CN114922581B - Underground casing pipe continuous perforating device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Underground casing pipe continuous perforating device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114922581B CN114922581B CN202210591615.0A CN202210591615A CN114922581B CN 114922581 B CN114922581 B CN 114922581B CN 202210591615 A CN202210591615 A CN 202210591615A CN 114922581 B CN114922581 B CN 114922581B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/06—Cutting windows, e.g. directional window cutters for whipstock operations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a downhole casing pipe continuous perforating device and a working method thereof, wherein the downhole casing pipe continuous perforating device comprises a flow distribution mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a cutting mechanism, the flow distribution mechanism consists of an upper flow distribution plate, a flow distribution wall and a lower flow distribution plate, the clamping mechanism consists of a clamping block, supporting legs, supporting leg return springs and supporting leg clamps, and the cutting mechanism consists of an impeller, a drill bit, an impeller return spring, an impeller push plate and an impeller clamp. The invention can effectively reduce the underground operation risk of the existing perforating bullet perforation, improve the perforation quantity and the perforation quality, reduce the requirement of required matched equipment, enlarge the operation range, ensure that the cutting perforation mode has good perforation quality, is hardly influenced by underground water, can realize accurate positioning perforation, has small influence on a sleeve, can carry out perforation for a plurality of times in a single underground, can be used together with other underground tools, and realizes oil and gas yield increase.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas production increase matching devices in shale gas and shale oil exploitation processes, in particular to a downhole casing continuous perforating device and a working method thereof.
Background
In the exploitation process of shale gas and shale oil resources, after the oil and gas well is drilled and well cemented, an oil and gas reservoir and a production pipe are separated through a casing pipe, the casing pipe is required to be penetrated by adopting a perforation technology, high-pressure liquid and solid propping agents can be conveyed through a shaft after perforation to fracture the oil and gas reservoir, further oil and gas resources stored in a stratum are released, the released oil and gas resources enter the shaft through the hole, and finally oil and gas exploitation is carried out through a lifting process. At present, most underground perforation adopts a perforating gun to carry out perforation, and the perforating gun is found to have a larger influence on the casing wall around the hole in the construction process, so that the influence on later-stage fracturing and other construction is larger. In order to solve the above problems, mechanical perforation has been proposed, but at present, extrusion type is mostly adopted for mechanical perforation, the perforation quality is poor, and the casing is easy to deform. Based on the structure, the invention provides the cutting type underground sleeve continuous perforating device, the cutting type perforating mode has good perforating quality, is hardly influenced by underground water, can realize accurate positioning perforation, single-time underground repeated perforating through structural design, and can be used together with other underground tools.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a downhole casing pipe continuous perforating device and a working method thereof, which improve the perforating quantity and perforating quality, reduce the requirements of required matched equipment and enlarge the working range.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
a downhole casing continuous perforating device:
the device comprises an upper shell, wherein a motor support is fixed inside the upper shell, a rotary motor is installed in the motor support, the rotary motor and the position of the upper shell are kept coaxially fixed, a motor support runner is arranged inside the motor support and used for allowing liquid to pass through, a rotary support is axially arranged at the lower part of the upper shell, the middle part of the rotary support is connected with the rotary motor through a first key, the rotary support is connected with a punching assembly, and the rotary motor drives the punching assembly to rotate through the rotary support;
the punching assembly comprises a lower shell, wherein the outer wall of the upper end of the lower shell is axially fixed with the inner wall of the lower end of the upper shell through balls, the rotating bracket is of a frame structure, the upper shell and the lower shell are connected, and a flow distribution mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a cutting mechanism are arranged in the lower shell;
