CN114946398B - Self-adaptive vertical sugarcane conveying stacker - Google Patents
Self-adaptive vertical sugarcane conveying stacker Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946398B CN114946398B CN202210353158.1A CN202210353158A CN114946398B CN 114946398 B CN114946398 B CN 114946398B CN 202210353158 A CN202210353158 A CN 202210353158A CN 114946398 B CN114946398 B CN 114946398B
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- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/10—Harvesting of standing crops of sugar cane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D57/00—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers
- A01D57/20—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers with conveyor belts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D57/00—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers
- A01D57/22—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers for standing stalks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive vertical sugarcane conveying stacker, which comprises a conveying device and a stacking device, wherein the conveying device is used for conveying sugarcane; the conveying device comprises a plurality of groups of vertical feeding modules, each group of vertical feeding modules comprises two oppositely arranged power feeding mechanisms, and each power feeding mechanism comprises a plurality of belt feeding assemblies with self-adaptive functions; a plurality of belt feeding components in two power feeding mechanisms of each group of vertical feeding modules are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the stacking device comprises a guide frame and a stacking and distributing mechanism; the guide frame is provided with an allocation temporary storage area which is arranged in front of the feeding channel; the stacking and distributing mechanism comprises a distributing piece and a distributing driving mechanism. The invention can realize the transportation and the accumulation in a vertical posture during the sugarcane harvesting, is beneficial to protecting the integrity of the sugarcane, avoiding the damage and improving the efficiency of the whole-stalk harvesting of the sugarcane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to sugarcane harvesting and stacking equipment, in particular to a self-adaptive vertical sugarcane conveying and stacking machine.
Background
Sugar is an internationally recognized strategic bulk commodity, the sugar industry has the characteristic of food safety, and the continuous healthy development of the sugar industry has important strategic significance for maintaining national economic safety. However, the mechanized development of sugarcane in China is slow, the mechanized level of sugarcane harvest in 2011/2012 and 2017/2018 pressing seasons is 0.07% and 1.42% respectively, the guidance opinion about accelerating the advancing of agricultural mechanization and the industry transformation upgrading of agricultural equipment is clearly put forward for 2025 that the mechanized rate of sugarcane harvest reaches 30%, and the main grippers achieve the aim are to be clearly adapted to the mechanized technology of sugarcane in local areas.
At present, the method for harvesting sugarcane in China is mainly divided into manual whole-stalk harvesting and cut-segment mechanical harvesting. The method is limited by high labor cost of sugarcane harvesting, and at home and abroad, segmented harvesting is mostly adopted at present, but the segmented harvesting is to cut the sugarcane into segments of 200mm-300mm, so that the method has the advantages of more incisions, more impurities, more wound surfaces and more mold pollution surfaces, greatly influences the subsequent processing quality of the sugarcane, and is not welcome by sugar factories. In the prior art, the research and development of the whole-stalk sugarcane harvester are relatively less, but the problem can be solved by the whole-stalk mechanized harvesting of the sugarcane, so the research and development of the whole-stalk sugarcane harvester is particularly important. The sugarcane harvesting machine is affected by geography and climate, the sizes of individual sugarcane growth units are different, research and development application of the sugarcane growth unit is reduced, corresponding research and development technology and equipment are lacking at present, the whole stalk harvesting performance is greatly affected, and the problem of industrial difficulty in research and development of a whole stalk harvester for sugarcane is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a self-adaptive sugarcane vertical conveying stacker which realizes automatic whole sugarcane harvesting and stacking, effectively improves the efficiency of harvesting whole sugarcane and solves the problem of notch pollution of sugarcane section-shaped harvesting.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the self-adaptive vertical sugarcane conveying stacker is characterized by comprising a conveying device and a stacking device, wherein the stacking device is arranged behind the conveying device along the moving direction of sugarcane; wherein,,
the conveying device comprises a plurality of groups of vertical feeding modules, each group of vertical feeding modules comprises two power feeding mechanisms which are oppositely arranged, each power feeding mechanism comprises a plurality of belt feeding assemblies with self-adaptive functions, and the plurality of belt feeding assemblies are arranged in the vertical direction; the two power feeding mechanisms of each group of vertical feeding modules are provided with a plurality of belt feeding assemblies in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the two corresponding belt feeding assemblies on the two power feeding mechanisms form a feeding channel for sugarcane movement; each belt feeding assembly comprises a synchronous belt and a conveying driving mechanism for driving the synchronous belt to operate, two end parts of the synchronous belt are arranged on the frame through self-adaptive adjusting assemblies, each self-adaptive adjusting assembly comprises a linear guide module and an elastic element, the end parts of the synchronous belt are connected with the linear guide modules, and in a natural state, the synchronous belt keeps a horizontal posture under the elastic action of the elastic elements;
the stacking device comprises a guide frame and a stacking and distributing mechanism; the guide frame is provided with an allocation temporary storage area which is arranged in front of the feeding channel and is communicated with the feeding channel; the stacking and distributing mechanism comprises a distributing part and a distributing driving mechanism for driving the distributing part to rotate, the distributing part is rotationally connected to the guide frame, and a sweeping track of the distributing part during rotation passes through the distributing temporary storage area.
