CN114922275A

CN114922275A - Drainage structure of soft road foundation soil layer and drainage method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114922275A
Application number: CN202210560530.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆建华
Original assignee: Nanjing East Road And Bridge Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing East Road And Bridge Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-23
Filing date: 2022-05-23
Publication date: 2022-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-23
Also published as: CN114922275B

Abstract

The invention discloses a drainage structure of a soft roadbed soil layer and a drainage method thereof, wherein the drainage structure comprises a drainage well, a drainage pipe communicated with the drainage well, and a filter screen arranged in the drainage pipe, a cleaning device is arranged on the side wall of the drainage well, the cleaning device comprises a fixed seat fixedly connected to the side wall of the drainage well, a connecting piece slidably arranged on the fixed seat, and a cleaning brush fixedly connected to one side of the connecting piece close to the filter screen, the cleaning brush is abutted against the side surface of the filter screen, and the cleaning device further comprises a reciprocating driving mechanism for driving the connecting piece to reciprocate on the fixed seat. This application has the effect that keeps weak road bed soil horizon drainage structures drainage efficiency.

Description

Drainage structure of soft road foundation soil layer and drainage method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of roadbed drainage structures, in particular to a drainage structure of a soft roadbed and a drainage method thereof.

Background

Along with the continuous development of urbanization in China, roads in China are more and more constructed, soft soil bottom layers are widely distributed in coastal areas in China, and in order to improve the drainage performance of soft roadbed soil layers in rainfall, a drainage structure is usually arranged in a soft roadbed to reduce the possibility that the soft roadbed is soaked by rainwater for a long time.

In view of the above-mentioned related art, the drainage structure generally includes a drainage well for storing rainwater and a drainage pipe communicated with the drainage well, the rainwater stored in the drainage well is drained to the outside of the field through the drainage pipe, and in order to isolate large sediments outside the drainage pipe, a worker usually adds a filter screen in the drainage pipe, but during the operation of the drainage structure, the filter screen may be blocked by foreign matters, which reduces the drainage efficiency of the weak roadbed soil layer drainage structure.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to maintain the drainage efficiency of the soft road foundation soil layer drainage structure, the application provides the drainage structure of the soft road foundation soil layer and a drainage method thereof.

In a first aspect, the application provides a drainage structure of a soft road foundation soil layer, which adopts the following technical scheme:

drainage structures on soft road foundation soil layer, including the drainage shaft, with the drain pipe that the drainage shaft is linked together with set up in filter screen in the drain pipe, be provided with cleaning device on the lateral wall of drainage shaft, cleaning device include fixed connection in fixing base on the drainage shaft lateral wall, slide set up in connecting piece and fixed connection on the fixing base in the connecting piece is close to the brush of cleaing away of filter screen one side, clear away the brush with the side of filter screen is inconsistent, cleaning device is still including being used for the drive the connecting piece is in reciprocating motion's reciprocating drive mechanism on the fixing base.

Through adopting the above technical scheme, fixing base fixed connection is on the side of drainage shaft, it is close to one side of filter screen to clear away brush fixed connection in the connecting piece, the connecting piece slides and sets up on the fixing base, when reciprocating drive mechanism drive connecting piece reciprocating motion on the fixing base, the connecting piece can drive and clear away the last reciprocating motion of brush at the filter screen, thereby make and clear away the brush and can clear up the foreign matter on the filter screen, when making the filter screen can continue to play the filtering action, can last the efficient with rainwater drainage, thereby keep the drainage efficiency of weak road bed soil layer drainage structures.

