CN114938113A

CN114938113A - Slow-starting permanent magnet motor

Info

Publication number: CN114938113A
Application number: CN202210676135.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王福杰
Original assignee: Shandong Depuda Electric Motor Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Depuda Electric Motor Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-01
Filing date: 2020-09-01
Publication date: 2022-08-23
Also published as: CN112003425B; CN112003425A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of motors or electric automobiles, in particular to a slow-start permanent magnet motor which is provided with a position detection disc, a time control conduction switch and an inertia feedback device. The time control conduction switch is driven by the inertia feedback device to change the position detected by the time control conduction switch, so that the on-off time of the time control conduction switch is controlled by the conduction hole of the position detection disc, and the purpose of controlling the output momentum is achieved. The invention can effectively reduce the acceleration during starting, ensure the driving safety, effectively reduce the current during starting and prolong the service life of the motor.

Description

Slow-starting permanent magnet motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors or electric automobiles, in particular to a slowly-started permanent magnet motor.

Background

In the field of electric automobiles, an electric motor is a main driving part, and the torque output of the electric motor is directly output to wheels without links such as a clutch, so that the torque output of the electric motor is large, and the electric motor has a large back pushing feeling and can be accelerated to a high speed instantly in the starting process of the automobile. These observable challenges have had some bad impact on the occupant. If the driving technology is not good when the automobile runs in a traffic jam, the automobile body can collide with the front automobile to cause rear-end collision if the power switch is turned on. For another example, during the starting process, especially for electric buses, old people on the buses and even young and old people, the old people and even young and old people may be shaken down, so that the safe driving is very unfavorable, and therefore, it is an urgent requirement to design a slow-start permanent magnet motor which can prevent the excessive acceleration and stably start the step.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the slowly-started permanent magnet motor has the advantages that the automobile is prevented from being slowly started due to overlarge starting acceleration.

The technical scheme of the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a slowly start permanent-magnet machine uses a permanent-magnet machine, permanent-magnet machine includes the casing, locates the inside permanent-magnet rotor and the stator of casing, permanent-magnet rotor's axle center is equipped with the pivot, around being equipped with coil winding, its characterized in that on the stator: the permanent magnet motor also comprises a position detection disc, a time control conduction switch and an inertia feedback device; the position detection disc is fixedly connected with the end part of the rotating shaft, a via hole is arranged on the position detection disc, the via hole accounts for 1/n of the circumference in the circumferential direction, and n is the number of stator coil windings; the inertia feedback device is arranged on one side of the position detection disc close to the end part of the rotating shaft;

the inertial feedback device comprises:

the feedback bracket is fixedly connected with the shell, and a feedback slide hole is formed in the feedback bracket; the length direction of the feedback slide hole is the same as the radial direction of the position detection disc and is uniformly distributed on the circumference;

the axis of the feedback rotating shaft is superposed with the axes of the feedback bracket and the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected with the shell;

the feedback cam is rotationally connected with the feedback rotating shaft;

the inertia hammer is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the inertia hammer is fixedly connected with the center of the feedback cam; the front end of the inertia hammer is provided with a baffle plate;

the feedback slide bar is inserted in the feedback slide hole, and the end close to the axis is abutted with the position of the feedback cam, which is the shortest distance from the axis;

a return spring is arranged between the feedback slide bar and the feedback bracket and used for restoring the position of the feedback slide bar;

the inertia locking mechanism is an electromagnetic lock fixedly connected with the shell, and a lock hole is formed in the position, corresponding to a lock bolt of the electromagnetic lock, of the lower end of the inertia hammer;

the time-controlled conduction switch comprises:

the light-emitting element is arranged on one side of the position detection disc close to the rotor and fixedly connected with the shell;

the photosensitive element is arranged on one side of the inertial feedback device close to the end part of the rotating shaft and connected with the end part of the feedback sliding rod, and the initial position of the photosensitive element is flush with one side of the through hole close to the axis;

the photosensitive element is driven to move outwards after the feedback cam rotates, the conducting area of the rotating conducting hole is reduced, and the time for conducting current by the stator coil is further reduced.

Preferably, the via hole is rectangular.