The working principle of the self-adaptive sugarcane vertical conveying and stacking device is as follows:
the whole stalks of the sugarcane are placed into the feeding channels of the vertical feeding modules of the conveying device one by one through a manual or automatic mechanical device, and the whole stalks of the sugarcane are vertically piled through the vertical conveying and piling device. Wherein, the conveying and stacking process is as follows:
after the sugarcane in the vertical posture enters the feeding channel, the sugarcane is positioned between the belt feeding assemblies of the two power feeding mechanisms and particularly positioned between the two synchronous belts when passing through the plurality of groups of vertical feeding modules, and the sugarcane is driven by the conveying driving mechanism to move forwards in the vertical posture through the synchronous belts and is gradually and temporarily stacked in the distributing temporary storage area of the guide frame of the stacking device. In the conveying process, when the sugarcane with larger diameter enters or is pushed out of the feeding channel, the sugarcane with larger diameter can generate extrusion force for extruding the end parts of the synchronous belts outwards, so that the self-adaptive adjusting assemblies at the two ends of the two belt feeding assemblies can move inwards and outwards against the elastic force of the elastic element to drive the synchronous belts at the two sides of the feeding channel to change the inner and outer movement and the tension, the distance between the front end section or the rear end section of the feeding channel is self-adaptive to the sugarcane, the synchronous belts at the two sides of the feeding channel can be always ensured to be clung to the sugarcane, the sugarcane with larger diameter can be ensured to pass smoothly, and even if the diameter of the adjacent sugarcane is smaller, the synchronous belts are enabled to be in an inclined posture due to the movement of the end parts of the synchronous belts, so that the synchronous belts can be clung to the sugarcane with larger or smaller diameter at the same time; meanwhile, the tension of the synchronous belt is slightly tensioned, so that the friction force of the synchronous belt is increased, the sugarcane with different diameters is ensured to be fully contacted and driven to move forwards together, and the self-adaptive process of the conveying device to the sugarcane with different diameters is realized. When the sugarcane with smaller diameter is positioned between two sugarcanes with larger diameter, continuous sugarcane conveying can be performed by pushing the sugarcane with larger diameter at the rear.
When a certain amount of sugarcane is stored in the distributing temporary storage area, the distributing driving mechanism drives the distributing part to rotate, so that loose sugarcane can be piled up for bundling and collecting; the distributing driving mechanism can be driven in an intermittent motion mode by combining the speed of the conveying device.
According to a preferred scheme of the invention, the belt feeding assembly further comprises two belt pulleys, the synchronous belt is arranged between the two belt pulleys in a surrounding mode, and the two belt pulleys are arranged on the frame through the self-adaptive adjusting assembly; the linear guide module comprises a guide rail and a slide block, wherein a pulley shaft is arranged on the pulley, the pulley shaft is connected with the slide block through a connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece is rotationally connected with the pulley shaft, and the other end of the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the slide block.
Preferably, in the plurality of belt feeding components, one conveying driving mechanism is shared, the conveying driving mechanism comprises a power rod, a toothed chain transmission component and a power source for driving the power rod to rotate, the power rod is arranged in an extending mode along the vertical direction and is connected with the power source, and the toothed chain transmission component is provided with a plurality of belt feeding components and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode with the plurality of belt feeding components; the toothed chain transmission assembly comprises a driving gear, a driven gear and a chain, wherein the chain is arranged between the driving gear and the driven gear in a surrounding mode, the driving gear is arranged on the power rod, and the driven gear is arranged on a pulley shaft of one of the pulleys.
Preferably, the adaptive adjustment mechanism further comprises a swing stabilization assembly comprising a first swing arm and a second swing arm; the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism is arranged on the mounting plate, and the power rod is rotationally connected in the middle of the mounting plate; one end of the first swing arm is connected with the belt wheel shaft, and the other end of the first swing arm is connected with the second swing arm through a floating rod; one end of the second swing arm is rotationally connected with the floating rod, and the other end of the second swing arm is rotationally connected with the power rod; the mounting plate is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove for guiding the floating rod to rotate around the power rod; an auxiliary toothed chain component is arranged on the floating rod of one of the self-adaptive adjusting mechanisms corresponding to the same belt feeding component, and the auxiliary toothed chain component is respectively connected with the power rod and the belt wheel shaft.
Furthermore, the lower end of the floating rod is provided with a guide wheel which is matched with the arc-shaped guide groove, and the guide wheel slides on the arc-shaped guide groove to limit the swing of the floating rod, so that the fluency and the precision of the device during the action are improved.
According to the invention, in the two power feeding mechanisms of each group of vertical feeding modules along the conveying direction of the sugarcane, synchronous belts of two corresponding belt feeding assemblies are staggered.
