the second extension rod, which is far away from the shank bracket, the lower end of the shell is open, a first traction steel wire hole 13 is arranged at the top end of the shell, a conical extrusion surface 14 is arranged at the upper part of the inner wall of the shell, the jacking ball seat comprises a ball limiting bowl 15 and a seat body 16, the ball limiting bowl is in a hollow round table shape, the seat body is in a cylindrical shape, a spring limiting cavity 23 is arranged at the lower end of the seat body, a spring limiting convex ring 24 is arranged on the lower end cover, a guide flange 25 is arranged at the edge of the lower end of the seat body, the guide flange is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the shell, the pull rod passes through the lower end cover and is in sliding connection with the lower end cover, the upper end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with the guide flange, a grab ring 27 is fixed at the lower end of the pull rod, the ball limiting bowl is fixed on the seat body, a second traction steel wire hole 17 is arranged on the ball limiting bowl, a third steel wire traction hole 18 is arranged on the seat body, three positioning chutes 20 are arranged on the outer wall surface of the ball limiting bowl at intervals along the circumferential direction, locking balls 20 are arranged in the positioning chutes, a fourth steel wire traction hole 21 is arranged on the lower end cover, a traction steel wire passes through the first traction steel wire hole, the second traction steel wire hole, the third steel wire traction hole and the fourth steel wire traction hole, the fourth steel wire traction hole is positioned in the spring limiting convex ring, a jacking spring 22 is arranged between the seat body and the end cover, the upper end of the jacking spring is positioned in the spring limiting cavity, the lower end of the jacking spring is sleeved outside the spring limiting convex ring, the traction steel wire passes through the fixed pulley and the guide pulley, the steel wire passes through the first traction steel wire hole, the second traction steel wire hole, the third steel wire traction hole and the fourth steel wire traction hole, when the jacking spring jacks upwards the seat body, the conical extrusion surface extrudes the lock bead to enable the lock bead to lock the traction steel wire.

The using method of the invention comprises the following steps: the invention is stably placed on a sickbed 42, the thigh of a patient is placed on a thigh bracket, the shank of the patient is placed on a shank bracket, and the position of the patient is adjusted; after the position of the U-shaped rotating bracket is adjusted according to the traction angle, the traction steel wire is wound on the fixed pulley and the guide pulley and then passes through the traction steel wire one-way locking mechanism; and finally, connecting one end of the traction steel wire with the lower limb bone traction part, and hanging a weight 43 on the other end of the traction steel wire according to the traction weight required by the lower limb bone traction part.

The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an orthopedics low limbs bone steel wire draw gear, is including drawing steel wire (1), thigh bracket and shank bracket, the shank bracket rotates the one end of connecting at the thigh bracket, a serial communication port, the one end that the shank bracket was kept away from to the thigh bracket is equipped with rotatable angle of traction guiding adjustment mechanism, be equipped with fixed pulley (2) on drawing angle of traction guiding adjustment mechanism, it leads positive pulley (3) to be provided with below the angle of traction guiding adjustment mechanism, lead positive pulley and fix on the shank bracket, it is equipped with the one-way locking mechanism of traction steel wire to lead positive pulley below, the traction steel wire walks around fixed pulley and leads and wears out from the one-way locking mechanism of traction steel wire behind the positive pulley.

2. The orthopedic lower limb bone steel wire traction device according to claim 1, wherein the traction angle adjusting mechanism comprises a U-shaped rotating support (4) and a limit support screw (5), the two side arm ends of the U-shaped rotating support are rotatably connected with a lower leg bracket, the fixed pulley is fixed at the top of the U-shaped rotating support, a mounting frame (6) is fixed on the side arms of the U-shaped rotating support, a fixed shaft (7) is arranged on the lower leg bracket, a U-shaped clamp (8) is arranged on the fixed shaft, the upper end of the limit support screw is rotatably connected with the mounting frame, and the lower end of the limit support screw passes through the U-shaped clamp and is fixedly connected with the U-shaped clamp through locking nuts (9) arranged at the two sides of the U-shaped clamp.

