CN114916292B

CN114916292B - Air-blowing type forage no-tillage planter

Info

Publication number: CN114916292B
Application number: CN202210659572.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘汉武; 邵春雷; 孙洪雨; 李兴恺
Original assignee: Debont Co ltd
Current assignee: Debont Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-13
Filing date: 2022-06-13
Publication date: 2023-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-13
Also published as: CN114916292A

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-blown forage no-tillage planter, which comprises a main beam, an auxiliary beam, side frames, a traction hanging frame assembly, a support wheel frame assembly, an air-blown seeding apparatus, a pre-ditching assembly and a ditching, seeding and compacting integrated machine, wherein the auxiliary beam is arranged at the front end of the main beam, two sides of the auxiliary beam are welded through the side frames, the traction hanging frame assembly is connected with the main beam, the support wheel frame assemblies are provided with two and are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the main beam, the air-blown seeding apparatus is provided with two air-blown seeding apparatuses, the air-blown seeding apparatus is connected with the upper ends between the main beam and the auxiliary beam through hack levers, the pre-ditching assembly is connected with the lower part of the auxiliary beam, and the ditching, seeding and compacting integrated machine is connected with the rear part of the main beam. Can meet the sowing requirement of narrow row spacing, and simultaneously, the furrow opening component and the pre-ditching component are arranged, thereby meeting the requirements of less movable soil and less soil disturbance of grassland sowing.

Description

Air-blowing type forage no-tillage planter

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of no-tillage planter, and particularly relates to an air-blowing type forage no-tillage planter.

Background

With the development of modern animal husbandry, large-scale grassland maintenance is required manually. Traditional alternate maintenance in dicing areas seriously hinders the sustainable development of the traditional animal husbandry. The manual maintenance has high labor intensity and is not suitable for large-scale grassland maintenance.

The no-tillage complementary sowing is a key technology for repairing the degraded grassland vegetation, and has the meaning of improving the productivity and species diversity of the degraded grassland by complementary sowing of proper excellent grasslands under the condition of not damaging or less damaging the grassland vegetation.

The conventional no-tillage planter with farmland tillage function cannot adapt to no-tillage supplementary seeding operation of grasslands, and has the following main defects:

first: the conventional no-tillage planter with farmland tillage function is mainly used for sowing single-weight crops, can not perform mixed sowing of various types of seeds, and can not meet the requirements of degraded grassland productivity and species diversity.

Second,: the grassland is no-tillage land, the soil hardness is big, the no-tillage planter of traditional farmland tillage effect, main technological process is: the method comprises the steps of stubble cleaning, soil turning, soil crushing, deep loosening, ditching, sowing and compacting, wherein the precompression of ditching, sowing and compacting is smaller after the soil is subjected to the soil turning, soil crushing and deep loosening, and if the method is directly used for no-tillage supplementary sowing of pasture, the precompression of ditching, sowing and compacting is insufficient, and the ditching depth cannot be reached.

Third,: the grassland surface lodges more primary grass, so that the conventional ditching disc and ditching assembly can easily drag the lodged primary grass to pile, the ditching operation is affected, and the ditching resistance is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an air-blowing type forage no-tillage planter, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a no-tillage seeder of air-blown forage grass, includes main beam, vice crossbeam, side frame, pulls stores pylon subassembly, supports wheel carrier subassembly, air-blown seed metering ware, pre-ditching subassembly and ditching seeding suppression all-in-one, main beam front end is located to vice crossbeam, and the both sides pass through the side frame welding, it is connected with the main beam to pull the stores pylon subassembly, it is equipped with two to support the wheel carrier subassembly, and is connected with main beam both ends fastening respectively, air-blown seed metering ware is equipped with two, and air-blown seed metering ware passes through the hack lever and is connected with upper end between main beam and the vice crossbeam, pre-ditching subassembly is connected with vice crossbeam below, ditching seeding suppression all-in-one is connected with the main beam rear.

Preferably, the traction hanging rack assembly comprises a main fixing rack, an auxiliary fixing rack, a coarse supporting rack, a fine supporting rack, a triangular hanging rack and an adjusting telescopic rod, wherein the main fixing rack is symmetrically provided with two parts and is welded with a main cross beam respectively, the auxiliary fixing rack is arranged between the two main fixing racks and is welded with the main cross beam, two ends of the coarse supporting rack respectively penetrate through the main fixing rack and are welded with the main fixing rack, the fine supporting rack penetrates through the main fixing rack and the auxiliary fixing rack and is welded with the main fixing rack and the auxiliary fixing rack respectively, the triangular hanging rack is hinged with the ends of the two main fixing racks, one end of the adjusting telescopic rod is hinged with the upper end of the auxiliary fixing rack, and the other end of the adjusting telescopic rod is hinged with the upper end of the triangular hanging rack.

Preferably, the air-blowing seed metering device is provided with a plurality of seed outlets.

Preferably, the pre-ditching assembly comprises a platform plate, a hinged plate, a reinforced limiting slat, a first rocker plate, a second rocker plate, a third rocker plate, a hinged shaft, a cylindrical rod, a pressure spring and a pre-ditching disc, wherein the platform plate is connected with the lower end of the auxiliary cross beam through a U-shaped bolt, the hinged plate is provided with two hinge plates and symmetrically welded with the lower end of the platform plate, the reinforced limiting slat is provided with two hinge plates and symmetrically welded with the upper end of the platform plate, the first rocker plate is provided with two hinge plates and respectively hinged with the hinge plates through shaft sleeves on the hinged shaft, the two sides of the second rocker plate are respectively welded with the first rocker plate, the third rocker plate is welded with the two ends of the rocker plate, the cylindrical rod is provided with two hinge plates respectively, the lower end of the cylindrical rod is hinged with the third rocker plate through the lower end of the flat plate, the upper end of the cylindrical rod is connected with the limiting pressure spring through a small circular plate, the lower end of the pressure spring is in contact with the flat plate, and the pre-ditching disc is hinged with the first rocker plate.

