CN114927810A - Multifunctional battery cover plate, cover plate thickness determination method and power battery system - Google Patents
Multifunctional battery cover plate, cover plate thickness determination method and power battery system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
- H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/14—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery for protecting against damage caused by external factors
- H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional battery cover plate, a cover plate thickness determination method and a power battery system. Power battery system, including electric core, busbar, battery box and the battery apron that links to each other with the battery box, the battery box can cool off electric core from upper and lower two sides simultaneously with the battery apron. The top of the battery cell and the busbar are on the same plane and can be simultaneously contacted with the battery cover plate, so that the top of the battery cell is cooled; the power battery system has the function of inhibiting the thermal runaway of the battery core, and the cooling liquid in the content cavity of the cover plate can flow into the battery from the damaged position to extinguish the thermal runaway battery core, stop the thermal runaway and protect the safety of a user; and the power battery system has high integration level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power system batteries, and particularly relates to a battery cover plate with cooling and fire extinguishing functions, a battery cover plate thickness determining method and a power battery system.
Background
One of the factors limiting the charging speed of the battery is the temperature rise of the battery, the battery generates a large amount of heat under the condition of high-power charging, the temperature of the battery rises sharply, if the heat of the battery cannot be dissipated quickly, and the charging time is difficult to be further shortened. At present, the liquid cooling scheme is mainly used in the industry to cool the battery core, so that the temperature of the battery in the charging process is controlled. For a common square battery cell, the cooling device acts on the bottom of the battery cell more. However, the most serious position that generates heat of the battery core is the pole of the battery core, the position is located at the top of the battery core and is far away from the cooling device, a large amount of heat generated by the pole needs to be conducted to the bottom of the battery core through the whole battery core and is taken away by the cooling device, the path of heat transfer is very long, and the heat dissipation area is limited. And to common square electric core, because the utmost point post at electric core top is higher than electric core top plane, utmost point post position is the highest position of temperature, and has welded the busbar on the utmost point post, leads to electric core top unevenness, and cooling device can act on the face very little, and the vast majority at electric core top can't receive the cooling, and cooling capacity has the restriction.
Biedi company has disclosed a blade electricity core, and the utmost point post of electricity core is located electric core both ends, and the top and the bottom of electricity core are level and smooth, and this kind of structure brings the feasibility for arranging the cooling piece at electric core top, but the heat that electric core utmost point post position produced still need pass through the inside cooling device that transmits of electric core on, has restricted cooling capacity's further promotion.
Once thermal runaway occurs in the power battery system in the using process, the temperature of the runaway battery cell can be rapidly increased and flame is sprayed out, and the life safety of a user can be harmed by high-temperature smoke; the heat of the out-of-control cell can also be conducted to the adjacent cell, so that the temperature of the adjacent cell is increased and then out of control is caused successively, and a fire hazard is caused. At present, the mode that mainly leads high temperature flue gas to the relief valve at battery system edge through designing the water conservancy diversion passageway in the battery package in the trade to arrange outside the battery package to arrange the apron that can prevent flame from spouting in power battery system's inside side, avoid high temperature flue gas to get into passenger compartment and injure the user.
The Ningde time company has invented a spray pipeline in a battery pack, which is characterized by that a pipeline with cooling liquid is arranged above the electric core, when the electric core is out of control by heat, the sprayed flame can spray said pipeline, and the internal cooling liquid can be flowed into the out-of-control electric core to extinguish the flame. However, the spraying pipeline needs to be installed independently, the integration is low, the only function of the spraying pipeline is fire extinguishing, and the function is single.
Meanwhile, a power battery system common in the industry has a battery cover plate arranged above the battery system to realize the sealing of the battery system. A large number of cooling parts and fireproof parts occupy certain weight and volume, and further increase of the energy density of the battery is limited. The BYD company provides a battery cover plate with a cooling function, air-conditioning refrigerants are introduced into the cover plate, and the battery is cooled by absorbing heat through the phase change of the refrigerants. However, in a power battery system having a large size, the refrigerant causes a large temperature difference.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery cover plate with cooling and fire extinguishing functions, a battery cover plate thickness determining method and a highly integrated power battery system, and aims to solve the problems of improving the cooling capacity of the top of a battery core, realizing thermal runaway suppression and improving the integration degree of the power battery system.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional battery cover plate is a battery cover plate 4; the battery cover plate 4 is internally provided with a containing cavity for flowing cooling liquid, at least one external interface is used for flowing in the cooling liquid, at least one external interface is used for flowing out the cooling liquid, a groove is arranged below the battery cover plate 4, and the groove is positioned right above the explosion-proof valve of the battery core 1.