Preferably, when the number of the stator coil windings is odd, the number of the feedback slide holes is the same as the number of the feedback cam protrusions;

when the number of the stator coil windings is even, the number of the feedback slide holes is the same as or half of the number of the stator coil windings; the number of the bulges of the feedback cam is the same as that of the feedback slide holes, at the moment, the feedback slide rod is T-shaped, photosensitive elements are arranged at two ends of the large end of the feedback slide rod, and the distance between the two photosensitive elements is 1/n of the circumference.

Preferably, the feedback slide holes are located on different vertical planes.

Preferably, the center of the side surface of the feedback cam is provided with a track groove, and the end part of the feedback slide rod is inserted in the track groove in a sliding manner.

Preferably, one side of the feedback cam, which is close to the shell, is provided with a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is rotatably connected with the feedback rotating shaft, and the inertia hammer is arranged on the shaft sleeve.

Preferably, one side of the via hole, which is far away from the axis line end, is in an arc-shaped step shape; drawing a reference arc on one side of the through hole close to the axial line end, and gradually approaching the reference arc from one end of the through hole to the other end of the through hole in each step.

Preferably, a sliding support is arranged on the feedback support, and the length of the sliding support is greater than the width of the ring surface of the feedback support; the feedback slide hole is arranged on the feedback bracket;

the sliding support is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting groove is formed in the side wall of the feedback sliding hole;

the two sides of the feedback sliding rod are provided with limiting bulges, and the limiting bulges are inserted in the limiting grooves in a sliding manner;

the reset spring is arranged between the lower ends of the limiting protrusion and the limiting groove.

Preferably, one side of the via hole, which is far away from the axis line end, is in an arc-shaped step shape; and drawing a reference circular arc on one side of the via hole close to the axial line end, wherein one side of the via hole far away from the axial line end is a smooth curve gradually approaching to the reference circular arc.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. effectively reduce the acceleration when starting, guarantee driving safety.

2. Effectively reduce the electric current when starting, prolong the life of motor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an inertial feedback device in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an inertial feedback device of one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a feedback cam of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a via hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a via hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a sliding support according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the conduction time when the via hole of the embodiment of the invention has the shape shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating the turn-on time of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an inertial feedback device of one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a locking device of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a locking device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a locking device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a length schematic of via conduction when the photosensitive element is at different positions.

In the figure:

430. a mounting frame; 401. a cross bar; 414. a return spring; 421. a limiting bulge; 413. a limiting groove; 412. a sliding support; 560. an electromagnet; 550. an electromagnetic lock; 461. a lock hole; 520. a sliding bolt; 510. a slide pipe; 451. a shaft sleeve; 452. a track groove; 130. a baffle plate; 420. a feedback slide bar; 460. an inertial hammer; 450. a feedback cam; 440. a feedback spindle; 411. a feedback slide hole; 410. a feedback bracket; 302. a photosensitive element; 301. a light emitting element; 210. conducting holes; 400. an inertial feedback device; 300. controlling a conducting switch; 200. a position detection plate; 110. a rotating shaft; 120. a housing.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution and the advantages of the present invention clearer, the following explains embodiments of the present invention in further detail.

A slowly-started permanent magnet motor comprises a shell 120, and a permanent magnet rotor and a stator which are arranged inside the shell 120. The axis of the permanent magnet rotor is provided with a rotating shaft 100. And the stator is wound with a coil winding. A time-controlled on-switch 300, a position detection plate 200, and an inertial feedback device 400 are further provided inside or outside the housing 120. The number of the time control conduction switches 300 is the same as that of the stators, the positions of the time control conduction switches 300 correspond to the positions of the stator coil windings one by one, and when the time control conduction switches 300 detect that the rotor rotates to the position of the corresponding stator, the stator coil windings at the position are conducted to drive the rotor to continue rotating. The setting of the position detection switch is known to the person skilled in the art and will not be described further here.

The light emitting element 301 may be a light emitting diode, and the light sensing element 302 may be a phototransistor. In the control circuit, the photosensitive element 302 is connected in series in a control loop of the stator coil winding, or the output end of the photosensitive element 302 controls a switching tube connected in series in the stator coil winding to realize the control of the conduction and the disconnection of the stator winding. Because the stator coil winding is in the in-process of switching on, the electric current is very big, consequently adopts the latter control mode often, controls the break-make of stator coil winding through the switch control of control powerful.

