CN114923454B - Old coke oven top center line recovery measurement method - Google Patents
Old coke oven top center line recovery measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114923454B CN114923454B CN202210186639.8A CN202210186639A CN114923454B CN 114923454 B CN114923454 B CN 114923454B CN 202210186639 A CN202210186639 A CN 202210186639A CN 114923454 B CN114923454 B CN 114923454B
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011378 penetrating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B21/24—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes
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Abstract
A method for measuring center line restoration of a furnace top of an old coke oven, the method comprising the steps of: selecting a measuring point; measuring a presumed coordinate value of the measurement point; and calculating a correction value corresponding to the measurement point. The method for measuring the center line recovery of the top of the old coke oven has the following beneficial effects: the construction control point is not existed in the coke oven with long production and operation time because of bad preservation, and the method can reasonably and accurately measure when the instrument can not directly measure and recover the center line of the coke oven at the top of the oven.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the center line recovery of an old coke oven top.
Background
After the coke oven is built, metal targets are generally buried at the tops of the two opposite end resisting walls (the counter resisting wall and the end counter resisting wall) and the center line of the coke oven is marked by steel punch eyes, so that the coke oven is used for overhauling the coke oven body, the coke pusher, the coke quenching car, the coal charging car and the rails thereof during the production and operation of the coke oven.
The coking production process generally has high requirements on the relative dimensional accuracy between each cart and the coke oven body, so the plane accuracy of the center line of the coke oven is also high. In a short period of time, the points marked on each target are not lost, and the point position precision is not lost. In contrast, when the coke oven operation reaches a certain period, two situations usually occur at each point on the target plate, and the service function of the target plate is lost: 1. the point location precision loss is large and the using function is lost due to the deformation of the coke oven and the resistance wall; 2. the whole metal target is damaged due to no period of daily maintenance, or the surface of the target is totally small pits due to rust and impact on the surface of the target, so that the situation that which small pit is the central line point of the coke oven is unclear is resolved.
As shown in fig. 1, typically, two coke ovens will have 4 centerline points buried therein, respectively: j11, J12, J21, J22. When at least 2 points of the 4 points are correct, the rest points can be recovered by adopting simple and effective measuring methods such as a straight line penetrating method, a steel wire stretching method and the like, or the center line points of all coke ovens on the oven top can be directly measured by using a total station on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the construction control points which are reserved at the moment. However, when the error of 4 points cannot be determined or partial point missing occurs, and the measurement control points of the coke oven constructed at that time are all lost due to the poor long-term storage (which is the normal state for the coke oven with long production and operation), the center line of the coke oven cannot be restored by the direct method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for measuring the center line recovery of the top of an old coke oven, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a measuring point;
measuring a presumed coordinate value of the measurement point;
And calculating a correction value corresponding to the measurement point.
Preferably, the selected measurement point comprises the steps of:
randomly selecting 4 to-be-measured points on 4 existing metal targets on the top of the coke oven;
Selecting two points on the center line of the coke pusher rail, which are close to the vehicle stops at two ends;
two points are selected on the ground on the same side as the cart track.
Preferably, the measuring the assumed coordinate value of the measurement point includes the steps of:
positioning the total station at a selected counter-wall target point;
Assuming the target point coordinates are (0, 0);
Rearview any fixed target;
Assuming the fixed target is an assumed coordinate system north direction;
and sequentially measuring the assumed coordinate values of the selected points in the measurement points.
Preferably, the calculating the correction value corresponding to the measurement point includes the steps of:
acquiring coordinate values of an assumed coordinate system of two points on a coke pusher track in the measuring points;
obtaining a coordinate azimuth angle of a straight line where the two points are located in the assumed coordinate system;
Calculating the included angle between coordinate axes of the assumed coordinate system and the coordinate system of Jiao Lushi man-hour;
obtaining a converted coordinate value of the measuring point according to the included angle;
calculating the coordinate value difference between the coordinate value of the mark board point in the measuring point and the coordinate value of the straight line where the two points are located;
And obtaining the correction value through the difference value and the design value of the center line of the track where the two units are positioned.