the upper flow distribution mechanism comprises an upper flow distribution plate, a flow distribution wall and a lower flow distribution plate, the upper flow distribution plate is connected with an upper flow distribution motor through a second key, the upper flow distribution plate can circumferentially rotate under the drive of the upper flow distribution motor, the upper flow distribution motor is fixed in the lower shell through an upper flow distribution motor bracket, the flow distribution wall is fixed in the lower shell, the lower flow distribution plate is connected with the lower flow distribution motor through a third key, the lower flow distribution plate can circumferentially rotate under the drive of the lower flow distribution motor, and the lower flow distribution motor is fixed in the lower shell through a lower flow distribution motor bracket;
the upper flow distribution plate is internally provided with an upper flow passage, the flow distribution wall is internally provided with a communication flow passage, a cutting mounting hole, a flushing flow passage, a lower communication flow passage, a clamping flow passage and a pushing cavity, the lower flow distribution plate is provided with a lower arc-shaped flow passage, the upper flow distribution plate can control the upper flow passage in the upper flow distribution plate to be communicated with the flushing flow passage or the clamping flow passage in the flow distribution wall under the action of an upper flow distribution motor, the lower flow distribution plate can control the lower arc-shaped flow passage in the lower flow distribution plate to be independently communicated with the lower communication flow passage in the flow distribution wall under the action of a lower flow distribution motor, or the lower arc-shaped flow passage in the lower flow distribution plate is communicated with the lower communication flow passage in the flow distribution wall and the lower end of the clamping flow passage together, or the lower arc-shaped flow passage in the lower flow distribution plate is not communicated with all flow passages in the flow distribution wall, and the device operation is controlled;
the two clamping flow passages are axially arranged on the outer wall of the flow distribution wall and are symmetrically arranged, the two clamping flow passages are communicated through a communication flow passage, the communication flow passage is uniformly provided with a plurality of flow distribution walls, one of the two clamping flow passages is closed at two ends, and the other clamping flow passage is a through groove and is used for being communicated with the upper flow distribution plate/the lower flow distribution plate;
the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping block, supporting legs, supporting leg return springs and supporting leg hoops, the outer wall of the lower shell is provided with a cavity in clearance fit with the clamping block, the cavity is communicated with the clamping flow channel, fluid can push the clamping block to radially extend out through the cavity, the supporting legs are fixed on the clamping block and in clearance fit with the lower shell, the supporting leg hoops are clamped in grooves at the end parts of the supporting legs, the supporting leg return springs are sleeved on the supporting legs and are positioned between the lower shell and the supporting leg hoops, and the clamping mechanisms are multiple and symmetrically distributed corresponding to the two clamping flow channels;
the cutting mechanism comprises an impeller, a drill bit, an impeller return spring, an impeller push plate and an impeller clamp, wherein the drill bit is in sliding fit with the flow distribution wall, the impeller is arranged at the front end of the drill bit through a sliding key, the tail end of the drill bit is connected with the impeller push plate through threads, the impeller push plate is in sliding fit inside a cutting installation hole, the impeller return spring is sleeved at the tail end of the drill bit and is positioned between the impeller push plate and a step of the cutting installation hole, and the impeller clamp is arranged inside the cutting installation hole of the flow distribution wall and used for limiting the limit position of the impeller push plate;
the impeller is installed in the rotating cavity that the distribution wall inside set up, and rotating cavity and dash the runner intercommunication, and fluid can be through the inside dash of distribution wall and change the runner and get into rotating cavity and strike the impeller rotation, dash the runner upper end and be equipped with the transverse groove, the transverse groove communicates with the upper end that promotes the chamber, consequently, when striking impeller rotation, fluid can get into and promote the chamber, the quantity of cutting mechanism is a plurality of, corresponds and promotes chamber evenly distributed, promotes chamber and cutting mounting hole intercommunication for apply thrust to the impeller push pedal, make the drill bit stretch out.
Preferably, the upper end of the lower shell is closed, and the rest of the lower shell has the same diameter as the upper shell.
Preferably, the motor bracket, the upper current distribution motor bracket, the current distribution wall and the lower current distribution motor bracket are respectively fixed through locking screws.
Preferably, the rotating bracket is fixed on the inner wall of the upper end of the lower shell through threads.
Preferably, the upper end of the rotating cavity is a nozzle, the lower end of the rotating cavity is a leakage port, jet flow is formed in the rotating cavity, and fluid forms high pressure relative to the rotating cavity in the pushing cavity.