Preferably, the reciprocating driving mechanism comprises a driven plate fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning brush far away from the connecting piece, a strip-shaped hole is formed in the driven plate, a groove is formed in the side wall of the drainage well, a mounting groove is formed in the side wall of the groove, the motor is fixed in the mounting groove, a rotating plate is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor, the rotating plate is rotatably arranged in the groove, a shifting rod is eccentrically fixed to the rotating plate, and the shifting rod is slidably arranged in the strip-shaped hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rotor plate fixed connection is on the output shaft of motor, and the driving lever is eccentric to be fixed in on the rotor plate, and the driving lever slides and sets up in the bar hole, and when the motor started, the motor drove the rotor plate and rotates to make the eccentric driving lever that is fixed in on the rotor plate pass through driven plate and drive connecting piece reciprocating motion on the fixing base, make the foreign matter that the brush can be filtered on to the filter screen clear up.

Preferably, the side wall of the drainage well is further provided with a control mechanism, the control mechanism comprises a fixed pipe fixedly connected to the side wall of the drainage well, a plugging block is arranged below the fixed pipe and fixed on the side wall of the drainage well, a gap is left between the top surface of the plugging block and the bottom end surface of the fixed pipe, the top surface of the plugging block is provided with a first sliding groove, a control block is arranged in the first sliding groove in a sliding manner, a fixed contact piece is embedded on the inner wall of the first sliding groove, a movable contact piece capable of abutting against the fixed contact piece is embedded on the side surface of the control block, the inner wall of the drainage well is further fixed with a power supply, the movable contact piece is electrically connected with one of the binding posts of the motor, the other binding post of the motor is electrically connected with one of the electrodes of the power supply, and the other electrode of the power supply is electrically connected with the fixed contact piece, the control block is fixedly connected with a connecting rope, one end of the connecting rope, far away from the control block, is fixedly connected with a floating ball, and the floating ball is arranged in the fixed pipe in a sliding manner.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after the filter screen is blockked up by the foreign matter, the filtration efficiency of drain pipe can reduce to can lead to the water level in the drain well to rise, along with the rising of water level in the drain well, the floater floats gradually in the fixed tube, makes the floater upwards stimulate the control block through connecting the rope, thereby makes movable contact and fixed contact inconsistent, and then makes the motor can be automatic start after the filter screen blocks up, and the automatic drive clears up the brush and clears up the filter screen. And after the filter screen is cleared up to the clearance brush, the filtration efficiency of filter screen improves for the water level in the sump gradually descends, and the floater moves down along with the water level in the sump is synchronous this moment, thereby makes the control block slide to first sliding tray under the action of gravity, makes the movable contact and the fixed contact break away from mutually, thereby makes the filter screen by the clearance after accomplish, the motor automatic stop.

Preferably, a first limiting groove is formed in the inner wall of the first sliding groove, a first limiting block is fixedly connected to the side face of the control block, and the first limiting block is arranged in the first limiting groove in a sliding mode.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first stopper slides and sets up in first spacing inslot, hinders the control block and breaks away from first sliding tray, has promoted the stability of control mechanism structure.

Preferably, a clamping groove is formed in the side face of the filter screen, a second sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the drain pipe, a clamping mechanism is arranged in the second sliding groove, the clamping mechanism comprises a sliding pin, one end of the sliding pin can be inserted into the clamping groove, the sliding pin is slidably arranged in the second sliding groove, and the drain pipe is provided with an unlocking assembly which can drive the sliding pin to be far away from the sliding in the direction of the clamping groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the sliding pin slides and sets up in the second sliding tray, when the one end of sliding pin was inserted and is located the joint inslot, hinders the filter screen and removes in the drain pipe, has improved the steadiness of filter screen in the drain pipe, and staff's accessible unblock subassembly makes the one end of sliding pin break away from the joint groove simultaneously to with the clamping mechanism unblock, and then the change and the maintenance of the filter screen of being convenient for.

Preferably, a first spring is arranged in the second sliding groove, one end of the first spring abuts against the side wall, far away from the filter screen, of the second sliding groove, and the other end of the first spring abuts against the sliding pin.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the one end of first spring is contradicted on the lateral wall that the filter screen was kept away from in the second sliding tray, and the other end of first spring is contradicted on the sliding pin to hinder the sliding pin to slide to the direction of keeping away from the filter screen, make installing in the drain pipe that the filter screen is enough more stable.

