CN114948152A - 颈椎后路连接组件及其安装工具 - Google Patents

颈椎后路连接组件及其安装工具 Download PDF

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CN114948152A
CN114948152A CN202110190337.3A CN202110190337A CN114948152A CN 114948152 A CN114948152 A CN 114948152A CN 202110190337 A CN202110190337 A CN 202110190337A CN 114948152 A CN114948152 A CN 114948152A
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connecting plate
plate
block
cover
vertebral body
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柳达
黄瑛
刘明岩
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Shanghai Sanyou Medical Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种颈椎后路连接组件及其安装工具，包括：固定板件和至少两个螺钉；固定板件包括块体连接板、中间连接板、椎体连接板、辅助连接板和椎体托板；块体连接板、中间连接板和所述椎体连接板依次连接，辅助连接板与中间连接板连接，辅助连接板的远离中间连接板的一端与椎体托板连接；块体连接板的远离中间连接板的一端上设有供螺钉穿过的块体安装槽；椎体连接板的远离中间连接板的一端上设有供螺钉穿过的椎体安装槽。采用该颈椎后路连接组件可实现微创椎板成型术，使得患者伤口小、出血少且术后软组织并发症少。

Description

颈椎后路连接组件及其安装工具
技术领域
本发明涉及植入器械技术领域，特别是涉及一种颈椎后路连接组件及其安装工具。
背景技术
椎板成型术主要用于手术治疗椎管狭窄和后纵韧带骨化的患者。椎板成型术主要使用椎板成型部件重新构造椎板，以达到扩容椎管的目的来治疗椎管狭窄、后纵韧带骨化等临床问题。目前主流的椎板成型部件包括固定板件和至少两个螺钉，固定板件通过其中两个螺钉固定在侧块上，固定板件通过另外两个螺钉固定在椎板上。一般椎管狭窄和后纵韧带骨化的患者都需要做多个节段减压，常见有颈椎3到颈椎5。迄今为止，市面上的所有椎板成型术都是开放式的手术，开放式的手术就是做一个长切口，剥离开需要手术的所有节段的软组织，这就会对病人的软组织造成不小的伤害，而且出血量大。如何设计一种可用于微创手术的颈椎后路连接组件是本领域技术人员需要解决的问题。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明解决的技术问题在于提供一种的颈椎后路连接组件。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种颈椎后路连接组件，包括：固定板件和至少两个螺钉；
所述固定板件包括块体连接板、中间连接板、椎体连接板、辅助连接板和椎体托板；
所述块体连接板、所述中间连接板和所述椎体连接板依次连接，所述块体连接板相对于所述中间连接板为倾斜设置，所述椎体连接板相对于所述中间连接板为倾斜设置；
所述辅助连接板与所述中间连接板连接，所述辅助连接板相对于所述中间连接板为倾斜设置，所述辅助连接板和所述块体连接板分别处于所述中间连接板的两个相对的侧面上；所述辅助连接板的远离所述中间连接板的一端与所述椎体托板连接，所述椎体托板相对于所述辅助连接板为倾斜设置；所述椎体连接板、所述中间连接板、所述辅助连接板和所述椎体托板围成容纳槽；
所述块体连接板的远离所述中间连接板的一端上设有供所述螺钉穿过的块体安装槽；
所述椎体连接板的远离所述中间连接板的一端上设有供所述螺钉穿过的椎体安装槽。
优选地，所述中间连接板与所述椎体连接板的连接处设有预弯凹槽；所述预弯凹槽的槽口朝向所述容纳槽。
优选地，所述中间连接板的连接所述块体连接板的一端上还设有块体支撑板，所述块体支撑板相对于所述块体连接板为倾斜设置。
本发明还涉及一种颈椎后路连接组件的安装工具，包括限位安装器具，所述限位安装器具包括螺丝刀和护套，所述螺丝刀的刀头处于下方，所述螺丝刀的外部套设有所述护套，所述护套的下端处于所述螺丝刀的刀头的下方。
优选地，所述护套包括套本体和设置于所述套本体下端的套承接部，所述套承接部包括同轴设置的套连接部和套头部，所述套连接部的上端与所述套本体的下端连接，所述套连接部的下端与所述套头部的上端连接，所述套连接部为向下收拢的结构，所述套头部的底面上设有至少两个底部凹槽，所有的所述底部凹槽沿着所述套头部的周向均匀设置，每个所述底部凹槽延伸至所述套连接部。
如上所述，本发明的颈椎后路连接组件，具有以下有益效果：
本发明的颈椎后路连接组件中，固定板件上设有块体安装槽和椎体安装槽，配合预置在颈椎的椎板和颈椎的侧块上的螺钉，固定板件的块体安装槽和椎体安装槽能够直接方便卡入相应的螺钉中，方便安装；椎体托板能够保证固定板件插入螺钉后，即刻获得较好的稳定性，保证颈椎的椎板和颈椎的侧块不会重新闭合；采用该颈椎后路连接组件可实现微创椎板成型术，使得患者伤口小、出血少且术后软组织并发症少。
附图说明
图1显示为本实施例的颈椎后路连接组件分别与颈椎的椎板和颈椎的侧块连接时的立体结构示意图。
图2显示为本实施例的颈椎后路连接组件的固定板件的立体结构示意图。
图3显示为本实施例的颈椎后路连接组件的固定板件的侧面结构示意图。
图4显示为本实施例的颈椎后路连接组件的安装工具使用时的立体结构示意图。