The working method of the downhole casing continuous tapping device comprises the following steps:
firstly, the lower valve plate is not communicated with the inner flow passage of the valve plate, at the moment, the upper flow passage in the upper valve plate is communicated with the clamping flow passage in the valve plate, at the moment, fluid enters the clamping flow passage to realize the penetration through the communication flow passage, and the clamping block extends out and is attached to the inner wall of the sleeve to realize the clamping;
the upper flow distribution motor controls an upper flow passage in the upper flow distribution plate to be communicated with a flushing flow passage in the flow distribution wall, at the moment, fluid enters the flushing flow passage and the pushing cavity, enters the rotating cavity through the flushing flow passage of the flow distribution wall to impact the impeller to rotate, the torque of the impeller is transmitted to the drill bit, meanwhile, under the pressure effect of the pushing cavity, the two sides of the impeller push plate generate pressure difference, the generated thrust is directly transmitted to the rear end of the drill bit, and the drill bit cuts the sleeve under the action of the thrust and the torque;
after cutting is completed, the lower flow distribution plate rotates under the action of a lower flow distribution motor, the lower arc-shaped flow channel is connected with the lower communication flow channel of the flow distribution wall, at the moment, the pressure is released instantaneously, the rotating speed of the drill bit is reduced, the pressure of the pushing cavity is reduced, the drill bit is retracted under the action of a drill bit return spring, at the moment, the lower flow distribution plate is simultaneously connected with the lower communication flow channel of the flow distribution wall and the clamping flow channel under the action of the lower flow distribution motor, the pressure of the clamping flow channel is reduced, and the supporting leg is retracted under the action of a supporting return spring, so that primary sleeve hole forming is completed.
Preferably, the upper rotating motor rotates to drive the whole punching assembly to rotate for a set angle, and the previous sleeve punching process is repeated to realize the circumferential continuous punching of the sleeve.
Preferably, the device also comprises an up-and-down moving tool, wherein the up-and-down moving tool drives the upper shell 1 to move up and down, so that the axial hole of the sleeve is formed.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the underground sleeve continuous perforating device provided by the invention can effectively reduce the underground operation risk of the perforation of the existing perforating bullet, improve the perforating quantity and the perforating quality, reduce the requirements of required matched equipment, enlarge the operation range, has good perforating quality in the underground sleeve cutting type perforating mode, is hardly influenced by underground water, can realize accurate positioning perforation through structural design, has less influence on the sleeve by perforation, can be used together with other underground tools for multiple times by single underground perforation, and realizes oil and gas yield increase.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flow channel of a flow distribution mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a clamping mechanism (clamping and unclamping) of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cutting mechanism (extended and retracted) of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an impeller flowpath according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples and figures.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a downhole casing continuous perforating device comprises an upper casing 1, wherein a rotary motor 4, a motor bracket 3 and a locking screw 2 are arranged inside the upper casing 1, a perforating assembly is axially arranged on the upper casing 1, and a rotary bracket 5 is arranged inside the perforating assembly.
The rotary motor 4 is fixed inside the motor support 3, the motor support 3 is fixed inside the upper shell 1 through the locking screw 2, the punching assembly and the upper shell 1 are axially fixed through the balls 7, the rotary support 5 is fixed above the punching assembly through threads, and the middle part of the rotary support 5 is connected with the rotary motor 4 through the first key 6.
The position of the rotary motor 4 and the position of the upper shell 1 are kept fixed, a motor bracket runner 3a is arranged inside the motor bracket 3, and the rotary motor 4 can drive the punching assembly to rotate by a certain angle through a rotary bracket 5.
The punching assembly comprises a lower shell 9, wherein a flow distribution mechanism A, a clamping mechanism B and a cutting mechanism C are arranged in the lower shell 9, and the flow distribution mechanism A consists of an upper flow distribution plate 10, a flow distribution wall 14 and a lower flow distribution plate 15.
The upper valve plate 10 is connected with the upper valve plate 42 through a second key 62, the upper valve plate 10 can be driven by the upper valve plate 42 to circumferentially rotate, the upper valve plate 42 is fixed inside the lower housing 9 through the upper valve plate bracket 32 and the locking screw 22, the valve plate 14 is fixed inside the lower housing 9 through the locking screw 23, the lower valve plate 15 is connected with the lower valve plate 43 through a third key 63, the lower valve plate 15 can be driven by the lower valve plate 43 to circumferentially rotate, and the lower valve plate 43 is fixed inside the lower housing 9 through the lower valve plate bracket 33 and the locking screw 24.
