CN114940888B - Refrigerant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Refrigerant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114940888B CN114940888B CN202210752175.2A CN202210752175A CN114940888B CN 114940888 B CN114940888 B CN 114940888B CN 202210752175 A CN202210752175 A CN 202210752175A CN 114940888 B CN114940888 B CN 114940888B
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- tetrafluoropropene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/40—Replacement mixtures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The application provides a refrigerant and a preparation method thereof. The refrigerant is formed by combining a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component; the first component comprises hexafluoropropylene; the second component comprises 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; the third component comprises fluoroethane; the fourth component comprises one of difluoromethane and trifluoroiodomethane. The mixed refrigerant is formed by combining four components with different ozone depletion potential, so that the global warming potential is low, the ozone depletion potential ODP value is zero, and the environmental performance is excellent; the mixed refrigerant has good thermodynamic performance, the flammability is better than that of R290, the safety is greatly improved compared with that of the R290, and the thermodynamic performance is equivalent to that of the R290.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to a refrigerant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In an effort to achieve carbon neutralization as quickly as possible in order to reduce carbon emissions, hydrofluorocarbon (HFCs) refrigerants such as R32, R410A, etc. are subject to cut-down and elimination. The natural working medium R290 has excellent environmental protection performance (ODP =0, GWP = 3), does not damage the ozone layer, has a refrigerant with a lower GWP value, and very meets the current requirement on the environmental performance of the refrigerant. However, when the refrigerant is applied to refrigerating occasions such as household air conditioners, mobile air conditioners, refrigerators, small freezers and freezers, the R290 refrigerant is difficult to market due to the fact that the refrigerant has strong flammability (belongs to A3 type flammable refrigerants) and has great shortage in safety. Therefore, a refrigerant with good environmental protection performance, high safety and thermal performance equivalent to or even better than that of R290 needs to be replaced so as to meet the requirements of the refrigerant on environmental protection, safety and high efficiency to the maximum extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present application provides a refrigerant and a preparation method thereof, which can solve the problem that R290 has a great disadvantage in safety due to its excellent environmental protection performance in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a refrigerant, which is composed of a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component;
the first component comprises hexafluoropropylene; the second component comprises 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; the third component comprises fluoroethane; the fourth component comprises one of difluoromethane and trifluoroiodomethane.
Optionally, the mole percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are sequentially: 5% -20%, 60% -85% and 5% -20%.
Optionally, the mole percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are sequentially: 10% -20%, 5% -15%, 65% -85% and 5% -15%.
Optionally, the mole percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are sequentially: 10% -15%, 65% -80% and 10% -15%.
Optionally, the mole percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are sequentially: 10% -15%, 65% -75% and 10% -15%.
Optionally, the mole percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are, in order: 10% -15%, 65% -70% and 10% -15%.
Optionally, the mole percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are, in order: 5%, 80% and 10%.
Optionally, the mole percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are sequentially: 10%, 70% and 10%.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of preparing the refrigerant as described above, comprising:
preparing a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component;
and physically and uniformly mixing the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component at normal temperature.
The refrigerant provided by the application is formed by combining a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component; the first component comprises hexafluoropropylene; the second component comprises 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; the third component comprises fluoroethane; the fourth component comprises one of difluoromethane and trifluoroiodomethane.
The mixed refrigerant is formed by combining four components with different high ozone depletion potential, so that the global warming potential is low, the ODP value of the ozone depletion potential is zero, and the environmental performance is excellent; the mixed refrigerant has good thermodynamic performance, the flammability is better than R290, the safety is greatly improved compared with R290, and the thermodynamic performance is equivalent to that of R290.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the specific embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be practiced in sequences other than those described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
According to an embodiment of the application, a refrigerant is formed by combining a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component;
the first component comprises hexafluoropropylene; the second component comprises 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; the third component comprises fluoroethane; the fourth component comprises one of difluoromethane and trifluoroiodomethane.
The mixed refrigerant is formed by combining four components with different ozone depletion potential, so that the global warming potential is low, the ozone depletion potential ODP value is zero, and the environmental performance is excellent; the mixed refrigerant has good thermodynamic performance, combustibility is better than that of propane (R290), safety is greatly improved compared with R290, and the thermodynamic performance is equivalent to that of R290.
Wherein, GWP of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), fluoroethane (R161), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) is less than 10, so that environmental protection performance is excellent, and environmental protection performance of the refrigerant can be greatly improved by mixing;
meanwhile, R13I1 is a non-flammable component, and the flammability of the mixed refrigerant can be reduced and the safety performance of the mixed refrigerant can be improved by controlling the content of the non-flammable component.
