CN114943441A - POI data-based regional soil pollution health risk assessment method - Google Patents
POI data-based regional soil pollution health risk assessment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a POI data-based regional soil pollution health risk assessment method, which comprises the following steps: POI data of a target area are obtained through an electronic map; acquiring spatial geographic data of an area through a public map website; dividing the POI data according to industry types and land types; dividing a target area into different small plots according to the space geographic data; calculating the weight of different types of data of each plot by using the POI data through a certain calculation rule; identifying exposure routes and exposure parameters of a target population; acquiring soil pollutant content data of a target area according to an actual measurement result or public data; calculating health risk values of target groups under different land types by adopting a health risk evaluation model; and visualizing the health risk assessment result through GIS software. The method can realize the fine assessment of the soil pollution health risk on the regional scale and visualize the result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil pollution risk assessment and management. In particular to a method for evaluating the health risk of regional soil pollution based on POI data.
Background
With the development of urbanization and industrialization, various toxic and harmful substances enter soil, and pollutants accumulated in the soil are ingested by human bodies through various exposure ways to cause health risks.
A four-step health risk assessment model proposed by the United states EPA (environmental protection agency) can calculate health risk values of different people through pollution investigation and exposure assessment of a field, and the method is widely used.
The land utilization (including the reutilization of a polluted site after the remediation) on the regional scale (such as the areas of Jingjin Ji, Long triangle and the like) is various, and more attention of researchers is paid to the development of regional scale risk assessment in recent years. The regional soil pollution health risk assessment can provide decision basis for regional soil pollution risk regional hierarchical management and control.
The traditional soil pollution health risk assessment method is mainly used for small-scale range (namely single field), the land type is single, the method is high in limitation on the field range, and urgent requirements of soil pollution health risk assessment on regional scale cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is provided based on the above requirements, and the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for evaluating health risk of soil pollution in an area based on POI data for realizing fine evaluation of the health risk of soil pollution in an area scale.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for assessing regional soil pollution health risk based on POI data comprises the following steps:
POI data of a target area are obtained through an electronic map;
classifying the POI data based on the industry type and the land type to obtain a classification result;
according to spatial geographic data, carrying out spatial division on the target area to obtain each land unit, wherein the spatial geographic data comprises road network data and target area boundary vector data;
performing nuclear density analysis on the classification result based on each land occupation obtained by division to obtain a nuclear density ratio of each category in each land occupation;
acquiring soil pollutant content data of the target area;
selecting a target crowd, and dividing the target crowd according to the same classification mode as the POI data; analyzing the activity area, the exposure path and the exposure parameters of the crowd in each category to obtain an analysis result;
processing the analysis result and the soil pollutant content data by using a health risk assessment model to obtain a health risk value of the crowd in each category;
and carrying out weighted summation on the nuclear density ratio and the health risk values of the corresponding categories to obtain the comprehensive health risk value of each land utilization unit.
Optionally, after the POI data of the target area is acquired, the method includes:
and preprocessing POI data, and removing repeated data and unclear data of the type and data of which the actual facility floor area is smaller than a preset area threshold value.
Optionally, the spatially dividing the target area based on the spatial geographic data includes:
dividing road network data of a target area based on the use and the construction standard to obtain road data of different grades;
and based on the boundary vector data of the target area, combining the road data of different levels with the urban road data and the cell road data of the target area, carrying out topology, connection, redundancy deletion, road suspension and buffer area establishment on the road network data of each level of the target area, and dividing to obtain each land use unit.
Optionally, the geographic coordinate systems of the POI data and the road network data are consistent, and a corresponding coordinate system is selected according to the longitude and latitude where the target area is located.
Optionally, the health risk assessment model comprises:
wherein, ADD is the daily average exposure dose of the contaminant, C is the concentration of the contaminant in a certain environmental medium, IR is the intake, EF is the exposure frequency, ED is the exposure duration, AT is the average exposure time, BW is the body weight;
the non-oncogenic risk assessment algorithm is:
wherein R is the non-carcinogenic risk of exposing a human body to a pollutant, ADD is the daily exposure dose of the pollutant, RfD is a reference dose of the pollutant under a certain exposure route;
the oncogenic risk assessment algorithm is:
r ═ Q × ADD or R ═ Q × ADD
Wherein, R is the carcinogenic risk of the human body exposing a certain pollutant, Q is the carcinogenic intensity coefficient of the human body estimated by animals, and Q is the carcinogenic intensity coefficient of the human body estimated by the crowd data.
