CN114917507B - Method for extinguishing fire in waste hillock by using fly ash - Google Patents
Method for extinguishing fire in waste hillock by using fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN114917507B CN114917507B CN202210346970.1A CN202210346970A CN114917507B CN 114917507 B CN114917507 B CN 114917507B CN 202210346970 A CN202210346970 A CN 202210346970A CN 114917507 B CN114917507 B CN 114917507B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0045—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using solid substances, e.g. sand, ashes; using substances forming a crust
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for extinguishing a gangue dump by using fly ash, and belongs to the technical field of resource utilization. The invention uses the incombustibility and the air-isolation property of the fly ash, thoroughly isolates the coal gangue from the air by paving the fly ash layer, and realizes sealing by filling the fly ash in the trench, thereby achieving the effect of thoroughly extinguishing the fire of the gangue hill; the method can consume a large amount of fly ash and eliminate solid waste; because the fly ash is used, the consumption of loess is indirectly reduced, cultivated land resources are protected, and economic expenditure is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization, in particular to a method for extinguishing a gangue dump by using fly ash.
Background
The fly ash mainly comes from solid waste of coal-fired power plants, and belongs to one of large amount of industrial solid waste residues. The fly ash is fine powder which is collected from flue gas after coal combustion, is generally silver gray or gray, has higher carbon content than the fly ash with darker color, and has larger proportion of coarse particles. In recent years, the displacement of fly ash has tended to increase year by year. A large amount of fly ash is generated each year, and larger places are required to be occupied for stacking the fly ash; the fly ash storage field is mostly built in the gully or flat land, and the fly ash is discharged in successive years, so that the original fly ash storage field can not meet the discharge requirement; if extreme weather is encountered, the ash storage field is easily affected with irreversible consequences.
The coal gangue is a product in the coal mining process, and the large-scale discharge and spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue and the out-of-standard discharge of acidic leaching water of the gangue mountain not only gradually worsen the ecological environment of mining areas, but also seriously pollute the river water bodies of the coal mine and the surrounding environment, and directly influence the production of agriculture, forestry and the like.
The most direct harm of gangue mountain to human production and living and ecological environment is spontaneous combustion, and a large amount of smoke dust and SO are generated in the spontaneous combustion process of gangue mountain 2 、CO 2 、CO、H 2 S, NO and NO 2 Toxic gases, which affect life health of mining personnel and surrounding residents and destroy plantingThe atmosphere, the water resource environment and the ecological balance are influenced. Research has shown that gangue has become a potential source of atmospheric pollution.
The existing coal gangue mountain fire extinguishment mainly takes loess as a raw material, and adopts a surface sealing method, a grouting fire extinguishing method, a covering method and the like for treatment. However, the use of a large amount of loess causes a crisis to the cultivated land; and can collect higher expense, economy is unreasonable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for extinguishing a gangue dump by using fly ash, which can thoroughly extinguish the gangue dump and fully consume the fly ash so as to avoid using a large amount of loess.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for extinguishing a gangue dump by utilizing fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
measuring the gangue hill and determining the position of a fire area;
after the fire area is cooled, stripping the fire object to obtain the fire object;
mixing the fire-catching object with the fly ash, backfilling the obtained mixture to a fire-free different area, layering and rolling, and paving a fly ash layer on the rolling surface of each layer of the obtained material;
and (3) stacking non-burnt rock at the edge of the non-fire different area, forming a trench with the non-fire different area, and filling fly ash in the trench.
Preferably, the method of measurement includes infrared thermometry, radon measurement and geological investigation.
Preferably, the cooling mode comprises covering the fly ash; the thickness of the covering fly ash is 50-200 cm; the cooling mode also comprises sprinkling.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the firing material to the fly ash is (3-4): 1.
Preferably, the layer thickness of each layer of material formed by layering and rolling is independently 250-1000 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the fly ash layer is 30-60 cm.
Preferably, the non-combustible rock comprises siltstone, sandstone, limestone or mudstone.