The upper valve plate 10 is internally provided with an upper runner 10a, the inside of the valve plate 14 is provided with a communication runner 14a, a cutting mounting hole 14b, a flushing runner 14c, a lower communication runner 14d, a clamping runner 14e and a pushing cavity 14t, the lower valve plate 15 is provided with a lower arc runner 15a, the upper valve plate 10 can control the upper runner 10a of the upper valve plate 10 to be communicated with the flushing runner 14c or the clamping runner 14e in the valve plate 14 under the action of the upper valve plate motor 42, the lower valve plate 15 can control the lower arc runner 15a in the lower valve plate 15 to be independently communicated with the lower communication runner 14d in the valve plate 14 under the action of the lower valve plate motor 43, or the lower arc runner 15a in the lower valve plate 15 is communicated with the lower end of the lower communication runner 14d and the clamping runner 14e together, or the lower arc runner 15a in the lower valve plate 15 is not communicated with all the runners in the valve plate 14 under the valve plate, and the control device works.
The number of the clamping flow passages 14e is two, the two clamping flow passages 14e are axially arranged on the outer wall of the flow distribution wall 14 and are symmetrically arranged, the two clamping flow passages 14e are communicated through a communication flow passage 14a, the communication flow passage 14a is uniformly provided with a plurality of clamping flow passages 14, one of the two clamping flow passages 14e is closed at two ends, and the other clamping flow passage 14e is a through groove and is used for being communicated with the flow distribution plate.
The clamping mechanism B consists of a clamping block, supporting legs 11, supporting leg return springs 12 and supporting leg clamping hoops 13.
The clamping block is arranged outside the lower shell 9, the supporting leg 11 is in clearance fit with the lower shell 9, the supporting leg return spring 12 is sleeved on the supporting leg 11 and is positioned between the lower shell 9 and the supporting leg clamp 13, and the supporting leg clamp 13 is arranged in a specially-made groove of the supporting leg 11.
The outer wall of the lower shell 9 is provided with a cavity 9a in clearance fit with the clamping block, the cavity 9a is communicated with a clamping runner 14e, and fluid can push the clamping block to radially extend out through the cavity 9 a.
The clamping mechanisms B are multiple in number and symmetrically distributed corresponding to the two clamping runners 14 e.
The cutting mechanism C consists of an impeller 16, a drill bit 17, an impeller return spring 18, an impeller push plate 19 and an impeller clamp 20.
The impeller 16 is mounted outside the drill bit 17 through a sliding key 602, the drill bit 17 is connected with the impeller push plate 19 through threads, the impeller push plate 19 is in clearance fit inside the cutting mounting hole 14b, the impeller return spring 18 is mounted between the impeller push plate 19 and a step of the cutting mounting hole 14b, and the impeller clamp 20 is mounted inside the cutting mounting hole 14b of the flow distribution wall 14 and used for limiting the limit position of the impeller push plate 19.
The number of the cutting mechanisms C is multiple, and the pushing cavities 14t are uniformly distributed corresponding to one pushing cavity 14t, and the pushing cavities 14t are communicated with the cutting mounting holes 14 b.
The impeller 16 is mounted in a rotating cavity 14r inside the distributing wall 14, the rotating cavity 14r is communicated with the flushing flow channel 14c, fluid can enter the rotating cavity 14r through the flushing flow channel 14c inside the distributing wall 14 to impact the impeller to rotate, a transverse groove is formed at the upper end of the flushing flow channel 14c, and is communicated with the upper end of the pushing cavity 14t, so that the fluid can enter the pushing cavity 14t while impacting the impeller to rotate, because the upper end of the rotating cavity is a nozzle, the fluid forms throttling through the nozzle, the upper end of the nozzle is a high-pressure area and is connected with the pushing cavity, the lower end of the nozzle is a low-pressure area, the fluid speed is increased, a jet flow is formed, the pressure of the rotating cavity 14r is small, and the pressure of the pushing cavity 14t pushes the impeller push plate 19 to move radially, so that the drill bit 17 extends.
