CN114948349A - 一种人体下颌骨受损骨骼的逆向设计与快速制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种人体下颌骨受损骨骼的逆向设计与快速制作方法，包括以下步骤：对人体下颌骨进行前处理，利用三维激光扫描仪扫描人体下颌骨获取数据并导入到软件Geomagic studio进行处理；在软件中去除体外孤点、滤除噪声点、滤除重叠点云后得到点云图；点云数据封装后得到多边形模型，通过网格医生功能清楚了解到模型存在的全部问题并进行修复；通过对点云数据处理得到光滑表面，去除表面原有特征；倒入软件生成实体模型；在软件UG中镜像未受损的一半骨骼，得到完整下颌体实体模型；对待修复部位模型进行修剪体并导出stl数据；利用光固化成型设备RSPro‑450 3D打印机打印制作实物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及假体领域，尤其是一种人体下颌骨受损骨骼的逆向设计与快速制作方法。
背景技术
在外科医学当中，假体置换是常用于解决人体关节缺失或永久失效的方法之一。但因为人工假体具有个性化以及假体在体内的适应性问题，很难通过传统普通的方法来解决。而生命体中的细胞载体框架结构是一种特殊的结构，从制造科学的角度看，是传统制造技术无法完成的结构。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种人体下颌骨受损骨骼的逆向设计与快速制作方法，能快速完成假体的设计和制造。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种人体下颌骨受损骨骼的逆向设计与快速制作方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）对人体下颌骨进行前处理；
（2）利用三维激光扫描仪扫描人体下颌骨获取数据并导入到软件Geomagicstudio进行处理；
（3）在软件Geomagic studio中去除体外孤点、滤除噪声点、滤除重叠点云后得到点云图；
（4）点云数据封装后得到多边形模型，通过Geomagic studio的网格医生功能清楚了解到模型存在的全部问题并进行修复；
（5）通过对点云数据裁剪、去除特征、填补孔洞、平滑光顺模型处理，获得表面光滑的下颌模型；
（6）将经过精确曲面的下颌骨模型的IGS文件导入到UG中，对其进行缝合处理，生成实体；
（7）将下颌骨定义成左右对称的骨骼，将下颌骨受损部位所在的一半骨骼进行修剪，在软件UG中镜像未受损的一半骨骼，得到完整下颌体实体模型；
（8）对待修复部位模型进行修剪体并导出stl数据；
（9）利用光固化成型设备RSPro-450 3D打印机打印制作实物；
（10）通过去除支撑、打磨、烘干硬化处理后得到下颌骨缺损部位成型件。
作为改进，所述步骤（6）中，下颌骨模型精确曲面步骤为：下颌骨的轮廓线探测；下颌骨轮廓线抽取；曲面片修复；下颌骨模型曲面拟合。
本发明将逆向设计与快速成型技术结合，先获取人体脸部损坏部分骨骼的数据，对其进行数据再设计处理，利用计算机辅助设计进行受损部位的修复与再设计，并通过快速成型获取假体。
本发明与现有技术相比所带来的有益效果是：
与传统的医用样件制作来比，通过逆向设计与快速成型相结合获取骨骼实体样件，其优点：
1、可以大大提高破损骨骼的形状精度，保持骨骼的对称性，对于脸部修复后保持其美观具有独特的设计特点；
2、相对传统设计而言，逆向设计可以缩短设计时间、保证快速获取实体，减少患者手术的等待时间，提高效率；
3、减少患者的手术费用，大大提高经济性，使更多的骨骼相关患者可以获得良好的手术修复治疗。
附图说明
图1为曲面重建工作过程图。
图2为下颌骨模型的点云数据图。
图3为下颌骨多边形模型图。
图4为下颌骨网格医生图。
图5为下颌骨模型缝合实体图。
图6为下颌骨镜像后的模型图。
图7为被修复骨骼的修剪图。
图8为下颌骨缺损部位模型的3D打印状态图。
图9为下颌骨缺损部位成型件图。
图10为下颌骨成型件与原件的拼接图。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图对本发明作进一步说明。
一种人体下颌骨受损骨骼的逆向设计与快速制作方法，如图1所示，包括以下步骤：
（1）对人体下颌骨进行前处理；
（2）如图2所示，利用三维激光扫描仪扫描人体下颌骨获取数据并导入到软件Geomagic studio进行处理；
（3）如图3所示，在软件Geomagic studio中去除体外孤点、滤除噪声点、滤除重叠点云后得到点云图；
