CN114936483A - Finite element equivalent modeling method for statics simulation analysis of large bearing - Google Patents
Finite element equivalent modeling method for statics simulation analysis of large bearing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a finite element equivalent modeling method for statics simulation analysis of a large bearing, which comprises the steps of establishing an integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing, and carrying out relative deformation simulation calculation on an inner ring and an outer ring of the bearing to obtain relative deformation simulation data; controlling the relative deformation test data to be matched with the relative deformation simulation data so as to calibrate the integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing; creating a local finite element model of the large bearing, and carrying out stress-strain simulation calculation on an outer ring and an inner ring of the bearing in the local finite element model of the large bearing to obtain stress-strain simulation data; controlling the stress-strain test data to be matched with the stress-strain simulation data so as to calibrate the local finite element model of the large bearing; and carrying out multi-working-condition bearing deformation and strength simulation analysis on the calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing and the calibrated local finite element model of the large bearing.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of bearing statics simulation analysis, in particular to a finite element equivalent modeling method for large-scale bearing statics simulation analysis.
Background
Because the bearing bears the combined action of radial force, axial force and overturning moment in the working process, the statics of the bearing becomes complex, and the stability and the service life of the bearing in operation are influenced. Therefore, the statics analysis of the bearing is the basis for realizing the efficient and stable operation of the bearing. At present, the static analysis of the bearing mainly comprises three aspects: analyzing the relative deformation of the inner track and the outer track; analyzing contact deformation and contact stress of the ball and the track; the strength analysis of the inner rail and the outer rail, and the bearing statics analysis method mainly comprises two methods: firstly, adopting a numerical analysis method of an empirical formula; secondly, a finite element simulation analysis method is adopted. Because the bearing generates nonlinear characteristics such as friction, contact deformation, temperature change and the like in the working process, the theoretical analysis result cannot accurately reflect the real statics characteristic of the bearing; although the existing large ball-bearing inner ring-bearing outer ring integral finite element model constructed based on the finite element analysis method can overcome the defects of the theoretical analysis method, the contact problem of the balls with the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring needs to be considered because the number of the balls in the bearing is large and the model is large, and the large ball-bearing inner ring-bearing outer ring integral finite element model has the following defects in actual use: because the large ball-bearing inner ring-bearing outer ring integral finite element model contains a large number of grid units and a large number of contact units, the units in the model mainly consist of the ball grid units, if the number of the units is small, calculation errors easily occur, the simulation result error is large, the calculation can be carried out only by adopting a large computer workstation, 1 working condition can be calculated and completed in 1 week, and when the contact parameters and the friction coefficients are unreasonably set, the calculation is difficult to converge, the result error is large, the inspection of the model is difficult, and the method is difficult to popularize in engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a finite element equivalent modeling method for statics simulation analysis of a large-scale bearing aiming at the defects of the prior art, so as to solve the problems that the computational efficiency and precision are low, and the practicability and operability are not strong in the conventional bearing statics analysis method.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a finite element equivalent modeling method for statics simulation analysis of a large bearing, where the method includes:
creating a large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model, and carrying out relative deformation simulation calculation on a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring through the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model to obtain relative deformation simulation data, wherein the finite element model of each ball in the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model is replaced by two nonlinear spring units, the nonlinear spring units act when the clearance between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring in the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model is smaller than the clearance, and the spring stiffness is the radial stiffness of the ball; when the clearance between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring in the integral finite element equivalent model of the large-scale bearing is larger than the clearance, the nonlinear spring unit does not work, and the spring stiffness is zero;
calling relative deformation test data, and controlling the relative deformation test data to be matched with the relative deformation simulation data so as to calibrate the integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing; the relative deformation test data is acquired by mounting displacement wire drawing sensors on a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring of the large-scale solid bearing;
creating a local finite element model of the large bearing, and performing stress-strain simulation calculation on an outer ring and an inner ring of the bearing in the local finite element model of the large bearing by taking relative deformation simulation data of the local finite element model of the large bearing and a calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing as excitation input to obtain stress-strain simulation data; the ball finite element model in the large-scale bearing local finite element model is a ball grid finite element model, and the ball is in contact relation with the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring;
calling stress-strain test data, and controlling the stress-strain test data to be matched with stress-strain simulation data so as to calibrate the local finite element model of the large-scale bearing, wherein the stress-strain test data is obtained by respectively arranging a strain gauge on a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring of the large-scale solid bearing for measurement;
and carrying out multi-working-condition bearing deformation and strength simulation analysis on the calibrated integral finite element equivalent model and the calibrated local finite element model of the large bearing, and carrying out strength checking, fatigue calculation and service life prediction to obtain strength checking data, fatigue calculation data and service life prediction data of the bearing.