The impellers are arranged in series, the energy is gradually reduced from top to bottom, after the position of the opening at the upper end of the sleeve is penetrated, the cutting reactive torque of the drill bit is instantaneously reduced, at the moment, the fluid energy consumed by the upper-end impeller is reduced, and most of the fluid energy can be directly transmitted to the next impeller, so that single clamping is realized, and a plurality of holes are formed axially.
The working method comprises the following steps:
the lower valve plate is not communicated with the inner flow passage of the valve plate, at the moment, the upper flow passage 10a of the upper valve plate is communicated with the inner clamping flow passage 14e of the valve plate, at the moment, fluid enters the clamping mechanism, left and right through is realized through the communication flow passage 14a, and the clamping block extends out to be matched with the inner wall of the sleeve to realize clamping. At this time, the upper flow distribution mechanism controls the upper flow channel 10a of the upper flow distribution plate to be communicated with the inner flow distribution wall punching and rotating channel 14c, at this time, fluid enters the cutting mechanism, left and right through the upper end transverse groove of the flow distribution channel 14c is realized, the fluid can enter the rotating cavity 14r through the flow distribution wall punching and rotating channel 14c to impact the impeller to rotate, as shown in fig. 5, the upper end of the rotating cavity 14r is a nozzle, the lower end is a drainage port, the fluid forms high pressure in the pushing cavity 14t, meanwhile, the rotating cavity 14r forms jet flow, the impeller rotates under the jet flow effect, the torque is transmitted to the drill bit through a key, under the action of the pushing cavity 14t, the pressure difference is generated at two sides of the impeller push plate, the generated thrust is directly transmitted to the rear end of the drill bit, the drill bit cuts a sleeve under the action of the drilling pressure and the torque, after the cutting is finished, the lower flow distribution plate is firstly connected with the lower flow distribution wall lower communication channel 14d under the action of the lower flow distribution mechanism through the lower arc-shaped flow channel 15a, at this moment, the pressure of the pushing cavity 14t is released instantaneously, the rotating speed of the drill bit is reduced, the drill bit is retracted under the action of the drill bit return spring, at this moment, the lower arc-shaped flow channel 15a is simultaneously connected with the lower end of the communicating flow channel 14d and the clamping flow channel 14e under the action of the lower flow distribution wall under the action of the lower flow distribution motor, the pressure of the clamping flow channel 14e is reduced, the supporting leg is retracted under the action of the supporting return spring, at this moment, the rotating motor can rotate to drive the whole punching assembly to rotate a certain angle, then the upper flow channel 10a of the upper flow distribution plate is communicated with the inner clamping flow channel 14e of the flow distribution wall, the lower flow distribution plate is closed with the inner flow distribution wall, at this moment, the fluid enters the clamping mechanism again, the process is circulated again, the hole is formed again, after the circumferential hole forming is completed, the drill bit and the supporting leg are retracted under the action of other downhole tools (up-down moving tools) together with the continuous hole forming device, thereby realizing one-time well descending and multiple pore forming.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are only intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail by means of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A downhole casing continuous tapping device, characterized in that:
the novel drilling machine comprises an upper shell (1), wherein a motor support (3) is fixed inside the upper shell (1), a rotary motor (4) is installed in the motor support (3), the rotary motor (4) and the position of the upper shell (1) are kept coaxially fixed, a motor support runner (3 a) is arranged inside the motor support (3) and used for allowing liquid to pass through, a rotary support (5) is axially arranged at the lower part of the upper shell (1), the middle part of the rotary support (5) is connected with the rotary motor (4) through a first key (6), the rotary support (5) is connected with a drilling assembly, and the rotary motor (4) drives the drilling assembly to rotate through the rotary support (5);