The safety performance of difluoromethane (R32) is better than that of R290, and the volumetric refrigerating capacity of difluoromethane is far greater than that of R290; the coefficient of performance of R161 and R13I1 is higher than that of R290, and the thermodynamic performance of the system can be improved by adding R32, R161 and R13I 1.
In some embodiments, the mass percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component, and the fourth component are, in order: 5% -20%, 60% -85% and 5% -20%.
The preparation method of the refrigerant comprises the following steps:
preparing a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component;
and physically and uniformly mixing the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component at normal temperature.
The basic parameters of each substance used in the present application are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 basic parameters of the component materials
The mixed refrigerant of the present application will be described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically and uniformly mixed at the normal temperature and in the liquid phase according to the molar ratio of 5.
Example 2
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically and uniformly mixed at the normal temperature and in a liquid phase according to a molar ratio of 5.
Example 3
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically and uniformly mixed at the normal temperature and in the liquid phase according to the molar ratio of 5.
Example 4
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically and uniformly mixed at the normal temperature and in the liquid phase according to the molar ratio of 5.
Example 5
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 10.
Example 6
Uniformly mixing four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) at a molar ratio of 15.
Example 7
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 15.
Example 8
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 20.
Example 9
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 20.
Example 10
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161), trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) were physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 5.
Example 11
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 5.
Example 12
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 5.
Example 13
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 5.
Example 14
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 20.
Example 15
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 5.
Example 16
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 10.
Example 17
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 10.
Example 18
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 15.
Comparative example 1
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 15.
Comparative example 2
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and difluoromethane (R32) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 75.
Comparative example 3
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 5.
Comparative example 4
The four components of hexafluoropropylene (R1216), 2, 3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234 yf), fluoroethane (R161) and trifluoroiodomethane (R13I 1) are physically mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of 25.
The results of comparing the GWP, the relative thermal performance (i.e., the relative cooling capacity per unit volume and the relative coefficient of performance COP) and the flammability of the above examples and comparative examples with R290 under the refrigeration conditions (i.e., 10 ℃ evaporation temperature, 40 ℃ condensation temperature, 5 ℃ superheat degree, 5 ℃ supercooling degree, and 0.75 ℃ adiabatic efficiency of the compressor) are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Performance comparison of the working mixture with R290
As can be seen from table 2, the GWPs of the mixed refrigerants provided by the present application are all less than 120, and can meet the control limit requirements of the current based-california amendment on the refrigerant. According to ASHRAE 34, the flammability class of the refrigerant can be classified into 1 (nonflammable), 2L (weak flammable), 2 (flammable) and 3 classes (high flammable), the flammability class of R13I1 and R1216 is 1 class, the flammability class of R1234yf and R32 is 2L, and the flammability class of R161 and R290 is 3 classes, so that the flammability of the mixed refrigerant of all the examples is at least better than that of R290 by adding the R13I1 and R1216 nonflammable working substances to the mixed working substance.
Meanwhile, as can be seen from table 2, the relative volumetric refrigerating capacity and the relative coefficient of performance of the mixed refrigerant are both equivalent to those of R290, and even better, the relative volumetric refrigerating capacity of all the embodiments is greater than 0.95, and the highest volumetric refrigerating capacity is increased by 11% compared with that of R290; the relative coefficient of performance of all the embodiments is larger than 0.93, the thermodynamic performance is excellent, and the refrigerant can be used as an environment-friendly refrigerant for replacing R290.
The contents of the components in comparative examples 1 to 4 are not within the molar ratios provided in the present application, and therefore the relative volumetric refrigeration capacity and the relative coefficient of performance are both small.
In conclusion, the quaternary mixed refrigerant provided by the application not only has the environmental protection characteristics of low GWP and zero ODP, but also has the safety performance superior to that of R290, the thermodynamic performance is equivalent to or even superior to that of the R290 refrigerant, and the R290 can be well replaced.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The refrigerant is characterized by being formed by combining a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component;
the first component comprises hexafluoropropylene; the second component comprises 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; the third component comprises fluoroethane; the fourth component comprises one of difluoromethane and trifluoroiodomethane;
the mole percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are as follows in sequence: 5% -20%, 60% -85% and 5% -20%.
2. The refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the molar percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are, in order: 10% -20%, 5% -15%, 65% -85% and 5% -15%.
3. The refrigerant according to claim 2, wherein the molar percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are, in order: 10% -15%, 65% -70% and 10% -15%.
4. The refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the molar percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are, in order: 5%, 80% and 10%.
5. The refrigerant according to claim 3, wherein the mole percentages of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are, in order: 10%, 70% and 10%.
6. A method for producing a refrigerant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
preparing a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component;
and physically and uniformly mixing the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component at normal temperature.
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