In one implementation, the creating a large bearing integral finite element equivalent model specifically includes:
creating a finite element model of a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring and a single ball, and carrying out ball radial rigidity simulation calculation through the finite element model of the single ball to obtain ball radial rigidity;
creating two nonlinear spring units, and controlling the two nonlinear spring units to equivalently replace a finite element model of a single ball;
setting the spring stiffness of two nonlinear spring units according to the radial stiffness of the ball;
establishing outer ring connecting nodes at the contact positions of the finite element models of the single balls and the finite element models of the bearing outer ring, and respectively connecting the outer ring connecting nodes with the connecting nodes of the contact area of the bearing outer ring by adopting connecting lines;
establishing inner ring connecting nodes at the contact positions of the finite element models of the single balls and the finite element models of the bearing inner ring, and respectively connecting the inner ring connecting nodes with the connecting nodes of the contact areas of the bearing inner ring by adopting connecting lines;
and respectively establishing a nonlinear spring between the outer ring connecting node and the inner ring connecting node to form an integral finite element equivalent model of the large-scale bearing.
In one implementation, the performing, by using the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model, a simulation calculation of relative deformation of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring to obtain simulation data of relative deformation specifically includes:
adding constraints to the integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing, and applying loads;
and obtaining deformation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring through the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model, and calculating relative deformation simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring according to the deformation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring of the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model.
In one implementation, the invoking the relative deformation test data and controlling the relative deformation test data to be matched with the relative deformation simulation data to calibrate the integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing specifically includes:
adjusting the installation angle of an equivalent nonlinear spring according to the relative deformation test data of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring of the large-scale solid bearing so as to enable the relative deformation test data to be matched with the relative deformation simulation data, and calibrating the integral finite element equivalent model of the large-scale bearing;
in one implementation, the creating a large bearing local finite element model specifically includes:
creating 1/10 a local finite element model of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring 1/10 and creating a finite element model of the total number of the balls 1/10;
and respectively establishing contact relations between the finite element model of the ball and 1/10 and the local finite element model of the inner bearing ring, 1/10 and setting a friction coefficient to form a large-scale bearing local finite element model.
In one implementation manner, the performing stress-strain simulation calculation on the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring in the large bearing local finite element model by using the relative deformation simulation data of the large bearing local finite element model and the calibrated large bearing integral finite element equivalent model as excitation input to obtain the stress-strain simulation data specifically includes:
calculating relative rotation angle simulation data of a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring in the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model according to the calibrated relative deformation simulation data of the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model as excitation input;
applying a relative corner load to the bearing center position in the large bearing local finite element model, and constraining the node degree of freedom of a bearing outer ring in the large bearing local finite element model at a bolt hole;
and performing statics calculation by putting the relative corner simulation data into the large bearing local finite element model to extract stress-strain simulation data on a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring in the large bearing local finite element model.
In one implementation, the invoking stress-strain test data and controlling the stress-strain test data to be identical to the stress-strain simulation data to calibrate the local finite element model of the large bearing specifically includes:
and adjusting contact parameters and friction coefficients of a finite element model of the ball in the local finite element model of the large-sized bearing, the local finite element model of the 1/10 bearing inner ring and the local finite element model of the 1/10 bearing inner ring respectively according to the stress strain test data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring of the large-sized solid bearing, so that the stress test data are matched with the stress simulation data, and the local finite element model of the large-sized bearing is calibrated.