The method for measuring the center line recovery of the top of the old coke oven has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The construction control point is not existed in the coke oven with long production operation time because of bad preservation, and the method can reasonably and accurately measure when the instrument can not directly measure and recover the center line of the coke oven at the top of the oven;
(2) The oven top air temperature of the coke oven in production operation is very high, and the measuring instrument cannot work in the oven top area (greatly influencing angle measurement and distance measurement accuracy) due to the fact that the thermal wave jitter is caused, and the method can successfully avoid the thermal jitter area and finish the operation due to the adoption of an indirect measurement wire method;
(3) The central line point of the rail car stop of the coke pusher is selected, and the section steel rail is relatively stable in position and small in deformation due to the fact that the section steel rail is not subjected to thrust, and can effectively represent the initial position of the integral central line of the coke pusher, so that the initial position is used as a constraint condition for recovering the central line of the furnace roof, and the method is reasonable and reliable;
(4) In the measuring process, a wire method is adopted for measuring, and a measuring angle and a measuring edge are operated by a measuring back method, so that the precision is reliable and the accuracy is high;
(5) The method can also be used for detecting whether four points of the top of the new and old coke ovens are collinear or not, and the like, so the method has good expansibility.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring center line restoration of a top of an old coke oven.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
In an embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 1, the application provides a method for measuring center line recovery of a top of an old coke oven, which comprises the following steps:
Acquiring a coke oven construction coordinate system;
selecting a target point on the top of the old coke oven;
measuring a first coordinate of the target point in the coke oven construction coordinate system;
Establishing a presumed coordinate system;
Calculating a second coordinate of the target point in the assumed coordinate system;
calculating a direction included angle between the coke oven construction coordinate system and the assumed coordinate system according to the first coordinate and the second coordinate;
calculating the correction of the target point according to the direction included angle;
and carrying out point position correction on the target point according to the correction.
In the embodiment of the application, the method for acquiring the coke oven construction coordinate system comprises the following steps:
retrieving construction data of the coke oven;
And calculating the coke oven construction coordinate system according to the coke oven construction data.
In the embodiment of the application, the coke oven construction coordinate system can be directly obtained through the coke oven construction data.
In the embodiment of the application, the method for selecting the target point on the top of the old coke oven comprises the following steps:
Selecting a ground wire point;
Selecting a target point on the center line of the coke pusher track;
and selecting a target point on the furnace top target.
In the embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 1, before measurement, two points K1 and K2 are firstly selected on the side surface of the coke oven machine (the two points are required to be seen and are seen with an initial measuring station and a point J12 of the oven top), then one point G1 and one point G2 are respectively selected on the central line of a rail at the position, close to a car bumper, of the two ends of a rail in pushing coke (the outer or the inner side), and then each measuring point is marked on a central line marker plate of the oven top by a marker pen, and the mark is marked.
In an embodiment of the present application, the measuring the first coordinates of the target point in the coke oven construction coordinate system includes the steps of:
Preparing a total station;
and measuring a first coordinate of the target point in the coke oven construction coordinate system by using the total station.
As shown in FIG. 1, after all the measuring points are selected, the total station is arranged at a target point J12, the coordinate of the measuring station is set as J12 (0, 0), and then any fixed target object ⑥ near the furnace body is aimed, and the orientation azimuth angle of the instrument is set as 0 degrees, so that the station setting is completed. After the station is set, in order to improve the point position precision, the coordinates of all the measuring points are not necessarily measured directly by adopting a total station coordinate measuring method, but are respectively and sequentially measured by adopting a wire measuring method, and then the coordinates of each point are calculated through the observation values of the edges and the angles. After the coordinates of each point are obtained, firstly, the coordinate azimuth angle alpha of the connecting line of the pushing track points G1 and G2, namely the azimuth angle of the center line of the inner (outer) track of the pushing vehicle in an assumed coordinate system, is obtained through a coordinate inverse algorithm.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the northern direction included angle between the coke oven construction coordinate system and the initial assumed coordinate system is: 90-alpha. After the two-coordinate conversion angle is obtained, conversion calculation is carried out according to a plane coordinate system rotation formula, and the coordinates of the assumed coordinate system of all the measuring points are converted into the coordinates of the coke oven construction coordinate system. Then subtracting X coordinate values (transverse coordinates) of each point on the target plate from transverse coordinates (when the transverse coordinate difference between the measuring points G1 and G2 at the two ends of the inner rail is equal to or less than 5mm, |XG1-XG2| respectively, taking the average value (XG1+XG2)/2 as the transverse coordinate value of the rail) of each point on the coke pushing Che Nagui center line, subtracting the obtained difference delta i from the design value from the center line of the coke oven to the inner rail of the coke pushing trolley respectively, and finally obtaining the deviation delta i of each point. After the deviation value is obtained, each point can be corrected and finally marked on the target plate in sequence, so that the recovery of the central line of the coke oven is completed. See table 1 (example calculations) for the above calculations.