Preferably, the sliding hole has been seted up on the inner wall of second sliding tray, the sliding hole with the drainage shaft is linked together, the unblock subassembly including slide set up in unblock pole in the sliding hole, the connecting hole has been seted up on the side of sliding pin, be provided with first inclined plane on the roof of connecting hole, first inclined plane orientation the direction of drainage shaft, the one end that the unblock pole is close to the sliding pin is provided with the second inclined plane, the second inclined plane with first inclined plane is inconsistent.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first inclined plane sets up in the connecting hole roof and towards the direction of drainage shaft, and the unblock pole slides and sets up in the sliding hole, and the second inclined plane is inconsistent with first inclined plane, and when the unblock pole slides to the direction that is close to the sliding pin, through the conflict effect on first inclined plane and second inclined plane, the unblock pole can make the sliding pin slide to the direction of keeping away from the filter screen to the one end that makes the sliding pin can break away from the joint groove.

Preferably, a second limiting groove is formed in the sliding hole, a second limiting block is fixedly connected to the unlocking rod, and the second limiting block is arranged in the second limiting groove in a sliding mode.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the second stopper slides and sets up in the second spacing inslot, hinders the unblock pole and breaks away from the slide opening to improve the steadiness of delocking subassembly structure.

Preferably, a second spring is arranged in the second limiting groove, one end of the second spring abuts against the side wall, close to the sliding pin, of the second limiting groove, and the other end of the second spring abuts against the side face, close to the sliding pin, of the second limiting block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, under the elastic force effect of second spring, hinder unlocking lever to sliding to the direction that is close to the sliding pin to reduce unlocking lever accident and with the possibility of latch mechanism unblock, improved the stability of filter screen in the drain pipe.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a drainage method for a drainage structure of a soft foundation soil layer, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the drainage method of the drainage structure of the soft road foundation soil layer comprises the following steps: s1: rainwater flows into the drainage well and is drained out of the field through the drainage pipe; s2: when the filter screen is blocked by foreign matters, the motor is automatically started and drives the cleaning brush to move on the filter screen in a reciprocating manner; s3: when the cleaning brush cleans the filter screen, the motor automatically stops.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the filter screen was blockked up by the foreign matter, motor automatic start and drive were clear away brush reciprocating motion on the filter screen, were cleared up the filter screen, and when clear away the brush and clear up the back to the filter screen simultaneously, the motor automatic stop to keep the drainage efficiency of weak roadbed soil layer drainage structure.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the cleaning brush is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting piece, which is close to the filter screen, and the connecting piece is arranged on the fixing seat in a sliding manner;

2. when the filter screen is blockked up by the foreign matter after, the filtration efficiency of drain pipe can reduce to can lead to the water level in the drain well to rise, along with the rising of water level in the drain well, the floater floats gradually in the fixed tube, makes the floater upwards stimulate the control block through connecting the rope, thereby makes the movable contact and the fixed contact inconsistent, and then makes the motor can automatic start after the filter screen blocks up, and automatic drive clears away the brush and clears up the filter screen. When the cleaning brush cleans the filter screen, the filtering efficiency of the filter screen is improved, so that the water level in the drain well is gradually reduced, and at the moment, the floating ball synchronously moves downwards along with the water level in the drain well, so that the control block slides towards the first sliding groove under the action of gravity, the movable contact piece is separated from the fixed contact piece, and the motor automatically stops after the filter screen is cleaned;

