CN114921604A - Smelting method of high-carbon ferrochrome - Google Patents
Smelting method of high-carbon ferrochrome Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 29
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/008—Use of special additives or fluxing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/214—Sintering; Agglomerating in shaft furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A smelting method of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of (1-9): 1, adding the south African chromite and Turkish chromite into a mixer, and then adding bentonite and fly ash to obtain a mixture; adding water into the mixture for granulation to form a raw material mass; screening and roasting the raw material pellets to obtain chromite pellets, and controlling the roasting temperature to be 1200-1350 ℃ and the roasting time to be 12-15 h; charging the chromite pellets, a slag former and a reducing agent into a furnace, and adjusting smelting parameters of an ore-smelting furnace: namely the diameter of the pole center circle is 2.4-2.6 m; the current density of the electrode is 8-8.2A/cm 2 The secondary voltage is 170-173V, the power is 220kVA, the smelting temperature is 1650-1750 ℃, and the high-carbon ferrochrome alloy is obtained by tapping after smelting for 4-5 h. The method has advantages of stable raw material source, easily controlled alkali ratio, magnesium-aluminum ratio, slag type, etc., reduced energy consumption, reduced production cost, and improved qualityThe comprehensive recovery rate of chromium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a smelting method of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy.
Background
Rare resources of chromium ore in ChinaIn the absence, the chromium ore resource used for the production of ferrochrome has the external dependency degree as high as 98 percent. At present, the main import countries of chromium ore in China are south Africa and Turkey, and the import quantity proportion of the two countries is more than 75%. However, the types of the two chromium ores are different, which is reflected in that the mineral composition is greatly different, and the two chromium ores contain elements and compound types in different proportions. From the composition, two chromite main components Cr 2 O 3 The content is not very different, but the south African chrome ore MgO/Al 2 O 3 The mass ratio is lower, generally about 0.7, and the Turkey chromium ore MgO/Al 2 O 3 The mass ratio of (A) is higher, generally about 2; second, SiO in south African ores 2 The content is generally 6-7%, compared with the chromium ore of Turkey, the content of SiO in the chromium ore of Turkey is low 2 The content is 9-11%. In addition, in terms of ore structure, the south African chromium ore has fewer spinel structures inside, is easy to melt in the smelting process of the submerged arc furnace, has poor reducing capability and Cr in slag 2 O 3 The loss is high. The chromium ores with different crystal forms and crystal grains are distributed in a staggered way, and finally different chromium ores present different smelting characteristics in the ore smelting furnace, thereby influencing the smelting technology and corresponding economic indexes of the high-carbon ferrochrome. By combining the characteristics of the minerals, all indexes of the Turkey chromium ore are slightly superior to those of the south African chromium ore, but the cost of the raw materials is higher than that of the south African chromium ore.
At present, the smelting of high-carbon ferrochrome mainly adopts the steps of briquetting and batching a single variety of chromium ore and then smelting in an ore-smelting furnace, and the method has the problems that the import source of the single ore is unstable, the alkali ratio, the magnesium-aluminum ratio, the slag type and the like in the batching process are difficult to regulate and control, the final energy consumption is high, the comprehensive smelting recovery rate of metal chromium is low and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a smelting method of a high-carbon ferrochrome, which matches and uses Turkey chromium ore and south African chromium ore according to different proportions, so that the raw material source is stable, the alkali ratio, the magnesium-aluminum ratio, the slag type and the like in the batching process are easy to regulate and control, in addition, the energy consumption and the production cost can be reduced, and the comprehensive recovery rate of chromium can be improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a smelting method of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio (1-9): 1, adding the south African chromite and the Turkish chromite into a mixer, and continuously adding bentonite and dedusting ash into the mixer to obtain a mixture, wherein the bentonite and the dedusting ash are respectively 2-3% and 1-2% of the total mass of the south African chromite and the Turkish chromite;
(2) conveying the mixture obtained in the step (1) to a granulator, adding 50-80L of water into each ton of mixture to enable the water content of the mixture to reach 9.5-10.5%, and granulating into raw material balls with the diameter of 10-20 mm;
(3) screening the raw material pellets obtained in the step (2), then sending the raw material pellets into a bin at the top of a shaft furnace, sending the raw material pellets into the furnace in batches by a disc distributor for roasting, controlling the roasting temperature to be 1200-1350 ℃ and the roasting time to be 12-15 h, and roasting to obtain chromite pellets;
(4) mixing chromite pellets, a slagging agent and a reducing agent according to the mass ratio of 100: (8-12) feeding the ingredients into the furnace, and adjusting the smelting parameters of the submerged arc furnace: namely the diameter of the pole center circle is 2.4-2.6 m; the current density of the electrode is 8-8.2A/cm 2 The secondary voltage is 170-173V, the power is 220kVA, the smelting temperature is 1650-1750 ℃, and the high-carbon ferrochrome alloy is obtained after tapping after smelting for 4-5 hours.