According to a preferred scheme of the invention, the distributing temporary storage area is arranged in an arc shape, one end of the distributing temporary storage area is connected with the front end of the feeding channel, and the other end of the distributing temporary storage area extends upwards.
According to one preferable scheme, the distributing piece comprises a rotating rod and a plurality of rotary shifting pieces arranged on the rotating rod, the middle part of each rotary shifting piece is fixedly connected with the rotating rod, shifting parts for shifting sugarcane are formed on two sides of each rotary shifting piece, and the rotary rods are connected with a power output shaft of the distributing driving mechanism.
In a preferred scheme of the invention, the guide frame is also provided with a straight channel sequencing area, and the straight channel sequencing area is arranged in front of the allocation temporary storage area; the stacking and distributing mechanism further comprises a enclasping mechanism, the enclasping mechanism comprises an enclasping frame rotationally connected to the frame and a enclasping driving mechanism for driving the enclasping frame to rotate, and the enclasping frame comprises a plurality of arc-shaped pieces in arc-shaped arrangement.
Preferably, the guide frame comprises a bottom guide assembly and an upper guide assembly, the bottom guide assembly comprises two oppositely arranged bottom guide plates, the distributing temporary storage area and the straight channel sorting area are surrounded by the two bottom guide plates, the upper guide assembly comprises two oppositely arranged upper guide pieces, and the path extension tracks of the two upper guide pieces are correspondingly arranged with the distributing temporary storage area and the straight channel sorting area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can realize the transportation and the accumulation in a vertical posture during the sugarcane harvesting, is beneficial to protecting the integrity of the sugarcane, avoiding the damage and improving the efficiency of the whole-stalk harvesting of the sugarcane.
2. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism, the synchronous belt in the belt receiving mechanism can be adapted to the passing of the sugarcane with different diameters in the sugarcane conveying process, and the synchronous belts at the two sides of the feeding channel can simultaneously clamp the sugarcane with different diameters, so that the sugarcane can be ensured to smoothly move forward, and the self-adaptive sugarcane conveying mechanism has good self-adaptive property and conveying stability.
Drawings
Fig. 1-3 are overall schematic views of one embodiment of the adaptive sugarcane vertical transport stacker of the present invention, wherein fig. 1 is a front view, fig. 2 is a top view, and fig. 3 is a perspective view.
Fig. 4 to 5 are schematic structural views of the stacking apparatus, wherein fig. 4 is a perspective view from a first perspective, and fig. 5 is a perspective view from a second perspective.
Fig. 6 to 8 are schematic structural views of a conveying device, wherein fig. 6 is a top view, fig. 7 is a perspective view of a power feeding mechanism, and fig. 8 is a partial schematic view in fig. 7.
Fig. 9-11 are schematic diagrams of the belt feeding assembly and the adaptive adjustment mechanism in operation, wherein fig. 9 is a schematic diagram when the front sugarcane diameter is small and the rear sugarcane diameter is large for a plurality of sugarcanes in the feeding channel, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram when the front sugarcane diameter is large and the rear sugarcane diameter is small for a plurality of sugarcanes in the feeding channel, and fig. 11 is a schematic diagram when the smaller-diameter sugarcanes in the feeding channel are located between the larger-diameter sugarcanes.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures, but embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the adaptive vertical sugarcane conveying stacker for the embodiment comprises a conveying device 1 and a stacker device 2, wherein the stacker device 2 is arranged behind the conveying device 1 along the moving direction of sugarcane.
Referring to fig. 1-3 and 6-8, the conveying device 1 includes a set of vertical feeding modules, the set of vertical feeding modules includes two oppositely disposed power feeding mechanisms, the power feeding mechanisms include a plurality of belt feeding assemblies with self-adapting function, and the plurality of belt feeding assemblies are arranged along the vertical direction; the two power feeding mechanisms of the vertical feeding module are provided with a plurality of belt feeding assemblies in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the two corresponding belt feeding assemblies on the two power feeding mechanisms form a feeding channel 10 for sugarcane movement; each belt feeding component comprises a synchronous belt 11 and a conveying driving mechanism for driving the synchronous belt 11 to operate, two end parts of the synchronous belt 11 are mounted on the frame through self-adaptive adjusting components, each self-adaptive adjusting component comprises a linear guide module and an elastic element 14, the end parts of the synchronous belt 11 are connected with the linear guide modules, and in a natural state, the synchronous belt 11 keeps a horizontal posture (overlooking angle) under the elastic action of the elastic element 14.