Preferably, the side part of the fire-free different-place area is 10-15 m away from the side slope of the fire-free different-place area; the length of the trench is 10-15 m, the width is 5-10 m, and the depth is 5-20 m.
Preferably, after filling the ditch with the fly ash, the method further comprises the steps of leveling and repairing the fire-free area, establishing drainage facilities and arranging monitoring facilities in sequence.
The invention provides a method for extinguishing a gangue dump by utilizing fly ash, which comprises the following steps: measuring the gangue hill and determining the position of a fire area; after the fire area is cooled, stripping the fire object to obtain the fire object; mixing the fire-catching object with the fly ash, backfilling the obtained mixture to a fire-free different area, layering and rolling, and paving a fly ash layer on the rolling surface of each layer of the obtained material; and (3) stacking non-burnt rock at the edge of the non-fire different area, forming a trench with the non-fire different area, and filling fly ash in the trench. According to the invention, by utilizing the incombustibility and air isolation characteristics of the fly ash, a fly ash layer is paved between the layers of the ignited objects to thoroughly isolate the coal gangue from the air, and the whole sealing of the non-fire off-site area is realized by filling the fly ash in the trench, so that the effect of thoroughly extinguishing the fire in the waste dump is achieved; the method is mainly aimed at treating the ignition gangue hill; the method can also be used for the construction of a dumping site in the mining process.
The method can consume a large amount of fly ash and eliminate solid waste; because the fly ash is used, the consumption of loess is indirectly reduced, cultivated land resources are protected, and economic expenditure is reduced.
The invention uses the solid waste material fly ash for mine treatment, thereby changing waste into valuable; replaces the traditional loess fire extinguishing, reduces the expense of purchasing loess in the process of treating mines; for enterprises generating the fly ash, the pressure for storing the fly ash can be reduced, and the burden is reduced.
Further, as the fly ash contains elements required by plants such as N, P, K and Mg, after the waste hillock is treated, the fly ash is mixed with soil for greening, so that the fly ash is fully consumed, and the storage quantity of the fly ash is reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for extinguishing a gangue dump by utilizing fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
measuring the gangue hill and determining the position of a fire area;
after the fire area is cooled, stripping the fire object to obtain the fire object;
mixing the fire-catching object with the fly ash, backfilling the obtained mixture to a fire-free different area, layering and rolling, and paving a fly ash layer on the rolling surface of each layer of the obtained material;
and (3) stacking non-burnt rock at the edge of the non-fire different area, forming a trench with the non-fire different area, and filling fly ash in the trench.
The invention measures the gangue hill and determines the position of the fire area. The invention has no special limitation to the gangue hill, and the existing spontaneous combustion gangue hill which needs to be treated can be used.
In the present invention, the method of measurement preferably includes infrared thermometry, radon measurement and geological investigation; the specific processes of infrared temperature measurement, radon measurement and geological investigation are not particularly limited, and the infrared temperature measurement, radon measurement and geological investigation are carried out according to corresponding methods well known in the art.
After determining the position of the fire area, the invention cools the fire area and then strips off the fire object to obtain the fire object. In the invention, the cooling mode preferably comprises covering the fly ash; the thickness of the covering fly ash is preferably 50-200 cm, more preferably 100cm; the cooling mode preferably further comprises sprinkling. The specific dosage of the sprinkling water is not particularly limited, and the sprinkling water can be adjusted according to the actual cooling requirement. The invention uses the sprinkling to cool the ignition area to the working temperature.
The source of the fly ash used in the invention is not particularly limited, and the fly ash can be obtained in a manner well known in the art; the fly ash is preferably fly ash with qualified heavy metal content, and the heavy metal preferably comprises copper, lead, zinc, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, cadmium, mercury, tungsten, molybdenum, gold and silver; the standard for the qualification of the heavy metal content is preferably referred to the current standard (soil environmental quality agricultural soil pollution risk management standard (GB 15618-2018)). The method is preferably used for measuring the heavy metal content of the fly ash, and the fly ash with qualified heavy metal content is used for the scheme of the invention.