In the principle, the purpose of selecting the two-end measuring points of the pushing focus Che Nagui (the outer rail can also select two corresponding points at the same time during actual point selection) is as follows:
1. When the coke oven center line and the coke pusher rail are initially constructed, the requirements on the distance precision and the parallelism between the center line and the coke pusher rail are very high, so that the center line and the coke pusher rail are mutually dependent and constrained;
2. In the long-term production process, the steel rail positioned in the coke pushing area is subjected to the reverse thrust of the coke pushing trolley, so that the deformation of different degrees can occur, and only the steel rail positioned at the car bumper is very small because the steel rail is not subjected to the thrust, so that the measuring point is selected from the center line of the steel rail to be very representative, and the initial position of the whole steel rail can be effectively represented. Practical cases have shown that such a selection is feasible.
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a hypothetical coordinate system is first established: the origin of coordinates takes any point on the top standard plate (in order to ensure the uniformity of measurement accuracy, a point on the counter wall is selected as J12); the direction of the coordinate system in the false north is taken to be any direction which does not pass through the thermal shaking area on the furnace top;
Obtaining plane assumed coordinates of ground wire points (K1 and K2 in figure 1), selected points (G1 and G2) on the central line of an inner (outer) track of the coke pusher and selected points (J11, J12, J21 and J22) on all furnace top targets through total station wire measurement;
Reversely calculating coordinate azimuth angles of the center line measuring points (G1 and G2) of the coke pusher track through coordinates of the center line measuring points, obtaining a northern included angle between an assumed coordinate system and a coke oven construction coordinate system, and carrying out conversion calculation of the two coordinate systems;
As shown in the example calculation of table 1, after the conversion coordinates of each point are obtained, the actual measurement value of the distance from the point on the top target to the center line of the coke pushing track is calculated point by point through the horizontal coordinate difference, and the difference between the actual measurement value and the design value from the center line of the coke oven to the center line of the coke pushing track is obtained, and the difference is the correction number delta i of each point on the top target.
And (3) carrying out point position correction on each point of the target plate according to the corresponding correction number delta i.
After correction, retesting the target point is carried out to verify the correctness.
A first part: the site survey points (the visual observation among the wire points is good, and the observation is convenient).
Before selecting each wire observation point, firstly, performing touch investigation on the existing coke oven center line target point on the furnace top resistance wall. Observing the existing conditions of each point: whether the target is lost or firm; whether the center line mark on the target is lost or suspicious; and then a marker pen is used for marking the points with clearer marks on the target board (the marked points do not need to consider whether the marked points are the center line points of the original coke oven), the marked target board is lost, a small point is temporarily drawn on the marked target board, the marked target board is marked, and the permanent marks are made after the final correction. And then, selecting points K1 and K2 on the ground, wherein the point selection mainly considers the point-to-point vision condition and the uniformity of the side length of the lead. When the field barriers are more and the sight is difficult to be realized, the number of the wire guide points can be increased by a small amount.