Preferably, the rocker arm plate III is provided with a limiting groove.

Preferably, the ditching, seeding and compacting all-in-one machine comprises a parallelogram connecting frame assembly, a seed metering mechanism, a ditching and seeding assembly, a double-pressing wheel mechanism and a single-pressing wheel mechanism, wherein the parallelogram connecting frame assembly is connected with the rear end of a main beam, the seed metering mechanism is connected with the rear end of the parallelogram connecting frame assembly, the ditching and seeding assembly is connected with the lower part of the seed metering mechanism, the double-pressing wheel mechanism is connected with the lower part of the ditching and seeding assembly, and the single-pressing wheel mechanism is connected with the rear end of the ditching and seeding assembly.

Preferably, the parallelogram link assembly comprises a front arm support, a rear arm support, an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, an adjusting buckle, an upper cross rod, a lower cross rod and tension springs, wherein the front arm support is connected with the rear end of the main cross rod through U-shaped bolts, the upper connecting rods are symmetrically arranged, the lower connecting rods are symmetrically arranged, the front ends of the upper connecting rods are hinged above the front arm support, the rear ends of the upper connecting rods are hinged above the rear arm support, the front ends of the lower connecting rods are hinged below the front arm support, the rear ends of the lower connecting rods are hinged below the rear arm support, a plurality of adjusting holes are formed in the upper connecting rods, the adjusting buckle is connected with the adjusting holes through bolts, two ends of the upper cross rod are respectively connected with the adjusting buckle in an inserting mode, the two ends of the lower cross rod are respectively welded with the lower connecting rods, and the upper ends of the tension springs are hooked on the upper cross rod, and the lower ends of the tension springs are hooked on the lower cross rod;

the seed metering mechanism comprises a seed metering main frame, a seed metering auxiliary frame, a seed metering assembly and a seed dropping pipe, wherein the seed metering main frame is connected with the rear arm support, the seed metering auxiliary frame is fixedly connected with the upper end of the seed metering main frame, the seed metering assembly is connected with the seed metering auxiliary frame, and the upper end of the seed dropping pipe is communicated and connected with the seed outlet end of the seed metering assembly; the rear end of the seed metering main frame is provided with a single weight box;

the ditching and seeding assembly comprises a seeding ditching frame, a formal ditching disc, a ditching knife board assembly, a ditching shovel and a seeding pipe, wherein the seeding ditching frame is fixedly connected with the lower part of the rear end of the rear arm support, the formal ditching frame is fixedly connected with the lower part of the front end of the rear arm support, the formal ditching disc is hinged with the formal ditching frame, the ditching knife board assembly is fixedly connected with the lower part of the front end of the seeding ditching frame, the ditching shovel is fixedly connected with the lower part of the ditching knife board assembly, the upper end of the seeding pipe is fixedly connected with the seeding ditching frame, and the lower end of the seeding pipe is fixedly connected with the ditching knife board assembly; three inoculation openings are formed in the upper end of the sowing pipe and are respectively communicated and connected with two air-blowing type seed metering devices and the seed outlet end of one seed metering component;

the double-press wheel mechanism comprises press wheel frames, press wheel I, a stretching frame and a locking handle, wherein the press wheel frames are symmetrically arranged in two and are hinged with the rear end of the sowing ditching frame, the press wheel I is hinged with the press wheel frames, the stretching frame is hinged with the upper end of the sowing ditching frame, the lower end of the stretching frame is inserted into the inner wall of the press wheel frames to be in sliding connection, and the locking handle is in reset connection with the upper end of the stretching frame through a spring and is locked with the upper end of the sowing ditching frame;

the single press wheel mechanism comprises a hinging seat, a connecting seat, a single wheel frame, a second press wheel and an adjusting screw, wherein the hinging seat is fixedly connected with the lower part of the rear end of the sowing ditching frame, the connecting seat is welded with the lower part of the rear end of the hinging seat, the single wheel frame is hinged with the hinging seat, the second press wheel is hinged with the lower end of the single wheel frame, the lower end of the adjusting screw is connected with the middle of the single wheel frame, and the upper end of the adjusting screw penetrates through the connecting seat and is locked through a nut.

Preferably, the pre-ditching disc and the formal ditching disc are arranged in a collinear way.

Preferably, the pre-ditching disc and the formal ditching disc are arranged in a staggered mode.

The beneficial effects of adopting above technical scheme are:

1. the invention relates to an air-blown forage no-tillage planter, which is provided with two air-blown seeding devices and eight seed outlets, wherein the air-blown seeding devices are connected with the upper ends of a main beam and an auxiliary beam through hacks; three inoculation openings are formed in the upper end of the sowing pipe and are respectively communicated and connected with two air-blowing type seed metering devices and the seed outlet end of one seed metering component; the air-blowing type seed metering device corresponds to eight pre-ditching assemblies and ditching, sowing and compacting integrated machine units, and two air-blowing type seed metering devices and one seed metering assembly respectively sow different types of grass seeds, so that the requirements of degraded grassland productivity and species diversity can be met.