Preferably, in the step (1), the south african chromite contains the following components: 40.54-41.08 wt% of Cr 2 O 3 7.15-7.55% of SiO 2 10.65-10.86% MgO, 12.25-12.65% Al 2 O 3 18.85-19.08% of Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities.
Preferably, in the step (1), the turkish chromite contains the following components: 41.44-42.12% of Cr by weight percentage 2 O 3 9.24 to 9.71% of SiO 2 19.23 to 19.77% of MgO, 7.17 to 7.38% of Al 2 O 3 13.25 to 13.56% of Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities.
Preferably, in the step (3), at least 85% of the chromite pellets obtained after roasting have a pellet strength of more than or equal to 900N.
Preferably, in the step (4), the slag former is a mixture of serpentine, silica and bluestone, and comprises the following components: 37-39% of MgO and 24-25% of Al in percentage by weight 2 O 3 25-26% of SiO 2 5-6% of CaO.
Preferably, the serpentine contains 35-40% of MgO and 35-40% of SiO in percentage by weight 2 SiO in silica 2 Is at least 98 wt%, and the content of CaO in the bluestone is at least 50 wt%.
Preferably, in step (4), the reducing agent is metallurgical coke or semi coke, and the fixed carbon content of both is at least 85%.
CaO in the slag former of the present invention mainly plays a role in fixing the harmful elements oxidized in the molten alloy, for example, CaO and SiO 2 2 CaO. SiO2 is generated in a combined manner, so that the refining reaction is carried out rightwards, and the harmful elements are removed more completely; SiO2 2 The method has the functions of adjusting the alkalinity of the primary slag and controlling refining parameters; MgO is used for protecting the magnesia refractory lining and prolonging the furnace life; al (Al) 2 O 3 The function of the method is to adjust the viscosity of the slag in the smelting process, so that the slag has better fluidity and stability; the components of the slagging agent are easy to obtain and the cost is lower.
Compared with the prior art, the invention prepares the ferrochrome pellet for smelting with good performance indexes by ore blending in different proportions, and obtains the high-carbon ferrochrome by adjusting the addition of the slag former and the reducing agent and adjusting the smelting parameters of the submerged arc furnace. The method matches and uses the Turkey chromium ore and the south African chromium ore according to different proportions, so that the raw material source is stable, the alkali ratio, the magnesium-aluminum ratio, the slag type and the like in the batching process are easy to regulate and control, in addition, the energy consumption and the production cost can be reduced, the comprehensive recovery rate of chromium is improved, and the economic benefit is high.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example one
A smelting method of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, adding the south African chromite and Turkish chromite into a mixer, and continuously adding bentonite and dedusting ash into the mixer to obtain a mixture, wherein the bentonite and the dedusting ash are respectively 2% and 1% of the total mass of the south African chromite and Turkish chromite;
the south African chromite comprises the following components: 40.54% Cr by weight 2 O 3 7.35% of SiO 2 10.86 percent of MgO and 12.45 percent of Al 2 O 3 19.08% Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities;
the turkish chromite contains the following components: 41.44% of Cr by weight 2 O 3 9.45% of SiO 2 19.51% of MgO and 7.38% of Al 2 O 3 13.56% Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities;
(2) conveying the mixture obtained in the step (1) to a granulator, adding 50L of water into each ton of mixture to enable the water content of the mixture to reach 9.5%, and granulating into raw material balls with the diameter of 10 mm;
(3) screening the raw material pellets obtained in the step (2), then sending the raw material pellets into a top bin of a shaft furnace, sending the raw material pellets into the furnace in batches by a disc distributor for roasting, controlling the roasting temperature to be 1200 ℃ and the roasting time to be 15h, and obtaining chromite pellets after roasting, wherein at least 85% of the chromite pellets have pellet strength more than or equal to 900N;
(4) mixing chromite pellets, a slagging agent and a reducing agent according to the mass ratio of 100: 8: 22, charging into a furnace, wherein the slagging agent is a mixture of serpentine, silica and bluestone, and comprises the following components: 37 percent of MgO and 25 percent of Al in percentage by weight 2 O 3 25% SiO 2 6% of CaO; the serpentine contains 35% of MgO and 40% of SiO by weight percentage 2 SiO in silica 2 The content of (1) is 98 wt%, and the content of CaO in the bluestone is 50 wt%; the reducing agent is metallurgical coke, and the fixed carbon content of the metallurgical coke reaches 85 percent; the smelting parameter of the submerged arc furnace is that the diameter of a pole center circle is 2.4 m; electrode Current Density 8A/cm 2 Secondary voltage of 170V, power of 220kVA,The smelting temperature is 1650 ℃, and the high-carbon ferrochrome alloy is obtained by tapping after smelting for 5 h.