Furthermore, the material of the battery cover plate 4 is aluminum or other alloys, the lower surface of the battery cover plate 4 is provided with an insulating layer, and the material of the insulating layer is polyurethane or epoxy resin.
A multifunctional battery cover plate thickness determination method comprises the following steps:
s1, giving an initial value to the thickness sigma of the battery cover plate 4;
s2, after the battery cell 1 is subjected to valve spraying, the battery cover plate 4 appears a hole after N seconds and starts spraying, and a target value is set for N;
s3, iteratively calculating the temperature T of the corresponding position of the battery cover plate 4N seconds after the valve is sprayed on the battery cell 1 according to the following formula N ；
Where M ═ ρ S σ;
in the formula, rho is the density of the material used for the battery cover plate 4, S is the hole area of the cell spray valve, and C is the specific heat capacity of the material used for the battery cover plate 4;
t n 、t n+1 duration after the valve is sprayed for cell 1, for convenient calculation, t n+1 -t n A fixed value can be taken;
T fn is t n The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of the spray valve of the battery cell 1 at any moment can be measured by tests;
h is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the gas of the spray valve to the battery cover plate 4;
xi is a heat dissipation coefficient, and is taken according to experience;
T n 、T n+1 is t n 、t n+1 At the moment the temperature, T, of the battery cover plate 4 corresponding to the position of the spray valve 0 Is the initial temperature of the battery cover plate 4; when t is n+1 When N, calculated T n+1 Namely the temperature T of the corresponding position of the battery cover plate 4 after the battery core is sprayed for N seconds N ；
S4, calculating T N If T is compared with the melting point of the material of the battery cover plate 4 N If the melting point is lower than the melting point, the process goes to S5; if T is N If not, entering S6;
s5, reducing the value of sigma, and entering S3;
and S6, the thickness sigma of the battery cover plate 4 can meet the requirement of spraying starting time, and the calculation is finished.
Further, step S1, where σ is 1, step S2, N is 10, step S3, and t is n+1 -t n ＝1，ξ＝0.143，T 0 ＝35。
A power battery system mainly comprises a battery cell 1, a bus bar 2, a battery box body 3 and a battery cover plate 4 connected with the battery box body 3; the battery box body 3 and the battery cover plate 4 can cool the battery core 1 from the upper surface and the lower surface at the same time;
the battery cell 1 mainly comprises a shell, a pole piece, a positive pole and a negative pole; the upper surface of the top of the shell is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and the plane where the explosion-proof valve is located is a first plane; the positive pole column and the negative pole column are positioned at two ends of the top of the battery cell, the top of the pole column is a second plane, and the second plane is 1-3 mm lower than the first plane;
after the busbar 2 is welded with the battery cell pole, the top surface of the busbar 2 and the first plane of the battery cell 1 are positioned on the same plane; battery box 3 possesses the liquid cooling function, is equipped with the one or more chamber that hold that are used for placing electric core in it, and battery apron 4 bottom contacts simultaneously with 2 tops of busbar, 1 top first plane of electric core, all has heat conduction filler material between battery apron 4 bottom and busbar 2, between battery apron 4 and the 1 top first plane of electric core, and the surface recess is just to electric core explosion-proof valve under the battery apron 4.
Furthermore, the shell is square, the length of the shell is 150 mm-600 mm, the thickness of the shell is 20 mm-70 mm, the height of the shell is 70 mm-150 mm, and the thickness of the bus bar 2 is 1 mm-3 mm.
Further, the width of the first plane is equal to the thickness of the battery core, and the length of the first plane is 60% -99% of the length of the battery core.
Furthermore, the battery box body 3 mainly comprises a box body frame 2.1 and a box body bottom plate 2.2 screwed with the box body frame 2.1, a containing cavity for cooling liquid to flow is arranged in the box body bottom plate 2.2, and at least one external interface is used for cooling liquid to flow in; at least one external port is provided for the outflow of cooling fluid.
Furthermore, the battery cell 1 is bonded in the accommodating cavity of the battery box body 3, and a heat-conducting filling material is arranged between the bottom of the battery cell 1 and the contact surface of the box body bottom plate 2.2, wherein the heat-conducting filling material is polyurethane or epoxy resin.