2. According to the air-blown forage no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the adjusting buckle on the upper connecting rod is adjusted to the backward adjusting hole, so that the tension spring between the upper cross rod and the lower cross rod is further lengthened, and the acting force of the tension spring on the upper cross rod increases the precompression of the whole seeding mechanism, the ditching seeding assembly, the double-pressing wheel mechanism and the single-pressing wheel mechanism on a large-hardness grassland through the upper connecting rod, the lower connecting rod and the rear arm frame, so that the precompression of ditching, seeding and pressing is enough, and the ditching depth is achieved.

In addition, the rear end of the seed metering main frame is provided with a single weight box, so that the requirement of seeding depth can be met when seeding in a soil environment with higher hardness is met, and the seed metering main frame can be manually and selectively assembled and can also be marked and matched. The monomer weight box is internally provided with prefabricated cement blocks with the weight of 11 Kg/block, and is convenient to install and remove at any time according to the soil hardness environment.

3. The invention discloses an air-blowing type forage no-tillage planter, which comprises a platform plate, two hinged plates, reinforcing limiting strips, a first rocker arm plate, a second rocker arm plate, a third rocker arm plate, a hinged shaft, a cylindrical rod, a pressure spring and a pre-ditching disc, wherein the platform plate is connected with the lower end of an auxiliary cross beam through a U-shaped bolt, the two hinged plates are symmetrically welded with the lower end of the platform plate, the two reinforcing limiting strips are symmetrically welded with the upper end of the platform plate, the first rocker arm plate is respectively hinged with the hinged plates through a shaft sleeve on the hinged shaft, the two sides of the second rocker arm plate are respectively welded with the first rocker arm plate, the third rocker arm plate is welded with the two ends of the third rocker arm plate, the two cylindrical rods respectively penetrate through a pressure spring, the lower end of the cylindrical rod penetrates through the platform plate and is hinged with the third rocker arm plate, the upper end of the cylindrical rod is limited by a small circular plate, the lower end of the pressure spring is contacted with the platform plate, and the pre-ditching disc is hinged with the first rocker arm plate.

The small circular plate at the upper end of the cylindrical rod is downwards adjusted, the pretightening force of the pressure spring is changed, and therefore the pretightening force of the pretightening disc on a grassland with high hardness is adjusted, the lodging primary grass on the surface of the grassland is cut once before the ditching is formally carried out, the formally ditching disc, the ditching knife board assembly and the ditching shovel are guaranteed not to drag the lodging primary grass, ditching operation is guaranteed to be carried out continuously, and ditching resistance is reduced.

And the third rocker arm plate is provided with a limit groove, so that the rocker arm plate is prevented from being too large in forward swinging amplitude with the pre-ditching disc.

4. The air-blowing type forage no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the ditching shovel adopts the inverted T-shaped ditching shovel to form a ditch with inverted T-shaped characteristics, and the air-blowing type forage no-tillage planter has the advantages of preserving soil moisture and facilitating overwintering germination of seeds; the main seeding object is leguminous seeds, the soil disturbance is small, and the damage to the original vegetation of the grassland is small.

The ditching shovel adopts a straight-bladed ditching shovel to form a vertical special ditch, and has the advantages that under the condition of higher soil hardness, the soil penetration depth can be ensured; the soil disturbance is small, and the damage to the original vegetation of the grassland is small. Is suitable for sowing gramineous seeds.

5. A sowing process of an air-blown pasture no-tillage planter, which comprises the following steps,

step S1: the pre-ditching is carried out, the downward pressure of the pre-ditching disc is changed by adjusting the elastic restoring force of the pressure spring, and the cutting of the soil with high hardness and the surface lodging primary grass is realized;

step S2: the ditching and sowing are carried out, the formal ditching operation is carried out through a formal ditching disc in the ditching and sowing assembly, and then ditching is carried out through a ditching blade assembly and a ditching shovel below; simultaneously, two air-blowing seed metering devices and one seed metering component realize multiple grass seed mixed sowing operations, and seeds fall into ditches of the ditching shovel through pipelines and sowing pipes;

step S3: the double compacting wheels compact, the rotating angle of the expansion and contraction frame is adjusted to adjust the gap between the first compacting wheels by releasing the locking handle, and the requirements of enough soil covering and compacting strength after sowing are met;

step S4: single suppression wheel suppression, the suppression intensity of the second suppression wheel of adjusting through adjusting screw reaches deep ditching, shallow earthing, the requirement of moderate degree suppression.

Wherein, the pre-ditching disc and the formal ditching disc are arranged in line, so that the ditching depth can be ensured.

The pre-ditching disc and the formal ditching disc are arranged in a staggered mode, and root cutting treatment is carried out on the primary grass, so that the growth of the primary grass is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an assembly drawing I of an air blown pasture no-tillage planter of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second assembly view of the air-blown pasture no-tillage planter of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an assembled view I of a main beam, an auxiliary beam, side frames, a traction hanger assembly, a support wheel frame assembly and an air-blown seed metering device;

FIG. 4 is a second assembly view of a main beam, an auxiliary beam, side frames, a traction hanger assembly, a support wheel frame assembly, and an air-blown seed metering device;

FIG. 5 is an assembly view of a pre-trenching assembly;

FIG. 6 is a second pre-trenching assembly view;

FIG. 7 is an assembly drawing I of a ditching, seeding and compacting integrated machine;

FIG. 8 is a second assembly drawing of the ditching, seeding and compacting integrated machine;

FIG. 9 is an assembly view of a parallelogram link assembly;

FIG. 10 is a second parallelogram link assembly view;

FIG. 11 is an assembled view of a primary plow frame and primary plow disc;