图5显示为本实施例的颈椎后路连接组件的安装工具的限位安装器具的立体结构示意图。
图6显示为图5的A处的放大结构示意图。
附图标号说明
100 固定板件
110 块体连接板
111 块体安装槽
120 中间连接板
121 预弯凹槽
130 椎体连接板
131 椎体安装槽
140 辅助连接板
150 椎体托板
160 容纳槽
170 块体支撑板
200 螺钉
300 螺丝刀
400 护套
410 套本体
420 套承接部
421 套连接部
422 套头部
423 底部凹槽
510 颈椎4的侧块
520 颈椎4的椎板
600 拉钩
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
请参阅附图。须知，本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
如图1至图6所示，本实施例的颈椎后路连接组件，包括：固定板件100和至少两个螺钉200；
固定板件100包括块体连接板110、中间连接板120、椎体连接板130、辅助连接板140和椎体托板150；
块体连接板110、中间连接板120和椎体连接板130依次连接，块体连接板110相对于中间连接板120为倾斜设置，椎体连接板130相对于中间连接板120为倾斜设置；
辅助连接板140与中间连接板120连接，辅助连接板140相对于中间连接板120为倾斜设置，辅助连接板140和块体连接板110分别处于中间连接板120的两个相对的侧面上；辅助连接板140的远离中间连接板120的一端与椎体托板150连接，椎体托板150相对于辅助连接板140为倾斜设置；椎体连接板130、中间连接板120、辅助连接板140和椎体托板150围成容纳槽160；
块体连接板110的远离中间连接板120的一端上设有供螺钉200穿过的块体安装槽111；
椎体连接板130的远离中间连接板120的一端上设有供螺钉200穿过的椎体安装槽131。
本发明的颈椎后路连接组件中，固定板件100上设有块体安装槽111和椎体安装槽131，配合预置在椎板和侧块上的螺钉200，块体安装槽111便于固定板件100临时插入到侧块上预制的螺钉200的头部与侧块之间的间隙中，椎体安装槽131便于固定板件100临时插入到椎板上预制的螺钉200的头部与椎板之间的间隙中，方便安装；椎体托板150能够保证固定板件100插入螺钉200后，即刻获得较好的稳定性，保持椎板保持临时撑开状态，保证椎板与侧块不会重新闭合；本发明的颈椎后路连接组件应用于椎板成型术时，只需要在所需进行椎板成型术的颈椎段和与该颈椎段相邻的另一颈椎段上均开口即可，无需切开长切口，这就能够实现微创手术，采用该颈椎后路连接组件实现了微创椎板成型术，使得患者伤口小、出血少且术后软组织并发症少。
中间连接板120与椎体连接板130的连接处设有预弯凹槽121；预弯凹槽121的槽口朝向容纳槽160。由于预弯凹槽121的设置，在螺钉200拧入颈椎的椎板，锁紧固定板件100的过程中能够自调节固定板件100的仰角，使固定板件100与颈椎的椎板的骨面更加贴附。
中间连接板120的连接块体连接板110的一端上还设有块体支撑板170，块体支撑板170相对于块体连接板110为倾斜设置。块体支撑板170能够抵靠在颈椎的侧块上，为颈椎的侧块提供支撑。
本实施例还涉及一种颈椎后路连接组件的安装工具，包括限位安装器具，所述限位安装器具包括螺丝刀300和护套400，所述螺丝刀300的刀头处于下方，所述螺丝刀300的外部套设有所述护套400，所述护套400的下端处于所述螺丝刀300的刀头的下方。该结构使得护套400具有限位功能，在螺丝刀300拧入螺钉200时，螺钉200的头部与颈椎的椎板或者颈椎的侧块的骨面之间保持间隙。
护套400包括套本体410和设置于套本体410下端的套承接部420，套承接部420包括同轴设置的套连接部421和套头部422，套连接部421的上端与套本体410的下端连接，套连接部421的下端与套头部422的上端连接，套连接部421为向下收拢的结构，套头部422的底面上设有至少两个底部凹槽423，所有的底部凹槽423沿着套头部422的周向均匀设置，每个底部凹槽423延伸至套连接部421。所有的底部凹槽423将套承接部420分隔为多个夹持部，便于套承接部420夹住螺钉200的头部。
本实施例中，螺钉为两个。底部凹槽423为四个。
本实施例中，当对颈椎4进行椎板成型术时，颈椎后路连接组件的安装方法，包括以下步骤：
1)在颈椎3的侧块和颈椎4的侧块510的上方均设有开口，内镜从颈椎3上的开口进入，颈椎4上设置的开口为手术操作通过，对颈椎4处的组织进行剥离，使颈椎4处的组织显露；
2)使用丝攻或开路锥在颈椎4的椎板520上预攻螺孔，在颈椎4的侧块510上使用限位安装器具拧入螺钉200，由于护套400的下端处于螺丝刀300的刀头的下方，使得螺钉200的头部与颈椎4的椎板520具有间隙，随后切开颈椎4的椎板520的一侧；
3)重复步骤1)至步骤2)，以切开颈椎4的椎板520的另一侧；
4)用拉钩600提起颈椎4的椎板520；
5)撑开钳保持椎板处于撑开状态，装入固定板件100，在颈椎4的一侧上，固定板件100的块体安装槽111卡入颈椎4的侧块510上所安装的螺钉200，固定板件100的椎体安装槽131置于颈椎4的椎板520的预攻螺孔上方；固定板件100装入后，可以松开撑开钳，固定板件100能够保持颈椎4的椎板520临时的稳定性；
6)用螺钉起子在颈椎4的椎板520上拧入螺钉200，然后拧紧颈椎4的侧块510上的螺钉200，完成固定操作；
7)重复步骤4)至步骤6)，完成在颈椎4的另一侧安装固定板件100的操作，完成椎板成形术。
综上，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (5)