3. first inclined plane sets up in the connecting hole roof and towards the direction of drainage shaft, and the unblock pole slides and sets up in the sliding hole, and the second inclined plane offsets with first inclined plane, and when the unblock pole slided to the direction that is close to the sliding pin, through the conflict effect on first inclined plane and second inclined plane, the unblock pole can make the sliding pin slide to the direction of keeping away from the filter screen to the one end that makes the sliding pin can break away from the joint groove.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structural schematic diagram of a drainage structure in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a drain well in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a snapping mechanism in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view at B in fig. 2.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a cleaning device; 11. a fixed seat; 12. a connecting member; 13. cleaning brushes; 14. a reciprocating drive mechanism; 141. a driven plate; 1411. a strip-shaped hole; 142. an electric motor; 143. a rotating plate; 144. a deflector rod; 15. a control mechanism; 151. fixing the tube; 152. a plugging block; 1521. a first sliding groove; 1522. a first limit groove; 153. a control block; 1531. a first stopper; 154. connecting ropes; 155. a floating ball; 156. a movable contact spring; 157. a fixed contact piece; 158. a power source; 2. a drainage well; 21. a groove; 22. mounting grooves; 3. a drain pipe; 31. a second sliding groove; 32. a slide hole; 321. a second limit groove; 33. a clamping mechanism; 34. a slide pin; 341. connecting holes; 342. a first inclined plane; 35. a first spring; 36. an unlocking assembly; 361. an unlocking lever; 3611. a second inclined plane; 362. a second limiting block; 363. a second spring; 4. a filter screen; 41. a clamping groove; 5. a grid plate.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-5.