FIG. 12 is a second assembly view of a primary plow frame and primary plow disc;

FIG. 13 is an assembled view of the furrow seeding assembly and single ballast wheel mechanism;

FIG. 14 is a second assembly view of the furrow seeding assembly and single ballast wheel mechanism;

FIG. 15 is an assembly view of a dual ballast wheel mechanism;

FIG. 16 is a second assembly view of the dual ballast mechanism;

FIG. 17 is a view showing the positional relationship of the roller frame, roller I, expanding and contracting frame and locking handle;

wherein:

1. a main beam; 2. an auxiliary cross beam; 3. a side frame; 4. a towing hanger assembly; 5. a support wheel carrier assembly; 6. an air-blowing seed sowing device; 7. a pre-trenching assembly; 8. ditching, sowing and compacting all-in-one machine;

40. a main fixing frame; 41. an auxiliary fixing frame; 42. coarse supporting; 43. fine supporting shelves; 44. triangular hanging rack; 45. adjusting the telescopic rod;

70. a platform plate; 71. a hinged plate; 72. reinforcing the limit slat; 73. a rocker arm plate I; 74. a rocker arm plate II; 75. a rocker arm plate III; 75-1, a limit groove; 76. a hinge shaft; 76-1, shaft sleeve; 77. a cylindrical rod; 78. a pressure spring; 79. a pre-ditching disc;

8-1, a parallelogram link assembly; 8-2, a seed sowing mechanism; 8-3, ditching and seeding components; 8-4, a double-press wheel mechanism; 8-5, a single press wheel mechanism;

8-10, front arm support; 8-11, a rear arm support; 8-12, an upper connecting rod; 8-120, adjusting holes; 8-13, lower connecting rod; 8-14, adjusting buckles; 8-15, upper cross bars; 8-16, a lower cross bar; 8-17, a tension spring;

8-20, a seed metering main frame; 8-200, a monomer weight box; 8-21, a seed metering sub-frame; 8-22, seed metering components; 8-23, a seed dropping tube;

8-30, sowing and ditching frames; 8-31, a formal ditching frame; 8-32, a formal ditching disc; 8-33, a ditching knife board assembly; 8-34, a ditching shovel; 8-35, sowing pipes;

8-40, a pressing wheel frame; 8-41, a first pressing wheel; 8-42, a telescopic frame; 8-43, locking handle;

8-50, a hinging seat; 8-51, connecting seats; 8-52, a single wheel frame; 8-53, a second pressing wheel; 8-54, adjusting screw.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, given by way of example only, is presented in the accompanying drawings to aid in a more complete, accurate and thorough understanding of the concepts and aspects of the invention, and to aid in its practice, by those skilled in the art.

As shown in figures 1 to 17, the invention is an air-blown pasture no-tillage planter, adopts an air-blown seed metering device and a novel casting monomer and a novel pre-ditching assembly which are newly developed, and can better meet the sowing requirements of grass seeds. In addition, the new monomer of the forage no-tillage planter is a narrow monomer capable of meeting the requirement of sowing at a narrow row spacing, the maximum appearance width of the monomer is 340mm, and meanwhile, the furrow opening component and the pre-ditching component are arranged, so that the requirements of less movable soil and less soil disturbance of grassland sowing are met.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 17, the air-blown seeding apparatus comprises a main beam 1, an auxiliary beam 2, side frames 3, a traction hanging frame assembly 4, a support wheel frame assembly 5, an air-blown seeding apparatus 6, a pre-ditching assembly 7 and a ditching, seeding and compacting integrated machine 8, wherein the auxiliary beam 2 is arranged at the front end of the main beam 1, two sides of the auxiliary beam are welded through the side frames 3, the traction hanging frame assembly 4 is connected with the main beam 1, the support wheel frame assembly 5 is provided with two support wheel frames and respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the main beam 1, the air-blown seeding apparatus 6 is provided with two support wheel frames, the air-blown seeding apparatus 6 is connected with the upper ends between the main beam 1 and the auxiliary beam 2 through hacks, the pre-ditching assembly 7 is connected with the lower side of the auxiliary beam 2, and the ditching, seeding and compacting integrated machine 8 is connected with the rear of the main beam 1.

The traction hanging rack assembly 4 comprises a main fixing rack 40, an auxiliary fixing rack 41, a coarse supporting rack 42, a fine supporting rack 43, a triangular hanging rack 44 and an adjusting telescopic rod 45, wherein the main fixing rack 40 is symmetrically arranged in two and is respectively welded with the main beam 1, the auxiliary fixing rack 41 is arranged between the two main fixing racks 40 and is welded with the main beam 1, two ends of the coarse supporting rack 42 respectively penetrate through the main fixing rack 40 and are welded with the main fixing rack 40, the fine supporting rack 43 penetrates through the main fixing rack 40 and the auxiliary fixing rack 41 and is respectively welded with the main fixing rack 40 and the auxiliary fixing rack 41, the triangular hanging rack 44 is hinged with the end parts of the two main fixing racks 40, one end of the adjusting telescopic rod 45 is hinged with the upper end of the auxiliary fixing rack 41, and the other end of the adjusting telescopic rod 45 is hinged with the upper end of the triangular hanging rack 44.

The air-blowing seed metering device 6 is provided with a plurality of seed outlets.