Referring to fig. 1-3 and 6-8, the belt feeding assembly further comprises two pulleys 19, the synchronous belt 11 is circumferentially arranged between the two pulleys 19, and the two pulleys 19 are both mounted on a rack through the adaptive adjustment assembly; the linear guide module comprises a guide rail 15 and a sliding block 13, a pulley shaft 22 is arranged on the pulley 19, the pulley shaft 22 is connected with the sliding block 13 through a connecting piece 23, one end of the connecting piece 23 is rotationally connected with the pulley shaft 22, and the other end of the connecting piece 23 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 13. In this embodiment, the elastic element 14 is a spring, the guide rail 15 is provided with a sliding cavity, the elastic element 14 is disposed in the sliding cavity, and two ends of the elastic element 14 respectively abut against the rear end of the sliding cavity and the sliding block 13.
Referring to fig. 1-3 and fig. 6-8, in the plurality of belt feeding assemblies, a conveying driving mechanism is shared, the conveying driving mechanism includes a power rod 20, a toothed chain transmission assembly, and a power source 21 for driving the power rod 20 to rotate, the power rod 20 extends in a vertical direction and is connected with the power source 21, and the toothed chain transmission assembly is provided with a plurality of belt feeding assemblies and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of belt feeding assemblies; the toothed chain transmission assembly comprises a driving gear 26, a driven gear 25 and a chain, wherein the chain is arranged between the driving gear 26 and the driven gear 25 in a surrounding manner, the driving gear 26 is arranged on the power rod 20, and the driven gear 25 is arranged on the pulley shaft 22 of one pulley 19. Further, the power source 21 in this embodiment is a motor, and is disposed at the bottommost portion, and the power rod 20 is disposed between the frames in a penetrating manner, so as to drive each belt feeding assembly to operate through the toothed chain transmission assembly.
Referring to fig. 1-3 and 6-8, the adaptive adjustment mechanism further includes a swing stabilization assembly including a first swing arm 12 and a second swing arm 18; wherein, the frame is provided with a plurality of mounting plates 16 corresponding to the belt feeding components, the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism is arranged on the mounting plates 16, and the power rod 20 is rotationally connected in the middle of the mounting plates 16; one end of the first swing arm 12 is connected with the pulley shaft 22, and the other end is connected with the second swing arm 18 through the floating rod 24 (the first swing arm 12 is fixedly connected with the floating rod 24); one end of the second swing arm 18 is rotatably connected with the floating rod 24, and the other end is rotatably connected with the power rod 20; the mounting plate 16 is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove 17 for guiding the floating rod 24 to rotate around the power rod 20; an auxiliary toothed chain component is arranged on the floating rod 24 of one self-adaptive adjusting mechanism corresponding to the same belt feeding component, and the auxiliary toothed chain component is respectively connected with the power rod 20 and the belt wheel shaft 22; in this embodiment, the auxiliary toothed chain assembly is arranged on a floating rod 24 connected to the front end pulley 19. Specifically, two gears 27 are arranged on one floating rod 24, one of the gears 27 is in matched connection with the gear 27 on the power rod 20 through a chain, the other gear 27 is in matched connection with the driven gear 25 on the pulley shaft 22 through a chain, so that power transmission is realized, the pulley 19 is driven to rotate, and the synchronous belt 11 is operated. Through the setting of swing stable subassembly, combine together self-adaptation adjustment mechanism and belt and send the transport actuating mechanism of material subassembly, rationally ingenious utilization a transport actuating mechanism to drive all hold-in range 11 operations on the power feed mechanism to make overall structure simple, the installation of being convenient for. Further, when the belt pulleys 19 at two ends of the synchronous belt 11 move forwards and backwards, the positions of the belt pulleys 19 change, so that the distance between the power rod 20 and the belt pulley shaft 22 also changes, and at the moment, the floating rod 24 always swings around the power rod 20 under the action of the swing stabilizing assembly, so that the belt feeding assembly can work smoothly under the action of the auxiliary toothed chain assembly, the operation of the synchronous belt 11 is not influenced, the front and back movement of the end part of the synchronous belt 11 and the position adjustment of the floating rod 24 are synchronous, and the belt conveying mechanism is ingenious in design and beneficial to realizing the structural optimization of a conveying driving mechanism.
Referring to fig. 1-3 and 6-8, a guiding wheel 28 is arranged at the lower end of the floating rod 24, the guiding wheel 28 is matched with the arc-shaped guiding groove 17, and the sliding of the guiding wheel 28 on the arc-shaped guiding groove 17 is used for limiting the swing of the floating rod 24, so that the smoothness and the accuracy of the device in action are improved.
Referring to fig. 1-3 and 6, in the two power feeding mechanisms of each vertical feeding module, synchronous belts 11 of two corresponding belt feeding assemblies are staggered with each other along the conveying direction of the sugarcane. Therefore, in the sugarcane conveying process, the end part of the synchronous belt 11 can move back and forth more conveniently to realize self-adaptive adjustment, so that the clamping of the sugarcane with different diameters is ensured, and the sugarcane conveying stability is improved. In this embodiment, two power feeding mechanisms of the same group of vertical feeding modules are arranged in a staggered manner as a whole, so that the synchronous belt 11 is opened in a staggered manner, and thus, the installation and adjustment are convenient, and the disassembly and assembly efficiency is improved. In addition, the synchronous belts 11 of the two belt feeding assemblies are slightly staggered, so that the sugarcane is prevented from being blocked on the outlet of the feeding channel 10 when being allocated by the allocation piece in the allocation temporary storage area 8, and the sugarcane can be continuously introduced into the allocation temporary storage area 8 by using the synchronous belt 11 with the front end protruding slightly longer.