Example two
A smelting method of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 7: 3, adding the south African chromite and the Turkish chromite into a mixer, and continuously adding bentonite and dedusting ash into the mixer to obtain a mixture, wherein the bentonite and the dedusting ash are respectively 2% and 2% of the total mass of the south African chromite and the Turkish chromite;
the south African chromite comprises the following components: 40.98% Cr by weight 2 O 3 7.55% of SiO 2 10.70% of MgO and 12.65% of Al 2 O 3 18.80% of Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities;
the turkish chromite contains the following components: 41.55 percent of Cr by weight percentage 2 O 3 9.71% SiO 2 19.77% MgO, 7.17% Al 2 O 3 13.25% of Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities;
(2) conveying the mixture obtained in the step (1) to a granulator, adding 60L of water into each ton of mixture to enable the water content of the mixture to reach 10%, and granulating into raw material lumps with the diameter of 15 mm;
(3) screening the raw material pellets obtained in the step (2), then sending the raw material pellets into a top bin of a shaft furnace, sending the raw material pellets into the furnace in batches by a disc distributor for roasting, controlling the roasting temperature to be 1300 ℃ and the roasting time to be 14h, and obtaining chromite pellets after roasting, wherein at least 85% of the chromite pellets have pellet strength more than or equal to 900N;
(4) mixing chromite pellets, a slagging agent and a reducing agent according to the mass ratio of 100: 10: 23, charging the raw materials into a furnace, wherein the slagging agent is a mixture of serpentine, silica and bluestone, and comprises the following components: 38 percent of MgO and 24 percent of Al in percentage by weight 2 O 3 25% SiO 2 5% of CaO; the serpentine contains 38 percent of MgO and 38 percent of SiO in percentage by weight 2 SiO in silica 2 The content of (B) is 98.5 wt%The content of CaO in the bluestone is 51 wt%; the reducing agent is semi-coke, and the fixed carbon content of the semi-coke reaches 85.5 percent; the smelting parameter of the submerged arc furnace is that the diameter of a pole center circle is 2.5 m; electrode Current Density 8.1A/cm 2 Secondary voltage of 172V, power of 220kVA and smelting temperature of 1700 ℃, and tapping after 4.5 hours of smelting to obtain the high-carbon ferrochrome alloy.
EXAMPLE III
A smelting method of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass ratio of 9: 1, adding the south African chromite and Turkish chromite into a mixer, and continuously adding bentonite and dedusting ash into the mixer to obtain a mixture, wherein the bentonite and the dedusting ash are respectively 3% and 2% of the total mass of the south African chromite and Turkish chromite;
the south African chromite comprises the following components: 40.98% Cr by weight 2 O 3 7.55% SiO 2 10.70% of MgO and 12.65% of Al 2 O 3 18.80% Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities;
the turkey chromite comprises the following components: 41.55% of Cr by weight 2 O 3 9.71% SiO 2 19.77% of MgO and 7.17% of Al 2 O 3 13.25% of Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities;
(2) conveying the mixture obtained in the step (1) to a granulator, adding 80L of water into each ton of mixture to ensure that the water content of the mixture reaches 10.5%, and granulating into raw material balls with the diameter of 20 mm;
(3) screening the raw material pellets obtained in the step (2), then sending the raw material pellets into a bin at the top of a shaft furnace, sending the raw material pellets into the furnace in batches by a disc material distributor for roasting, controlling the roasting temperature to 1350 ℃ and the roasting time to be 12h, and obtaining chromite pellets after roasting, wherein at least 85% of the chromite pellets have pellet strength not less than 900N;
(4) mixing chromite pellets, a slagging agent and a reducing agent according to the mass ratio of 100: 12: 23, charging the raw materials into a furnace, wherein the slagging agent is a mixture of serpentine, silica and bluestone, and comprises the following components: in percentage by weight39% of MgO and 25% of Al 2 O 3 26% of SiO 2 5% of CaO; the serpentine contains 40% of MgO and 35% of SiO by weight percentage 2 SiO in silica 2 99 wt% of CaO, and 52 wt% of CaO in the bluestone; the reducing agent is metallurgical coke, and the fixed carbon content of the metallurgical coke reaches 86 percent; the smelting parameter of the submerged arc furnace is that the diameter of a pole center circle is 2.6 m; electrode Current Density 8.2A/cm 2 173V of secondary voltage, 220kVA of power and 1750 ℃ of smelting temperature, and tapping after 4 hours of smelting to obtain the high-carbon ferrochrome alloy.