The pre-slotting component 7 comprises a platform plate 70, a hinged plate 71, reinforcing limiting strips 72, a first rocker plate 73, a second rocker plate 74, a third rocker plate 75, a hinged shaft 76, a cylindrical rod 77, a pressure spring 78 and a pre-slotting disc 79, wherein the platform plate 70 is connected with the lower end of the auxiliary cross beam 2 through U-shaped bolts, the two hinged plates 71 are symmetrically welded with the lower end of the platform plate 70, the reinforcing limiting strips 72 are arranged in two and symmetrically welded with the upper end of the platform plate 70, the first rocker plate 73 is arranged in two and respectively hinged with the hinged plate 71 through a shaft sleeve 76-1 on the hinged shaft 76, the two sides of the second rocker plate 74 are respectively welded with the first rocker plate 73, the third rocker plate 75 is welded with the end of the second rocker plate 74, the cylindrical rod 77 is respectively provided with two pressure springs 78, the lower end of the cylindrical rod 77 passes through the platform plate 70 to be hinged with the third rocker plate 75, the upper end of the cylindrical rod 77 is symmetrically welded with the lower end of the pressure spring 78 through a small limiting pressure spring 78, the lower end of the pressure spring 78 is contacted with the platform plate 70, and the first rocker plate 73 is hinged with the first rocker plate 73.

And the rocker arm plate III 75 is provided with a limiting groove 75-1.

The ditching, seeding and compacting integrated machine 8 comprises a parallelogram connecting frame assembly 8-1, a seed metering mechanism 8-2, a ditching, seeding assembly 8-3, a double-press wheel mechanism 8-4 and a single-press wheel mechanism 8-5, wherein the parallelogram connecting frame assembly 8-1 is connected with the rear end of the main beam 1, the seed metering mechanism 8-2 is connected with the rear end of the parallelogram connecting frame assembly 8-1, the ditching, seeding assembly 8-3 is connected with the lower part of the seed metering mechanism 8-2, the double-press wheel mechanism 8-4 is connected with the lower part of the ditching, seeding assembly 8-3, and the single-press wheel mechanism 8-5 is connected with the rear end of the ditching, seeding assembly 8-3.

The parallelogram connecting frame assembly 8-1 comprises a front arm frame 8-10, a rear arm frame 8-11, an upper connecting rod 8-12, a lower connecting rod 8-13, an adjusting buckle 8-14, an upper cross rod 8-15, a lower cross rod 8-16 and a tension spring 8-17, wherein the front arm frame 8-10 is connected with the rear end of the main cross beam 1 through a U-shaped bolt, the upper connecting rod 8-12 is provided with two and symmetrically arranged, the lower connecting rod 8-13 is provided with two and symmetrically arranged, the front end of the upper connecting rod 8-12 is hinged above the front arm frame 8-10, the rear end of the upper connecting rod 8-12 is hinged above the rear arm frame 8-11, the front end of the lower connecting rod 8-13 is hinged below the front arm frame 8-10, the rear end of the lower connecting rod 8-13 is hinged below the rear arm frame 8-11, a plurality of adjusting holes 8-120 are formed in the upper connecting rod 8-12, the adjusting buckle 8-14 is connected with the bolt holes 8-120 through a plurality of adjusting buckles 8-120, the two ends of the upper cross rod 8-15 are respectively hinged with the adjusting buckle 8-14, the lower connecting rod 8-16 is respectively hooked with the two ends of the upper cross rod 8-16, the upper cross rod 8-16 is respectively connected with the lower cross rod 8-17 and the upper cross rod 8-17;

the seed metering mechanism 8-2 comprises a seed metering main frame 8-20, a seed metering auxiliary frame 8-21, a seed metering assembly 8-22 and a seed dropping pipe 8-23, wherein the seed metering main frame 8-20 is connected with the rear arm support 8-11, the seed metering auxiliary frame 8-21 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the seed metering main frame 8-20, the seed metering assembly 8-22 is connected with the seed metering auxiliary frame 8-21, and the upper end of the seed dropping pipe 8-23 is communicated and connected with the seed outlet end of the seed metering assembly 8-22; the rear end of the seed metering main frame 8-20 is provided with a single weight box 8-200;

the ditching and seeding assembly 8-3 comprises a seeding ditching frame 8-30, a formal ditching frame 8-31, a formal ditching disc 8-32, a ditching cutter plate assembly 8-33, a ditching shovel 8-34 and a seeding pipe 8-35, wherein the seeding ditching frame 8-30 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the rear end of the rear arm support 8-11, the formal ditching frame 8-31 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the front end of the rear arm support 8-11, the formal ditching disc 8-32 is hinged with the formal ditching frame 8-31, the ditching cutter plate assembly 8-33 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the front end of the seeding ditching frame 8-30, the ditching shovel 8-34 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the ditching cutter plate assembly 8-33, the upper end of the seeding pipe 8-35 is fixedly connected with the seeding ditching frame 8-30, and the lower end of the ditching cutter plate assembly 8-33 is fixedly connected with the front end of the seeding ditching pipe 8-35. Three inoculation openings are arranged at the upper ends of the sowing pipes 8-35 and are respectively communicated and connected with two air-blowing seed metering devices 6 and seed outlet ends of one seed metering assembly 8-22;

the double-press wheel mechanism 8-4 comprises a press wheel frame 8-40, a press wheel I8-41, a telescopic frame 8-42 and a locking handle 8-43, wherein the press wheel frame 8-40 is symmetrically provided with two press wheels and hinged with the rear end of the sowing ditching frame 8-30, the press wheel I8-41 is hinged with the press wheel frame 8-40, the telescopic frame 8-42 is hinged with the upper end of the sowing ditching frame 8-30, the lower end of the telescopic frame is inserted into the inner wall of the press wheel frame 8-40 to be in sliding connection, and the locking handle 8-43 is in reset connection with the upper end of the telescopic frame 8-42 through a spring and is locked with the upper end of the sowing ditching frame 8-30;