In one implementation, the obtaining of the strength checking data, the fatigue calculation data, and the life prediction data of the bearing by performing multi-condition bearing deformation and strength simulation analysis on the calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing and the local finite element model of the large bearing and performing strength checking, fatigue calculation, and life prediction specifically includes:
applying the force and the overturning moment of the central position of the bearing under each working condition to the calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing, and performing static simulation to obtain relative deformation simulation data of the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing;
calculating relative rotation angle simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring according to the relative deformation simulation data;
applying the relative corner simulation data to a calibrated local finite element model of the large bearing to perform stress-strain simulation analysis so as to obtain stress-strain simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring;
and performing strength checking, fatigue calculation and service life prediction according to the stress-strain simulation data to obtain strength checking data, fatigue calculation data and service life prediction data of the bearing.
A second aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs being executable by one or more processors to implement the steps in the finite element equivalent modeling method of large bearing statics simulation analysis as described above.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a terminal device, including: a processor, a memory, and a communication bus; the memory has stored thereon a computer readable program executable by the processor;
the communication bus realizes connection communication between the processor and the memory;
the processor, when executing the computer readable program, implements the steps in the finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing statics simulation analysis as described above.
Has the advantages that: according to the embodiment of the application, two nonlinear spring units are used for equivalently replacing one ball to create a large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model for bearing deformation calculation, the two nonlinear springs respectively play roles of supporting radial force and axial force, the contact problem of the original ball and the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing does not need to be considered, and therefore the calculation efficiency and the calculation precision are rapidly improved; the method and the device for calculating the static strength of the large-scale bearing local finite element model have the advantages that the large-scale bearing local finite element model for calculating the static strength is created, the maximum stress data and the maximum strain data of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring of the large-scale bearing local finite element model are calculated by taking the deformation simulation data of the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model as excitation input, and compared with the analysis and calculation of all stresses in the prior art, the calculation efficiency, the practicability and the operability are improved, and the popularization is convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without any inventive work.
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an integral finite element model of a ball-bearing inner ring-bearing outer ring in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a specific flowchart of a finite element equivalent modeling method for static simulation analysis of a large bearing provided in the present application.
Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a large bearing integral finite element equivalent model in the finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing statics simulation analysis provided by the present application.
Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a local finite element model of a large bearing in the finite element equivalent modeling method for static simulation analysis of the large bearing provided by the present application.
Fig. 5 is a comparison graph of simulation data and test data of relative deformation of a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring of a large bearing integral finite element equivalent model in the finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing statics simulation analysis provided by the application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application provides a finite element equivalent modeling method for statics simulation analysis of a large-scale bearing, and in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the present application clearer and clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those within the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers and sizes of the steps in this embodiment do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process is determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of this embodiment.
The inventor finds that the bearing statics is complicated due to the combined action of the radial force, the axial force and the overturning moment borne by the bearing in the working process, and the stability and the service life of the bearing operation are influenced. Therefore, the statics analysis of the bearing is the basis for realizing the efficient and stable operation of the bearing. At present, the static analysis of the bearing mainly comprises three aspects: analyzing the relative deformation of the inner track and the outer track; analyzing contact deformation and contact stress of the ball and the track; the strength analysis of the inner rail and the outer rail, and the bearing statics analysis method mainly comprises two methods: firstly, adopting a numerical analysis method of an empirical formula; secondly, adopting a finite element simulation analysis method. Because the bearing generates nonlinear characteristics such as friction, contact deformation, temperature change and the like in the working process, the theoretical analysis result cannot accurately reflect the real statics characteristic of the bearing; although the existing large ball-bearing inner ring-bearing outer ring integral finite element model constructed based on the finite element analysis method can overcome the defects of the theoretical analysis method, the contact problem of the balls with the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring needs to be considered because the number of the balls in the bearing is large and the model is large, and the large ball-bearing inner ring-bearing outer ring integral finite element model has the following defects in actual use: because the large ball-bearing inner ring-bearing outer ring integral finite element model contains a large number of grid units and a large number of contact units, the units in the model mainly consist of the ball grid units, if the number of the units is small, calculation errors easily occur, the simulation result error is large, the calculation can be carried out only by adopting a large computer workstation, 1 working condition can be calculated and completed in 1 week, and when the contact parameters and the friction coefficients are unreasonably set, the calculation is difficult to converge, the result error is large, the inspection of the model is difficult, and the method is difficult to popularize in engineering.