the punching assembly comprises a lower shell (9), wherein the outer wall of the upper end of the lower shell (9) is axially fixed with the inner wall of the lower end of the upper shell (1) through balls (7), the rotating support (5) is of a frame structure, the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (9) are communicated, and a flow distribution mechanism (A), a clamping mechanism (B) and a cutting mechanism (C) are arranged in the lower shell (9);
the flow distribution mechanism (A) comprises an upper flow distribution plate (10), a flow distribution wall (14) and a lower flow distribution plate (15), the upper flow distribution plate (10) is connected with an upper flow distribution motor (42) through a second key (62), the upper flow distribution plate (10) can circumferentially rotate under the drive of the upper flow distribution motor (42), the upper flow distribution motor (42) is fixed in a lower shell (9) through an upper flow distribution motor bracket (32), the flow distribution wall (14) is fixed in the lower shell (9), the lower flow distribution plate (15) is connected with a lower flow distribution motor (43) through a third key (63), the lower flow distribution plate (15) can circumferentially rotate under the drive of the lower flow distribution motor (43), and the lower flow distribution motor (43) is fixed in the lower shell (9) through a lower flow distribution motor bracket (33);
an upper runner (10 a) is arranged in the upper valve plate (10), a communication runner (14 a), a cutting mounting hole (14 b), a flushing runner (14 c), a lower communication runner (14 d), a clamping runner (14 e) and a pushing cavity (14 t) are arranged in the valve plate (14), the lower valve plate (15) is provided with a lower arc runner (15 a), the upper valve plate (10) can control the upper runner (10 a) in the upper valve plate (10) to be communicated with the flushing runner (14 c) or the clamping runner (14 e) in the valve plate (14) under the action of an upper valve motor (42), the lower valve plate (15) can control the lower arc runner (15 a) in the lower valve plate (15) to be independently communicated with the lower communication runner (14 d) in the valve plate (14), or the lower arc runner (15 a) in the lower valve plate (15) can control the lower arc runner (15 a) to be communicated with the lower communication runner (14 d) in the valve plate (14) or not communicated with the lower valve plate (14 e) under the action of the lower valve motor (43), and all the lower valve plates (15) are in turn communicated with the valve plate (14 a) in the valve plate (15);
the number of the clamping flow passages (14 e) is two, the two clamping flow passages (14 e) are axially arranged on the outer wall of the distribution wall (14) and are symmetrically arranged, the two clamping flow passages (14 e) are communicated through a communication flow passage (14 a), the plurality of the communication flow passages (14 a) are uniformly arranged on the distribution wall (14), one of the two clamping flow passages (14 e) is closed at two ends, and the other clamping flow passage is a through groove and is used for being communicated with the upper distribution plate (10)/the lower distribution plate (15);
the clamping mechanism (B) comprises a clamping block, supporting legs (11), supporting leg return springs (12) and supporting leg clamps (13), a cavity (9 a) in clearance fit with the clamping block is formed in the outer wall of the lower shell (9), the cavity (9 a) is communicated with the clamping flow channels (14 e), fluid can push the clamping block to radially extend out through the cavity (9 a), the supporting legs (11) are fixed on the clamping block and in clearance fit with the lower shell (9), the supporting leg clamps (13) are clamped in grooves at the end parts of the supporting legs (11), the supporting leg return springs (12) are sleeved on the supporting legs (11) and located between the lower shell (9) and the supporting leg clamps (13), and the clamping mechanism (B) is multiple and symmetrically distributed corresponding to the two clamping flow channels (14 e).