The embodiment of the application discloses drainage structures in soft road foundation soil layer. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the drainage structure includes a cleaning device 1, a drainage well 2, a drainage pipe 3, and a filtering net 4. The drainage well 2 is vertically arranged on a roadbed soil layer, the horizontal section of the drainage well 2 is square, and a grid plate 5 is covered at the top of the drainage well 2. The drain pipe 3 level sets up in the lower part of drainage well 2, and drain pipe 3 is linked together with drainage well 2, and the 3 tip of drain pipe flushes with the inner wall of drainage well 2.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the filter screen 4 is disposed in the drain pipe 3, two clamping grooves 41 are formed in the outer peripheral surface of the filter screen 4, and the two clamping grooves 41 are symmetrically distributed on the filter screen 4 along the circumferential direction of the filter screen 4. Two second sliding chutes 31 have been seted up to the level on the internal perisporium of drain pipe 3, and two second sliding chutes 31 are linked together with two joint grooves 41 respectively, all are provided with clamping mechanism 33 in two second sliding chutes 31.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the latch mechanism 33 includes a slide pin 34, a first spring 35, and a latch assembly 36. The sliding pin 34 is slidably disposed in the second sliding groove 31, and one end of the sliding pin 34 is inserted into the clamping groove 41. The first spring 35 is disposed in the second sliding groove 31, one end of the first spring 35 abuts against the side wall of the second sliding groove 31 far away from the filter screen 4, and the other end of the first spring 35 abuts against the end surface of the sliding pin 34 far away from the filter screen 4.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the unlocking assembly 36 includes an unlocking rod 361, a second stopper 362 and a second spring 363, the second sliding groove 31 is horizontally provided with a sliding hole 32 near the inner wall of the drainage well 2, the sliding hole 32 is communicated with the drainage well 2, and the unlocking rod 361 is slidably disposed in the sliding hole 32. A connecting hole 341 is formed on a side surface of the sliding pin 34, and a first inclined surface 342 is formed on a top wall of the connecting hole 341, and the first inclined surface 342 faces the direction of the drain well 2. The unlocking lever 361 has a second inclined surface 3611 at an end thereof adjacent to the slide pin 34, and the second inclined surface 3611 is in contact with the first inclined surface 342.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a second limiting groove 321 is formed in a side wall of the sliding hole 32 away from the filter screen 4, a second limiting block 362 is welded and fixed to the unlocking rod 361, and the second limiting block 362 is slidably disposed in the second limiting groove 321. The second spring 363 is disposed in the second limiting groove 321, one end of the second spring 363 abuts against the side wall of the second limiting groove 321 close to the sliding pin 34, and the other end of the second spring 363 abuts against the side surface of the second limiting block 362 close to the sliding pin 34. When the second stopper 362 abuts against the side wall of the second stopper groove 321 away from the sliding pin 34, the end surface of the unlocking lever 361 away from the sliding pin 34 is flush with the end surface of the drain pipe 3 close to the drain well 2.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the cleaning apparatus 1 includes a holder 11, a connector 12, a cleaning brush 13, a reciprocating drive mechanism 14, and a control mechanism 15. Fixing base 11 fixed connection is on the lateral wall that is close to drain pipe 3 in drainage shaft 2, and fixing base 11 is located drain pipe 3's top, and connecting piece 12 passes fixing base 11, and connecting piece 12 vertical slip sets up on fixing base 11. The cleaning brush 13 is welded and fixed on the connecting piece 12, the cleaning brush 13 is horizontally arranged on one side of the connecting piece 12 close to the drain pipe 3, and the cleaning brush 13 is abutted against the side face of the filter screen 4.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the reciprocating drive mechanism 14 includes a driven plate 141, a motor 142, a rotating plate 143, and a shift lever 144. The driven plate 141 is welded and fixed on one side of the connecting piece 12 far away from the cleaning brush 13, a strip-shaped hole 1411 is formed in the driven plate 141, and the length direction of the strip-shaped hole 1411 is horizontally arranged. The side wall of the drainage well 2 is provided with a groove 21, the groove 21 is positioned above the drainage pipe 3, and the side wall of the groove 21 is provided with a mounting groove 22.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the motor 142 is fixedly installed in the installation groove 22, the rotating plate 143 is a circular plate, the rotating plate 143 is welded and fixed to an output shaft of the motor 142, the rotating plate 143 is rotatably installed in the groove 21, a side surface of the rotating plate 143 close to the motor 142 is abutted to a side wall of the groove 21, a side surface of the rotating plate 143 far from the motor 142 is flush with a side wall of the drain well 2, the shift lever 144 is welded and fixed to a side surface of the rotating plate 143 far from the motor 142, the shift lever 144 is eccentrically installed on the rotating plate 143, and the shift lever 144 is slidably installed in the strip-shaped hole 1411.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the control mechanism 15 is disposed on a sidewall of the drain well 2 away from the drain pipe 3, and the control mechanism 15 includes a fixed pipe 151, a block 152, a control block 153, a connection rope 154, a floating ball 155, a movable contact 156, a fixed contact 157, and a power supply 158. Fixed pipe 151 fixed connection is on the lateral wall of drainage well 2, and the bottom terminal surface of fixed pipe 151 is located the top of drain pipe 3, and plugging block 152 fixed connection is on the lateral wall of drainage well 2, and plugging block 152 is located the below of fixed pipe 151, leaves the clearance between the top surface of plugging block 152 and the bottom terminal surface of fixed pipe 151.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, a first sliding groove 1521 is formed on the top surface of the blocking block 152, the control block 153 is slidably disposed in the first sliding groove 1521, a first limiting groove 1522 is formed on the inner wall of the first sliding groove 1521, a first limiting block 1531 is welded and fixed on the side surface of the control block 153, and the first limiting block 1531 is slidably disposed in the first limiting groove 1522.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the fixed contact piece 157 is embedded on the inner wall of the first sliding groove 1521, the movable contact piece 156 is embedded on the side surface of the control block 153, the power supply 158 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drainage well 2, the power supply 158 is located below the plugging block 152, the connecting rope 154 is fixedly connected on the top surface of the control block 153, the floating ball 155 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rope 154 far away from the control block 153, and the floating ball 155 is slidably installed in the fixed pipe 151.

Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, the movable contact 156 is electrically connected to one of the terminals of the motor 142, the other terminal of the motor 142 is electrically connected to one of the poles of the power supply 158, and the other pole of the power supply 158 is electrically connected to the fixed contact 157.