The comparative group was compared with the high carbon ferrochromium alloy prepared in the above three examples for composition analysis and energy consumption and chromium recovery, and the results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 analysis of the composition and comparison of energy consumption and chromium recovery for the high carbon ferrochrome alloys prepared in the comparative group and three examples
Note: the ore blending ratio in the table is the mass ratio between the south africa chromite and the turkish chromite.
As can be seen from the table 1, the comprehensive energy consumption index of smelting is reduced along with the increase of the proportion of the chromite of the Turkish in the ore blending process; the recovery rate of the metal Cr is increased, and finally impurity elements Si, P and S in the ferrochrome product are correspondingly reduced. In order to obtain a ferrochrome product with better quality, the comprehensive energy consumption of ferrochrome smelting is lower than 3550 kW.h/t Fe, the recovery rate of metal Cr is higher than 91.3%, and the adding proportion of Turkish ore in the ore blending process is not less than 30% (mass ratio).
Claims (7)
1. The smelting method of the high-carbon ferrochrome is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) the mass ratio of (1-9): 1, adding the south African chromite and Turkish chromite into a mixer, and continuously adding bentonite and dedusting ash into the mixer to obtain a mixture, wherein the bentonite and the dedusting ash are respectively 2-3% and 1-2% of the total mass of the south African chromite and Turkish chromite;
(2) conveying the mixture obtained in the step (1) to a granulator, adding 50-80L of water into each ton of mixture to enable the water content of the mixture to reach 9.5-10.5%, and granulating into raw material balls with the diameter of 10-20 mm;
(3) screening the raw material pellets obtained in the step (2), conveying the raw material pellets into a bin at the top of a shaft furnace, conveying the raw material pellets into the furnace in batches by a disc distributor for roasting, controlling the roasting temperature to be 1200-1350 ℃ and the roasting time to be 12-15 h, and roasting to obtain chromite pellets;
(4) mixing chromite pellets, a slagging agent and a reducing agent according to the mass ratio of 100: (8-12) feeding the ingredients into the furnace, and adjusting the smelting parameters of the submerged arc furnace: namely the diameter of the pole center circle is 2.4-2.6 m; the current density of the electrode is 8-8.2A/cm 2 The secondary voltage is 170-173V, the power is 220kVA, the smelting temperature is 1650-1750 ℃, and the high-carbon ferrochrome alloy is obtained after tapping after smelting for 4-5 hours.
2. The method for smelting high-carbon ferrochrome according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the south African chromite contains the following components: 40.54-41.08% of Cr by weight percentage 2 O 3 7.15-7.55% of SiO 2 10.65-10.86% MgO, 12.25-12.65% Al 2 O 3 18.85-19.08% of Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities.
3. A process for smelting high carbon ferrochrome alloy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1), the turkey chromite contains the following components: 41.44-42.12% of Cr by weight percentage 2 O 3 9.24-9.71% of SiO 2 19.23 to 19.77% of MgO, 7.17 to 7.38% of Al 2 O 3 13.25 to 13.56% of Fe 2 O 3 And the balance of inevitable impurities.
4. A smelting method of high-carbon ferrochrome according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step (3), at least 85% of the chromite pellets obtained after roasting have pellet strength not less than 900N.
5. The method for smelting high-carbon ferrochrome according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (4), the slag former is a mixture of serpentine, silica and bluestone, and the slag former comprises the following components: 37-39% of MgO and 24-25% of Al in percentage by weight 2 O 3 25 to 26% of SiO 2 5-6% of CaO.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the serpentine contains 35-40 wt% of MgO and 35-40 wt% of SiO 2 SiO in silica 2 Has a CaO content of at least 98 wt%, and the content of CaO in the bluestone is at least 50 wt%.
7. The method for smelting high-carbon ferrochrome alloy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (4), the reducing agent is metallurgical coke or semi coke, and the fixed carbon content of both is at least 85%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210341495.9A CN114921604A (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Smelting method of high-carbon ferrochrome |
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| CN202210341495.9A CN114921604A (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Smelting method of high-carbon ferrochrome |
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| CN115161469A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | 山西太钢万邦炉料有限公司 | Production method of high-proportion south Africa chromium ore pellets |
| CN115820964A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-21 | 徐州宏阳新材料科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome through whole-powder ore smelting |
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