3. The orthopaedic lower limb bone steel wire traction device according to claim 2, wherein a U-shaped connecting piece (10) is fixed on the mounting frame, and the upper end of the limiting support screw is rotatably connected with the U-shaped connecting piece through a pin shaft.

4. The orthopaedic lower limb bone steel wire traction device according to claim 1, wherein the traction steel wire unidirectional locking mechanism comprises a housing (11), a jacking ball seat and a lower end cover (12), the lower end of the housing is open, a first traction steel wire hole (13) is formed in the top end of the housing, a conical extrusion surface (14) is formed on the upper portion of the inner wall of the housing, the jacking ball seat comprises a ball limiting bowl (15) and a seat body (16), the ball limiting bowl is hollow round, the seat body is cylindrical, the ball limiting bowl is fixed on the seat body, a second traction steel wire hole (17) is formed in the ball limiting bowl, a third steel wire traction hole (18) is formed in the seat body, at least three positioning chutes (19) are formed in the outer wall surface of the ball limiting bowl at intervals along the circumferential direction, locking balls (20) are arranged in the positioning chutes, a fourth steel wire traction hole (21) is formed in the lower end cover, and the traction steel wire penetrates through the first traction steel wire hole, The second pulls the steel wire hole, third steel wire traction hole and fourth steel wire traction hole, is equipped with jacking spring (22) between pedestal and the end cover, and when the pedestal was upwards jacked up to the jacking spring, the toper extruded surface extruded the lock pearl and made the lock pearl lock pull the steel wire.

5. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the lower end of the housing is provided with a spring-retaining cavity (23), the lower end cap is provided with a spring-retaining collar (24), the fourth wire-pulling hole is located in the spring-retaining collar, the upper end of the jacking spring is located in the spring-retaining cavity, and the lower end of the jacking spring is sleeved outside the spring-retaining collar.

6. The orthopaedic lower limb bone wire traction device according to claim 5, wherein the lower end edge of the seat body is provided with a guiding flange (25), and the guiding flange is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the shell.

7. The orthopaedic lower limb bone wire traction device according to claim 6, wherein the traction wire unidirectional locking mechanism further comprises a pull rod (26) which passes through the lower end cover and is slidably connected with the lower end cover, the upper end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with the guide flange, and the lower end of the pull rod is fixed with a grab ring (27).

8. The orthopedic lower limb bone wire traction device according to claim 4, wherein a first extension rod (28) and a second extension rod (29) are fixed on the side of the lower leg bracket away from the thigh bracket, the second extension rod is positioned below the first extension rod, the guide pulley is fixed on the end of the first extension rod away from the lower leg bracket, and the housing is fixed on the end of the second extension rod away from the lower leg bracket.

9. The orthopedic lower limb bone steel wire traction device according to claim 8, wherein the thigh bracket comprises an upper frame (30) and a lower frame (31), wherein insertion tubes (32) are fixed at the lower parts of four corners of the upper frame, sleeves (33) are fixed at the upper parts of four corners of the lower frame, the insertion tubes are in insertion fit with the sleeves and are fastened through fastening screws (34), a first leg supporting cloth (35) is arranged on the upper frame, the fixing shaft is arranged between the sleeves far away from one side of the shank bracket, a first fixing cross bar (36) and a second fixing cross bar (37) are further fixed between the sleeves far away from one side of the shank bracket, one end of the first extension bar close to the shank bracket is fixedly connected with the first fixing cross bar, and one end of the second extension bar close to the shank bracket is fixedly connected with the second fixing cross bar.

10. The orthopedic lower limb bone steel wire traction device according to claim 8, wherein the lower leg bracket comprises a U-shaped sleeve (38) and a U-shaped insertion tube (39), two side arms of the U-shaped insertion tube are inserted and matched with two side arms of the U-shaped sleeve and are fastened through a set screw, a second leg supporting cloth (40) is arranged on the U-shaped sleeve, and two sides of the bottom of the U-shaped insertion tube are rotatably connected with the upper leg bracket through matching of a connecting lug (41) and a pin shaft.

Images