CN114920352A - Heterotrophic denitrification carrier and preparation method and use method thereof - Google Patents
Heterotrophic denitrification carrier and preparation method and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
The invention provides a heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier and a preparation method and a use method thereof, wherein the carrier is of a double-layer structure and comprises the following components: the carrier kernel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65% -90%, 5% -30% and 1% -10% of solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles and adhesive; and the outer consumption layer is coated outside the carrier core and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% -95%, 0.5% -25%, 0.5% -8% and 0.5% -8% of solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles, adhesive and pore-forming agent; wherein the mass fraction of the magnetic particles in the carrier core is greater than or equal to the mass fraction of the magnetic particles in the expendable outer layer. The carrier can be applied to heterotrophic denitrification biological denitrification sewage treatment, and because the carrier kernel has magnetism, the consumed small-particle-size carrier is easy to recycle, so that the problem of short flow or blockage of the system is avoided; meanwhile, the carrier can be heated from the inside through the magnetocaloric effect, so that the microbial denitrification reaction is promoted, and the carrier is suitable for being used under the conditions of quick start and low temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep denitrification of sewage, in particular to a heterotrophic denitrification carrier and a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
With the continuous enhancement of water pollution treatment strength in China, higher requirements are put forward on Total Nitrogen (TN) treatment in various places, and standard TN discharge becomes one of core targets of new construction or upgrading and reconstruction of existing sewage treatment facilities. At present, a heterotrophic denitrification biological nitrogen removal process is mainly adopted in a sewage nitrogen removal stage, and nitrate and nitrite in water are removed by utilizing catabolism of heterotrophic microorganisms attached to a filter material in a denitrification filter tank form. However, the heterotrophic denitrification process requires an organic carbon source as an electron donor for nitrogen reduction, but the BOD of municipal wastewater 5 The prevalence of/TN is low (BOD) 5 Biochemical Oxygen Demand), in order to make TN meet the discharge requirement, organic matters such as sodium acetate, methanol and the like are required to be added as carbon sources in a denitrification process section. However, in the actual use process, the adding of organic carbon sources (sodium acetate, methanol and the like) often has the problem of insufficient or excessive adding, and a medicament preparation and adding device needs to be arranged, so that the operation complexity, the construction cost and the operation cost of a treatment system are increased.
At present, a solid carbon source is adopted as an electron donor to carry out nitrogen reduction in heterotrophic denitrification biological denitrification, the solid carbon source has a stable structure, the dissolution speed is influenced by microorganisms attached to the surface of the solid carbon source, the solid carbon source can be slowly and stably released and is added periodically, special dispensing and adding equipment is not required to be additionally arranged, and the method has more advantages compared with a liquid organic carbon source.
However, the solid carbon source carrier is used as a slow-release electron donor, belongs to a consumable material, and needs to be periodically supplemented with new carriers in the using process to maintain the denitrification capability of the system, after long-term use, the morphological structure of the carriers in the system is greatly changed, the particle size of the carriers is gradually reduced along with the consumption of the solid carbon source carrier, and meanwhile, in order to maintain the denitrification capability of the system, the new carriers are periodically supplemented, and the problems of uneven particle size distribution of the carriers in the filter chamber, even local short flow or blockage and the like can occur after the system runs for a long time. Smaller particles may also flow out of the system during backwashing or operation, affecting effluent quality. Therefore, in the using process, the carrier needs to be periodically stopped for cleaning or replacing, the operation and maintenance cost is high, the cleaned carrier is difficult to recycle, and the problems of material waste and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier and a preparation method and a use method thereof, wherein the carrier has a double-layer structure, the inner part is a magnetic carrier inner core, the outer part is a consumption outer layer which is used as an electron donor, and carrier particles with small particle size after the outer layer is consumed can be separated and recovered through a corresponding magnetic carrier intercepting device because of the magnetism, so that the subsequent system operation and maintenance are facilitated, the use is convenient, the recovery and the utilization rate of raw materials are high, and the operation and maintenance cost is low.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a heterotrophic denitrification carrier, which is of a double-layer structure, comprises:
the carrier core comprises a solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles and an adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the solid slow-release carbon source to the magnetic particles to the adhesive is respectively as follows: 65% -90%, 5% -30% and 1% -10%; and
the outer consumption layer is coated outside the carrier core and comprises a solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles, an adhesive and a pore-forming agent, and the solid slow-release carbon source, the magnetic particles, the adhesive and the pore-forming agent respectively comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 70% -95%, 0.5% -25%, 0.5% -8% and 0.5% -8%;
wherein the mass fraction of magnetic particles in the carrier core is greater than or equal to the mass fraction of magnetic particles in the expendable outer layer.
