CN114918023A - Nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particle and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particle and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114918023A CN114918023A CN202210599593.2A CN202210599593A CN114918023A CN 114918023 A CN114918023 A CN 114918023A CN 202210599593 A CN202210599593 A CN 202210599593A CN 114918023 A CN114918023 A CN 114918023A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention provides a nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particle and a preparation method and application thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of poor shape retention and difficult breaking of nano twin crystal diamond in the traditional diamond grinding wheel grinding at present. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dividing the nanometer twin crystal diamond synthetic column into a plurality of pieces of irregularly-shaped crushed materials by adopting a mechanical impact crushing method; putting the nano twin crystal diamond crushed aggregates into a designed three-dimensional pressing die, and carrying out repeated three-dimensional pressing self-crushing; and (4) until the size of the nano twin diamond abrasive particles meets the requirement, and grading the nano twin diamond abrasive particles to obtain the nano twin diamond abrasive particles with the size composite requirement. The invention also discloses a nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particle and application thereof in a grinding wheel. The nano twin crystal diamond particles prepared by the method have sharp corners, are sharp and wear-resistant, and the prepared grinding wheel has strong wear resistance, good shape retention and good consistency of processed complex surface workpieces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of superhard materials and products, and particularly relates to nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
For the major strategic demands of advanced functional devices in the military and civil high-tech fields of optical fiber communication, photoelectric information, automobiles, precision machine tools, aerospace and the like, a microstructure and a complex surface device with a micro dense topological array or a complex polytropic surface on the surface to realize specific functions of force, heat, light, electricity and the like become one of the keys restricting the whole situation, such as a high-precision optical fiber array for an optical chip, a micro prism array for a light guide plate, an infinite conjugate micro lens array for a laser radar, a focal plane array mirror group of an infrared missile seeker, a high-moment servo transmission element of a military unmanned aerial vehicle steering engine, an aero-engine blade tenon and the like. The shape, precision and performance of the high-end diamond profiling grinding wheel have important influences on the processing quality, production efficiency, yield and service performance of a functional microstructure device.
The high-performance functional microstructure and the complex surface device are generally made of high-hardness difficult-to-process materials (the hardness is silicon carbide, sapphire and the like, and the hardness is second to that of diamond), and meanwhile, the geometrical profile surface precision and consistency are high, and the diamond profiling grinding wheel is required to have high shape retention. The diamond is used as the material with the highest hardness in nature, and the Vickers pressure intensity of the diamond can reach 100GPa at most. The traditional diamond micro powder is manufactured by using a low-strength diamond master batch through an impact crushing process, has more micro powder defects and low strength, is very easy to wear during grinding and processing for high-hardness materials, and is difficult to shape-form due to the fact that a diamond profiling grinding wheel is difficult to shape, so that the consistency of geometric profiles of different grooves and different products of high-hardness functional microstructures and complex surface devices is extremely poor, and further the product scrapping and service defects are caused.
The nanometer twin crystal diamond (NPD) with ultrahigh hardness has the Vickers hardness of more than 100GPa, the highest hardness of 220 GPa at present, which is far more than the hardness of the single crystal diamond, and is mostly prepared into a cutter at present. And the nano twin crystal diamond has extremely high hardness, so that the nano twin crystal diamond is difficult to break into diamond abrasive grains which can be applied to a grinding wheel.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low strength and poor shape retention existing in the traditional diamond grinding wheel grinding at present; and the nano twin crystal diamond is difficult to break, so that the nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particles cannot be applied to the grinding wheel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for preparing nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the qualified and cleaned nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column into a plurality of pieces with irregular shapes by adopting a mechanical impact crushing method, wherein the pieces contain edges and corners and protrusions, so that the three-dimensional pressing and self-crushing are facilitated;
(2) putting a plurality of nano twin crystal diamond particles in a three-dimensional pressing die, and performing three-dimensional pressing and self-crushing;
(3) repeating the three-dimensional pressing self-breaking process in the step (2) until more than half of the size of the abrasive particles in the nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particles meets the requirement;
(4) and (4) placing the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles obtained in the step (3) into gas centrifugal classification equipment, and accurately classifying the particle size of the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles to obtain the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles with the abrasive particle size meeting the requirement.
The cleaning in the step (1) is ultrasonic cleaning, so that impurities on the surface of the nanometer twin crystal diamond synthetic column are removed, and the pollution to diamond abrasive particles in the later period is avoided.