Further, the battery cover plate 4 and the battery box 3 are screwed or bonded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the battery cover plate 4 on the top of the battery core directly acts on the polar columns and the top surface of the battery core with the highest temperature, so that the cooling capacity is greatly improved, and the charging time is further shortened. The key point of realizing the top cooling of the battery cell is the stepped structural characteristic of the battery cell, and the structural characteristic enables the top of the battery cell and the busbar to be on the same plane and to be simultaneously contacted with a water cooling device, so that the top cooling of the battery cell is realized;
2. the power battery system has the function of inhibiting the thermal runaway of the battery cell, and the battery cell is cooled and the thermal runaway is inhibited through the liquid cooling integrated upper cover scheme, so that multiple purposes are achieved; when a certain electric core is out of control thermally, the sprayed flame can damage a battery cover plate above the electric core, and because cooling liquid is contained in a cavity in the cover plate, the cooling liquid can flow into the battery from the damaged position to extinguish the out of control thermally electric core, so that the safety of a user is protected;
3. the high integration of the power battery system integrates the battery cover plate, the water cooling device at the top of the battery and the electric core fire extinguishing device, and the power battery system realizes more functions on the premise of not increasing the number of parts, thereby improving the integration level and the energy density of the power battery system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery case;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the battery cover plate;
5-6 are diagrams of the fit relationship of the busbar and the battery cell after welding;
fig. 7 is a diagram showing a contact relationship between the battery cover plate and the bus bar and between the battery cover plate and the battery cell.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples: the invention relates to a power battery system which mainly comprises a battery cell 1, a bus bar 2, a battery box body 3 and a battery cover plate 4.
The battery cell 1 mainly comprises a shell, a pole piece, a positive pole and a negative pole. Wherein, the shell is made of aluminum and is square. The length of the utility model is 150 mm-600 mm, the thickness is 20 mm-70 mm, and the height is 70 mm-150 mm. The upper surface of the shell is provided with an explosion-proof valve which is positioned in the middle of the top. The plane of the explosion-proof valve is a first plane, the width of the first plane is equal to the thickness of the battery cell, and the length of the first plane is 60% -99% of the length of the battery cell. The positive pole column and the negative pole column are positioned at two ends of the top of the battery cell. The top of the pole is a second plane. The second plane is 1mm to 3mm lower than the first plane.
The bus bar 2 is made of aluminum, and the thickness of the bus bar is 1 mm-3 mm. After the bus bar 2 is welded with the battery cell pole, the top surface of the bus bar 2 and the first plane of the battery cell 1 are positioned on the same plane; and the battery cover plate 4 is simultaneously contacted with the top surface of the busbar 2 and the first plane on the top of the battery cell 1, so that the top surface of the battery cell and the pole are cooled.
The top of the battery cell 1 is of a stepped structure, so that the top of the battery cell 1 and the busbar 2 are on the same plane and can be simultaneously contacted with a water cooling device, and the top of the battery cell is cooled.
The battery box 3 has a liquid cooling function. In the power battery system, the battery box body 3 and the battery cover plate 4 can cool the battery core 1 from the upper surface and the lower surface simultaneously. The battery box body 3 mainly comprises a box body frame 2.1 and a box body bottom plate 2.2 which are 2.1. The material of the box body frame 2.1 can be aluminum or other alloys, and the manufacturing process can be profile welding or casting. The bottom plate 2.2 of the box body is internally provided with a containing cavity for cooling liquid to flow, and at least one external interface is used for cooling liquid to flow in; at least one external port is provided for the outflow of cooling fluid. The bottom plate 2.2 of the box body is made of aluminum or other alloys. The box body frame 2.1 and the box body bottom plate 2.2 are connected through screw connection or welding or other processes. One or more accommodating cavities for accommodating the electric cores are arranged in the battery box body 3.
The battery cover plate 4 has a cooling function and a fire extinguishing function, a containing cavity for cooling liquid to flow is formed in the cover plate, and at least one external interface is used for the cooling liquid to flow in; at least one external port is provided for the outflow of cooling fluid. The material of the battery cover plate 4 is aluminum or other alloys. The cover plate is provided with a groove below, the lower surface of the battery cover plate 4 is provided with an insulating layer, and the insulating layer can be made of polyurethane, epoxy resin or other materials. The groove below the cover plate is positioned right above the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 1, and is a key point for realizing effective valve spraying of the battery cell 1. The invention realizes the inflow of cooling liquid by the damage of the cover plate by the electric core spray valve, has simple structure and does not need to be controlled independently.