The method for removing the fire is not particularly limited, and the fire may be removed according to a method known in the art, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the fire is excavated by using an excavator.
After the fire object is obtained, the fire object is mixed with the fly ash, the obtained mixture is backfilled to a fire-free different area, layered rolling is carried out, and a fly ash layer is paved on the rolling surface of each layer of the obtained material. In the present invention, the mass ratio of the firing material to the fly ash is preferably (3 to 4): 1, more preferably 3 to 1. The process of mixing the fire-catching material with the fly ash is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be mixed according to a process well known in the art.
In the present invention, the fireless zone is specifically a non-firing zone. The backfilling process is not particularly limited and may be performed according to processes well known in the art.
In the invention, the layering rolling way is preferably mechanical rolling; the thickness of each layer of material formed by layering and rolling is preferably 250-1000 mm, more preferably 300-800 mm. The specific process of the mechanical rolling is not particularly limited, and may be performed according to a process well known in the art. The invention is realized by
The process of paving the fly ash layer is not particularly limited, and the fly ash layer with the required thickness can be paved. In the present invention, the thickness of the soot layer is preferably 30 to 60cm, more preferably 50cm. The invention thoroughly isolates the gangue from the air by layering, rolling and paving the fly ash layers.
According to the invention, non-burnt rock is piled up at the edge of the non-fire area, a trench is formed between the non-fire area and the non-fire area, and fly ash is filled in the trench. In the present invention, the non-combustible rock preferably includes siltstone, sandstone, limestone or mudstone; the specific source and specification of the non-combustible rock are not particularly limited in the present invention, and the corresponding rock may be obtained in a manner well known in the art.
In the invention, the side part of the fire-free different area is 10-15 m away from the side slope of the fire-free different area. The specific process of the stacking is not particularly limited, and stacking may be performed according to a process well known in the art.
In the present invention, the length of the moat is preferably 10 to 15m, the width is preferably 5 to 10m, and more preferably 8m; the depth is preferably 5 to 20m, more preferably 10m.
In the present invention, the amount of fly ash used to fill the moat is preferably such that the moat is completely filled. The fly ash is filled in the trench, so that the edge of the fire-free off-site area is guaranteed to have good sealing performance.
After filling the trench with fly ash, the invention preferably further comprises leveling and repairing the fire-free area, establishing drainage facilities and arranging monitoring facilities in sequence. The process of establishing the drainage facility and the monitoring facility is not particularly limited, and may be performed according to a process well known in the art.
In the invention, the leveling and slope repairing are preferably realized by mixing fly ash with soil, replacing the soil with the obtained mixture, and planting green plants after covering the slope and the platform with soil.
In the invention, after the whole fire extinguishing engineering is completed, the waste dump is preferably subjected to later detection, the temperature and settlement condition are monitored, and the waste dump is prevented from being reburned or from being subjected to disasters such as landslide, debris flow and the like. The detection process is not particularly limited, and may be performed according to a process well known in the art.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in connection with the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the following examples, the fly ash used was as shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 composition of fly ash
| Sample number | Pb | As | Hg | Cd | Cr |
| 1 | 0.002 | 6.83 | 0.36 | 0.058 | 0.0045 |
| 2 | 0.0023 | 7.15 | 0.5 | 0.065 | 0.0036 |
| 3 | 0.0024 | 8.98 | 0.38 | 0.086 | 0.0041 |
| 4 | 0.003 | 9.69 | 0.46 | 0.093 | 0.0042 |
| 5 | 0.0031 | 13.7 | 0.29 | 0.08 | 0.0049 |
| Average value of | 0.00256 | 9.27 | 0.398 | 0.0764 | 0.00426 |
Remarks: wherein Pb and Cr have a unit of 10 -2 The rest elements have a unit of 10 -6 。
Example 1
The fire point treatment project of the main slag discharge site-free mining site in the old cave trough of the sea-Bay area of the Uhai city:
measuring the waste dump by adopting infrared temperature measurement, radon measurement and geological survey, and determining the position of a fire area;
cooling the coal ash covered by the fire area, wherein the covering thickness of the coal ash is 100cm, and digging out the firing objects by adopting an excavator;