the single-press wheel mechanism 8-5 comprises a hinging seat 8-50, a connecting seat 8-51, a single-wheel frame 8-52, a press wheel two 8-53 and an adjusting screw rod 8-54, wherein the hinging seat 8-50 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the rear end of the sowing ditching frame 8-30, the connecting seat 8-51 is welded with the lower part of the rear end of the hinging seat 8-50, the single-wheel frame 8-52 is hinged with the hinging seat 8-50, the press wheel two 8-53 is hinged with the lower end of the single-wheel frame 8-52, the lower end of the adjusting screw rod 8-54 is connected with the middle of the single-wheel frame 8-52, and the upper end of the adjusting screw rod passes through the connecting seat 8-51 and is locked through a nut.

The pre-trenching disk 79 is positioned in-line with the official trenching disks 8-32.

The pre-ditching disks 79 are arranged in a staggered manner with the formal ditching disks 8-32.

The following describes specific modes of operation with specific examples:

example 1:

according to the air-blown forage no-tillage planter, two air-blown seed metering devices 6 are arranged, eight seed outlets are arranged on the air-blown seed metering devices 6, and the air-blown seed metering devices 6 are connected with the upper ends of the main beam 1 and the auxiliary beam 2 through hacks; three inoculation openings are arranged at the upper ends of the sowing pipes 8-35 and are respectively communicated and connected with two air-blowing seed metering devices 6 and seed outlet ends of one seed metering assembly 8-22; the air-blowing type seed metering device 6 corresponds to eight pre-ditching assemblies 7 and a ditching, sowing and compacting integrated machine 8, and two air-blowing type seed metering devices 6 and one seed metering assembly 8-22 respectively sow different types of grass seeds, so that the requirements of degraded grassland productivity and species diversity can be met.

Example 2:

according to the air-blown forage no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the adjusting buckles 8-14 on the upper connecting rod 8-12 are adjusted to the backward adjusting holes 8-120, so that the tension springs 8-17 between the upper cross rod 8-15 and the lower cross rod 8-16 are further lengthened, the acting force of the tension springs 8-17 on the upper cross rod 8-15 is increased through the upper connecting rod 8-12, the lower connecting rod 8-13 and the rear arm support 8-11, and the precompression of the whole seeding mechanism 8-2, the ditching and seeding assembly 8-3, the double-press-roller mechanism 8-4 and the single-press-roller mechanism 8-5 on a large-hardness grassland is increased, so that the precompression of ditching, seeding and pressing is enough, and the ditching depth is achieved.

In addition, the rear end of the seed metering main frame 8-20 is provided with a single weight box 8-200, and the seed metering main frame can be manually selected and assembled or can be marked and matched in order to meet the requirement that the sowing depth can be achieved in a soil environment with higher hardness. The monomer weight boxes 8-200 are internally provided with prefabricated cement blocks with the weight of 11 Kg/block, and are convenient to install and remove at any time according to the soil hardness environment.

Example 3:

the air-blowing type forage grass no-tillage planter comprises a platform plate 70, a hinged plate 71, reinforcing limiting strips 72, a first rocker plate 73, a second rocker plate 74, a third rocker plate 75, a hinged shaft 76, cylindrical rods 77, pressure springs 78 and a pre-ditching disc 79, wherein the platform plate 70 is connected with the lower end of an auxiliary cross beam 2 through U-shaped bolts, the hinged plate 71 is provided with two hinged plates and symmetrically welded with the lower end of the platform plate 70, the reinforcing limiting strips 72 are provided with two hinged plates and symmetrically welded with the upper end of the platform plate 70, the first rocker plate 73 is provided with two hinged plates and respectively hinged with the hinged plate 71 through shaft sleeves 76-1 on a hinged shaft 76, the two sides of the second rocker plate 74 are respectively welded with the first rocker plate 73, the third rocker plate 75 is welded with the end of the second rocker plate 74, the cylindrical rods 77 are provided with two and respectively pass through the pressure springs 78, the lower end of the cylindrical rods 77 pass through the platform plate 70 and are hinged with the third rocker plate 75, the upper ends of the cylindrical rods 77 are symmetrically welded with the upper ends of the small limiting plates 78 through the pressure springs 78, the lower ends of the flat plates 78 are contacted with the pressure springs 70, and the pre-ditching disc 73 is hinged with the first rocker plate 73.

The pretightening force of the pressure spring 78 is changed by downwards adjusting the small circular plate at the upper end of the cylindrical rod 77, so that pretightening force of the pretightening disc 79 on a grassland with high hardness is adjusted, the lodging primary grass on the surface of the grassland is cut once before the ditching is formally carried out, the lodging primary grass is not dragged and piled by the formally ditching disc 8-32, the ditching knife board assembly 8-33 and the ditching shovel 8-34, the ditching operation is ensured to be carried out continuously, and the ditching resistance is reduced.

The third rocker arm plate 75 is provided with a limiting groove 75-1, so that the first rocker arm plate 73 is prevented from carrying the pre-ditching disc 79 to swing forwards too much.

Example 4:

according to the air-blown pasture no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the ditching shovels 8-34 are inverted T-shaped ditching shovels to form an inverted T-shaped ditch, so that soil moisture is preserved, and the seeds can conveniently sprout through winter; the main seeding object is leguminous seeds, the soil disturbance is small, and the damage to the original vegetation of the grassland is small.