Optionally, the solid slow-release carbon source comprises one or more of polybutylene succinate (PBS), polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene lactone (PCL), poly beta-carboxybutyric acid (PHB), poly beta-carboxybutyric acid valerate (PHBV), starch blend, crop straw;
and/or the magnetic particles comprise Fe 3 O 4 、γ-Fe 2 O 3 、CoFe 2 O 4 、NiFe 2 O 4 、ZnFe 2 O 4 、Zn 0.4 Fe 2.6 O 4 、MnFe 2 O 4 、Co 0.6 Fe 2.4 O 4 、Fe 0.6 Mn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 、Zn x Co 1-x Fe 2 O 4 、Zn y Mn 1-y Fe 2 O 4 、Zn 0.6 Ni 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 And Zn 0.7 Ni 0.3 Fe 2 O 4 Wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.75, and y is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.80;
and/or the binding agent comprises one or more of acacia, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and kaolin;
and/or the pore former comprises CaCl 2 One or more of NaCl and KCl.
Optionally, the particle size of the heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier is 4-12 mm, and the particle size of the carrier inner core is 3-8 mm.
The method for preparing the heterotrophic denitrification carrier according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
step S100: heating and mixing a solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles and an adhesive to prepare a mixture a;
step S200: extruding and granulating the mixture a through an extruding device, and cooling to obtain a carrier kernel;
step S300: mixing a solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles, an adhesive and a pore-forming agent to form a powder mixture b;
step S400: adding the carrier kernel into a rotary forming device, continuously rotating, heating and raising the temperature to enable the carrier kernel to be continuously turned in the rotary forming device;
step S500: adding the powder mixture b into a rotary forming device, adding water, combining with a carrier core which is turned inside by the rotary forming device, adhering the powder mixture b outside the carrier core to form a consumption outer layer, and gradually increasing the particle size along with rotation to obtain spherical particles;
step S600: and cooling and sieving the spherical particles to obtain the heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier.
Optionally, the particle size of the raw material of the solid slow-release carbon source is 0.1-350 μm;
the particle size of the raw material of the magnetic particles is 0.1-350 mu m;
the particle size of the raw material of the adhesive is 2-500 mu m;
the particle size of the raw material of the pore-forming agent is 10-100 mu m.
The use method of the heterotrophic denitrification carrier as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
step U100: adding the heterotrophic denitrification carrier into a denitrification reaction device;
step U200: adding denitrifying bacteria into the denitrification reaction device, inoculating, and finishing the starting of the system;
step U300: injecting the sewage to be treated into the started denitrification reaction device for carrying out deep denitrification treatment on the sewage;
step U400: and periodically backwashing the heterotrophic denitrification and denitrification carrier, intercepting and capturing discharged backwash water flow by using a magnetic carrier intercepting device, drying the captured carrier kernel, and recovering the carrier kernel for preparation of the heterotrophic denitrification and denitrification carrier.
Optionally, a step U310 is further included, where the step U310: and starting the magnetic field generating device, wherein the magnetic field generating device generates an alternating magnetic field to act on the heterotrophic denitrification nitrogen removal carrier, so that the heterotrophic denitrification nitrogen removal carrier is locally heated and heated.
Optionally, when the step U300 is executed:
when the water temperature is lower than 15 ℃ and/or the denitrification load is less than 0.30 kgNO 3 - /(m 3 D), simultaneously starting the operation step U310;
otherwise, only step U300 is run.
Optionally, the frequency of the alternating magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device is 1-1000 kHz;
and/or the magnetic carrier intercepting device is used for intercepting the captured magnetic field intensity to be 0.01-2.0T.