Referring to fig. 1-3, in this embodiment, three belt feeding assemblies are provided on each power feeding mechanism, forming an upper, middle and lower three-layer feeding channel 10. Two of which are located lower, one of which is located higher and the distance between the first and second is greater. Like this, be favorable to improving the stability when the sugarcane is carried, press from both sides tight with the lower half of sugarcane through two belt feeding assemblies that the height is lower, press from both sides tight to the upper end of sugarcane through the belt feeding assembly that the height is higher. In the embodiment, the upper, middle and lower layers are provided with the self-adaptive stress feeding channels 10 for conveying the sugarcane, so that the sugarcane can be in an upright state, and better conditions are provided for the vertical accumulation of a plurality of subsequent sugarcane.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the stacking device 2 includes a guide frame and a stacking and distributing mechanism; the guide frame is provided with an allocation temporary storage area 8, and the allocation temporary storage area 8 is arranged in front of the feeding channel 10 and is communicated with the feeding channel 10; the stacking and distributing mechanism comprises a distributing part and a distributing driving mechanism for driving the distributing part to rotate, the distributing part is rotationally connected to the guide frame, and a sweeping track of the distributing part during rotation passes through the distributing temporary storage area 8.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the allocating temporary storage area 8 is arc-shaped, one end of the allocating temporary storage area 8 is connected with the front end of the feeding channel 10, and the other end extends upwards. By providing such an allocation buffer 8, it is advantageous for the sugar cane coming out of the feed channel 10 to be gradually piled up at the lower end position of the allocation buffer 8, and after a certain number of piled up, the sugar cane at the lower end position of the allocation buffer 8 is stirred up by the rotation of the allocation member, so as to be collected.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the distributing member comprises a rotating rod 4 and a plurality of rotary paddles arranged on the rotating rod 4, the middle part of the rotary paddles is fixedly connected with the rotating rod 4, the two sides of the rotary paddles form a stirring part 3 for stirring sugarcane, and the rotary rod is connected with a power output shaft of the distributing driving mechanism.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the guide frame is further provided with a straight channel sorting area 9, and the straight channel sorting area 9 is arranged in front of the distributing temporary storage area 8; the stacking and distributing mechanism further comprises a enclasping mechanism, the enclasping mechanism comprises an enclasping frame which is rotationally connected to the frame and an enclasping driving mechanism which drives the enclasping frame to rotate, and the enclasping frame comprises a plurality of arc-shaped pieces 5 which are arranged in an arc shape. When the sugarcane is stirred and piled at the front end of the distributing temporary storage area 8 (the rear end of the straight sorting area 9) by the distributing piece, each batch of sugarcane is piled forward and held tightly by the forward stirring of the arc-shaped piece 5, and a regular sugarcane pile is formed under the guidance of the straight sorting area 9 so as to facilitate the subsequent bundling and collecting.
Referring to fig. 1-5, in this embodiment, the distributing members are symmetrically arranged, so that after completing a distributing action, one of the stirring portions 3 is located between the straight sorting areas 9 in the distributing temporary storage area 8, and serves as a barrier between the two areas, so that the sugarcane entering the straight sorting areas 9 is not affected.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the guide frame includes a bottom guide assembly including two oppositely disposed bottom guide plates 7, the allocating register area 8 and the lane sorting area 9 are surrounded by the two bottom guide plates 7, and an upper guide assembly including two oppositely disposed upper guides 6, the path extension trajectories of the two upper guides 6 being disposed corresponding to the allocating register area 8 and the lane sorting area 9. Through setting up such leading truck, simple structure just is favorable to carrying out the direction to the accumulation of sugarcane to the accumulation is held tightly.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the working principle of the adaptive sugarcane vertical conveying and stacking device of the embodiment is as follows:
in this embodiment, the cutting and conveying of the sugarcane is realized through the clamping mechanism 29 and the rotary cutting mechanism 30, so that the independent whole sugarcane is fed into the feeding channel 10 of the vertical feeding module of the conveying device 1, and the whole sugarcane is vertically piled through the vertical conveying and piling device. The clamping mechanism 29 comprises two oblique material stirring circulation mechanisms which are arranged oppositely, the rotary cutting mechanism 30 comprises a cutter head, the conveying and stacking device of the embodiment is arranged on the travelling mechanism 31, and cutting and conveying and stacking of sugarcane are realized in the forward travelling process; in addition, the specific embodiment of the cane feeding channel 10 can also be seen in the prior art.