mixing the fire-catching material and the fly ash according to the mass ratio of 3:1, backfilling the obtained mixture to a fire-free different area, and then carrying out layered rolling in a mechanical mode, wherein the thickness of each layer of material formed by rolling is 300mm, and paving a fly ash layer on the surface of the obtained rolling, and the thickness of the fly ash layer is 50cm;
stacking non-combustible rock (including siltstone, sandstone, limestone or mudstone) 15m from the side slope of the gangue dump to form a trench, wherein the length of the trench is 15m, the width of the trench is 8m, the depth of the trench is 10m, and the trench is fully filled with fly ash;
mixing fly ash with soil, replacing the soil with the obtained mixture, covering the hillside slope and the platform with the soil, and planting green plants; then respectively establishing a drainage facility and arranging a monitoring facility, and performing later detection on the waste dump, monitoring the temperature and the settlement condition, so as to prevent the waste dump from re-burning or landslide and debris flow disasters; an automatic detection device is arranged for measuring the temperature every day.
As a result, open fires have not been present in the work area of the old cave ditches in the Boehmeria region of Uhai city.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for extinguishing the fire of the waste dump by utilizing the fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
measuring the gangue hill and determining the position of a fire area;
after the fire area is cooled, stripping the fire object to obtain the fire object;
mixing the fire-catching object with the fly ash, backfilling the obtained mixture to a fire-free different area, layering and rolling, and paving a fly ash layer on the rolling surface of each layer of the obtained material;
stacking non-combustible rock at the edge of the non-fire different area, forming a trench with the non-fire different area, and filling fly ash in the trench;
the thickness of the fly ash layer is 30-60 cm;
the non-combustible rock comprises siltstone, sandstone, limestone or mudstone;
the side part of the fire-free different-place area is 10-15 m away from the side slope of the fire-free different-place area; the length of the trench is 10-15 m, the width is 5-10 m, and the depth is 5-20 m.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of measuring includes infrared thermometry, radon measurement, and geological investigation.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the cooling comprises covering fly ash; the thickness of the covering fly ash is 50-200 cm; the cooling mode also comprises sprinkling.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the fire-catching material to the fly ash is (3-4): 1.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the layer thickness of each layer of material formed by the layered rolling is independently 250-1000 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising leveling the fireless zone, establishing drainage facilities, and deploying monitoring facilities in sequence after filling the moat with fly ash.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210346970.1A CN114917507B (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | Method for extinguishing fire in waste hillock by using fly ash |
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| CN202210346970.1A CN114917507B (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | Method for extinguishing fire in waste hillock by using fly ash |
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| CN114917507B true CN114917507B (en) | 2023-07-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2290238C1 (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2006-12-27 | ФГУП "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт геологии нерудных полезных ископаемых" | Method for peat fire prevention, localization and suppression |
| CN102500077B (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-12-11 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Waste dump extinguishing method |
| CN202652889U (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-01-09 | 苗世龙 | Spontaneous combustion coal gangue mountain comprehensive treatment system |
| CN103599605A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 山西绿巨人环境科技有限公司 | Extinguishing method for coal gangue dump system |
| CN112604202A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-06 | 中煤地质集团有限公司 | Spontaneous combustion waste rock hill comprehensive treatment method |
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Effective date of registration: 20230629 Address after: Building 5, Jinxiu Zhonghua Commercial and Residential Community, North Third Street, Fenghuangling East Street, Haibowan District, Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 016000-Shop-106 Applicant after: Wuhai Hengchuang Engineering Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: CHINA COAL GEOLOGY GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: Building 5, Jinxiu Zhonghua Commercial and Residential Community, North Third Street, Fenghuangling East Street, Haibowan District, Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 016000-Shop-106 Applicant before: Wuhai Hengchuang Engineering Co.,Ltd. |
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