Optionally, in the step U300, the filtering speed of the sewage through the denitrification reaction device is 3-15 m/h, and the retention time in the denitrification reaction device is 15-60 min;
and/or the retention time of the backwash water flowing out of the denitrification reaction device in the magnetic carrier interception device is 1-60 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier adopts the solid slow-release carbon source as the electron donor raw material, is designed into a double-layer structure, the outer consumption outer layer is used as the main electron donor to be consumed, the inner carrier core uses magnetic particles with higher mass ratio, so that the inner carrier core has magnetism, and after the outer consumption layer is consumed, the inner carrier core with smaller particle size is easy to intercept and separate due to the magnetism, and can be recycled for carrier preparation, the material input cost is low, and the utilization rate is high.
The carrier can reduce shutdown maintenance in the using process, the small-particle-size carrier is timely separated and recovered, the system can maintain high and stable denitrification efficiency, and the operation cost is reduced.
Simultaneously, this carrier sets up the outside alternating magnetic field of magnetic particle accessible and produces the magnetocaloric effect, by the inside heating that heats of carrier, makes the heat from inside to outside transmission, promotes the carrier and adheres to the regional temperature of microorganism, and then promotes the denitrogenation efficiency of microorganism, solves the problem that heterotrophic denitrification nitrogen removal efficiency is low under the low temperature environment, adopts this carrier to react the energy consumption under the low temperature condition low, and the running cost is low. Wherein, consume the outer magnetic particle of setting up a small amount and mainly play the effect of auxiliary heating and maintenance temperature, guarantee accurate heating, do not influence again simultaneously and consume the outer use as electron donor of layer.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an iso-denitrification carrier according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a carrier kernel; 2. the outer layer is consumed.
Detailed Description
In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the claimed embodiments. Accordingly, the description is to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
Example 1
This example provides a heterotrophic denitrification carrier which is useful as an electron donor in a heterotrophic denitrification biological denitrification reaction. As shown in FIG. 1, the heterotrophic denitrification-denitrogenation carrier has a double-layer structure, and comprises a carrier inner core 1 positioned inside and a consumption outer layer 2 positioned outside.
The main components of the carrier core 1 comprise a solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles and a binder; the main components of the outer consumption layer comprise a solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles, a binder and a pore-forming agent. The carrier core 1 comprises 65-90% by mass of a solid slow-release carbon source, 5-30% by mass of magnetic particles and 1-10% by mass of an adhesive. The mass ratio of the solid slow-release carbon source consumed in the outer layer 2 is 70-95%, the mass ratio of the magnetic particles is 0.5-25%, the mass ratio of the adhesive is 0.5-8%, and the mass ratio of the pore-forming agent is 0.5-8%. And the mass fraction of magnetic particles in the carrier core 1 is greater than or equal to the mass fraction of magnetic particles in the expendable outer layer.
In specific application, the concentration of the magnetic particles in the carrier inner core 1 is higher than that of the magnetic particles in the consumption outer layer 2; the carrier inner core 1 has magnetism due to the fact that the carrier inner core 1 has high-concentration magnetic particles, and when the carrier inner core 1 with small particle size is left after the outer layer 2 is consumed, the carrier inner core is easy to intercept and recycle by an external magnetic carrier intercepting device; magnetic particles are added in the carrier inner core 1 and the consumption outer layer 2, and the magnetic particles are also used for generating a magnetocaloric effect in an external alternating magnetic field to heat a carrier region so as to adapt to the use under a low-temperature condition, and the low-concentration magnetic particles in the consumption outer layer 2 mainly play a role in auxiliary heating and temperature maintenance, so that the carrier can be heated and maintained at the temperature under the external alternating magnetic field.
The carrier comprises an adhesive inside and outside, so that the carrier is ensured to be molded, and a stable double-layer structure is formed. The consumption is outer 2 and is included the pore-forming agent for the consumption skin of this carrier has a large amount of microporous structures, and then has great specific surface area, can be better for the microorganism provides the attachment site, increases with the area of contact of rivers, microorganism etc. slowly releases carbon source and microorganism combined action, improves denitrogenation reaction rate.
Example 2
The solid carbon source is one or a combination of a plurality of polybutylene succinate (PBS), polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene lactone (PCL), poly beta-carboxylbutyric acid (PHB), poly beta-carboxylbutyric acid valerate (PHBV), starch blend and crop straws. The material has stable structure and can be slowly and stably released.
