CN114914475B - Electric pile heat management method for proton film fuel cell - Google Patents
Electric pile heat management method for proton film fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114914475B CN114914475B CN202210739265.8A CN202210739265A CN114914475B CN 114914475 B CN114914475 B CN 114914475B CN 202210739265 A CN202210739265 A CN 202210739265A CN 114914475 B CN114914475 B CN 114914475B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
A pile thermal management method of proton membrane fuel cell includes filling liquid-gas phase change working medium in pile thermal management system and making filling quantity reach optimum filling quantity; when the electric pile thermal management system works, after the heater is controlled and the pressure of the liquid-gas phase change working medium in the electric pile thermal management system reaches 0.4 MPa-0.405 MPa, the temperature values of the first temperature-pressure sensor and the second temperature-pressure sensor are kept at 70-71 ℃ through the heater, the mechanical pump and the electromagnetic flow valve, and the flow value of the flowmeter is kept at 20-30% of the output flow value of the mechanical pump. The temperature of the liquid-gas phase change working medium in the electric pile phase change cold plates is the same, and the surface temperature of all cold plates is high, so that the working temperature of an exchange membrane in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is kept between 70 and 90 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a proton membrane fuel cell, in particular to a stack heat management method of the proton membrane fuel cell.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a fuel cell stack, is taken as a real green environment-friendly energy source, and has extremely high theoretical specific energy (for a hydrogen-air system, the theoretical specific energy is as high as 32940WhP kg and is far greater than any chemical power supply in the prior art), so that the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is considered as one of the most main energy supply sources of future vehicles, distributed power stations, various electronic products and the like. The electric pile of proton exchange film fuel cell has high requirement for temperature and water content, and the working temperature of the exchange film is 70-90 deg.c, and the water content and conductivity of the fuel cell are lowered sharply.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for electric pile heat management of a proton membrane fuel cell, which aims to keep the working temperature of an exchange membrane in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell at 70-90 ℃.
The electric pile thermal management method of the proton membrane fuel cell comprises an electric pile thermal management system, wherein the electric pile thermal management system comprises an electric pile phase change cold plate arranged in an electric pile, a plurality of independent flow channels are arranged in the electric pile phase change cold plate, electromagnetic flow valves are arranged on liquid inlets of the flow channels, first temperature and pressure sensors are arranged on liquid outlets of the flow channels, the liquid outlets of the flow channels are communicated with a gas-liquid separator, the liquid outlets of the lower part of the gas-liquid separator are communicated with the electromagnetic flow valves after passing through a flowmeter, a filter, a mechanical pump and a second temperature and pressure sensor in sequence, an expansion tank is arranged on a pipeline between the mechanical pump and the filter, a heater is arranged on the pipeline and the expansion tank, and an air outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the liquid inlet of the filter after passing through a condenser;
filling liquid-gas phase change working medium in the electric pile thermal management system and enabling the filling quantity to reach the optimal filling quantity; when the electric pile thermal management system works, after the heater is controlled and the pressure of the liquid-gas phase change working medium in the electric pile thermal management system reaches 0.4MPa to 0.405MPa, the temperature values of the first temperature-pressure sensor and the second temperature-pressure sensor are kept at 70 ℃ to 71 ℃ through the heater, the mechanical pump and the electromagnetic flow valve, and the flow value of the flowmeter is kept at 20% -30% of the output flow value of the mechanical pump.
Further: the optimal filling amount is that the electric pile phase-change cold plate is in a working condition environment of 55 ℃, liquid-gas phase-change working medium is filled in the electric pile thermal management system, an initial amount of liquid-gas phase-change working medium circularly flows in the electric pile thermal management system, the liquid-gas phase-change working medium is filled in the electric pile thermal management system after the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors is stable, the liquid-gas phase-change working medium is stopped being filled in the electric pile thermal management system until the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors is smaller than A, and the value of A is between 0.1 ℃ and 1 ℃.
In order to avoid the short circuit of the proton membrane fuel cell caused by leakage of the liquid-gas phase change working medium, the method further comprises the following steps: the liquid-gas phase change working medium is an insulating material.