Specifically, the conveying and stacking process is as follows:
after the sugarcane in the vertical posture enters the feeding channel 10, the sugarcane is positioned between the belt feeding assemblies of the two power feeding mechanisms and particularly between the two synchronous belts 11 when passing through the plurality of groups of vertical feeding modules, and at the moment, the sugarcane is driven by the conveying driving mechanism to move forwards in the vertical posture through the synchronous belts 11 and is gradually and temporarily stacked in the distributing temporary storage area 8 of the guide frame of the stacking device 2.
In the conveying process, when the sugarcane with larger diameter enters or is pushed out of the feeding channel 10, the sugarcane with larger diameter can generate extrusion force for extruding the end parts of the synchronous belts 11 outwards, so that the self-adaptive adjusting assemblies at the two ends of the two belt feeding assemblies can move inwards and outwards against the elastic force of the elastic element 14, the synchronous belts 11 at the two sides of the feeding channel 10 are driven to move inwards and outwards and change in tension, the distance between the front end section or the rear end section of the feeding channel 10 is self-adaptive to the sugarcane, the synchronous belts 11 at the two sides of the feeding channel 10 are always ensured to be clung to the sugarcane, the sugarcane with larger diameter can be ensured to pass smoothly, and even if the diameter of the adjacent sugarcane is smaller, the end parts of the synchronous belts 11 are moved to enable the synchronous belts 11 to be in an inclined posture, so that the synchronous belts 11 can be clung to the sugarcane with larger or smaller diameter simultaneously; meanwhile, the tension of the synchronous belt 11 is slightly tensioned, so that the friction force of the synchronous belt 11 is increased, the sugarcane with all different diameters is ensured to be fully contacted and driven to move forwards together, and the self-adaptation process of the conveying device 1 to the sugarcane with different diameters is realized. When the sugarcane with smaller diameter is positioned between two sugarcanes with larger diameter, continuous sugarcane conveying can be performed by pushing the sugarcane with larger diameter at the rear.
Specifically, for example, along the moving direction of the sugarcane, when the diameter of the front sugarcane is small and the diameter of the rear sugarcane is large in a plurality of sugarcanes in the feeding channel 10, the larger-diameter sugarcanes generate larger outward extrusion force on the belt wheels 19 at the rear ends of the synchronous belts 11 at two sides of the feeding channel 10, so that the sliding blocks 13 connected with the belt wheels 19 at the rear ends of the synchronous belts 11 linearly move outwards against the elastic force, and at the moment, the feeding channel 10 forms an eight shape with a narrow front end and a wide rear end, so that the feeding channel is suitable for the passing of the larger-diameter sugarcanes, and the synchronous belts 11 at two sides are always guaranteed to be tightly attached to the sugarcanes under the elastic action of the elastic element 14, so that the sugarcane is ensured to be smoothly driven to move forwards. Simultaneously, because the belt wheels 19 at the front ends of the synchronous belts 11 at the two sides of the feeding channel 10 are connected with the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism, the sugarcane can still be closely attached to the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism under the action of elastic force, so that the sugarcane has enough power to move forwards, as shown in fig. 10. At this time, after the sugarcane with larger diameter passes, the synchronous belt 11 is reset under the elastic action of the elastic element 14, so as to realize self-adaptive adjustment.
For example, along the moving direction of the sugarcane, when the diameter of the rear sugarcane is small and the diameter of the front sugarcane is large in a plurality of sugarcanes in the feeding channel 10, the larger-diameter sugarcanes generate larger outward extrusion force on the belt wheels 19 at the front ends of the synchronous belts 11 at two sides of the feeding channel 10, so that the sliding blocks 13 connected with the belt wheels 19 at the front ends of the synchronous belts 11 linearly move outwards against the elastic force, and at the moment, the feeding channel 10 forms an eight shape with a wide front end and a narrow rear end, so that the feeding channel is suitable for the passage of the larger-diameter sugarcanes, and the synchronous belts 11 at two sides are always guaranteed to be tightly attached to the sugarcanes under the elastic action of the elastic element 14, so that the forward movement of the sugarcanes is ensured to be smoothly driven; and, the first swing arm 12 and the second swing arm 18 connected with the front end belt wheel 19 of the synchronous belt 11 correspondingly move, so that the position of the floating rod 24 on the arc-shaped guide groove 17 changes, and the toothed chain transmission assembly is ensured to smoothly finish the power transmission. Meanwhile, because the belt pulleys 19 at the rear ends of the synchronous belts 11 at the two sides of the feeding channel 10 are connected with the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism, the sugarcane can still be closely attached to the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism under the action of elastic force, so that the sugarcane can move forwards with enough power, as shown in fig. 11. At this time, after the sugarcane with larger diameter passes, the synchronous belt 11 is reset under the elastic action of the elastic element 14, so as to realize self-adaptive adjustment.