According to the power battery system, the battery cell 1 is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the battery box body 3, and the connection mode is bonding. A heat-conducting filling material is arranged between the contact surface of the bottom of the electric core 1 and the bottom plate 2.2 of the box body, and the heat-conducting filling material can be polyurethane, epoxy resin or other materials.
The battery cover plate 4 is connected with the battery box body 3 through screw connection or bonding or other methods. The bottom of the battery cover plate 4 is simultaneously contacted with the top of the busbar 2 and the first plane at the top of the battery core 1, and heat-conducting filling materials are respectively arranged between the bottom of the battery cover plate 4 and the busbar 2 and between the battery cover plate 4 and the first plane at the top of the battery core 1. The groove on the lower surface of the battery cover plate 4 is opposite to the battery core explosion-proof valve.
The invention relates to a method for determining the thickness of a multifunctional battery cover plate, which is used for determining the thickness of a battery cover plate 4 so as to realize the fire extinguishing function of the battery cover plate and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, giving an initial value to the thickness sigma of the battery cover plate 4;
s2, after the battery cell 1 is subjected to valve spraying, the battery cover plate 4 appears a hole after N seconds and starts spraying, and a target value is set for N;
s3, iteratively calculating the temperature T of the corresponding position of the battery cover plate 4N seconds after the valve is sprayed on the battery cell 1 according to the following formula N ；
Where M ═ ρ S σ;
in the formula, rho is the density of the material used for the battery cover plate 4, S is the hole area of the spray valve of the battery core 1, and C is the specific heat capacity of the material used for the water-cooling upper cover;
t n 、t n+1 for the duration after the valve is sprayed on the cell 1, for the convenience of calculation, t n+1 -t n A fixed value can be taken;
T fn is t n The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of the spray valve of the battery cell 1 can be measured by tests at any moment;
h is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the gas of the spray valve to the battery cover plate 4;
xi is a heat dissipation coefficient, and is taken according to experience;
T n 、T n+1 is t n 、t n+1 At the moment the temperature, T, of the battery cover plate 4 corresponding to the position of the spray valve 0 The initial temperature of the battery cover plate 4, T in this embodiment 0 35; when t is n+1 When N, calculated T n+1 Namely the temperature T of the corresponding position of the water-cooling upper cover N seconds after the electric core spray valve N ；
S4, calculating T N If T is compared with the melting point of the material of the battery cover plate 4 N If the melting point is lower than the above range, the process proceeds to S5; if T N If not, entering S6;
s5, reducing the value of sigma, and entering S3;
and S6, the thickness sigma of the battery cover plate 4 can meet the requirement of spraying starting time, and the calculation is finished.
The thickness design of battery apron 4 confirms very importantly, if battery apron 4 is too thick, then electric core 1 spouts behind the valve can't spout it and wear out, and the function of putting out a fire can't be realized, if battery apron 4 is too thin, then battery apron 4 intensity is not enough, probably takes place the damage because of vibration or fatigue in the use. At present, no report about a method for confirming the thickness of the cover plate having both the cooling function and the fire extinguishing function has been found. The battery cover plate thickness confirmation method determines parameters by theoretical calculation, and saves certain test time and cost.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the power battery system of the present invention includes a battery cell 1, a bus bar 2, a battery case 3, and a battery cover 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the battery cell 1 and the explosion-proof valve are located at the middle position of the top of the battery cell. The plane of the explosion-proof valve is a first plane, and the first plane is 90-120 mm away from the bottom surface of the battery cell in the embodiment. The pole is located at two ends of the top of the battery core, and the plane of the top of the pole is a second plane. The second plane is lower than the first plane, and in this embodiment, the second plane is 1mm to 3mm lower than the first plane.
The bus bar 2 is made of aluminum, and the thickness of the bus bar is 1 mm-3 mm in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 3, the battery case 3 includes a case frame 2.1 and a case bottom plate 2.2 made of aluminum. The bottom plate 2.2 of the box body is internally provided with a containing cavity for cooling liquid to flow, and at least one external interface is used for cooling liquid to flow in; at least one external port is provided for the outflow of cooling fluid. The box body frame 2.1 and the box body bottom plate 2.2 are connected through screw connection. A plurality of holding cavities for holding the electric core are arranged in the battery box body.