（4）如图4所示，点云数据封装后得到多边形模型，多边形模型里面包含了533239个三角面片，其中红色区域是网格医生检测且被选的11991个三角面片，也是需进行处理的部分，从对话框可以看出此模型含有187个自相交的三角面片、253个高度折射边、1602个钉状物、4个小组件以及5个小孔；通过Geomagic studio的网格医生功能清楚了解到模型存在的全部问题并进行修复；
（5）通过对点云数据裁剪、去除特征、填补孔洞、平滑光顺模型处理，获得表面光滑的下颌模型；
（6）精确曲面，下颌骨模型精确曲面步骤为：下颌骨的轮廓线探测；下颌骨轮廓线抽取；曲面片修复；下颌骨模型曲面拟合；
（7）如图5所示，将经过精确曲面的下颌骨模型的IGS文件导入到UG中，打开的下颌骨模型是由多个片体组成的空心模型，此时的模型因为还不是实体所以对其不能进行任何的特征操作，因此需对其进行缝合处理，生成实体；
（8）如图6所示，人的头颅骨是左右对称的，所以下颌骨模型理应是左右对称，以此为机理修复下颌骨缺损部位便成为了可能；将下颌骨受损部位所在的一半骨骼进行修剪，在软件UG中镜像未受损的一半骨骼，得到完整下颌体实体模型；
（9）如图7所示，对待修复部位模型进行修剪体并导出stl数据；
（10）如图8所示，利用光固化成型设备RSPro-450 3D打印机上导入数据并确定好放置方向，设置合理的打印参数，制作实物；
（11）如图9所示，通过去除支撑、打磨、烘干硬化处理后得到下颌骨缺损部位成型件；
（12）如图10所示，下颌骨成型件与原件拼接。
由于逆向工程技术能够将三维模型离散成一层一层的二维截面进行叠加，因此这种分层制造的特点和CT图像数据转化为分层制造数据十分类似，这使得逆向工程模型更适宜制造器官模型。
如今个性化的人体骨骼的逆向设计及模型重建技术与快速成型技术的发展使个性化假体、假体仿生分析以及生物力学分析得以进行，降低了人工假体的制造难度，保证了人工假体在人体内部的稳定，对组织工程具有重要意义。广泛应用于机械制造领域的逆向工程技术在医学上的应用也得到了认可，也得到了人们的普遍关注，并开始在更广阔的的医学领域中得以应用。
本发明将逆向设计与快速成型技术结合，先获取人体脸部损坏部分骨骼的数据，对其进行数据再设计处理，利用计算机辅助设计进行受损部位的修复与再设计，并通过快速成型获取假体。
Claims (2)
1.一种人体下颌骨受损骨骼的逆向设计与快速制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）对人体下颌骨进行前处理；
（2）利用三维激光扫描仪扫描人体下颌骨获取数据并导入到软件Geomagic studio进行处理；
（3）在软件Geomagic studio中去除体外孤点、滤除噪声点、滤除重叠点云后得到点云图；
（4）点云数据封装后得到多边形模型，通过Geomagic studio的网格医生功能清楚了解到模型存在的全部问题并进行修复；
（5）通过对点云数据裁剪、去除特征、填补孔洞、平滑光顺模型处理，获得表面光滑的下颌模型；
（6）将经过精确曲面的下颌骨模型的IGS文件导入到UG中，对其进行缝合处理，生成实体；
（7）将下颌骨定义成左右对称的骨骼，将下颌骨受损部位所在的一半骨骼进行修剪，在软件UG中镜像未受损的一半骨骼，得到完整下颌体实体模型；
（8）对待修复部位模型进行修剪体并导出stl数据；
（9）利用光固化成型设备RSPro-450 3D打印机打印制作实物；
（10）通过去除支撑、打磨、烘干硬化处理后得到下颌骨缺损部位成型件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种人体下颌骨受损骨骼的逆向设计与快速制作方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（6）中，下颌骨模型精确曲面步骤为：下颌骨的轮廓线探测；下颌骨轮廓线抽取；曲面片修复；下颌骨模型曲面拟合。
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| CN116570406B (zh) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-09-19 | 中科硅诺(太仓)生物材料科技有限公司 | 光固化3d打印制备而成的骨修复材料支架及其制备方法 |
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