The position detection plate 200 is fixedly connected to an end of the rotation shaft 110. As shown in the drawing, one end of the rotating shaft is fixed by a bearing and then the end thereof is extended. As shown in the drawings, in the present embodiment, the rotating shaft 110 includes an end portion protruding out of the housing and an end portion located inside the housing, and in the present embodiment, an inertial feedback device and the like are all disposed inside the housing to increase the stable and reliable performance thereof. The position detecting plate 200 is designed in a circular shape and has a center fixedly coupled to the rotation shaft 110. The position detection disk 200 is provided with a via hole 210, and the via hole 210 occupies 1/n of the circumference in the circumferential direction, wherein n is the number of stator coil windings. At this time, when the rotor is rotated to the position of the stator coil winding, the stator coil winding is turned on.

The via holes 210 may have different shapes according to different control methods.

The via hole 210 is designed to be rectangular, and the length of an arc line which takes the axial lead as the center of a circle and passes through two ends of the bottom edge of the rectangular via hole 210 is equal to pi/n, wherein n is the number of the stator windings. At this time, the initial position of the photosensor 302 coincides with the position of the lower corner of the rectangular via 210, or is on the bottom side of the lower corner. The length direction of the rectangle is perpendicular to the radial direction, and the center of the rectangle is located in the radial direction.

At this time, the length of the conducting time is changed as shown in fig. 9, as the photosensitive element 302 moves outwards, the two ends are conducted, the middle of the photosensitive element moves out of the rectangular hole to cause shielding, and then the effect of conducting between the two ends and shielding between the two ends is achieved, and the conducting time is reduced. During the rotation of the motor, the inertial feedback device 400 causes the relative position between the position detection disk 200 and the photosensor 302 to change, thereby reducing the on-time.

Also shown in fig. 14, where the arc is the locus of movement of the photosensitive element 302 relative to the via 210, in practice the via 210. As can be seen, the photosensitive elements 302 are at different heights and have different lengths through the vias 210, so that the stator coil windings can only be conducted if the photosensitive elements are located inside the vias 210.

Alternatively, one side of the via hole 210 away from the axial line end is in an arc-shaped step shape; a reference arc is drawn on the side of the via hole 210 near the axial end, and each step from one end of the via hole 210 to the other end gradually approaches the reference arc.

Alternatively, one side of the via hole 210 away from the axial line end is a smooth curve gradually approaching the reference arc.

The length of time for which the switch is turned on at this time changes as shown in fig. 8, and one end is shielded and the other end is turned on.

As shown in fig. 1, two ends of the rotating shaft of the motor are respectively fixed to the motor body through bearings, and one end of the rotating shaft 110 of the motor extends to the outside of the housing 120 to drive the wheel to rotate. The other end of the motor shaft 110 is fixedly connected to the position detection plate 200, and is located inside the housing, and may also be disposed outside the housing. The position detection plate 200 is disposed on a side of the position detection plate 400 close to the end of the rotating shaft 110, that is, the rotating shaft 110 is located on a side where the external wheel is not driven to rotate, which not only does not interfere with the stator and the rotor, but also facilitates installation and fixation of the components of the inertial feedback device 400. The function of the inertial feedback unit 400 is to control the on-time of the stator coils by detecting the change in acceleration, which in turn controls the speed of start-up.

The feedback bracket 410 is used for mounting the inertial feedback device 400, and a feedback slide hole 411 is formed in the upper portion of the feedback bracket.

The feedback bracket 410 may be annular and fixedly attached to the housing of the non-drive end of the motor by a cross bar 401 or to the outer circumferential housing of the motor. The feedback slide holes 411 may be uniformly distributed along the circumference of the ring, and the number of the feedback slide holes is determined according to the number of the stator coil windings. Since the photosensor 302 is controlled to move in the radial direction, the length direction of the feedback slide hole 411 coincides with the radial direction of the rotation shaft 110.