Optionally, the health risk value is visualized using GIS techniques.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the system have the advantages that the POI data and the spatial geographic data are used, the soil pollution health risk level of each land type in the area is comprehensively considered, the small-scale soil pollution health risk assessment method can be expanded to the area scale, and the fine assessment of the soil pollution health risk on the area scale can be realized.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present specification, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for assessing risk of area soil contamination based on POI data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a soil pollution health risk value of a target population on an area scale according to a POI data-based area soil pollution health risk assessment method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distribution of health risk values of a certain area in a method for evaluating health risk of area soil pollution based on POI data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For the convenience of understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments, which are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a Point of Interest (POI) data-based method for assessing health risk of soil pollution in an area, the flow of which is shown in fig. 1, and the method includes:
s1: POI data of the target area are obtained through the electronic map.
The POI data includes latitude and longitude, location, coordinate system, facility name and category.
After POI data of the target area are obtained, the method comprises the following steps:
and preprocessing the POI data, and removing repeated data, unclear data of the type and data of which the actual facility floor area is smaller than a preset area threshold value.
And acquiring POI data of the target area according to the target area information, and cleaning and classifying the data. Various types of POI data may be obtained from the mapping application. Due to the fact that the number of part of POI data is large, the distribution is wide, the occupied area of corresponding actual facilities is small, the public cognition degree is low, and subsequent calculation contents such as toilets and small shops are influenced; this portion of data needs to be culled first. The original POI data also has the problems of more classifications, data repetition and unclear classification, and the data needs to be removed when the data is cleaned.
S2: and classifying the POI data based on the industry type and the land use type to obtain a classification result.
In the embodiment of the present invention, POI data is classified into industrial sites, residential sites, public management sites, commercial sites, transportation facility sites, green sites, and square sites.
S3: and according to the spatial geographic data, carrying out spatial division on the target area to obtain each land-use unit, wherein the spatial geographic data comprises road network data and target area boundary vector data.
Based on the spatial geographic data, the target area is spatially divided, and the method comprises the following steps:
and dividing the road network data of the target area based on the purpose and the construction standard to obtain road data of different grades.
And based on the boundary vector data of the target area, combining the road data of different levels with the urban road data and the cell road data of the target area, carrying out topology, connection, redundancy deletion, road suspension and buffer area establishment on the road network data of each level of the target area, and dividing to obtain each land use unit.
Road network information of the corresponding area of the embodiment is acquired from an Open Street Map (OSM) website (https:// wiki. The roads in the OSM can be divided into different grades according to different purposes and construction standards, and part of the roads can be selected according to actual requirements in operation. The embodiment selects roads up to four levels, and combines urban roads and residential roads to ensure that different land units are divided. Firstly, carrying out topology, connection, redundant road deletion and road suspension on road network data of the levels to ensure that the subsequent operation is normally carried out; then, a buffer area is established, the buffer width of the buffer area is set according to actual requirements, for example, the buffer area width is set to be 20m, 10m and 5m according to road grades; and finally, dividing the whole area into different small area units according to the road and the buffer area thereof.
S4: and performing nuclear density analysis on the classification result based on each land occupation unit obtained by division to obtain a nuclear density ratio of each category in each land occupation unit.
When the weight occupied by different types of data is calculated through the POI points, a method of kernel density estimation is adopted for calculation, and the influence of different places on health risk values and the cognitive degree of the public on the places can be comprehensively considered by using the method, and the overall land use distribution of the region is reflected.
And performing nuclear density analysis on the classified data on the basis of the land utilization units to complete grid point conversion and connection.
And ensuring that the geographic coordinate systems of the POI data and the road network data are consistent, and selecting a corresponding appropriate coordinate system according to the longitude and latitude of the target area.
After obtaining the nuclear density ratio of each category in each plot, the next step needs to obtain the soil pollution health risk value of the target population on the regional scale, and the specific flow is shown in fig. 2 and specifically includes S5-S7.
S5: and acquiring soil pollutant content data of the target area.
And investigating the soil environment quality of the target area to obtain the content of pollutants such as heavy metals in the surface soil of the target area.