When the measuring points at two ends of one track are selected, the stability and the integrity of the steel rails at two ends close to a car bumper are firstly observed, and whether the excessive displacement is possible is preliminarily judged. During practical measurement, two ends of the inner and outer rails should be respectively provided with a group of measuring points, the measuring points must be located on the central line of the rails, marks are made by using the steel punches to smash eyes, and marking pens are circled. After the measurement and coordinate conversion of the two groups of measuring points of the inner rail and the outer rail, a group with small difference of abscissa value of |X 01-X02 | is reserved, so that the measuring points are selected to be more representative and reliable.
A second part: field wire measurement operation
After each measuring point is selected, the total station is set to stand on one target point of two counter walls, such as J12 point in fig. 1, the coordinates of the measuring point are assumed to be (0, 0), after leveling and centering, the rotary calibrating part aims at any fixed point on the coke oven side (only the sight line is needed to avoid the hot air flow shaking area of the oven top at the moment), the orientation azimuth angle is set to be 0 degrees, and after a determining key is pressed, the station setting is completed.
After the station is set, the side angle observation is sequentially carried out on the points J22, K2 and K1 according to the wire measurement method, and the side angle observation values are recorded by sketch. Then, according to the observation sequence and the observation route shown in fig. 1, the total station is respectively erected at K1 (K2) and K2 (K1) is looked back to finish the measurement of the edges and angles of the points G1 and G2. And finally, measuring the edges and angles of the two points J11 and J21. In the measuring process, angle measurement and edge measurement are carried out according to two measuring returns, and the measuring return limit difference is as follows: the angle is less than or equal to 2'; the side length is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
Third section: internally resolving
And (5) conducting wire solving.
And checking field observation records, and taking a measurement average value as an observation value final result when the station measurement precision of the observation value is qualified. Then, the plane coordinates (X ', Y') of all the measurement points were obtained point by point according to the wire estimation method, and are shown in table 1.
And (5) reversely calculating coordinates of two measuring points of the coke pusher rail.
According to the plane coordinate values of the two points G1 and G2, the coordinate azimuth angle of the straight line in the assumed system, namely the alpha angle in fig. 1, is obtained according to a coordinate back calculation formula. And then the conversion angle between the assumed coordinate system and the coke oven construction coordinate system, namely 90-alpha, is obtained.
And (5) converting and calculating between the initial assumed coordinate system and the coke oven construction coordinate system.
As shown in fig. 1, the origin of coordinates of the coke oven construction coordinate system and the initial assumed coordinate system is common, namely, the point J12 (0, 0), the angle between the north directions of the two coordinate systems is 90 ° - α, and the coordinates of each point in the construction coordinate system can be obtained according to a planar coordinate transformation calculation formula, as shown in table 1X, Y.
Fourth part: data analysis and conclusion.
Determining the horizontal coordinate value of the track center line of the coke pusher:
As shown in FIG. 1, no matter the measuring points G1 and G2 are positioned on the central line of the inner rail or the outer rail, when the difference of the transverse coordinate values of the two points (XG 1-XG 2) is very small and is usually (XG 1-XG 2) No. 5mm, the connecting line of the two points G1 and G2 can be considered to be parallel to the central line of the coke oven, and can represent the central line of the whole rail. Therefore, the transverse coordinate of the track center line can be taken as the average value of the transverse coordinate values of two points. I.e., (XG1+XG2)/2.
Delta i and delta i determination
Δi— the difference between the transverse coordinates (Xi) of points on the roof targets and the transverse coordinates [ (xg1+xg2)/2 ] of the center line of the inner (outer) rail of the cart. As shown in the example calculations of table 1, Δi= [ (xg1+xg2)/2 ] -Xi.
Δi— the offset value of each unknown point delineated on the roof gauge from the center line of the oven. I.e. the correction.
The calculation result in table 1 shows that the distance value from each point of the top standard plate to the center line of the coke pushing Che Nagui is not consistent with the designed distance between the center line of the coke oven and the center line of the inner rail of the coke pushing car, and the inconsistent value is the numerical value delta i which needs to be actually corrected for each measuring point circled on the top standard plate. The "+" correction direction is north and vice versa.
Fifth part: correcting the position of the ring fixed point on the top pre-buried target.