The detection in the step (1) comprises hardness (> 100 GPa) and density (> 3.50 g/cm) 3 ) And toughness detection (> 5MPa. M) 0.5 ) The hardness and toughness of the nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column are ensured to be higher than those of the current common single crystal diamond, and the density of the nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column is close to that of the common diamond.
The three-dimensional pressing self-crushing in the step (2) adopts any one of six-surface top high pressure, two-surface top high pressure, gas isostatic pressure, liquid isostatic pressure and high-pressure hydraulic pressure.
Preferably, the pressurizing pressure in the three-dimensional pressing self-crushing process in the step (2) is 0.1-10Gpa, and the pressurizing speed is 0.05-2 Gpa/min.
Preferably, the six-surface pressing high pressure has the cold pressing pressure of 1-10Gpa and the pressing speed of 0.2-2 Gpa/min; the cold pressing pressure of the two sides is 1-10Gpa, and the pressing speed is 0.2-2 Gpa/min; the cold pressure of the gas isostatic pressing is 100-900MPa, and the pressurizing speed is 50-500 MPa/min; the pressure of the liquid isostatic pressing is 100-900MPa, and the pressurizing speed is 50-500 MPa/min; the pressure of the high-pressure hydraulic pressure is 100 MPa and 900MPa, and the pressurizing speed is 50-500 MPa/min.
The size of the abrasive particles required by design in the step (3) is 0.005-0.1 mm.
Preferably, the abrasive grain size designed and required in the step (3) is 0.02-0.05 mm.
In the accurate classification process of the step (4), the gas medium in the gas centrifugal classification device is an argon-nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas medium with adjustable gas flow density and viscosity, and the volume mixing ratio of argon, nitrogen and hydrogen in the argon-nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas is (4-8): (1-7): (1-6).
The rotating speed of the variable frequency adjusting and grading wheel in the gas centrifugal grading device in the step (4) is 200-5000 rpm.
The grading wheel rotates at high speed (the speed can be adjusted at will) in the grading shell, a strong centrifugal force is formed in the grading machine, the nanometer twin crystal diamond gas-powder mixture entering the grading machine firstly enters the grading wheel, and large particles or heavy particles are subjected to the action of the centrifugal force under the action of the centrifugal force, so that the large particles or the heavy particles are poured to the periphery of the grading wheel to the edge wall of the grading machine and are not influenced by the centrifugal force. The centrifugal force in the classifier can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the classifying wheel through frequency conversion, so that the purpose of separating materials with specified granularity is achieved.
The nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles are prepared by the method, the size of the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles is 0.005-0.1mm, and the hardness of the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles is more than 100 GPa.
The nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive grain has hardness higher than that of crushed single crystal diamond, and may be used in high shape maintaining diamond copying grinding wheel and other diamond grinding wheels for precise grinding of functional micro structure and complicated surface device with relatively high groove shape consistency.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles prepared by adopting the nanometer twin crystal diamond synthetic column master batch have ultrahigh hardness (more than 100 GPa), the Vickers hardness of the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles is far greater than that of common diamond, the abrasion resistance is strong, and the prepared nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles keep the original hardness and abrasion resistance;
(2) the nanometer twin crystal diamond particles prepared by the three-dimensional pressing self-crushing method have sharp corners, are sharp and are wear-resistant;
(3) the diamond profiling grinding wheel prepared by utilizing the ultra-high hardness nanometer twin crystal diamond particles has good shape retention and good consistency of the processed complex surface workpiece;
(4) the nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particle has simple preparation process and low cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a nano twin diamond synthetic column master batch.
Fig. 2 is a view of the internal microstructure of the nano-twin diamond abrasive particles.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional compaction self-fragmentation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a diamond profiling grinding wheel.
FIG. 5 (a) is a nano twin crystal diamond particle, and (b) is an electron microscope image of a general single crystal diamond.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and (3) detection: the hardness, density and toughness of the purchased nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column master batch (shown in figure 1) are detected by a Vickers hardness meter and a densimeter, the hardness is 170GPa, and the density is 3.52g/cm 3 Fracture toughness of 18MPa.M 0.5 And the diameter is 5 mm.
(2) Cleaning: and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and decontamination on the qualified nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column master batch, wherein the frequency is 80KHz, and the time is 10 min.