In order to solve the above problems, in the embodiment of the present application, a large bearing integral finite element equivalent model is created, and relative deformation simulation calculation of a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring is performed through the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model to obtain relative deformation simulation data; calling relative deformation test data, and controlling the relative deformation test data to be matched with the relative deformation simulation data so as to calibrate the integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing; creating a local finite element model of the large bearing, and performing stress-strain simulation calculation on a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring in the local finite element model of the large bearing by taking relative deformation simulation data of the local finite element model of the large bearing and a calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing as excitation input to obtain stress-strain simulation data; calling stress-strain test data, and controlling the stress-strain test data to be matched with stress-strain simulation data so as to calibrate the local finite element model of the large bearing; carrying out multi-working-condition bearing deformation and strength simulation analysis on the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model and the large bearing local finite element model, and carrying out strength checking, fatigue calculation and service life prediction to obtain strength checking data, fatigue calculation data and service life prediction data of the bearing; the method is different from the method that statics are analyzed by directly using a large ball-bearing inner ring-bearing outer ring integral finite element model in the prior art, the method adopts two nonlinear spring units to equivalently replace one ball to create the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model for bearing deformation calculation, the two nonlinear springs respectively play a role in supporting radial force and axial force, the original contact problem between the ball and the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring does not need to be considered, and therefore calculation efficiency and calculation accuracy are rapidly improved; the method and the device for calculating the static strength of the large-scale bearing local finite element model have the advantages that the large-scale bearing local finite element model for calculating the static strength is created, the maximum stress data and the maximum strain data of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring of the large-scale bearing local finite element model are calculated by taking the deformation simulation data of the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model as excitation input, and compared with the analysis and calculation of all stresses in the prior art, the calculation efficiency, the practicability and the operability are improved, and the popularization is convenient.
The following further describes the content of the application by describing the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The present embodiment provides a finite element equivalent modeling method for statics simulation analysis of a large bearing, as shown in fig. 1, the method is applied to simulation analysis of deformation and strength of a multi-operating condition bearing to realize statics analysis of the large bearing so that the bearing can operate efficiently and stably, wherein the diameter of the large bearing is defined as a bearing with a diameter of more than 1m in the embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:
s100, establishing a large bearing integral finite element equivalent model, and carrying out relative deformation simulation calculation on a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring through the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model to obtain relative deformation simulation data.
Specifically, the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model is used for deformation calculation of bearing operation, and the specific construction process of the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model is as follows: adopting finite element software to create finite element models of a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring and a single ball, as shown in figure 2, wherein 40 in figure 2 is the ball, then utilizing the finite element software to create a finite element model of a ball clamp, embedding the finite element model of the single ball into the finite element model of the ball clamp, applying radial displacement to the ball, extracting a ball displacement-force curve, and calculating the radial rigidity of the ball through the ball displacement-force curve; creating two nonlinear spring unit cells, and controlling the two nonlinear spring unit cells to equivalently replace a finite element model of a single ball, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the finite element model is composed of a bearing outer ring 10, a bearing inner ring 20 and two nonlinear spring unit cells 30, setting spring stiffness of the two nonlinear spring unit cells 30 according to the radial stiffness of the ball, establishing an outer ring connection node (W _ nodes point) at the contact position of the ball and the bearing outer ring through finite element software, and respectively connecting the outer ring connection node (W _ nodes point) with a connection node (nodes) of the contact area of the bearing outer ring by adopting a connecting line (rb 2); establishing an inner ring connecting node (N _ nodes point) at the contact position of the ball and the bearing inner ring, and respectively connecting the inner ring connecting node (N _ nodes point) with a connecting node (nodes) of the contact area of the bearing inner ring by adopting a connecting line (rb 2); respectively establishing nonlinear spring units between an outer ring connecting node (W _ nodes point) and an inner ring connecting node (N _ nodes point) to form a bearing integral finite element equivalent model, wherein the two nonlinear spring units are used for acting when the clearance between a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring in the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model is smaller than the clearance, and the spring stiffness is the radial stiffness of the ball; when the clearance between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring in the integral finite element equivalent model of the large-scale bearing is larger than the clearance, the nonlinear spring unit does not work, and the spring stiffness is zero. Adding 6 directional freedom degree constraints on a node of a position A of a bolt hole of a bearing outer ring of the created large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model, applying a load at a bearing center B, collecting deformation data of a bearing outer ring U1 and a bearing inner ring U2, and obtaining relative deformation simulation data S (U1-U2) of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring by calculating a difference value of the deformation data of the bearing outer ring U1 and the deformation data of the bearing inner ring U2.