Preferably, in order to ensure the stability of the sliding, a sliding bracket 412 is provided on the circumference of the ring, and the length of the sliding bracket 412 is greater than the width of the ring-shaped feedback bracket 410, or the width of the feedback bracket 410 is set longer. The feedback slide hole 411 is then provided on the slide holder 412. The sliding bracket 412 may be integrally formed with the feedback bracket 410, or may be formed by a combination of connections.

The feedback brackets may also be arcuate or polygonal. Or the feedback bracket is a long rod directly connected to the right housing 120, and the other end of the long rod is in the same vertical plane and parallel to the plane of the position detection plate 200.

Alternatively, only the sliding bracket 412 may be provided, and the sliding bracket 412 may be directly and fixedly connected to the housing 120 through the cross bar 401.

The feedback slide rod 420 is inserted into the feedback slide hole 411 and can slide in the feedback slide hole 411 in the axial direction thereof, and in the initial position, the proximal end of the feedback slide rod 420 abuts against the position of the feedback cam 450 which is shortest from the axial center. The distal axial end of the feedback slide rod 420 coincides with the proximal axial side of the through hole 210 and with the position of the start stator coil winding. The method for determining the position of starting or conducting the stator coil winding belongs to the prior art and is not described herein again.

In this embodiment, the feedback bracket 410 is annular, and the annular bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right housing 120 through the cross bar 401. Feedback slide holes 411 having the same length direction as the radial direction of the position detection plate 200 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the feedback bracket 410. The feedback slide holes 411 are parallel on the same vertical plane.

In order to realize the return of the feedback slide 420, a return spring is provided between the feedback slide 420 and the feedback bracket 410 to restore the position of the feedback slide 420.

Preferably, the return spring 414 is disposed inside the sliding bracket 412 to prevent the cooling wind from blowing the spring to cause malfunction, which results in a decrease in vehicle speed. At this time, the sliding bracket 412 is provided with a limiting groove 413, and the limiting groove 413 is opened on the side wall of the feedback sliding hole 411. Two sides of the feedback sliding rod 420 are provided with limiting protrusions 421, and the limiting protrusions 421 are inserted in the limiting grooves 413 in a sliding manner; the return spring 414 is disposed between the stopper protrusion 421 and the lower end of the stopper groove 413. As shown in the figure, the lower end of the return spring 414 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the limiting groove 413, the upper end of the return spring 414 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the limiting protrusion 421, and the return spring 414 adopts a tension spring and is automatically reset after being stretched.

To effect the driving of the feedback slide 420, it is controlled using a feedback cam 450. The feedback cam 450 is disposed in the middle of the feedback bracket 410. The middle portion of the feedback cam 450 is rotatably connected to the feedback shaft 110, and the feedback shaft 440 is fixedly connected to the housing 120, as shown in the figure, the vertical housing portion at the right end of the housing of the feedback shaft 110 is fixedly connected. The axis of the feedback shaft 440 coincides with the axes of the feedback bracket 410 and the shaft 110.

The feedback cam 450 is an intermediate transmission member and the power member driving the feedback slide 420 to move is an inertia weight 460. The inertia weight 460 is vertically disposed and the upper end of the inertia weight 460 is fixedly coupled to the center of the feedback cam 450.

Preferably, in order to ensure stable sliding of the feedback slide bar 420, a track groove 452 is formed at the center of the side surface of the feedback cam 450, and the end of the feedback slide bar 420 is slidably inserted into the track groove 452.

Further, in order to avoid the limitation of the feedback bracket 410 and the feedback slide rod 420 on the swing range of the inertia weight 460, a shaft sleeve 451 is arranged on one surface of the feedback cam 450 close to the housing, the shaft sleeve 451 is rotatably connected with the feedback rotating shaft 440, and the inertia weight 460 is arranged on the shaft sleeve 451. The plane of oscillation of the inertial weight is now in a different plane from the plane of the feedback mount 410, thus avoiding interference. If the swing amplitude is small, that is, the number of stator coil windings is large, and the radian of the circumference occupied by each stator winding is short, the swing range of the inertia hammer 460 is small, so that the whole conduction period can be controlled, and a shaft sleeve does not need to be arranged at this time.