The implementation principle of the drainage structure of the soft roadbed soil layer of the embodiment of the application is as follows: after filter screen 4 is blockked up by the foreign matter, the filtration efficiency of drain pipe 3 can reduce, thereby can lead to the water level in the drainage well 2 to rise, along with the rising of water level in the drainage well 2, floater 155 floats gradually in fixed pipe 151, make floater 155 can upwards stimulate control block 153 through connecting rope 154, thereby make movable contact piece 156 and fixed contact piece 157 inconsistent, and then make motor 142 can be automatic start after filter screen 4 blocks up, make connecting piece 12 can drive and clear away brush 13 reciprocating motion on filter screen 4, thereby make and clear away brush 13 and can clear up the foreign matter on the filter screen 4, when making filter screen 4 can continue to play the filtering action, can last the rainwater discharge of efficient, thereby keep the drainage efficiency of soft road foundation soil layer drainage structures. And after the filter screen 4 is cleaned by the cleaning brush 13, the filtering efficiency of the filter screen 4 is improved, so that the water level in the drainage well 2 gradually decreases, at the moment, the floating ball 155 synchronously moves downwards along with the water level in the drainage well 2, so that the control block 153 slides towards the first sliding groove 1521 under the action of gravity, the movable contact piece 156 is separated from the fixed contact piece 157, and the motor 142 automatically stops after the filter screen 4 is cleaned.

When the one end of sliding pin 34 is inserted and is located joint groove 41 in, hinder filter screen 4 and remove in drain pipe 3, the steadiness of filter screen 4 in drain pipe 3 has been improved, simultaneously the staff can press unblock lever 361 to sliding hole 32 in, under the conflict effect of first inclined plane 342 and second inclined plane 3611, unblock lever 361 can make sliding pin 34 slide to the direction of keeping away from filter screen 4, the one end that makes sliding pin 34 breaks away from joint groove 41, thereby with the unblock of clamping mechanism 33, and then be convenient for the change and the maintenance of filter screen 4.

The embodiment of the application also discloses a drainage method of the drainage structure of the soft roadbed soil layer, which comprises the following steps: s1: rainwater flows into the drainage well 2 and is drained out of the field through the drainage pipe 3; s2: when the filter screen 4 is blocked by foreign matters, the motor 142 is automatically started and drives the cleaning brush 13 to reciprocate on the filter screen 4; s3: when the filter screen 4 is cleaned by the cleaning brush 13, the motor 142 is automatically stopped.

The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Drainage structures on weak road foundation soil layer, including drainage well (2), with drainage pipe (3) that drainage well (2) are linked together with set up in filter screen (4) in drainage pipe (3), its characterized in that: be provided with cleaning device (1) on the lateral wall of pumping shaft (2), cleaning device (1) including fixed connection in fixing base (11), the slip on pumping shaft (2) lateral wall set up in connecting piece (12) and fixed connection on fixing base (11) are close to connecting piece (12) the brush (13) of cleaing away of filter screen (4) one side, clear away brush (13) with the side of filter screen (4) is inconsistent, cleaning device (1) is still including being used for the drive connecting piece (12) are in reciprocating motion's reciprocating drive mechanism (14) on fixing base (11).

2. The drainage structure of a soft subgrade layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: reciprocating drive mechanism (14) including fixed connection in connecting piece (12) are kept away from driven plate (141) of cleaing away brush (13) one side, bar hole (1411) have been seted up on driven plate (141), seted up on the lateral wall of drainage shaft (2) recess (21), mounting groove (22) have been seted up on the lateral wall of recess (21), mounting groove (22) internal fixation is in motor (142), fixedly connected with rotor plate (143) on the output shaft of motor (142), rotor plate (143) rotate set up in recess (21), eccentric fixed with driving lever (144) on rotor plate (143), driving lever (144) slide set up in bar hole (1411).