S200, calling relative deformation test data, and controlling the relative deformation test data to be matched with the relative deformation simulation data so as to calibrate the integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing.
Specifically, the relative deformation test data is acquired by installing a displacement wire drawing sensor on a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring of the large solid bearing, the relative deformation test data is represented by T (U1-U2), after the relative deformation test data of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring of the large solid bearing is obtained by T (U1-U2), the coordinate values of a connecting node (W _ nodes point) of the outer ring and a connecting node (N _ nodes point) of the inner ring are designed as variables, the relative deformation test data T (U1-U2) of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring is taken as a target, the coordinate values of the connecting node (W _ nodes point) of the outer ring and the connecting node (N _ nodes point) of the inner ring are finally determined through optimization iterative calculation, the angle of the nonlinear spring unit is changed accordingly, and the relative deformation simulation data S (U1-U2) is consistent with the relative deformation test data T (U1-U2), performing statics analysis on the calibrated large bearing integral finite element equivalent model by calibrating the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model, wherein the comparison result of the relative deformation simulation data S (U1-U2) and the relative deformation test data T (U1-U2) is shown in FIG. 5, the goodness of fit of the two is 91.2% in the 0-degree direction and 92.8% in the 90-degree direction; the goodness of fit of the two components is 90.9% in the 180-degree direction; the goodness of fit between the two is 98.4% in the direction of 270 degrees. The matching degree of the relative deformation simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring of the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model and the relative deformation data of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring of the large-scale solid bearing is more than 90 percent, which shows that the established large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model for deformation calculation is accurate.
S300, creating a local finite element model of the large bearing, and performing stress-strain simulation calculation on a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring in the local finite element model of the large bearing by taking relative deformation simulation data of the local finite element model of the large bearing and the calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing as excitation input to obtain stress-strain simulation data.
Specifically, finite element software is adopted to create 1/10 a local finite element model of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring 1/10 and a finite element model of 1/10 balls, wherein the finite element model of the 1/10 balls is a ball grid finite element model, the local finite element model of 1/10 can just better reflect the actual stress-strain state in the use process, if the local finite element model deforms again, the error becomes larger, and the effect is not as good as that of the local finite element model of 1/10; because the contact relation exists between the ball and the bearing inner ring in the bearing, the contact relation between the ball and a local finite element model of 1/10 bearing inner ring and a local finite element model of 1/10 bearing inner ring are respectively established, and friction coefficients are set to form a large-scale bearing local finite element model, in the embodiment, relative deformation simulation data S (U1-U2) obtained by calculating a large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model is utilized, and relative rotation angle data theta (U1-U2) between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring is calculated through the relative deformation simulation data S (U1-U2); then applying a relative corner load at the position B of the bearing center, and restraining the 6-direction freedom degree of a node at a bolt hole of the bearing outer ring; and substituting the relative angle data theta (U1-U2) into a local finite element equivalent model of the large-scale bearing for statics calculation so as to respectively extract stress strain simulation data of a U1 point of the outer ring of the bearing and a U2 point of the inner ring of the bearing.
S400, invoking stress-strain test data, and controlling the stress-strain test data to be matched with stress-strain simulation data so as to calibrate the local finite element model of the large bearing.