Further: the liquid-gas phase change working medium is R134a, R113, R11, R407c or R410A.
Because the liquid working medium can contain metal impurities after circulation, in order to avoid the influence of the impurities on the service life of the mechanical pump, the method further comprises the following steps: the filtering precision of the filter is smaller than 60um.
In order to avoid damage to the mechanical pump due to large hydraulic pressure at the liquid inlet of the mechanical pump, the method further comprises the following steps: and a safety valve is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mechanical pump.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser, further: the condenser is characterized in that a capillary structure is arranged in the heat exchange flat tube of the condenser, in actual work, a liquid working medium flows in the capillary structure, a gas working medium flows in a large space in the heat exchange flat tube, and two-phase flow liquid realizes gas-liquid separation under a working state, so that mutual interference between gas and liquid in heat exchange with the outside is avoided, and the heat exchange efficiency is remarkably improved.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the galvanic pile phase change cold plate, the method further comprises the following steps: and a capillary structure is arranged in the flow channel.
Further: the capillary structure is formed by micro-channels or a sintered wire mesh or a sintered core.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the temperature of the liquid-gas phase change working medium in the electric pile phase change cold plates is the same, and the surface temperature of all cold plates is uniform and high, so that the working temperature of an exchange membrane in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is kept between 70 and 90 ℃, and the cell is kept to work under ideal temperature conditions; the liquid-gas phase change working medium is matched with the electric pile phase change cold plate with the capillary structure, so that the temperature uniformity of the electric pile in the operation process is ensured, the cooling effect of the electric pile of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is improved, and the heat capacity and the service life of the electric pile of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system configuration diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a mechanical pump; 2. a safety valve; 3. a second temperature and pressure sensor; 4. an electromagnetic flow valve; 5. pile phase change cold plate; 6. a first temperature and pressure sensor; 7. a controller; 8. a gas-liquid separator; 10. a condenser; 11. a filter; 12. a liquid injection valve; 13. an expansion tank; 14. a heater; 15. a flow meter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The terms left, middle, right, upper, lower, etc. in the examples of the present invention are merely relative concepts or references to the normal use state of the product, and should not be construed as limiting.
The stack heat management method of the proton membrane fuel cell comprises a stack heat management system, wherein the stack heat management system comprises a stack phase change cold plate 5 arranged in a stack, a plurality of independent flow channels are arranged in the stack phase change cold plate 5, capillary structures are arranged in the flow channels, electromagnetic flow valves 4 are arranged on liquid inlets of each flow channel, a first temperature and pressure sensor 6 is arranged on a liquid outlet of each flow channel, the liquid outlets of the flow channels are communicated with a gas-liquid separator 8, a liquid outlet at the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 8 is communicated with each electromagnetic flow valve 4 after passing through a flowmeter 15, a filter 11, a mechanical pump 1 and a second temperature and pressure sensor 3 in sequence, an expansion tank 13 is arranged on a pipeline between the mechanical pump 1 and the filter 11, liquid-gas phase change working media in a saturated state are filled in the expansion tank 13, a heater 14 is arranged on the pipeline and the expansion tank 13, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the filter 11 after passing through a condenser 10. The expansion tank 13 is filled with a gas-state and liquid-state working medium in a saturated state, the expansion tank 13 is used for controlling and regulating the working temperature and pressure of the liquid-gas phase-change working medium in the electric pile thermal management system, the gas-state and liquid-state working medium in the expansion tank 13 is heated, and after the liquid-gas phase-change working medium is heated, the saturation temperature and pressure of the liquid-gas phase-change working medium in the electric pile thermal management system are increased, namely the liquid-state working medium is changed into the gas state, the pressure of the gas-state working medium is increased, and the pressure of the liquid-state working medium is also increased; wherein the filtering precision of the filter 11 is less than 60um. A safety valve 2 is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mechanical pump 1. A capillary structure is arranged in the heat exchange flat tube of the condenser 10, and the capillary structure is formed by a micro-channel or a sintering silk screen or a sintering core;