3. The drainage structure of a soft subgrade layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the side wall of the drainage well (2) is further provided with a control mechanism (15), the control mechanism (15) comprises a fixed pipe (151) fixedly connected to the side wall of the drainage well (2), a plugging block (152) is arranged below the fixed pipe (151), the plugging block (152) is fixed to the side wall of the drainage well (2), a gap is reserved between the top surface of the plugging block (152) and the bottom end surface of the fixed pipe (151), a first sliding groove (1521) is formed in the top surface of the plugging block (152), a control block (153) is arranged in the first sliding groove (1521) in a sliding mode, a fixed contact piece (157) is embedded in the inner wall of the first sliding groove (1521), a movable contact piece (156) capable of abutting against the fixed contact piece (157) is embedded in the side surface of the control block (153), a power supply (158) is further fixed to the inner wall of the drainage well (2), the movable contact piece (156) is electrically connected with one of the terminals of the motor (142), the other terminal of the motor (142) is electrically connected with one electrode of the power supply (158), the other electrode of the power supply (158) is electrically connected with the fixed contact piece (157), the control block (153) is fixedly connected with a connecting rope (154), one end of the connecting rope (154) far away from the control block (153) is fixedly connected with a floating ball (155), and the floating ball (155) is arranged in the fixed tube (151) in a sliding manner.

4. The drainage structure of soft subgrade soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: first spacing groove (1522) have been seted up on the inner wall of first sliding tray (1521), fixedly connected with first stopper (1531) on the side of control block (153), first stopper (1531) slide and set up in first spacing groove (1522).

5. The drainage structure of a soft subgrade layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: seted up joint groove (41) on the side of filter screen (4), second sliding tray (31) have been seted up on the inner wall of drain pipe (3), be provided with clamping mechanism (33) in second sliding tray (31), clamping mechanism (33) include that one end can insert locate slide pin (34) in joint groove (41), slide pin (34) slide set up in second sliding tray (31), be provided with on drain pipe (3) and drive slide pin (34) are to keeping away from joint groove (41) gliding unblock subassembly (36) of direction.

6. The drainage structure of a soft subgrade layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: a first spring (35) is arranged in the second sliding groove (31), one end of the first spring (35) abuts against the side wall, far away from the filter screen (4), of the second sliding groove (31), and the other end of the first spring (35) abuts against the sliding pin (34).

7. The drainage structure of a soft subgrade layer according to claim 6, characterized in that: seted up sliding hole (32) on the inner wall of second sliding tray (31), sliding hole (32) with drainage shaft (2) are linked together, unblock subassembly (36) including slide set up in unblock pole (361) in sliding hole (32), connecting hole (341) have been seted up on the side of sliding pin (34), be provided with first inclined plane (342) on the roof of connecting hole (341), first inclined plane (342) orientation the direction of drainage shaft (2), the one end that unblock pole (361) are close to sliding pin (34) is provided with second inclined plane (3611), second inclined plane (3611) with first inclined plane (342) are inconsistent.

8. The drainage structure of soft subgrade soil according to claim 7, characterized in that: a second limiting groove (321) is formed in the sliding hole (32), a second limiting block (362) is fixedly connected to the unlocking rod (361), and the second limiting block (362) is arranged in the second limiting groove (321) in a sliding mode.

9. The drainage structure of soft subgrade soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: a second spring (363) is arranged in the second limiting groove (321), one end of the second spring (363) abuts against the side wall, close to the sliding pin (34), of the second limiting groove (321), and the other end of the second spring (363) abuts against the side face, close to the sliding pin (34), of the second limiting block (362).

10. A drainage method of a drainage structure of a soft roadbed according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:

s1: rainwater flows into the drainage well (2) and is drained out of the field through the drainage pipe (3);

s2: when the filter screen (4) is blocked by foreign matters, the motor (142) is automatically started and drives the cleaning brush (13) to reciprocate on the filter screen (4);

s3: when the cleaning brush (13) cleans the filter screen (4), the motor (142) automatically stops.