Specifically, the stress-strain test data is obtained by measuring strain gauges respectively arranged on a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring of the large solid bearing, namely: strain gauges are respectively arranged on the bearing outer ring U1 and the bearing inner ring U2, and stress test data sigma TU1, epsilon TU1, sigma TU2 and epsilon TU2 of the bearing outer ring U1 and the bearing inner ring U2 are tested; designing contact parameters and friction coefficients of a bearing outer ring U1 and a bearing inner ring U2 as variables, taking stress-strain test data sigma TU1, epsilon TU1, sigma TU2 and epsilon TU2 of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring as targets, finally determining the contact parameters and the friction coefficients through optimization iterative calculation so that the stress-strain test data are matched with the stress-strain simulation data to calibrate the local finite element model of the large bearing, performing stress-strain simulation on the calibrated local finite element equivalent model of the large bearing, and extracting stress-strain simulation data sigma SU1, epsilon SU1, sigma SU2 and epsilon SU2 of the stress-strain of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring; and comparing the stress-strain simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring with the stress-strain test data, and the comparison results are shown in tables 1, 2, 3 and 4.
TABLE 1 bearing outer race stress comparison results
| Stress (MPa) | 0° | 90° | 180° | 270° |
| σ TU1 | 2566 | 2133 | 2243 | 2312 |
| σ SU1 | 2348 | 1976 | 2096 | 2111 |
| Goodness of fit (%) | 91.5％ | 92.6％ | 93.4％ | 91.3％ |
TABLE 2 bearing inner race stress comparison results
| Stress (MPa) | 0° | 90° | 180° | 270° |
| σ TU2 | 2342 | 1865 | 2073 | 2168 |
| σ SU2 | 2457 | 1938 | 1994 | 2036 |
| Goodness of fit (%) | 95.3％ | 96.2％ | 96.2％ | 93.9％ |
TABLE 3 bearing outer race Strain comparison results
| Strain of | 0° | 90° | 180° | 270° |
| ε TU1 | 0.071 | 0.066 | 0.069 | 0.07 |
| ε SU1 | 0.065 | 0.061 | 0.065 | 0.067 |
| Goodness of fit (%) | 91.5％ | 92.4％ | 94.2％ | 95.7％ |
TABLE 4 bearing inner race Strain comparison results
| Strain of | 0° | 90° | 180° | 270° |
| ε TU2 | 0.064 | 0.061 | 0.063 | 0.065 |
| ε SU2 | 0.067 | 0.065 | 0.058 | 0.062 |
| Goodness of fit (%) | 95.5％ | 93.8％ | 92.1％ | 95.4％ |
The matching degree of the stress-strain simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring in the large bearing local finite element model and the stress-strain test data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring in the large solid bearing is larger than 90%, which shows that the established large bearing local finite element model for calculating the static strength is accurate and can truly reflect the static characteristics of the bearing.
S500, performing multi-working-condition bearing deformation and strength simulation analysis on the calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing and the calibrated local finite element model of the large bearing, and performing strength checking, fatigue calculation and service life prediction to obtain strength checking data, fatigue calculation data and service life prediction data of the bearing.
Specifically, the force and the overturning moment of the central position of the bearing under each working condition are applied to a calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing, static simulation is carried out to obtain relative deformation simulation data of the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing, a wind power bearing is taken as an example, common working conditions, limit working conditions and fatigue working conditions of a fan are designed according to turbulence intensity and wind speed, and the force F and the overturning moment M of the central position B of the bearing under each working condition are calculated according to an empirical formula; applying the force and the overturning moment at the position B of the bearing center to the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model for deformation calculation, calculating relative deformation simulation data of a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring of the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model, and calculating relative rotation angle simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring according to the relative deformation simulation data; applying the relative corner simulation data to a calibrated local finite element model of the large bearing to perform stress-strain simulation analysis so as to obtain stress-strain simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring; and performing strength checking, fatigue calculation and service life prediction according to the stress-strain simulation data to obtain strength checking data, fatigue calculation data and service life prediction data of the bearing.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs being executable by one or more processors to implement the steps in the finite element equivalent modeling method of large bearing statics simulation analysis as described above.