The ditching shovel 8-34 adopts a straight-bladed ditching shovel to form a vertical ditch, and has the advantages that under the condition of high soil hardness, the soil penetration depth can be ensured; the soil disturbance is small, and the damage to the original vegetation of the grassland is small. Is suitable for sowing gramineous seeds.

Example 5:

a sowing process of an air-blown pasture no-tillage planter, which comprises the following steps,

step S1: the pre-ditching is carried out, the downward pressure of the pre-ditching disc 79 is changed by adjusting the elastic restoring force of the pressure spring 78, and the cutting of the soil with high hardness and the surface lodging raw grass is realized;

step S2: the ditching and sowing are carried out, the formal ditching operation is carried out through a formal ditching disc 8-32 in a ditching and sowing assembly 8-3, and then ditching is carried out through a ditching cutter plate assembly 8-33 and a ditching shovel 8-34 below; simultaneously, the two air-blowing seed metering devices 6 and one seed metering assembly 8-22 realize the mixed sowing operation of various grass seeds, and the seeds fall into the ditches opened by the ditching shovel 8-34 through the pipeline and the sowing pipe 8-35;

step S3: the double pressing wheels press, the rotation angle of the expansion and contraction frames 8-42 is adjusted by releasing the locking handles 8-43 to adjust the gap between the two pressing wheels 8-41, so that the requirements of enough soil covering and pressing strength after sowing are met;

step S4: the single compacting wheel is used for compacting, and the compacting intensity of the second compacting wheel 8-53 is adjusted through the adjusting screw rod 8-54, so that the requirements of deep ditching, shallow soil covering and moderate compacting are met.

Wherein, the pre-ditching disc 79 and the formal ditching discs 8-32 are arranged in a collinear way, so that the ditching depth can be ensured.

The pre-ditching disc 79 and the formal ditching discs 8-32 are arranged in a staggered mode, and perform primary root cutting treatment on the primary grass, so that the growth of the primary grass is facilitated.

While the invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described, but is capable of numerous insubstantial modifications of the inventive concept and solution; or the invention is not improved, and the conception and the technical scheme are directly applied to other occasions and are all within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An air-blown forage no-tillage planter is characterized in that: the novel combined seed sowing and compacting machine comprises a main beam (1), auxiliary beams (2), side frames (3), traction rack assemblies (4), support wheel frame assemblies (5), air-blowing seed sowing devices (6), pre-ditching assemblies (7) and a ditching, sowing and compacting integrated machine (8), wherein the auxiliary beams (2) are arranged at the front end of the main beam (1), the two sides of the auxiliary beams are welded through the side frames (3), the traction rack assemblies (4) are connected with the main beam (1), the support wheel frame assemblies (5) are provided with two, the two support wheel frame assemblies are respectively and fixedly connected with the two ends of the main beam (1), the air-blowing seed sowing devices (6) are provided with two, the air-blowing seed sowing devices are connected with the upper ends between the main beam (1) and the auxiliary beams (2) through hack levers, the pre-ditching assemblies (7) are connected with the lower side of the auxiliary beams (2), and the ditching, sowing and compacting integrated machine (8) are connected with the rear side of the main beam (1).

The traction hanging rack assembly (4) comprises a main fixing rack (40), an auxiliary fixing rack (41), a coarse supporting rack (42), a fine supporting rack (43), a triangular hanging rack (44) and an adjusting telescopic rod (45), wherein the main fixing rack (40) is symmetrically provided with two parts and is respectively welded with a main cross beam (1), the auxiliary fixing rack (41) is arranged between the two main fixing racks (40) and is welded with the main cross beam (1), two ends of the coarse supporting rack (42) respectively penetrate through the main fixing racks (40) and are welded with the main fixing racks (40), the fine supporting rack (43) penetrates through the main fixing racks (40) and the auxiliary fixing racks (41) and is respectively welded with the main fixing racks (40) and the auxiliary fixing racks (41), one end of the triangular hanging rack (44) is hinged with the end parts of the two main fixing racks (40), and one end of the adjusting telescopic rod (45) is hinged with the upper end of the auxiliary fixing rack (41), and the other end of the adjusting telescopic rod is hinged with the upper end of the triangular hanging rack (44).

The air-blowing seed metering device (6) is provided with a plurality of seed outlets;

the pre-slotting component (7) comprises a platform plate (70), hinge plates (71), reinforcing limit slats (72), a first rocker arm plate (73), a second rocker arm plate (74), a third rocker arm plate (75), a hinge shaft (76), a cylindrical rod (77), a pressure spring (78) and a pre-slotting disc (79), wherein the platform plate (70) is connected with the lower end of an auxiliary cross beam (2) through U-shaped bolts, the hinge plates (71) are provided with two hinge plates and symmetrically welded with the lower end of the platform plate (70), the reinforcing limit slats (72) are provided with two hinge plates and symmetrically welded with the upper end of the platform plate (70), the first rocker arm plate (73) is provided with two hinge plates (71) respectively, two sides of the second rocker arm plate (74) are respectively welded with the first rocker arm plate (73), the third rocker arm plate (75) is welded with the end of the second rocker arm plate (74), the cylindrical rod (77) is provided with two hinge plates respectively, the lower end of the cylindrical rod (77) penetrates through the pressure spring (78), the lower end of the cylindrical rod (77) penetrates through the third rocker arm plate (77) and is in contact with the lower end of the cylindrical rod (78) through the lower end of the cylindrical plate (78), the pre-ditching disc (79) is hinged with the rocker arm plate I (73);

a limiting groove (75-1) is formed in the rocker arm plate III (75);