The magnetic particles being Fe 3 O 4 、γ-Fe 2 O 3 、CoFe 2 O 4 、NiFe 2 O 4 、ZnFe 2 O 4 、Zn 0.4 Fe 2.6 O 4 、MnFe 2 O 4 、Co 0.6 Fe 2.4 O 4 、Fe 0.6 Mn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 、Zn x Co 1-x Fe 2 O 4 、Zn y Mn 1-y Fe 2 O 4 、Zn 0.6 Ni 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 And Zn 0.7 Ni 0.3 Fe 2 O 4 Has magnetic properties. Wherein Zn is x Co 1-x Fe 2 O 4 In0＜x≤0.75，Zn y Mn 1-y Fe 2 O 4 Y is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.80,
the adhesive is one or more of acacia, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and kaolin.
The pore-forming agent is CaCl 2 And combinations of one or more of NaCl and KCl.
The solid carbon source, the magnetic particles and the binder in the inner core and the outer layer of the carrier can be the same composition or different compositions.
The particle size of the carrier is controlled within the range of 4-12 mm, preferably 10-12 mm, wherein the particle size of the carrier core is 3-8 mm, preferably 3-5 mm. The carrier inner core and the carrier integral grain diameter are in the range, so that the carrier with stable structure and function can be obtained; the magnetic strength of the carrier core is sufficient and stable, so that the carrier core is convenient to recover and magnetically induce heat; the sacrificial outer layer can be used as an electron donor material with high efficiency, and has the functions of auxiliary heating and local temperature stabilization.
Example 3
This example provides a method for preparing heterotrophic denitrification carrier, which is suitable for preparing the heterotrophic denitrification carrier of examples 1 and 2. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
and S100, weighing the solid slow-release carbon source, the magnetic particles and the adhesive according to the mass ratio, heating and mixing at the heating temperature of 90-150 ℃ to obtain a mixture a. Preferably, the mass ratio of the solid slow-release carbon source, the magnetic particles and the binder in the mixture a is 65:30: 5.
And S200, extruding and cutting the prepared mixture a through an extruding device for granulation to form irregular magnetic particles, and cooling to obtain the carrier core material.
And S300, weighing the solid slow-release carbon source, the magnetic particles, the adhesive and the pore-forming agent according to the mass ratio, and mixing to prepare a mixture b. Preferably, the mass ratio of the solid slow-release carbon source, the magnetic particles, the adhesive and the pore-forming agent in the mixture b is 85: 10: 2.5: 2.5.
And S400, adding the carrier core material prepared in the step S200 into a rotary forming device, continuously rotating the container and heating to raise the temperature, so that the carrier core is continuously turned over in the rotary forming device. Wherein the heating temperature is controlled within the range of 80-150 ℃, preferably within the range of 90-110 ℃. The inner core of the carrier is granulated into regular round particles by turning, so that the subsequent preparation of the consumption outer layer is facilitated.
Wherein, the rotary forming device can be a rotary drum forming machine, a rotary drum forming machine or a disc forming machine, etc.
And S500, adding the mixture b prepared in the step S300 into a rotary forming device, and adding water to combine the mixture b with the turned carrier inner core and adhere to the outside of the carrier inner core to form a consumption outer layer. The particle size gradually increased with the continuation of the rotation, resulting in spherical particles. Wherein the addition amount of water is 0.5-10% of the total mass of the mixture a and the mixture b, and the addition amount of water is preferably 7-10%.
And S600, cooling the spherical particles prepared in the step S500, and sieving to obtain the heterotrophic denitrification carrier with uniform particle size.
In the preparation method, the particle size of the solid slow-release carbon source raw material is 0.1-350 μm; the particle size of the magnetic particle raw material is 0.1-350 μm; the particle size of the adhesive material is 2-500 mu m; the particle size of the pore-forming agent is 10-100 μm. The particle size of each raw material and the mass ratio of the adhesive are controlled, so that the prepared carrier component is uniformly mixed, has a stable structure, is not easy to disintegrate and loosen, and is used as a slow-release electron donor in the using process.