In order to make the pollutant content obtained by investigation accurate, the target area needs to be known as much as possible, including collecting the data of the polluted site, sending professional personnel to the site for investigation and interviewing the personnel related to the polluted site, and performing meticulous investigation and analysis to perform stationing on the target area; the stationing method comprises a random stationing method, a system stationing method, a partition stationing method and a professional judgment method, and a proper stationing method is selected according to specific conditions; after the point distribution is finished, confirming the point location again to ensure that the point location is error-free, sampling based on each point location to obtain a soil sample of the point location; the sampling method comprises the steps of layered sampling and surface layer sampling.
And analyzing the soil samples of all point positions of the target area to obtain the content of pollutants such as heavy metals in the surface soil of the target area.
The concentration of pollutants can be obtained by actual measurement, and the measurement method can refer to documents such as technical Specification for soil environmental monitoring (HJ/T166) and technical guide for environmental heavy metal pollution health monitoring (trial), Ware supervision and issue (2010) 188, and the like; or obtain relevant information by combining the existing published data.
The range of the target area can be divided into different schemes for acquiring the content of the pollutants, if the range is smaller, for example, the target area is only a school, the content of the pollutants obtained by the method is investigated, and the method does not take too long time, labor cost and material resources; however, if the range is large, for example, when the target area is a city, a district or a country, in order to reduce the labor cost and material resources, the data of the soil pollutant content of the target area can be obtained by cooperation with other school parties or enterprises.
S6: selecting target crowds, and dividing the target crowds according to the same classification mode as the POI data; analyzing the activity area, the exposure way and the exposure parameter of each group of people obtained by division to obtain an analysis result.
In this step, the method includes:
firstly, selecting target crowds, and dividing the area and the site into different land types according to the same classification mode as the POI data.
The target population is then analyzed for activity area, exposure route, and exposure parameters.
The crowd can be divided according to attributes such as different age groups or occupation types; for example, the population may be divided by age into infants, children, adolescents and adults.
The exposure parameters can be classified according to categories into intake parameters, time activity parameters, and other exposure parameters; the related data can be obtained by questionnaire survey, or refer to the related data such as Chinese population exposure parameter manual.
The exposure route includes: firstly, soil is taken in through mouth; contacting the skin with soil; sucking soil particles; fourthly, sucking the gaseous pollutants from the surface soil in the outdoor air; absorbing gaseous pollutant from lower soil in outdoor air; sixthly, sucking the gaseous pollutants from the lower soil in the indoor air.
The corresponding situation of the embodiment is soil heavy metal pollution, and domestic water is supplied by a local water supply plant, so that a breathing and inhaling gaseous pollutant exposure way and a drinking underground water exposure way do not exist; the corresponding exposure routes were oral ingestion of soil, skin contact with soil and inhalation of soil particles.
The values of the relevant parameters required by the calculation can be found from documents such as 'guide of soil pollution risk assessment technology for construction land' (HJ 25.3) and the like.
S7: and processing the analysis result and the soil pollutant content data by using a health risk assessment model to obtain the health risk value of the crowd in each category.
The health risk assessment model includes:
wherein, ADD is the daily average exposure dose of the contaminant, C is the concentration of the contaminant in a certain environmental medium, IR is the intake, EF is the exposure frequency, ED is the exposure duration, AT is the average exposure time, BW is the body weight;
the non-oncogenic risk assessment algorithm is:
wherein R is the non-carcinogenic risk of a human body for exposing a certain pollutant, ADD is the daily average exposure dose of the pollutant, RfD is a reference dose of the pollutant under a certain exposure route;
the oncogenic risk assessment algorithm is:
R-Q-xADD or R-Q-xADD
Wherein, R is the carcinogenic risk of exposing a certain pollutant to human body, Q is the carcinogenic intensity coefficient of human body deduced from animal, and Q is the carcinogenic intensity coefficient of human body estimated by crowd data.
And calculating the health risk values of the target population under different land types by using the health risk assessment model.
S8: and carrying out weighted summation on the nuclear density ratio and the health risk values of the corresponding categories to obtain a comprehensive health risk value of each land-used unit.
And weighting and calculating comprehensive health risk values of different plot units by combining the nuclear density ratios corresponding to different POI points and the calculated health risk values.
Optionally, the health risk value is visualized using GIS technology.
And by the calculation function of GIS software, taking the ratio of the nuclear density of each POI point to the total nuclear density as a weight, calculating by combining the calculated health risk values corresponding to different land types to obtain the comprehensive health risk value of each land unit, and visualizing the result.