Based on the finite element equivalent modeling method of the static simulation analysis of the large bearing, the present application also provides a terminal device, as shown in fig. 6, which includes at least one processor (processor) 20; a display screen 21; and a memory (memory)22, and may further include a communication Interface (Communications Interface)23 and a bus 24. The processor 20, the display 21, the memory 22 and the communication interface 23 can communicate with each other through the bus 24. The display screen 21 is configured to display a user guidance interface preset in the initial setting mode. The communication interface 23 may transmit information. Processor 20 may call logic instructions in memory 22 to perform the methods in the embodiments described above.
Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 22 may be implemented in software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product.
The memory 22, which is a computer-readable storage medium, may be configured to store a software program, a computer-executable program, such as program instructions or modules corresponding to the methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 20 executes the functional application and data processing, i.e. implements the method in the above-described embodiments, by executing the software program, instructions or modules stored in the memory 22.
The memory 22 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the terminal device, and the like. Further, the memory 22 may include a high speed random access memory and may also include a non-volatile memory. For example, a variety of media that can store program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, may also be transient storage media.
In addition, the specific processes loaded and executed by the storage medium and the instruction processors in the mobile terminal are described in detail in the method, and are not stated herein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A finite element equivalent modeling method for statics simulation analysis of a large bearing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
creating a large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model, and carrying out relative deformation simulation calculation on a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring through the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model to obtain relative deformation simulation data, wherein the finite element model of each ball in the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model is replaced by two nonlinear spring units, the nonlinear spring units act when the clearance between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring in the large-scale bearing integral finite element equivalent model is smaller than the clearance, and the spring stiffness is the radial stiffness of the ball; when the clearance between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring in the integral finite element equivalent model of the large-scale bearing is larger than the clearance, the nonlinear spring unit does not work, and the spring stiffness is zero;
calling relative deformation test data, and controlling the relative deformation test data to be matched with the relative deformation simulation data so as to calibrate the integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing; the relative deformation test data is acquired by mounting displacement wire drawing sensors on a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring of the large-scale solid bearing;
creating a local finite element model of the large bearing, and performing stress-strain simulation calculation on a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring in the local finite element model of the large bearing by taking relative deformation simulation data of the local finite element model of the large bearing and a calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing as excitation input to obtain stress-strain simulation data; the ball finite element model in the large-scale bearing local finite element model is a ball grid finite element model, and the ball is in contact relation with the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring;
calling stress-strain test data, and controlling the stress-strain test data to be matched with stress-strain simulation data so as to calibrate the local finite element model of the large-sized bearing, wherein the stress-strain test data is obtained by respectively arranging a strain gauge on a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring of the large-sized solid bearing;
and carrying out multi-working-condition bearing deformation and strength simulation analysis on the calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing and the calibrated local finite element model of the large bearing, and carrying out strength checking, fatigue calculation and service life prediction to obtain strength checking data, fatigue calculation data and service life prediction data of the bearing.
2. A finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing static simulation analysis according to claim 1, wherein the creating of the large bearing overall finite element equivalent model specifically comprises:
creating finite element models of a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring and a single ball, and carrying out ball radial rigidity simulation calculation through the finite element models of the single ball to obtain ball radial rigidity;
creating two nonlinear spring units, and controlling the two nonlinear spring units to equivalently replace a finite element model of a single ball;
setting the spring stiffness of the two nonlinear spring units according to the radial stiffness of the ball;
establishing outer ring connecting nodes at the contact positions of the finite element models of the single balls and the finite element models of the bearing outer ring, and respectively connecting the outer ring connecting nodes with the connecting nodes of the contact area of the bearing outer ring by adopting connecting lines;
establishing inner ring connecting nodes at the contact positions of the finite element models of the single balls and the finite element models of the bearing inner ring, and respectively connecting the inner ring connecting nodes with the connecting nodes of the contact area of the bearing inner ring by adopting connecting lines;
and respectively establishing a nonlinear spring between the outer ring connecting node and the inner ring connecting node to form an integral finite element equivalent model of the large-scale bearing.