As shown in fig. 4, the battery cover plate 4 has a receiving cavity for flowing a cooling fluid therein, and at least one external port for flowing the cooling fluid; at least one external port is provided for the outflow of cooling fluid. The material of the battery cover plate is aluminum or other alloys. The lower part of the battery cover plate 4 is provided with a groove. The lower surface of the battery cover plate 4 is provided with a polyurethane insulating layer.
In this embodiment, an adhesive with a heat conducting function may be used to fix the battery cell 1 to the bottom plate 2.2 of the battery box, so that the adhesive has both the connecting and heat conducting functions. The busbar 2 is connected with the cell pole in a welding mode. After the bus bar 2 is welded on the pole, the upper surface of the bus bar 2 and the first plane of the battery cell 1 are located at the same height. Fig. 5 and 6 show the fit relationship of the bus bar 2 and the battery cell 1 after welding, and the position relationship of the bus bar 2 and the top of the battery cell 1 is emphasized here.
The battery cover plate 4 is connected with the battery box body 3 through a bolt. The bottom of the battery cover plate 4 is in contact with the top of the busbar 2 and the first plane on the top of the battery cell 1 at the same time, and heat-conducting filling materials are arranged between the bottom of the battery cover plate 4 and the busbar 2 and between the battery cover plate 4 and the first plane on the top of the battery cell 1. The groove on the lower surface of the battery cover plate 4 is right opposite to the battery core explosion-proof valve. Fig. 7 shows the contact relationship between the battery cover plate 4 and the busbar 2 and the battery core 1, and the corresponding position relationship between the groove of the battery cover plate 4 and the explosion-proof valve of the battery core 1.
Example 2
The invention relates to a method for determining the thickness of a multifunctional battery cover plate, which is used for determining the thickness of a battery cover plate 4 so as to realize the fire extinguishing function of the battery cover plate and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, giving an initial value to the thickness σ of the battery lid plate 4, where σ is made to be 1 in this embodiment;
s2, after the battery cell 1 is subjected to valve injection, spraying is started after N seconds of occurrence of a hole in the battery cover plate 4, and a target value is set for N, where N is 10 in this embodiment;
s3, iteratively calculating the temperature T of the corresponding position of the battery cover plate 4 after the cell spray valve is sprayed for N seconds according to the following formula N ；
Where M ═ ρ S σ;
wherein rho is the density of the material used for the battery cover plate 4, S is the hole area of the spray valve of the battery cell 1, and C is the specific heat capacity of the material used for the battery cover plate 4;
t n 、t n+1 for the duration after the valve is sprayed on the cell 1, for the convenience of calculation, t n+1 -t n Can take a fixed value, t in this embodiment n+1 -t n ＝1；
T fn Is t n The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of the spray valve of the battery cell 1 can be measured by tests at any moment;
h is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the gas of the spray valve to the battery cover plate 4;
xi is a heat dissipation coefficient, and is taken as a value according to experience, wherein xi is 0.143 in the embodiment;
T n 、T n+1 is t n 、t n+1 At the moment the temperature, T, of the battery cover plate 4 corresponding to the position of the spray valve 0 The initial temperature of the battery cover plate 4, T in this embodiment 0 35; when t is n+1 When N, calculated T n+1 Namely the temperature T of the corresponding position of the battery cover plate 4 after N seconds of the spray valve of the battery cell 1 N ；
S4, calculating T N If T is compared with the melting point of the material of the battery cover plate 4 N If the melting point is lower than the melting point, the process goes to S5; if T N If not, entering S6;
s5, reducing the value of sigma, and entering S3;
and S6, the thickness sigma of the battery cover plate 4 can meet the requirement of spraying starting time, and the calculation is finished.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions will now be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-functional battery apron which characterized in that: a battery cover plate (4); the battery cover plate (4) is internally provided with a containing cavity for flowing of cooling liquid, at least one external interface is used for flowing in the cooling liquid, at least one external interface is used for flowing out the cooling liquid, a groove is formed in the lower portion of the battery cover plate (4), and the groove is located right above the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell (1).
2. The multifunctional battery cover plate according to claim 1, wherein: the battery cover plate (4) is made of aluminum or other alloys.
3. The multifunctional battery cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower surface of the battery cover plate (4) is provided with an insulating layer, and the insulating layer is made of polyurethane or epoxy resin.