filling liquid-gas phase change working medium in the electric pile thermal management system, enabling the filling quantity to reach the optimal filling quantity, and filling the liquid-gas phase change working medium into the electric pile thermal management system through a liquid filling valve 12 of an expansion tank 13; when the electric pile thermal management system works, after the heater is controlled and the pressure of the liquid-gas phase change working medium in the electric pile thermal management system reaches 0.4MPa to 0.405MPa, the temperature values of the first temperature-pressure sensor 6 and the second temperature-pressure sensor 3 are kept at 70 ℃ to 71 ℃ through the heater 14, the mechanical pump 1 and the electromagnetic flow valve 4, the flow value of the flowmeter 15 is kept at 20% -30% of the output flow value of the mechanical pump 1, and the excessive flow indicates that the system margin is too large and uneconomical; the too small flow can bring a certain heat dissipation risk, and the temperature of the electric pile can be too high under extreme conditions; the liquid working medium enters the pile phase-change cold plate 5 to absorb heat generated by the pile during operation, and about 70-80% of the liquid-gas phase-change working medium absorbs heat and changes phase into a gas-liquid mixture, so that the temperature of the pile of the proton membrane fuel cell is ensured to be 70-90 ℃ in the operation process, the temperature uniformity of the pile of the proton membrane fuel cell in the operation process is ensured, the cooling effect of the pile of the proton membrane fuel cell is improved, and the pile heat capacity and the service life of the proton membrane fuel cell are improved. The working temperature and pressure stability of the electric pile thermal management system are ensured through the condenser and the heater.
Summarizing: when the phase change pressure and the accompanying temperature change synchronously, and when the phase change pressure exceeds a certain range and the pressure is higher, the working temperature of the electric pile is higher, and the stability is poorer. When the pressure is lower, the operating temperature of the pile is better, but the cost is higher, and the feasibility is poorer.
The optimal filling amount is that the electric pile phase-change cold plate is in a working condition environment of 55 ℃, liquid-gas phase-change working medium is filled in the electric pile thermal management system, an initial amount of liquid-gas phase-change working medium circularly flows in the electric pile thermal management system, the liquid-gas phase-change working medium is filled in the electric pile thermal management system after the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors 6 is stable, the liquid-gas phase-change working medium is stopped being filled in the electric pile thermal management system until the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors 6 is smaller than A, and the value of A is between 0.1 ℃ and 1 ℃. The temperature of the working medium in the electric pile phase change cold plate 5 is the same, the surface temperature of the electric pile phase change cold plate 5 is almost the same, the battery is ensured to work under the ideal temperature condition, the filling amount at the moment is the optimal filling amount, and when the electric pile phase change cold plate works at 55 ℃, the temperature difference of the working medium can be kept in a very small range, so that the waste caused by too much filling is avoided, the high working temperature of the electric pile caused by too little filling is avoided, and the safe and stable operation of the system can be ensured. The liquid-gas phase change working medium is an insulating material, the liquid-gas phase change working medium is R134a, R113, R11, R407c or R410A, the mechanical pump 1 provides driving force for the liquid-gas phase change working medium, so that the liquid-gas phase change working medium flows in other parts in the electric pile thermal management system, the liquid-gas phase change working medium absorbs heat through the electric pile phase change cold plate 5 and is changed into a two-phase gas-liquid mixed working medium, the two-phase gas-liquid mixed working medium enters the gas-liquid separator 8, the liquid working medium is separated out and enters the filter 11, the gaseous working medium enters the condenser 10 and is cooled into the liquid working medium by the ambient atmosphere and then enters the filter 11, and the liquid working medium generated after passing through the condenser 10 and the liquid working medium separated out through the gas-liquid separator 8 are converged and then enter the filter 11 for filtering, so that the fluid cleanliness is higher than 60 mu m, and then returns to the mechanical pump 1, and thus a cycle is completed.