It is unknown whether the points originally marked on the standard plate by the marker pen are located on the central line of the coke oven, so after the correction of the points is obtained, the correction of the points on the standard plate can be corrected to the central line position of the coke oven one by one according to the corresponding correction.
After correction, to verify the correctness, the ground lead points are required to be used for retesting each point, and the retesting can be directly measured and verified by adopting a total station coordinate measuring method.
The method aims at recovering the center line of the coke oven, so that the method only involves the collection and calculation of the transverse coordinates of the center line point, and the recovery of the longitudinal coordinates can be obtained by adopting a normalization method and the joint measurement of the center line of the carbonization chamber at the oven end, and is not repeated herein.
The method for measuring the center line recovery of the top of the old coke oven has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The construction control point is not existed in the coke oven with long production operation time because of bad preservation, and the method can reasonably and accurately measure when the instrument can not directly measure and recover the center line of the coke oven at the top of the oven;
(2) The oven top air temperature of the coke oven in production operation is very high, and the measuring instrument cannot work in the oven top area (greatly influencing angle measurement and distance measurement accuracy) due to the fact that the thermal wave jitter is caused, and the method can successfully avoid the thermal jitter area and finish the operation due to the adoption of an indirect measurement wire method;
(3) The central line point of the rail car stop of the coke pusher is selected, and the section steel rail is relatively stable in position and small in deformation due to the fact that the section steel rail is not subjected to thrust, and can effectively represent the initial position of the integral central line of the coke pusher, so that the initial position is used as a constraint condition for recovering the central line of the furnace roof, and the method is reasonable and reliable;
(4) In the measuring process, a wire method is adopted for measuring, and a measuring angle and a measuring edge are operated by a measuring back method, so that the precision is reliable and the accuracy is high;
(5) The method can also be used for detecting whether four points of the top of the new and old coke ovens are collinear or not, and the like, so the method has good expansibility.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explanation of the principles of the present invention and are in no way limiting of the invention. Accordingly, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or equivalents of such scope and boundary.
Claims (2)
1. The method for measuring the center line recovery of the top of the old coke oven is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a measuring point;
measuring a presumed coordinate value of the measurement point;
Calculating a correction value corresponding to the measurement point;
The selected measurement point comprises the steps of:
randomly selecting 4 to-be-measured points on 4 existing metal targets on the top of the coke oven;
Selecting two points on the center line of the coke pusher rail, which are close to the vehicle stops at two ends;
two points are selected on the ground on the same side with the coke pusher track;
The step of calculating the correction value corresponding to the measurement point comprises the following steps:
Acquiring assumed coordinate values of two points on a coke pusher orbit in the measuring points;
obtaining a coordinate azimuth angle of a straight line where the two points are located in the assumed coordinate system;
Calculating the included angle between coordinate axes of the assumed coordinate system and the coordinate system of Jiao Lushi man-hour;
obtaining a converted coordinate value of the measuring point according to the included angle;
Calculating the coordinate value difference between the coordinate value of the mark board point in the measuring point and the coordinate value of the straight line where the two points are located;
and obtaining the correction value through the difference value and the design value of the track center line where the two points are located.
2. The old coke oven roof center line restoration measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the measuring the assumed coordinate values of the measurement points includes the steps of:
positioning the total station at a selected counter-wall target point;
Assuming the target point coordinates are (0, 0);
Rearview any fixed target;
Assuming the fixed target is an assumed coordinate system north direction;
and sequentially measuring the assumed coordinate values of the selected points in the measurement points.
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| CN104408320A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-11 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | Method for determining center deviation of circular cylinder building structure by plane coordinate method |
| JP2016200463A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2016-12-01 | 大成建設株式会社 | Measurement method using total station, and control device of total station |
| CN109238249A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-18 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | The high-precision detecting method of continuous annealing furnace |
| JP2021148566A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2021-09-27 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Inspection system and inspection method during coke oven furnace construction, and coke oven furnace construction method |
| CN113587860A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-02 | 苏州中材建设有限公司 | Online dynamic detection method for shaft center line of rotary kiln |
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