Example 4
This example provides a method for using a heterotrophic denitrification-denitrogenation carrier, which is the carrier described in example 1 or 2, or the carrier obtained by the method of example 3. The using method comprises the following steps:
and U100, adding the heterotrophic denitrification carrier into a denitrification reaction device. A certain amount of inert biological carriers can be added simultaneously, the inert biological carriers and the heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carriers are uniformly mixed and distributed, and the inert biological carriers can be quartz sand, ceramsite and the like.
And U200, adding activated sludge or a microbial inoculum containing denitrifying bacteria into the denitrification reaction device for inoculation to complete the starting of the system.
And step U300, injecting the sewage to be treated into the started denitrification reaction device, and performing deep denitrification treatment on the sewage. The residence time of the sewage in the denitrification reaction device is 15-60 min, and the preferred residence time is within the range of 20-25 min. Meanwhile, the filtering speed of the denitrification reaction device for treating sewage is controlled within the range of 3-15 m/h, preferably within the range of 4-8 m/h.
Step U310, may be an optional start-up step.
When the selective starting step is adopted, the starting conditions are as follows: when the water temperature is lower than 15 ℃ and/or the denitrification load is less than 0.30 kgNO 3 - /(m 3 D), starting the magnetic field generating device, generating an alternating magnetic field by the magnetic field generating device to act on the heterotrophic denitrification carrier area, so that the heterotrophic denitrification carrier is locally heated and heated (the magnetocaloric effect of the magnetic particles), the environmental temperature of the denitrifying bacteria is increased, and the denitrification activity of the denitrifying bacteria is promoted; when the water temperature is higher than 15 ℃ and the denitrification load is more than 0.30 kgNO 3 - /(m 3 D), step U300 is only executed without starting step U310.
The magnetic field generating device can be an electromagnet device or an electromagnetic coil device, and when the carrier is subjected to magnetocaloric heating, the frequency of the generated alternating magnetic field is 1-1000 kHz, and the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is preferably 10-300 kHz. Can realize accurate heating of the carrier and the attached microorganisms, has lower energy consumption and stable and reliable heating effect, and can promote denitrification reaction.
And U400, periodically backwashing the heterotrophic denitrification and denitrification carrier in the denitrification reaction device, intercepting and capturing backwash water flow discharged from the denitrification reaction device by using a magnetic carrier intercepting device in a flushing process, recovering the captured carrier kernel, drying and reusing the recovered carrier kernel for preparation of the heterotrophic denitrification and denitrification carrier.
The backwashing period is 1-7 days, and the backwashing comprises three modes of single water backwashing, gas scrubbing or gas-water combined flushing. If single water backwashing is adopted, the water washing intensity is 3-6L/(m) 2 S), the back washing time is 5-15 min; if gas scrubbing is adopted, the gas scrubbing strength is 15-25L/(m) 2 S), the gas scrubbing time is 2-10 min; if the air-water combined flushing is adopted, the air-washing strength is 15-25L/(m) 2 S) and water washing strength of 3 to 6L/(m) 2 S), and the combined flushing time is 5-10 min. Intercepting and capturing of the carrier kernel/small-particle-size carrier are carried out in a single water backwashing and air-water combined flushing mode, and intercepting and capturing of the carrier kernel/small-particle-size carrier are not carried out in a gas scrubbing mode during backwashing. Namely, the back washing mode can not only be a gas scrubbing mode, and can be carried out at intervals of single water back washing and gas scrubbing, or can be carried out at intervals of air-water combined washing and gas scrubbing.
When single water backwashing or air-water combined flushing is carried out, the carrier/carrier kernel with small particle size in backwashing water is intercepted and captured, and the adopted magnetic carrier intercepting device can be an electromagnetic device or a permanent magnet device. The retention time of the water flow in the magnetic carrier intercepting device is 1-60 min, preferably within the range of 2-10 min. The magnetic field intensity of interception and capture is 0.01-2.0T, and is preferably controlled within the range of 0.05-0.4T, so that the magnetic carrier inner core can be effectively intercepted and captured, short flow and blockage of small-particle-size carriers in a system are avoided, and influence on effluent quality caused by outflow of the small-particle-size carriers along with effluent is also avoided.