(3) Mechanical impact crushing: the master batch of the nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column is divided into 20 pieces of crushed materials with different sizes by a mechanical impact crushing method under the protection of stainless steel baffles on the periphery, and the nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column master batch can be crushed into the crushed materials with edges and corners by the mechanical impact crushing method, so that the next three-dimensional pressing self-crushing is facilitated.
(4) Crushing: firstly, cleaning, drying, assembling and positioning a three-dimensional die, then placing a plurality of nano twin crystal diamond particles in a designed three-dimensional pressing die, and placing the loaded die in a high-pressure hydraulic press at the pressure of 0.1Gpa and the pressing speed of 0.05 GPa/Min). With the rise of the three-dimensional pressure, the size of the inner cavity of the die is synchronously reduced in the three-dimensional direction, the nanometer twin-crystal diamond crushed materials with different irregular shapes gradually generate local flow, migration and heavy accumulation, close asymmetric contact, mechanical mutual shearing pressure and high-pressure crushing fracture among different crushed materials, and finally self-crushing is realized, as shown in fig. 3.
(5) Thinning: and (3) putting the nano twin crystal diamond particles subjected to the first self-crushing into the three-dimensional pressing grinding tool again, and performing 30-time circulating three-dimensional pressing self-crushing to enable most of abrasive particle sizes of the nano twin crystal diamond particles to meet design requirements.
(6) Grading: and (4) placing the nanometer twin-crystal diamond particles obtained in the step (5) into a gas centrifugal classification device, and adjusting the rotating speed of a variable frequency adjusting classification wheel to adjust the centrifugal force in a classifier under the condition of argon-nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas medium (the volume ratio of the three is 8: 1: 1), wherein the rotating speed of the variable frequency adjusting classification wheel is 500-3000rpm, so that the ultra-wear-resistant diamond abrasive particles are accurately classified. The grading wheel rotates at a high speed in the grading shell, a strong centrifugal force is formed in the grading machine, the nanometer twin crystal diamond gas-powder mixture entering the grading machine firstly enters the grading wheel, the diameter of the gas centrifugal grading particles has great correlation with the airflow density and the viscosity, and the large particles or the heavy particles are acted by the centrifugal force under the action of the centrifugal force, so that the large particles or the heavy particles are poured to the periphery of the grading wheel to the edge wall of the grading machine and are not influenced by the centrifugal force. The centrifugal force in the classifier can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the classifying wheel through frequency conversion, so that the purpose of separating materials with specified granularity is achieved. Selecting nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles with the particle size range of 38-45 mu m, wherein the internal microstructure of the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles is shown in figure 2.
The nano twin diamond profiling grinding wheel comprises: and adding the selected nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particles with the particle size of 38-45 microns into a high-strength high-entropy alloy binder according to the concentration of 100% to perform sintering pressing on a discharge plasma sintering press, wherein the sintering temperature is 800 ℃, the pressure is 30Mpa, and the time is 10 min. Then the nano twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel (figure 4) with the diameter of 100 mm (outer diameter) multiplied by 40 mm (inner hole) multiplied by 2.0 mm (thickness) multiplied by 60 degrees (double bevel angle) is processed and prepared.
Traditional diamond profiling grinding wheels: the single crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel was prepared according to the same preparation process as the nano twin diamond profiling grinding wheel of this example using single crystal diamond grit in the particle size range of 38-45 μm.
And (3) testing: the nanometer twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel and the traditional diamond profiling grinding wheel are respectively used for grinding high-hardness silicon carbide V-shaped grooves, the shape retention of the nanometer twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel can reach 200m (the arc of a sharp corner is kept within 0.055 mm), and the shape retention of the traditional diamond profiling grinding wheel is 100m, so that the shape retention of the profiling grinding wheel prepared by adopting nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles is far higher than that of the diamond profiling grinding wheel prepared by single crystal diamond abrasive particles, and the consistency of the geometric contour dimension precision of a workpiece with a complex surface is greatly improved. The abrasive resistance of the diamond abrasive particles directly determines the shape retention of the diamond grinding wheel under the same other conditions, the higher the hardness of the diamond abrasive particles is, the stronger the abrasive resistance is, the strong correlation is formed between the hardness and the abrasive resistance, and the ultrahigh hardness of the nano twin crystal diamond obviously improves the shape retention and the abrasive resistance of the nano twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel. In addition, as can be seen from fig. 5, the nano-twin diamond abrasive grains have a sharp and sharp feature with a large number of sharp corners compared to the single-crystal diamond abrasive grains, and are more advantageous for grinding processing of the grinding wheel.