Selecting a proper color band in GIS software, and outputting the calculated health risk value in a map form; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of health risk values in a certain area obtained by obtaining the comprehensive health risk values of different plot units in the certain area and then visualizing the values by using GIS software.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the soil pollution risks of various land types are comprehensively considered by using the POI data and the spatial geographic data, the small-scale soil pollution health risk assessment method can be expanded to an area scale, and the fine assessment of the soil pollution health risks on the area scale can be realized.
An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is characterized in that: the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the above-described POI data-based regional soil contamination health risk assessment method.
In particular, any combination of one or more computer-readable media may be employed. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for assessing regional soil pollution health risk based on POI data is characterized by comprising the following steps:
POI data of a target area are obtained through an electronic map;
classifying the POI data based on the industry type and the land type to obtain a classification result;
according to spatial geographic data, carrying out spatial division on the target area to obtain each land unit, wherein the spatial geographic data comprises road network data and target area boundary vector data;
performing nuclear density analysis on the classification result based on each land occupation unit obtained by division to obtain a nuclear density ratio of each category in each land occupation unit;
acquiring soil pollutant content data of the target area;
selecting target crowds, and dividing the target crowds according to the same classification mode as the POI data; analyzing the activity area, the exposure way and the exposure parameter of the crowd in each category obtained by division to obtain an analysis result;
processing the analysis result and the soil pollutant content data by using a health risk assessment model to obtain a health risk value of the crowd in each category;
and carrying out weighted summation on the nuclear density ratio and the health risk values of the corresponding categories to obtain the comprehensive health risk value of each land utilization unit.
2. The method for assessing the health risk of regional soil pollution based on POI data according to claim 1, wherein after the POI data of the target region is obtained, the method comprises the following steps:
and preprocessing the POI data, and removing repeated data, unclear data of the type and data of which the actual facility floor area is smaller than a preset area threshold value.
3. The method for assessing the health risk of regional soil pollution based on POI data according to claim 1, wherein the spatial division of the target region based on the spatial geographic data comprises:
dividing road network data of a target area based on the use and the construction standard to obtain road data of different grades;
and combining road data of different levels with urban road data and cell road data of the target area based on the boundary vector data of the target area, performing topology, connection, redundancy deletion, road suspension and buffer area establishment on road network data of each level of the target area, and dividing to obtain each land use unit.
4. The method for assessing the risk of health of regional soil pollution based on POI data according to claim 1, wherein the POI data is consistent with the geographic coordinate system of the road network data, and the corresponding coordinate system is selected according to the longitude and latitude of the target region.
5. The POI data-based regional soil pollution health risk assessment method according to claim 1, wherein the health risk assessment model comprises:
wherein, ADD is the daily average exposure dose of the contaminant, C is the concentration of the contaminant in a certain environmental medium, IR is the intake, EF is the exposure frequency, ED is the exposure duration, AT is the average exposure time, BW is the body weight;
the non-oncogenic risk assessment algorithm is:
wherein R is the non-carcinogenic risk of a human body for exposing a certain pollutant, ADD is the daily average exposure dose of the pollutant, RfD is a reference dose of the pollutant under a certain exposure route;
the oncogenic risk assessment algorithm is:
r ═ Q × ADD or R ═ Q × ADD
Wherein, R is the carcinogenic risk of the human body exposing a certain pollutant, Q is the carcinogenic intensity coefficient of the human body estimated by animals, and Q is the carcinogenic intensity coefficient of the human body estimated by the crowd data.
6. The method for assessing the health risk of regional soil pollution based on POI data as claimed in claim 1, wherein the health risk value is visualized using GIS technology.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116384777A (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-07-04 | 北京科技大学 | Indoor VOCs exposure risk prediction method and device for children group |
| CN117408515A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-16 | 北京市生态环境保护科学研究院 | Site pollution risk assessment method for coupling receptor dynamic behavior track |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116384777A (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-07-04 | 北京科技大学 | Indoor VOCs exposure risk prediction method and device for children group |
| CN116384777B (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-08-15 | 北京科技大学 | Indoor VOCs exposure risk prediction method and device for children group |
| CN117408515A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-16 | 北京市生态环境保护科学研究院 | Site pollution risk assessment method for coupling receptor dynamic behavior track |
| CN117408515B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-03-29 | 北京市生态环境保护科学研究院 | Site pollution risk assessment method for coupling receptor dynamic behavior track |
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