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A method for stack thermal management of a proton membrane fuel cell, characterized by: the electric pile heat management system comprises an electric pile phase change cold plate arranged in an electric pile, wherein independent multiple flow channels are arranged in the electric pile phase change cold plate, electromagnetic flow valves are arranged on liquid inlets of the flow channels, first temperature-pressure sensors are arranged on liquid outlets of the flow channels, liquid outlets of the flow channels are communicated with a gas-liquid separator, the liquid outlets of the lower parts of the gas-liquid separator are communicated with the electromagnetic flow valves after passing through a flowmeter, a filter, a mechanical pump and a second temperature-pressure sensor in sequence, an expansion tank is arranged on a pipeline between the mechanical pump and the filter, a heater is arranged on the pipeline and the expansion tank, and an air outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the liquid inlet of the filter after passing through the condenser; filling liquid-gas phase change working medium in the electric pile thermal management system and enabling the filling quantity to reach the optimal filling quantity; when the electric pile thermal management system works, after the heater is controlled and the pressure of the liquid-gas phase change working medium in the electric pile thermal management system reaches 0.4-0.405 MPa, the temperature values of the first temperature-pressure sensor and the second temperature-pressure sensor are kept at 70-71 ℃ through the heater, the mechanical pump and the electromagnetic flow valve, and the flow value of the flowmeter is kept at 20-30% of the output flow value of the mechanical pump; the optimal filling amount is that the electric pile phase-change cold plate is in a working condition environment of 55 ℃, liquid-gas phase-change working medium is filled in the electric pile thermal management system, an initial amount of liquid-gas phase-change working medium circularly flows in the electric pile thermal management system, the liquid-gas phase-change working medium is filled in the electric pile thermal management system after the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors is stable, the liquid-gas phase-change working medium is stopped being filled in the electric pile thermal management system until the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors is smaller than A, and the value of A is between 0.1 ℃ and 1 ℃.
2. A method of stack thermal management for a proton membrane fuel cell as recited in claim 1, wherein: the liquid-gas phase change working medium is an insulating material.
3. A method of stack thermal management for a proton membrane fuel cell as recited in claim 1, wherein: the liquid-gas phase change working medium is R134a, R113, R11, R407c or R410A.
4. A method of stack thermal management for a proton membrane fuel cell as recited in claim 1, wherein: the filter has a filtration accuracy of less than 60 μm.
5. A method of stack thermal management for a proton membrane fuel cell as recited in claim 1, wherein: and a safety valve is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mechanical pump.
6. A method of stack thermal management for a proton membrane fuel cell as recited in claim 1, wherein: and a capillary structure is arranged in the heat exchange flat tube of the condenser.
7. A method of stack thermal management for a proton membrane fuel cell as recited in claim 1, wherein: and a capillary structure is arranged in the flow channel.
8. A method of stack thermal management for a proton membrane fuel cell as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein: the capillary structure is formed by micro-channels or a sintered wire mesh or a sintered core.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210739265.8A CN114914475B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Electric pile heat management method for proton film fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210739265.8A CN114914475B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Electric pile heat management method for proton film fuel cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114914475A CN114914475A (en) | 2022-08-16 |
| CN114914475B true CN114914475B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007324071A (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell system |
| CN104934619A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-23 | 西南交通大学 | Thermal management system of water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell and control method of thermal management system |
| CN206875753U (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-01-12 | 武汉地质资源环境工业技术研究院有限公司 | Hydrogen Energy and the heat pump of solar energy complementation |
| CN109167087A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 新乡市特美特热控技术股份有限公司 | Fuel cell air management system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6766638B2 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2020-10-14 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel cell cooling system |
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- 2022-06-28 CN CN202210739265.8A patent/CN114914475B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007324071A (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell system |
| CN104934619A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-23 | 西南交通大学 | Thermal management system of water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell and control method of thermal management system |
| CN206875753U (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-01-12 | 武汉地质资源环境工业技术研究院有限公司 | Hydrogen Energy and the heat pump of solar energy complementation |
| CN109167087A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 新乡市特美特热控技术股份有限公司 | Fuel cell air management system |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 燃料电池发动机系统计算分析;肖合林等;武汉理工大学学报;第26期(第05期);第64-67页 * |
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