Example 2
A preparation method of nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and (3) detection: the hardness, density and toughness of the purchased master batch of the nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column are detected by a Vickers hardness meter and a densimeter, the hardness is 160GPa, and the density is 3.52g/cm 3 And the fracture toughness is 16MPa.M 0.5 And the diameter is 6 mm.
(2) Cleaning: and (3) ultrasonically cleaning and decontaminating the qualified nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column master batch, wherein the frequency is 80KHz, and the time is 10 min.
(3) Mechanical impact crushing: the master batch of the nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column is divided into 30 crushed aggregates with different sizes by a mechanical impact crushing method under the protection of stainless steel baffles on the periphery.
(4) Crushing: and then placing a plurality of nano twin crystal diamond particles in a designed three-dimensional pressing die, and placing the three-dimensional pressing die into a gas isostatic pressing device (the pressure is increased to the cold pressing pressure of 500MPa, and the pressing speed is 50 MPa/Min). And carrying out three-dimensional pressing self-crushing, and realizing self-crushing based on mechanical mutual shearing and extrusion among different crushed aggregates.
(5) Thinning: and (3) putting the nano twin crystal diamond particles subjected to the first self-crushing into the three-dimensional pressing grinding tool again, and performing 25 times of circulating three-dimensional pressing self-crushing to enable most of abrasive particle sizes of the nano twin crystal diamond particles to meet design requirements.
(6) Grading: and (3) placing the nanometer twin crystal diamond particles obtained in the step (5) into a gas centrifugal classification device, adjusting the centrifugal force in a classifier by adjusting the rotating speed of a frequency conversion adjusting classification wheel under the condition of argon-nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas medium (the volume ratio of the three is 7: 2: 1), realizing the accurate classification of the super wear-resistant diamond particles by adjusting the rotating speed of the frequency conversion adjusting classification wheel to 200-2000rpm, and selecting the nanometer twin crystal diamond particles with the particle size of 20-30 mu m.
The nano twin diamond profiling grinding wheel comprises: and adding the selected nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particles with the particle size of 20-30 microns into a high-strength high-entropy alloy binder according to the concentration of 75% to perform sintering pressing on a discharge plasma sintering press, wherein the sintering temperature is 800 ℃, the pressure is 30Mpa, and the time is 10 min. Then processing and preparing the nano twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel which is 110 mm (outer diameter) multiplied by 40 mm (inner hole) multiplied by 1.0 mm (thickness) multiplied by 90 degrees (double bevel angle).
Traditional diamond profile modeling emery wheel: the single crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel was prepared according to the same preparation process as the nano twin diamond profiling grinding wheel of this example using single crystal diamond grit in the particle size range of 20-30 μm.
And (3) testing: the nano-twin diamond profiling grinding wheel and the traditional diamond profiling grinding wheel are respectively used for grinding high-hardness silicon carbide V-shaped grooves, the shape retention of the nano-twin diamond profiling grinding wheel can reach 150m (the arc of a sharp corner is kept within 0.055 mm), and the shape retention of the traditional diamond profiling grinding wheel is 80m, so that the shape retention of the profiling grinding wheel prepared by adopting nano-twin diamond abrasive particles is far higher than that of the diamond profiling grinding wheel prepared by single-crystal diamond abrasive particles, and the consistency of the geometric profile size precision of a workpiece with a complex shape surface is greatly improved.
Example 3:
a preparation method of nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particles comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and (3) detection: the hardness, density and toughness of the purchased master batch of the nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column are detected by a Vickers hardness meter and a densimeter, the hardness is 190GPa, and the density is 3.52g/cm 3 Fracture toughness of 16MPa.M 0.5 And the diameter is 8 mm.
(2) Cleaning: and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and decontamination on the qualified nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column master batch, wherein the frequency is 80KHz, and the time is 10 min.
(3) Mechanical impact crushing: the master batch of the nanometer twin crystal diamond synthetic column is divided into 40 pieces of crushed aggregates with different sizes by a mechanical impact crushing method under the protection of stainless steel baffles on the periphery.