In addition, when the smaller diameter sugar cane is located between the larger diameter sugar cane among the plurality of sugar cane arranged in the feed path 10, the smaller diameter sugar cane in the feed path 10 is wrapped in the smaller space by the larger diameter sugar cane and the timing belt 11, at this time, the smaller diameter space of the smaller diameter sugar cane, at this time, the smaller diameter sugar cane is pushed forward by the larger diameter sugar cane until the smaller space does not leave the conveying timing belt 11 even in front of the conveying direction, and then the arrangement condition of the sugar cane in the feed path 10 is the same as the case of the above-described feed path 10 in the form of an eight letter with a narrow front and a wide rear end, as shown in fig. 11.
When a certain amount of sugarcanes exist in the distributing temporary storage area 8, the distributing driving mechanism drives the distributing part to rotate, so that loose sugarcanes can be stacked and conveyed into the straight sorting area 9, and the enclasping action is performed under the action of the enclasping frame, so that the stacking of the sugarcanes is realized, and the bundling and the collection are conveniently performed.
The self-adaptive sugarcane vertical conveying stacking device 2 solves the technical problems of vertical ordered conveying and vertical ordered stacking of whole stalks, which can be applied to field production, of cut-and-laid sugarcane harvesting, provides key technology and equipment support for continuous automatic harvesting of a sugarcane whole stalk harvester, solves the problems of industrial difficulty and pain points of research and development of sugarcane whole stalk harvesting technical equipment, improves the comprehensive competitiveness of high-quality mechanized harvesting of sugarcane in China, and promotes sustainable innovative development of sugarcane industry in China.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications can be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The self-adaptive vertical sugarcane conveying stacker is characterized by comprising a conveying device and a stacking device, wherein the stacking device is arranged behind the conveying device along the moving direction of sugarcane; wherein,,
the conveying device comprises a plurality of groups of vertical feeding modules, each group of vertical feeding modules comprises two power feeding mechanisms which are oppositely arranged, each power feeding mechanism comprises a plurality of belt feeding assemblies with self-adaptive functions, and the plurality of belt feeding assemblies are arranged in the vertical direction; the two power feeding mechanisms of each group of vertical feeding modules are provided with a plurality of belt feeding assemblies in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the two corresponding belt feeding assemblies on the two power feeding mechanisms form a feeding channel for sugarcane movement; each belt feeding assembly comprises a synchronous belt and a conveying driving mechanism for driving the synchronous belt to operate, two end parts of the synchronous belt are arranged on the frame through self-adaptive adjusting assemblies, each self-adaptive adjusting assembly comprises a linear guide module and an elastic element, the end parts of the synchronous belt are connected with the linear guide modules, and in a natural state, the synchronous belt keeps a horizontal posture under the elastic action of the elastic elements;
the belt feeding assemblies share one conveying driving mechanism, the conveying driving mechanism comprises a power rod, a toothed chain transmission assembly and a power source for driving the power rod to rotate, the power rod is arranged in an extending mode along the vertical direction and is connected with the power source, and the toothed chain transmission assembly is provided with a plurality of belt feeding assemblies and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of belt feeding assemblies; the toothed chain transmission assembly comprises a driving gear, a driven gear and a chain, wherein the chain is arranged between the driving gear and the driven gear in a surrounding manner, the driving gear is arranged on the power rod, and the driven gear is arranged on a pulley shaft of one pulley;
the adaptive adjustment assembly further includes a swing stabilization assembly including a first swing arm and a second swing arm; the self-adaptive adjusting assembly is arranged on the mounting plate, and the power rod is rotationally connected in the middle of the mounting plate; one end of the first swing arm is connected with the belt wheel shaft, and the other end of the first swing arm is connected with the second swing arm through a floating rod; one end of the second swing arm is rotationally connected with the floating rod, and the other end of the second swing arm is rotationally connected with the power rod; the mounting plate is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove for guiding the floating rod to rotate around the power rod; an auxiliary toothed chain component is arranged on the floating rod of one of the self-adaptive adjusting components corresponding to the same belt feeding component, and the auxiliary toothed chain component is respectively connected with the power rod and the belt wheel shaft;
the stacking device comprises a guide frame and a stacking and distributing mechanism; the guide frame is provided with an allocation temporary storage area which is arranged in front of the feeding channel and is communicated with the feeding channel; the stacking and distributing mechanism comprises a distributing piece and a distributing driving mechanism for driving the distributing piece to rotate, the distributing piece is rotationally connected to the guide frame, and a sweeping track when the distributing piece rotates passes through the distributing temporary storage area;