1.一种颈椎后路连接组件，其特征在于，包括：固定板件(100)和至少两个螺钉(200)；所述固定板件(100)包括块体连接板(110)、中间连接板(120)、椎体连接板(130)、辅助连接板(140)和椎体托板(150)；
所述块体连接板(110)、所述中间连接板(120)和所述椎体连接板(130)依次连接，所述块体连接板(110)相对于所述中间连接板(120)为倾斜设置，所述椎体连接板(130)相对于所述中间连接板(120)为倾斜设置；
所述辅助连接板(140)与所述中间连接板(120)连接，所述辅助连接板(140)相对于所述中间连接板(120)为倾斜设置，所述辅助连接板(140)和所述块体连接板(110)分别处于所述中间连接板(120)的两个相对的侧面上；所述辅助连接板(140)的远离所述中间连接板(120)的一端与所述椎体托板(150)连接，所述椎体托板(150)相对于所述辅助连接板(140)为倾斜设置；所述椎体连接板(130)、所述中间连接板(120)、所述辅助连接板(140)和所述椎体托板(150)围成容纳槽(140)；
所述块体连接板(110)的远离所述中间连接板(120)的一端上设有供所述螺钉(200)穿过的块体安装槽(111)；
所述椎体连接板(130)的远离所述中间连接板(120)的一端上设有供所述螺钉(200)穿过的椎体安装槽(131)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的颈椎后路连接组件，其特征在于：所述中间连接板(120)与所述椎体连接板(130)的连接处设有预弯凹槽(121)；所述预弯凹槽(121)的槽口朝向所述容纳槽(140)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的颈椎后路连接组件，其特征在于：所述中间连接板(120)的连接所述块体连接板(110)的一端上还设有块体支撑板(170)，所述块体支撑板(170)相对于所述块体连接板(110)为倾斜设置。
4.一种颈椎后路连接组件的安装工具，用于安装如权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的颈椎后路连接组件，其特征在于：包括限位安装器具，所述限位安装器具包括螺丝刀(300)和护套(400)，所述螺丝刀(300)的刀头处于下方，所述螺丝刀(300)的外部套设有所述护套(400)，所述护套(400)的下端处于所述螺丝刀(300)的刀头的下方。
5.根据权利要求4所述的颈椎后路连接组件的安装工具，其特征在于：所述护套(400)包括套本体(410)和设置于所述套本体(410)下端的套承接部(420)，所述套承接部(420)包括同轴设置的套连接部(421)和套头部(422)，所述套连接部(421)的上端与所述套本体(410)的下端连接，所述套连接部(421)的下端与所述套头部(422)的上端连接，所述套连接部(421)为向下收拢的结构，所述套头部(422)的底面上设有至少两个底部凹槽(423)，所有的所述底部凹槽(423)沿着所述套头部(422)的周向均匀设置，每个所述底部凹槽(423)延伸至所述套连接部(421)。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115998399A (zh) * 2023-03-16 2023-04-25 暨南大学 一种颈椎开门防脱钉的椎板固定装置

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