Preferably, in order to maintain stability, a baffle 130 is arranged in front of the inertia hammer, and the inertia hammer swings and collides with the baffle to quickly restore stability. The front is the front of the whole automobile, and the rotating shaft of the motor is in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-back direction.

Or the inertia hammer adopts a ferrous material. The baffle has certain magnetism, can break away from the attraction of magnetism and swing as long as start-up moment is greater than certain degree. The activation threshold may thus be defined by setting the magnetic size of the flapper, and the inertial feedback device 400 is activated only when the motor output torque exceeds the activation threshold at the time of start-up.

During the straight driving, if the acceleration is too large, the inertia weight 460 swings backward, and the path of the photosensor 302 passing through the via hole 210 can be shortened by the swing, and the speed can be reduced. At this time, the shutter is located at the front of the inertia weight 460, and the front of the inertia weight 460 and the shutter 130 abut with each other with the inertia weight 460 in the initial state, i.e., the vertical state. The inertial weight 460 is blocked by the blocking plate when returning to its initial position and thus can be quickly returned to its numerical state. Further, in order to recover the stability quickly, the baffle is made of a non-rigid material, or the outer side of the baffle is coated with a flexible material, such as rubber, sponge and the like.

The timed on-switch 300 comprises a light emitting element 301 and a light sensitive element 302. The light emitting element 301 is disposed on the side of the position detection plate 200 close to the rotor and is fixedly connected to the housing 120. The photosensitive element 302 is disposed on one side of the inertial feedback device 400 near the end of the rotating shaft and connected to the end of the feedback sliding rod 420, and the initial position of the photosensitive element 302 is flush with one side of the via hole 210 near the shaft center. That is, the light emitting element 301 and the photosensor 302 sandwich the position detection plate 200 and the inertial feedback device 400. The light emitting element 301 may be fixedly connected to the housing by a rail or a bracket.

The feedback cam 450 rotates to drive the photosensitive element 302 to move outward, and the conducting area of the rotating via hole 210 is reduced, so that the time for conducting current by the stator coil is reduced.

In a normal state, the feedback slide bar 420 abuts against the position of the proximal point of the feedback cam 450, when the automobile is suddenly started at a high acceleration, the inertia hammer 460 swings backwards, and then the feedback cam 450 rotates, and after the feedback cam 450 rotates, the proximal point moves towards the distal point, and then the feedback slide bar 420 is pushed to move outwards. At this time, the feedback slide bar 420 drives the photosensitive element 302 to move outward, and according to the above, the momentum output is reduced after the photosensitive element 302 moves outward, so as to reduce the vehicle speed, which is not repeated here.

When the number of the stator coil windings is odd, the number of the feedback slide holes 411 and the number of the protrusions of the feedback cam 450 are the same. The position of the photosensor 302 at the end of the feedback slide rod 420 disposed in the feedback slide hole 411 coincides with the position of the start conduction of the stator coil winding.

When the number of the stator coil windings is even, the number of the feedback slide holes 411 is the same as or half of the number of the stator coil windings. In order to save space and avoid interference of parts, the number of the feedback slide holes 411 is set to be half of the number of the stator coil windings in the present embodiment. On the basis of this, the method is suitable for the production,

the number of the protrusions of the feedback cam 450 is the same as the number of the feedback slide holes 411, at this time, the feedback slide bar 420 is T-shaped, the photosensitive elements 302 are installed at both ends of the large end of the feedback slide bar 420, and the distance between the two photosensitive elements 302 is 1/n of the circumference. That is, the photosensitive elements 302 are mounted at two ends of the mounting frame 430 at the end of the feedback slide bar 420, and the two photosensitive elements 302 correspond to the positions of the two stator coil windings for starting conduction, respectively.

In this embodiment, the number of stators is 6, and three feedback slide holes 411 are provided. A T-shaped feedback slide bar 420 with a mounting rack 430 is inserted into the feedback slide hole 411. That is, the outer end of the feedback rod 420 is branched to mount the two photosensors 302.