under the working state, after the sugarcane in the vertical posture enters the feeding channel, when passing through a plurality of groups of vertical feeding modules, the sugarcane is positioned between the belt feeding assemblies of the two power feeding mechanisms and is particularly positioned between the two synchronous belts, and at the moment, the sugarcane is driven by the conveying driving mechanism to move forwards in the vertical posture through the synchronous belts and is gradually and temporarily stacked in the distributing temporary storage area of the guide frame of the stacking device; in the conveying process, a plurality of sugarcanes pass through the feeding channel, when the sugarcanes with larger diameters enter or are pushed out of the feeding channel, the sugarcanes with larger diameters can generate extrusion force for extruding outwards on the end parts of the synchronous belts, so that the self-adaptive adjusting assemblies at the two ends of the two belt feeding assemblies all overcome the elasticity of the elastic elements to move inwards and outwards, the synchronous belts at the two sides of the feeding channel are driven to change in inner and outer movement and the tension, the distance between the front end section or the rear end section of the feeding channel is self-adaptive to the sugarcanes, the synchronous belts at the two sides of the feeding channel can be always tightly attached to the sugarcanes, and the sugarcanes with larger diameters can be ensured to pass smoothly; if the diameter of the adjacent sugarcane is smaller, the end part of the synchronous belt moves to enable the synchronous belt to be in an inclined posture, so that the synchronous belt can be clung to the sugarcane with larger or smaller diameter at the same time; meanwhile, the tension of the synchronous belt is increased, so that the friction force of the synchronous belt is increased, the sugarcane with different diameters is ensured to be fully contacted and driven to move forwards together, and the self-adaption process of the conveying device to the sugarcane with different diameters is realized; when the sugarcane with smaller diameter is positioned between two sugarcanes with larger diameter, continuous sugarcane conveying can be carried out by pushing the sugarcane with larger diameter at the rear;
when a certain amount of sugarcane is stored in the distributing temporary storage area, the distributing driving mechanism drives the distributing part to rotate, so that loose sugarcane can be piled up for bundling and collecting; the distributing driving mechanism can be driven in an intermittent motion mode by combining the speed of the conveying device.
2. The adaptive sugarcane vertical transport stacker of claim 1, wherein said belt feed assembly further comprises two pulleys, said timing belt being circumferentially disposed between said two pulleys, both of said two pulleys being mounted on a frame by said adaptive adjustment assembly; the linear guide module comprises a guide rail and a slide block, wherein a pulley shaft is arranged on the pulley, the pulley shaft is connected with the slide block through a connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece is rotationally connected with the pulley shaft, and the other end of the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the slide block.
3. The self-adaptive vertical sugarcane conveying stacker as claimed in claim 1, wherein a guide wheel is arranged at the lower end of the floating rod, the guide wheel is matched with the arc-shaped guide groove, and the limit of swing of the floating rod is realized by sliding of the guide wheel on the arc-shaped guide groove, so that the smoothness and precision of the device in action are improved.
4. The adaptive sugarcane vertical transport stacker of claim 1 wherein in the two power feed mechanisms of each vertical feed module group, the timing belts of the two belt feed assemblies corresponding to each other are staggered with each other along the transport direction of sugarcane.
5. The adaptive sugarcane vertical type conveying stacker as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distributing temporary storage area is arranged in an arc shape, one end of the distributing temporary storage area is connected with the front end of the feeding channel, and the other end of the distributing temporary storage area extends upwards.
6. The adaptive sugarcane vertical type conveying stacker according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the distributing member comprises a rotating rod and a plurality of rotary paddles arranged on the rotating rod, the middle part of the rotary paddles is fixedly connected with the rotating rod, stirring parts for stirring sugarcane are formed on two sides of the rotary paddles, and the rotary rod is connected with a power output shaft of the distributing driving mechanism.
7. The adaptive sugarcane vertical type conveying stacker as claimed in claim 1 wherein a straight channel sequencing area is further arranged on the guide frame and is arranged in front of the distributing temporary storage area; the stacking and distributing mechanism further comprises a enclasping mechanism, the enclasping mechanism comprises an enclasping frame which is rotationally connected to the frame and a enclasping driving mechanism which drives the enclasping frame to rotate, and the enclasping frame comprises a plurality of arc-shaped pieces which are in arc-shaped arrangement.
8. The adaptive sugarcane vertical transport stacker of claim 7, wherein the guide frame comprises a bottom guide assembly comprising two oppositely disposed bottom guide plates, the staging area and the straight run sequencing area each surrounded by two of the bottom guide plates, and an upper guide assembly comprising two oppositely disposed upper guides having path extension trajectories that correspond to the staging area and the straight run sequencing area.
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| CN214545709U (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-02 | 广西红科农业机械有限责任公司 | Sugarcane feeding mechanism of sugarcane cutting and stacking machine |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9788489B2 (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2017-10-17 | Ea Broekema Bv | Sugarcane harvesting machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000023536A (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-01-25 | Matsuyama Plow Mfg Co Ltd | Harvester |
| CN101411268A (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2009-04-22 | 乔宏岳 | Header of corn cutter for harvesting stem and ear of with self-adaption row spacing |
| CN101491181A (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2009-07-29 | 武汉科技学院 | Ramie combine harvester |
| CN204031821U (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-12-24 | 宋永君 | A kind of vertical crop cropper |
| CN214545709U (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-02 | 广西红科农业机械有限责任公司 | Sugarcane feeding mechanism of sugarcane cutting and stacking machine |
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