Wherein, in the step U200, if the environmental temperature is too low, for example, lower than 15 ℃, the step U310 can be started, the magnetic field generating device is started to generate an alternating magnetic field, the alternating magnetic field acts on the heterotrophic denitrification carrier to promote the temperature of the carrier and the microorganism area to be increased, promote the attachment of the microorganism, accelerate the start of the system and shorten the time required by the start.
In conclusion, the heterotrophic denitrification denitrificaion carrier has a double-layer structure, the outer layer is a consumption outer layer and mainly plays the role of an electron donor, the inner layer is a carrier inner core, and the magnetic particles have high proportion and magnetism; in the use process, when the outer layer is consumed, the remaining small-particle-size carrier inner cores can be intercepted and recovered by the magnetic carrier intercepting device in the backwashing link, so that the problems of short flow and blockage of the system can be effectively avoided, and the shutdown replacement or the cleaning of the carrier is reduced; and the carrier kernel can be recycled after being recovered, thereby reducing the operation and preparation cost. The carrier inner core and the consumption outer layer both contain magnetic particles, and can generate a magnetocaloric effect under an external alternating magnetic field to heat the carrier, so that the biological activity of microorganisms in the carrier area is promoted, and the denitrification efficiency is improved. Wherein the magnetic particles with less consumption of the outer layer added mass mainly play a role in auxiliary heating and temperature stabilization. Namely, the heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier can be used under the condition of low temperature, is heated by an external alternating magnetic field, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, low operation cost and high denitrogenation efficiency.
The heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier can be prepared by the preparation method, so that the heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier has a double-layer structure, the inner carrier kernel has high magnetism, the main magnetic separation and temperature rise functions are provided, the temperature is conducted from the inside to the outside of the carrier, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption waste is reduced. The outer consumption outer layer contains a small amount of magnetic particles and plays a role in assisting in temperature rise and temperature maintenance; the magnetic particle has low proportion, so that the proportion of the solid slow-release carbon source is increased, and the influence of excessive proportion of electron donor materials without electron donors or with low denitrification rate on the denitrification capability of the carrier can be avoided. Meanwhile, the preparation method is simple to operate and easy to popularize, and the prepared heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier is stable and reliable in structure and function.
The utility model provides a heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier and use thereof can be according to environmental condition, carries out the adaptability adjustment, can not open magnetic field generating device in high temperature periods such as summer, does not carry out the carrier heating, when low temperature periods such as winter or system need start-up and resume, selectively open magnetic field generating device, make the regional heating of carrier heat and heat up, start with higher speed and promote microbial activity, can realize the regional accurate intensification of carrier microorganism, the energy consumption is low, efficient. Meanwhile, the recycling of small-particle-size carriers can be realized by combining with an additional magnetic carrier intercepting device, short flow and blockage of the system are avoided, the maintenance operation of the system is reduced, and the stable and efficient operation of the system is ensured.
In addition, the magnetic field can affect the biological effect of the microorganism, can affect the activity of the microbial enzyme, can enhance the activities of catalase, peroxidase and three phosphatases to different degrees under a certain magnetic field condition, induces the synthesis of the microbial enzyme, promotes the biofilm formation of the microorganism, and the like. The heterotrophic denitrification carrier can form a static magnetic field with certain intensity in and around the heterotrophic denitrification carrier, and the static magnetic field can promote the activity of microorganisms (denitrifying bacteria) attached to the periphery of the carrier and improve the processing capacity of a system.
Claims (10)
1. A heterotrophic denitrification carrier is characterized in that the heterotrophic denitrification carrier is of a double-layer structure and comprises:
the carrier core comprises a solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles and an adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the solid slow-release carbon source to the magnetic particles to the adhesive is respectively as follows: 65% -90%, 5% -30% and 1% -10%; and
the outer consumption layer is coated outside the carrier core and comprises a solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles, an adhesive and a pore-forming agent, and the solid slow-release carbon source, the magnetic particles, the adhesive and the pore-forming agent respectively comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 70% -95%, 0.5% -25%, 0.5% -8% and 0.5% -8%;
wherein the mass fraction of magnetic particles in the carrier core is greater than or equal to the mass fraction of magnetic particles in the expendable outer layer.