the ditching, seeding and compacting integrated machine (8) comprises a parallelogram connecting frame assembly (8-1), a seed metering mechanism (8-2), a ditching and seeding assembly (8-3), a double-pressing wheel mechanism (8-4) and a single-pressing wheel mechanism (8-5), wherein the parallelogram connecting frame assembly (8-1) is connected with the rear end of a main cross beam (1), the seed metering mechanism (8-2) is connected with the rear end of the parallelogram connecting frame assembly (8-1), the ditching and seeding assembly (8-3) is connected with the lower part of the seed metering mechanism (8-2), the double-pressing wheel mechanism (8-4) is connected with the lower part of the ditching and seeding assembly (8-3), and the single-pressing wheel mechanism (8-5) is connected with the rear end of the ditching and seeding assembly (8-3);

the parallelogram connecting frame component (8-1) comprises a front arm frame (8-10), a rear arm frame (8-11), an upper connecting rod (8-12), a lower connecting rod (8-13), an adjusting buckle (8-14), an upper cross rod (8-15), a lower cross rod (8-16) and a tension spring (8-17), wherein the front arm frame (8-10) is connected with the rear end of the main cross beam (1) through U-shaped bolts, the upper connecting rod (8-12) is provided with two symmetrically arranged lower connecting rods (8-13) and is provided with two symmetrically arranged, the front end of the upper connecting rod (8-12) is hinged above the front arm frame (8-10), the rear end of the upper connecting rod (8-12) is hinged above the rear arm frame (8-11), the front end of the lower connecting rod (8-13) is hinged below the front arm frame (8-10), the rear end of the lower connecting rod (8-13) is hinged below the rear arm frame (8-11), a plurality of holes (8-12) are formed in the upper connecting rod (8-12), the adjusting buckle (8-14) is connected with the two ends of the adjusting bolts (8-120) through the adjusting bolts (8-14), two ends of the lower cross rod (8-16) are respectively welded with the lower connecting rod (8-13), the upper end of the tension spring (8-17) is hooked on the upper cross rod (8-15), and the lower end of the tension spring is hooked on the lower cross rod (8-16);

the seed metering mechanism (8-2) comprises a seed metering main frame (8-20), a seed metering auxiliary frame (8-21), a seed metering assembly (8-22) and a seed dropping pipe (8-23), wherein the seed metering main frame (8-20) is connected with a rear arm support (8-11), the seed metering auxiliary frame (8-21) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the seed metering main frame (8-20), the seed metering assembly (8-22) is connected with the seed metering auxiliary frame (8-21), and the upper end of the seed dropping pipe (8-23) is communicated with the seed outlet end of the seed metering assembly (8-22); the rear end of the seed metering main frame (8-20) is provided with a single weight box (8-200);

the ditching and seeding assembly (8-3) comprises a seeding ditching frame (8-30), a formal ditching frame (8-31), a formal ditching disc (8-32), a ditching cutter plate assembly (8-33), a ditching shovel (8-34) and a seeding pipe (8-35), wherein the seeding ditching frame (8-30) is tightly connected with the lower part of the rear end of the rear arm frame (8-11), the formal ditching frame (8-31) is tightly connected with the lower part of the front end of the rear arm frame (8-11), the formal ditching disc (8-32) is hinged with the formal ditching frame (8-31), the ditching cutter plate assembly (8-33) is tightly connected with the lower part of the front end of the seeding frame (8-30), the ditching shovel (8-34) is tightly connected with the lower part of the ditching cutter plate assembly (8-33), and the upper end of the seeding pipe (8-35) is tightly connected with the seeding frame (8-30); three inoculation openings are arranged at the upper end of the sowing pipe (8-35) and are respectively communicated and connected with two air-blowing seed metering devices (6) and the seed outlet end of one seed metering component (8-22);

the double-press wheel mechanism (8-4) comprises a press wheel frame (8-40), a press wheel I (8-41), a telescopic frame (8-42) and a locking handle (8-43), wherein the press wheel frame (8-40) is symmetrically provided with two press wheel frames and hinged with the rear end of the sowing ditching frame (8-30), the press wheel I (8-41) is hinged with the press wheel frame (8-40), the telescopic frame (8-42) is hinged with the upper end of the sowing ditching frame (8-30), the lower end of the telescopic frame is inserted into the inner wall of the press wheel frame (8-40) to be connected in a sliding mode, and the locking handle (8-43) is in reset connection with the upper end of the telescopic frame (8-42) through a spring and is locked at the upper end of the sowing ditching frame (8-30);

the single-press wheel mechanism (8-5) comprises a hinging seat (8-50), a connecting seat (8-51), a single-wheel frame (8-52), a press wheel II (8-53) and an adjusting screw (8-54), wherein the hinging seat (8-50) is fixedly connected with the lower part of the rear end of the sowing ditching frame (8-30), the connecting seat (8-51) is welded with the lower part of the rear end of the hinging seat (8-50), the single-wheel frame (8-52) is hinged with the hinging seat (8-50), the press wheel II (8-53) is hinged with the lower end of the single-wheel frame (8-52), the lower end of the adjusting screw (8-54) is connected with the middle of the single-wheel frame (8-52), and the upper end of the adjusting screw penetrates through the connecting seat (8-51) and is locked through a nut.

2. An air blown pasture no-tillage planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pre-ditching disc (79) and the formal ditching discs (8-32) are arranged in a collinear way.

3. An air blown pasture no-tillage planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pre-ditching disc (79) and the formal ditching disc (8-32) are arranged in a staggered mode.