3. The finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing statics simulation analysis according to claim 2, wherein the performing the relative deformation simulation calculation of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring by the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model to obtain the relative deformation simulation data specifically comprises:
adding constraints to the integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing, and applying loads;
and obtaining deformation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring through the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model, and calculating relative deformation simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring according to the deformation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring of the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model.
4. A finite element equivalent modeling method for static simulation analysis of a large bearing according to claim 1, wherein the calling of the relative deformation test data and the controlling of the relative deformation test data to be matched with the relative deformation simulation data to calibrate the overall finite element equivalent model of the large bearing specifically comprises:
and adjusting the installation angle of the equivalent nonlinear spring according to the relative deformation test data of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring of the large-scale solid bearing so as to enable the relative deformation test data to be matched with the relative deformation simulation data, thereby calibrating the integral finite element equivalent model of the large-scale bearing.
5. A finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing statics simulation analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that said creating a large bearing local finite element model specifically comprises:
creating 1/10 a local finite element model of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring 1/10 and creating a finite element model of the total number of the balls 1/10;
and respectively establishing contact relations between the finite element model of the ball and 1/10 and the local finite element model of the inner bearing ring, 1/10 and setting a friction coefficient to form a large-scale bearing local finite element model.
6. The finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing statics simulation analysis according to claim 5, wherein the stress-strain simulation calculation of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring in the large bearing local finite element model is performed by using the relative deformation simulation data of the large bearing local finite element model and the calibrated large bearing overall finite element equivalent model as excitation input, so as to obtain the stress-strain simulation data specifically comprises:
calculating relative rotation angle simulation data of a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring in the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model according to the calibrated relative deformation simulation data of the large bearing integral finite element equivalent model as excitation input;
applying a relative corner load to the bearing center position in the large bearing local finite element model, and constraining the node degree of freedom of a bearing outer ring in the large bearing local finite element model at a bolt hole;
and performing statics calculation by putting the relative corner simulation data into the large bearing local finite element model to extract stress-strain simulation data on a bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring in the large bearing local finite element model.
7. A finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing statics simulation analysis according to claim 6, wherein the invoking stress-strain test data and controlling the stress-strain test data to be identical with the stress-strain simulation data to calibrate the local finite element model of the large bearing specifically comprises:
and adjusting contact parameters and friction coefficients of a finite element model of the ball in the local finite element model of the large-sized bearing, the local finite element model of the 1/10 bearing inner ring and the local finite element model of the 1/10 bearing inner ring respectively according to the stress strain test data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring of the large-sized solid bearing, so that the stress test data are matched with the stress simulation data, and the local finite element model of the large-sized bearing is calibrated.
8. The finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing statics simulation analysis according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the strength check data, the fatigue calculation data and the life prediction data of the bearing by performing multi-condition bearing deformation and strength simulation analysis on the calibrated large bearing whole finite element equivalent model and the large bearing local finite element model specifically comprises:
applying the force and the overturning moment of the central position of the bearing under each working condition to the calibrated integral finite element equivalent model of the large bearing, and performing static simulation to obtain relative deformation simulation data of the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing;
calculating relative rotation angle simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring according to the relative deformation simulation data;
applying the relative corner simulation data to a calibrated local finite element model of the large bearing to perform stress-strain simulation analysis so as to obtain stress-strain simulation data of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring;
and performing strength checking, fatigue calculation and service life prediction according to the stress-strain simulation data to obtain strength checking data, fatigue calculation data and service life prediction data of the bearing.
9. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores one or more programs which are executable by one or more processors to implement the steps in the finite element equivalent modeling method of large bearing statics simulation analysis according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A terminal device, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a communication bus; the memory has stored thereon a computer readable program executable by the processor;
the communication bus realizes connection communication between the processor and the memory;
the processor, when executing the computer readable program, performs the steps in the finite element equivalent modeling method for large bearing statics simulation analysis of any of claims 1-8.
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