2. The heterotrophic denitrification-denitrification carrier according to claim 1, wherein:
the solid slow-release carbon source comprises one or more of polybutylene succinate (PBS), polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene lactone (PCL), poly beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly beta-hydroxybutyrate valerate (PHBV), starch blend and crop straws;
and/or the magnetic particles comprise Fe 3 O 4 、γ-Fe 2 O 3 、CoFe 2 O 4 、NiFe 2 O 4 、ZnFe 2 O 4 、Zn 0.4 Fe 2.6 O 4 、MnFe 2 O 4 、Co 0.6 Fe 2.4 O 4 、Fe 0.6 Mn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 、Zn x Co 1-x Fe 2 O 4 、Zn y Mn 1-y Fe 2 O 4 、Zn 0.6 Ni 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 And Zn 0.7 Ni 0.3 Fe 2 O 4 Wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.75, and y is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.80;
and/or the binder comprises one or more of acacia, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and kaolin;
and/or the pore former comprises CaCl 2 One or more of NaCl and KCl.
3. The heterotrophic denitrification denitrificaion carrier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the heterotrophic denitrification denitrificaion carrier is 4-12 mm, and the particle size of the carrier inner core is 3-8 mm.
4. The method for producing the heterotrophic denitrification carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the production method includes the steps of:
step S100: heating and mixing a solid slow-release carbon source, magnetic particles and an adhesive to prepare a mixture a;
step S200: extruding and granulating the mixture a through an extruding device, and cooling to obtain a carrier kernel;
step S300: mixing the solid slow-release carbon source, the magnetic particles, the adhesive and the pore-forming agent to form a mixture b;
step S400: adding the carrier kernel into a rotary forming device, continuously rotating and heating to raise the temperature, so that the carrier kernel is continuously turned over and copied;
step S500: adding the mixture b into a rotary forming device, adding water, combining with the turned carrier core, adhering to the outside of the carrier core to form a consumption outer layer, and gradually increasing the particle size along with rotation to obtain spherical particles;
step S600: and cooling and sieving the spherical particles to obtain the heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier.
5. The method for producing a heterotrophic denitrification-denitrogenation carrier according to claim 4, wherein:
the particle size of the raw material of the solid slow-release carbon source is 0.1-350 mu m;
the particle size of the raw material of the magnetic particles is 0.1-350 mu m;
the particle size of the raw material of the adhesive is 2-500 mu m;
the particle size of the raw material of the pore-forming agent is 10-100 mu m.
6. The method of using the heterotrophic denitrification carrier of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step U100: adding the heterotrophic denitrification denitrogenation carrier into a denitrification reaction device;
step U200: adding denitrifying bacteria into the denitrification reaction device, inoculating, and finishing the starting of the system;
step U300: injecting the sewage to be treated into the started denitrification reaction device for deep denitrification treatment of the sewage;
step U400: and periodically backwashing the heterotrophic denitrification and denitrification carrier, intercepting and capturing discharged backwash water flow by using a magnetic carrier intercepting device, drying the captured carrier kernel, and recovering the carrier kernel for preparation of the heterotrophic denitrification and denitrification carrier.
7. The method of using a heterotrophic denitrification-denitrogenation carrier according to claim 6, further comprising a step U310, wherein the step U310: and starting a magnetic field generating device, wherein the magnetic field generating device generates an alternating magnetic field to act on the heterotrophic denitrification carrier, so that the heterotrophic denitrification carrier is locally heated and warmed up.
8. The method for using a heterotrophic denitrification-denitrogenation carrier according to claim 7, wherein the step U300 is executed by:
when the water temperature is lower than 15 DEG CAnd/or denitrification loading of less than 0.30 kgNO 3 - /(m 3 D), simultaneously starting the operation step U310;
otherwise, only step U300 is run.
9. The use method of the heterotrophic denitrification-denitrogenation carrier according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that:
the frequency of the alternating magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device is 1-1000 kHz;
and/or the magnetic carrier intercepting device is used for intercepting the captured magnetic field intensity to be 0.01-2.0T.
10. The method of using the heterotrophic denitrification removal carrier according to claim 6, wherein:
in the step U300, the filtering speed of the sewage through the denitrification reaction device is 3-15 m/h, and the retention time in the denitrification reaction device is 15-60 min;
and/or the retention time of the backwash water flowing out of the denitrification reaction device in the magnetic carrier interception device is 1-60 min.
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