4. The method for determining the thickness of a battery cover plate with cooling and fire extinguishing functions according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, giving an initial value to the thickness sigma of the battery cover plate (4);
s2, after the battery core (1) is subjected to valve spraying, the battery cover plate (4) generates holes and starts spraying after N seconds, and a target value is set for N;
s3, iteratively calculating the temperature T of the corresponding position of the battery cover plate (4) after N seconds of the valve spraying of the battery cell (1) according to the following formula N ；
Where M ═ ρ S σ;
in the formula, rho is the density of a material used for the battery cover plate (4), S is the hole area of the spray valve of the battery core (1), and C is the specific heat capacity of the material used for the battery cover plate (4);
t n 、t n+1 for the duration after the valve is sprayed on the cell (1), for the convenience of calculation, t n+1 -t n Can take a fixed value;
T fn is t n The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of the spray valve of the battery cell (1) at any moment can be measured by a test;
h is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the gas of the spray valve to the battery cover plate (4);
xi is a heat dissipation coefficient, and is taken according to experience;
T n 、T n+1 is t n 、t n+1 The temperature T of the battery cover plate (4) corresponding to the position of the spray valve at any moment 0 The initial temperature of the battery cover plate (4); when t is n+1 When N, calculated T n+1 Namely the temperature T of the corresponding position of the battery cover plate (4) after the battery core spraying valve is sprayed for N seconds N ；
S4, calculating T N If T is compared with the melting point of the material of the battery cover plate (4) N If the melting point is lower than the melting point, the process goes to S5; if T N If not, entering S6;
s5, reducing the value of sigma, and entering S3;
s6, the thickness sigma of the battery cover plate (4) can meet the requirement of spraying starting time, and the calculation is finished.
5. The method for determining the thickness of a multifunctional battery cover plate according to claim 4, wherein: step S1, σ 1, step S2, N10, step S3, t n+1 -t n ＝1，ξ＝0.143，T 0 ＝35。
6. A power battery system, characterized in that: the battery cover plate is mainly composed of a battery cell (1), a bus bar (2), a battery box body (3) and a battery cover plate (4) connected with the battery box body (3); the battery box body (3) and the battery cover plate (4) can cool the battery core (1) from the upper surface and the lower surface simultaneously;
the battery cell (1) mainly comprises a shell, a pole piece, a positive pole and a negative pole; the upper surface of the top of the shell is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and the plane where the explosion-proof valve is located is a first plane; the positive pole column and the negative pole column are positioned at two ends of the top of the battery cell, the top of the pole column is a second plane, and the second plane is 1-3 mm lower than the first plane;
after the busbar (2) is welded with the battery cell pole, the top surface of the busbar (2) and the first plane of the battery cell (1) are positioned on the same plane; battery box (3) possess the liquid cooling function, are equipped with the one or more chamber that hold that are used for placing electric core in it, battery apron (4) bottom and busbar (2) top, electric core (1) top first plane simultaneous contact, between battery apron (4) bottom and busbar (2), all have heat conduction filler material between battery apron (4) and electric core (1) top first plane, battery apron (4) lower surface recess is just to electric core explosion-proof valve.
7. The power cell system of claim 6, wherein: the shell is square, the length of the shell is 150-600 mm, the thickness of the shell is 20-70 mm, the height of the shell is 70-150 mm, and the thickness of the bus bar (2) is 1-3 mm.
8. The power cell system of claim 6, wherein: the width of the first plane is equal to the thickness of the battery cell, and the length of the first plane is 60-99% of the length of the battery cell.
9. The power cell system of claim 6, wherein: the battery box body (3) mainly comprises a box body frame (2.1) and a box body bottom plate (2.2) in threaded connection with the box body frame, a containing cavity for cooling liquid to flow is formed in the box body bottom plate (2.2), and at least one external interface is used for cooling liquid to flow in; at least one external port is provided for the outflow of cooling fluid.
10. The power cell system of claim 6, wherein: the battery cell (1) is bonded in the accommodating cavity of the battery box body (3), and a heat-conducting filling material is arranged between the bottom of the battery cell (1) and the contact surface of the box body bottom plate (2.2), and is polyurethane or epoxy resin.
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| US20190097204A1 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2019-03-28 | Cadenza Innovation, Inc. | Lithium Ion Battery With Modular Bus Bar Assemblies |
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