The cutting mechanism (C) comprises an impeller (16), a drill bit (17), an impeller return spring (18), an impeller push plate (19) and an impeller clamp (20), wherein the drill bit (17) is in sliding fit with the flow distribution wall (14), the impeller (16) is mounted at the front end of the drill bit (17) through a sliding key (602), the tail end of the drill bit (17) is connected with the impeller push plate (19) through threads, the impeller push plate (19) is in sliding fit inside a cutting mounting hole (14 b), the impeller return spring (18) is sleeved at the tail end of the drill bit (17) and is positioned between the impeller push plate (19) and a step of the cutting mounting hole (14 b), and the impeller clamp (20) is mounted inside the cutting mounting hole (14 b) of the flow distribution wall (14) and is used for limiting the limit position of the impeller push plate (19);
the impeller (16) is arranged in a rotating cavity (14 r) arranged in the flow distribution wall (14), the rotating cavity (14 r) is communicated with the flushing and rotating flow channel (14C), fluid can enter the rotating cavity (14 r) through the flushing and rotating flow channel (14C) in the flow distribution wall (14) to impact the impeller to rotate, a transverse groove is formed in the upper end of the flushing and rotating flow channel (14C), and is communicated with the upper end of the pushing cavity (14 t), so that the fluid can enter the pushing cavity (14 t) while the flushing impeller rotates, the number of the cutting mechanisms (C) is multiple, the corresponding pushing cavities (14 t) are uniformly distributed, the pushing cavities (14 t) are communicated with the cutting mounting holes (14 b) and are used for applying thrust to the impeller push plate (19) to enable the drill bit (17) to extend out;
the upper end of the rotating cavity (14 r) is provided with a nozzle, the lower end of the rotating cavity is provided with a drainage port, fluid forms jet flow in the rotating cavity (14 r), and meanwhile, the fluid forms high pressure relative to the rotating cavity (14 r) in the pushing cavity (14 t).
2. A downhole casing continuous aperturing apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the lower shell (9) is closed, and the rest part of the lower shell (9) has the same diameter as the upper shell (1).
3. A downhole casing continuous aperturing apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the motor bracket (3), the upper current distribution motor bracket (32), the current distribution wall (14) and the lower current distribution motor bracket (33) are respectively fixed through locking screws.
4. A downhole casing continuous aperturing apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the rotating support (5) is fixed on the inner wall of the upper end of the lower shell (9) through threads.
5. A method of operating a downhole casing continuous tapping device according to claim 1, comprising:
firstly, the lower valve plate is not communicated with the inner flow passage of the valve plate, at the moment, the upper flow passage (10 a) in the upper valve plate is communicated with the clamping flow passage (14 e) in the valve plate, at the moment, fluid enters the clamping flow passage (14 e), the fluid passes through the communication flow passage (14 a) to realize penetration, and the clamping block stretches out under the action of fluid pressure and is attached to the inner wall of the sleeve to realize clamping;
the upper flow distribution motor controls an upper flow passage (10 a) in the upper flow distribution plate to be communicated with a flushing flow passage (14 c) in the flow distribution wall, at the moment, fluid enters the flushing flow passage (14 c) and the pushing cavity (14 t), the fluid enters the rotating cavity (14 r) through the flow distribution wall flushing flow passage (14 c) to impact the impeller to rotate, the torque of the impeller is transmitted to the drill bit, meanwhile, under the pressure of the pushing cavity (14 t), the two sides of the impeller push plate generate pressure difference, the generated thrust is directly transmitted to the rear end of the drill bit, and the drill bit cuts a sleeve under the action of the thrust and the torque;
after cutting is finished, the lower valve plate rotates under the action of a lower current distribution motor, the lower arc-shaped runner (15 a) is connected with the lower communication runner (14 d) of the current distribution wall, at the moment, pressure is released instantaneously, the rotating speed of the drill bit is reduced, the pressure of the pushing cavity (14 t) is reduced, under the action of a drill bit return spring, the drill bit is retracted, at the moment, the lower valve plate is simultaneously connected with the lower communication runner (14 d) of the current distribution wall and the clamping runner (14 e) under the action of the lower current distribution motor, the pressure of the clamping runner (14 e) is reduced, and under the action of a supporting return spring, the supporting leg is retracted, and one-time sleeve perforation is completed.
6. A method of operation using a downhole casing continuous tapping device according to claim 5, wherein: the upper rotating motor rotates to drive the whole punching assembly to rotate by a set angle, and the previous sleeve punching process is repeated, so that the sleeve is continuously punched in the circumferential direction.
7. A method of operation using a downhole casing continuous tapping device according to claim 6, wherein: the device also comprises an up-and-down moving tool, wherein the up-and-down moving tool drives the upper shell (1) to move up and down, so that the sleeve is axially segmented and continuously perforated.
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| CN114922581A (en) | 2022-08-19 |
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