(4) Crushing: and then placing a plurality of nano twin crystal diamond crushed aggregates into a designed three-dimensional pressing die, placing the three-dimensional pressing die into a liquid isostatic pressing device (the pressure is increased to the cold pressing pressure of 600MPa, and the pressing speed is 90 MPa/Min) to carry out three-dimensional pressing self-crushing, and realizing self-crushing based on mechanical mutual shearing and extrusion among different crushed aggregates.
(5) Thinning: and (3) putting the nano twin crystal diamond particles subjected to the first self-crushing into the three-dimensional pressing grinding tool again, and performing 27 times of circulating three-dimensional pressing self-crushing to enable most of abrasive particle sizes of the nano twin crystal diamond particles to meet design requirements.
(6) Grading: and (3) placing the nanometer twin crystal diamond particles obtained in the step (5) into a gas centrifugal grading device, adjusting the centrifugal force in a grader by adjusting the rotating speed of a frequency conversion regulating grading wheel under the condition of argon-nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas medium (the volume ratio of the three is 6: 3: 1), realizing the accurate grading of the super-wear-resistant diamond particles by adjusting the rotating speed of the frequency conversion regulating grading wheel to be 100-plus 5000rpm, and selecting the nanometer twin crystal diamond particles within the particle size range of 45-50 mu m.
The nanometer twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel comprises: and adding the selected nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles with the particle size of 45-50 microns into a high-strength high-entropy alloy binder according to the concentration of 100% to perform sintering pressing on a discharge plasma sintering press, wherein the sintering temperature is 800 ℃, the pressure is 30Mpa, and the time is 10 min. Then processing and preparing the nano twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel with the diameter of 120 mm (outer diameter) multiplied by 40 mm (inner hole) multiplied by 0.9 mm (thickness) multiplied by 45 degrees (double bevel angle).
Traditional diamond profiling grinding wheels: the single crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel was prepared according to the same preparation process as the nano twin diamond profiling grinding wheel of this example using single crystal diamond grit in the particle size range of 45-50 μm.
And (3) testing: the nanometer twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel and the traditional diamond profiling grinding wheel are respectively used for grinding high-hardness silicon carbide V-shaped grooves, the shape retention of the nanometer twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel can reach 270m (the arc of a sharp corner is kept within 0.055 mm), and the shape retention of the traditional diamond profiling grinding wheel is 150m, so that the shape retention of the profiling grinding wheel prepared by adopting nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles is far higher than that of the diamond profiling grinding wheel prepared by single crystal diamond abrasive particles, and the consistency of the geometric contour dimension precision of a workpiece with a complex surface is greatly improved.
Example 4:
a preparation method of nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particles comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and (3) detection: the hardness, density and toughness of the purchased master batch of the nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column are detected by a Vickers hardness meter and a densimeter, the hardness is 150GPa, and the density is 3.52g/cm 3 Fracture toughness of 15MPa.M 0.5 And the diameter is 8 mm.
(2) Cleaning: and (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and decontamination on the qualified nano twin crystal diamond synthetic column, wherein the frequency is 80KHz, and the time is 10 min.
(3) Mechanical impact crushing: the master batch of the nanometer twin crystal diamond synthetic column is divided into 35 crushed aggregates with different sizes by a mechanical impact crushing method under the protection of stainless steel baffles on the periphery.
(4) Crushing: then, a plurality of nano twin crystal diamond particles are placed in a designed three-dimensional pressing die, the three-dimensional pressing die is placed in a six-surface top high-pressure device (the pressure is added to the cold pressing pressure of 10Gpa, and the pressing speed is 2 Gpa/min) to carry out three-dimensional pressing self-crushing, and self-crushing is realized based on mechanical mutual shearing and extrusion among different particles.
(5) Thinning: and (3) putting the nano twin crystal diamond particles subjected to the first self-crushing into the three-dimensional pressing grinding tool again, and performing circulating three-dimensional pressing self-crushing for 20 times to enable most of abrasive particle sizes of the nano twin crystal diamond particles to meet design requirements.
(6) Grading: and (3) placing the nanometer twin crystal diamond particles obtained in the step (5) into a gas centrifugal classification device, adjusting the centrifugal force in a classifier by adjusting the rotating speed of a frequency conversion adjusting classification wheel under the condition of argon-nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas medium (the volume ratio of the three is 6: 3: 1), realizing the accurate classification of the super-wear-resistant diamond particles by adjusting the rotating speed of the frequency conversion adjusting classification wheel to be 500-3000rpm, and selecting the nanometer twin crystal diamond particles within the particle size range of 30-40 mu m.