When the number of stators is small, the inertia weight 460 needs to swing to a large extent to control the whole conduction interval of the stator coil winding, and at this time, the T-shaped feedback slide bar 420 having the mounting frame 430 may cause interference, so that in order to avoid the above problem, when the number of stators is small, each of the feedback slide holes 411 is disposed on different vertical surfaces, and at the same time, the feedback slide holes are ensured to be uniformly distributed on the circumference as viewed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. When the number of stators is large, the above problem does not occur.

Further, to lock the inertial feedback device 400, an inertial locking mechanism is provided.

The lock body includes a slide tube 510, a slide bolt 520. The slide tube 510 is fixedly connected with the housing 120 and extends to the outside of the housing 120; the sliding bolt 520 is T-shaped, and the small end of the sliding bolt 520 is slidably arranged inside the sliding tube 510. The inertial hammer 460 is provided with a lock hole corresponding to the position of the sliding tube 510. The sliding bolt 520 is inserted into the locking hole of the inertia hammer after being pushed into the motor, thereby locking the inertia feedback apparatus 400. In order to realize automatic control, the big end of the sliding bolt 520 can be matched with an electromagnet, and the sliding bolt 520 can be pushed in and pulled out by arranging a permanent magnet at the end of the sliding bolt 520 and then controlling the direction of current by the electromagnet.

The control module comprises an operating rod, the operating rod is arranged in the cab and is linked with the sliding bolt through a connecting rod, and the operating rod is a mechanism similar to a gear or a hand brake.

When electromagnetic control is adopted, the control module comprises a self-locking switch button and an electromagnetic lock 550, a lock bolt of the electromagnetic lock is connected with the sliding rod, the electromagnetic lock is electrically connected with the self-locking button switch, and the self-locking button switch is arranged on the steering wheel. Or the self-locking button switch is arranged on the operation panel.

The self-locking button switch is a self-holding switch, is kept in a closed position after being pressed once, and is kept in an open position after being pressed once.

Alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the locking body is an electromagnetic lock 550, the electromagnetic lock 550 is fixedly connected with the shell 120, and a lock hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the lock bolt of the electromagnetic lock 550, of the lower end of the inertia hammer 460; locking of the inertial feedback device 400 may be accomplished by controlling the electromagnetic lock 550. At the moment, the control module is a self-locking button switch, the electromagnetic lock is electrically connected with the self-locking button switch, and the self-locking button switch is arranged on the steering wheel;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the locking mechanism is an electromagnet 560, and the inertia hammer 460 is an iron block; the upper end of the iron core of the electromagnet 560 is in contact with the lower end of the inertia hammer 460, the control module is a self-locking switch button or a speed regulation switch, the electromagnetic lock is electrically connected with the self-locking button switch or the speed regulation switch, and the self-locking button switch is arranged on a steering wheel and an operation panel of a cab. The attraction force of the electromagnet is adjusted by setting the magnitude of the conduction current of the electromagnet, so that the aim of locking can be fulfilled, and the aim of adjusting the starting threshold value of the inertia feedback device 400 can be fulfilled. The speed regulating switch can be a speed regulating switch of a household electric fan.

By applying the motor to the automobile, the problem of too violent starting can be effectively prevented, and the safety of drivers and passengers and other people can be further ensured.

In summary, the present invention is only a preferred embodiment, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it is possible for a worker skilled in the art to make various changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and all equivalent changes and modifications in the shape, structure, characteristics and spirit described in the scope of the claims of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a slowly start permanent-magnet machine, includes casing (120), locates casing (120) inside permanent magnet rotor and stator, permanent magnet rotor's axle center is equipped with pivot (110), around being equipped with coil winding, its characterized in that on the stator:

the device comprises a position detection disc (200), a time control conduction switch (300) and an inertial feedback device (400);

the position detection disc (200) is fixedly connected with the end part of the rotating shaft (110), a through hole (210) is formed in the position detection disc (200), the through hole (210) occupies 1/n of the circumference in the circumferential direction, wherein n is the number of stator coil windings;

the inertial feedback device (400) is arranged on one side, close to the end part of the rotating shaft (110), of the position detection disc (200);

the inertial feedback device (400) comprises:

the feedback bracket (410) is fixedly connected with the shell (120), and a feedback sliding hole (411) is formed in the feedback bracket (410); the length direction of the feedback slide holes (411) is the same as the radial direction of the position detection disc (200) and is uniformly distributed on the circumference;

the axis of the feedback rotating shaft (440) is superposed with the axes of the feedback bracket (410) and the rotating shaft (110) and is fixedly connected with the shell (120);

a feedback cam (450) rotatably connected to the feedback rotary shaft (440);

the inertia hammer (460) is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the inertia hammer (460) is fixedly connected with the center of the feedback cam (450); a baffle (130) is arranged at the front end of the inertia hammer (460);

the feedback sliding rod (420) is inserted in the feedback sliding hole (411), and the end close to the axis is abutted with the position, with the shortest distance from the axis, of the feedback cam (450);

a return spring is arranged between the feedback sliding rod (420) and the feedback bracket (410) and is used for restoring the position of the feedback sliding rod (420);

the inertia locking mechanism is an electromagnetic lock (550) fixedly connected with the shell (120), and a lock hole (461) is formed in the position, corresponding to the lock bolt of the electromagnetic lock (550), of the lower end of the inertia hammer (460);

the time-controlled conduction switch (300) comprises:

a light-emitting element (301) which is provided on the side of the position detection disk (200) close to the rotor and is fixedly connected to the housing (120);

the photosensitive element (302) is arranged on one side, close to the end of the rotating shaft, of the inertial feedback device (400) and is connected with the end of the feedback sliding rod (420), and the initial position of the photosensitive element (302) is flush with one side, close to the shaft center, of the through hole (210);

the feedback cam (450) drives the photosensitive element (302) to move outwards after rotating, at the moment, the conducting area of the rotating conducting hole (210) is reduced, and the time for conducting current by the stator coil is further reduced.

2. A soft start permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, wherein:

the via hole (210) has a rectangular shape.

3. The slowly-starting permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that:

when the stator coil windings are odd numbers, the number of the feedback slide holes (411) and the number of the protrusions of the feedback cam (450) are the same;

when the number of the stator coil windings is even, the number of the feedback slide holes (411) is the same as or half of the number of the stator coil windings; the number of the bulges of the feedback cam (450) is the same as that of the feedback sliding holes (411), at the moment, the feedback sliding rod (420) is T-shaped, photosensitive elements (302) are installed at two ends of the large end of the feedback sliding rod (420), and the distance between the two photosensitive elements (302) is 1/n of the circumference.

4. A soft start permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, wherein:

the feedback slide holes (411) are located on different vertical planes.

5. A soft start permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, wherein:

the center of the side surface of the feedback cam (450) is provided with a track groove (452), and the end part of the feedback sliding rod (420) is inserted in the track groove (452) in a sliding manner.

6. A soft start permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, wherein:

one side of the feedback cam (450) close to the shell is provided with a shaft sleeve (451), the shaft sleeve (451) is rotationally connected with the feedback rotating shaft (440), and the inertia hammer (460) is arranged on the shaft sleeve (451).

7. A soft start permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, wherein:

one side of the through hole (210) far away from the axial line end is in an arc-shaped step shape; a reference arc is drawn on one side of the through hole (210) close to the axial line end, and each step from one end to the other end of the through hole (210) gradually approaches to the reference arc.

8. A soft start permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, wherein:

a sliding support (412) is arranged on the feedback support (410), and the length of the sliding support (412) is greater than the width of the ring surface of the feedback support (410); the feedback slide hole (411) is arranged on the feedback bracket (410);

a limiting groove (413) is formed in the sliding support (412), and the limiting groove (413) is formed in the side wall of the feedback sliding hole (411);

two sides of the feedback sliding rod (420) are provided with limiting bulges (421), and the limiting bulges (421) are inserted in the limiting grooves (413) in a sliding manner;

the return spring (414) is arranged between the lower ends of the limiting bulge (421) and the limiting groove (413).

9. The slowly-starting permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that:

one side of the through hole (210) far away from the axial line end is in an arc-shaped step shape; a reference circular arc is drawn on one side of the through hole (210) close to the axial line end, and one side of the through hole (210) far away from the axial line end is a smooth curve gradually approaching to the reference circular arc.