The nano twin diamond profiling grinding wheel comprises: and adding the selected nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particles with the particle size of 30-40 microns into a high-strength high-entropy alloy binder according to the concentration of 100% to perform sintering pressing on a discharge plasma sintering press, wherein the sintering temperature is 800 ℃, the pressure is 30Mpa, and the time is 10 min. Then processing and preparing the nano twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel with the diameter of 75 mm (outer diameter) multiplied by 40 mm (inner hole) multiplied by 0.9 mm (thickness) multiplied by 45 degrees (double bevel angle).
Making a diamond profiling grinding wheel: the single crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel is prepared by adopting single crystal diamond abrasive particles with the particle size of 30-40 mu m according to the same preparation process of the nanometer twin crystal diamond profiling grinding wheel in the embodiment.
And (3) testing: the nano-twin diamond profiling grinding wheel and the traditional diamond profiling grinding wheel are respectively used for grinding high-hardness silicon carbide V-shaped grooves, the shape retention of the nano-twin diamond profiling grinding wheel can reach 300m (the arc of a sharp corner is kept within 0.055 mm), and the shape retention of the traditional diamond profiling grinding wheel is 160m, so that the shape retention of the profiling grinding wheel prepared by adopting nano-twin diamond abrasive particles is far higher than that of the diamond profiling grinding wheel prepared by single-crystal diamond abrasive particles, and the consistency of the geometric profile size precision of a workpiece with a complex shape surface is greatly improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive grains is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dividing the cleaned nano twin crystal diamond synthetic columns into a plurality of pieces of irregular nano twin crystal diamond crushed aggregates by adopting a mechanical impact crushing method;
(2) putting the nano twin crystal diamond crushed aggregates into a pressing mould, and performing three-dimensional pressing and self-crushing;
(3) repeating the three-dimensional pressing self-breaking process in the step (2) until more than half of the size of the abrasive particles in the nano twin crystal diamond abrasive particles meets the requirement;
(4) and (4) placing the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles obtained in the step (3) into gas centrifugal classification equipment, and accurately classifying the particle size of the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles to obtain the nanometer twin crystal diamond abrasive particles with the abrasive particle size meeting the requirement.
2. The method of producing nano twin diamond abrasive grains according to claim 1, wherein: the cleaning in the step (1) is ultrasonic cleaning.
3. The method for producing nano twin diamond abrasive grains according to claim 1, wherein: the hardness of the nanometer twin crystal diamond synthetic column in the step (1) is more than 100GPa, and the density is more than 3.50g/cm 3 Fracture toughness of more than 5MPa.M 0.5 。
4. The method for producing nano twin diamond abrasive grains according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the pressurizing pressure in the three-dimensional pressing self-crushing process in the step (2) is 0.1-10Gpa, and the pressurizing speed is 0.05-2 Gpa/min.
5. The method for producing nano twin diamond abrasive grains according to claim 4, wherein: the three-dimensional pressing self-crushing mode in the step (2) is any one of six-surface top high pressure, two-surface top high pressure, gas isostatic pressure, liquid isostatic pressure and high pressure hydraulic pressure.
6. The method for producing nano twin diamond abrasive grains according to claim 5, wherein: the abrasive grain size required in the step (3) is 0.005-0.1 mm.
7. The method for producing nano twin diamond abrasive grains according to claim 6, wherein: in the accurate grading process of the step (4), the gas medium in the gas centrifugal grading device is an argon-nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas medium, and the volume mixing ratio of argon, nitrogen and hydrogen in the argon-nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas is (4-8): (1-7): (1-6).
8. The method for producing nano twin diamond abrasive grains according to claim 7, wherein: the rotating speed of the variable-frequency adjusting and grading wheel in the gas centrifugal grading device in the step (4) is 200-5000 rpm.
9. A nano twin diamond abrasive grain produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 8, the size of the nano twin diamond abrasive grain being 0.005 to 0.1mm, and the hardness of the nano twin diamond abrasive grain being greater than 100 GPa.
10. Use of the nano twin diamond abrasive particles of claim 9 in the manufacture of a grinding wheel.
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