CN114914475A - Electric pile heat management method of proton membrane fuel cell - Google Patents
Electric pile heat management method of proton membrane fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114914475A CN114914475A CN202210739265.8A CN202210739265A CN114914475A CN 114914475 A CN114914475 A CN 114914475A CN 202210739265 A CN202210739265 A CN 202210739265A CN 114914475 A CN114914475 A CN 114914475A
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
A pile heat management method of proton membrane fuel cell, including filling liquid-gas phase change working medium in pile heat management system and making the filling amount reach the best filling amount; when the galvanic pile thermal management system works, the heater is controlled, the pressure of a liquid-gas phase change working medium in the galvanic pile thermal management system reaches 0.4-0.405 MPa, the temperature values of the first temperature-pressure sensor and the second temperature-pressure sensor are kept at 70-71 ℃ through the heater, the mechanical pump and the electromagnetic flow valve, and the flow value of the flowmeter is kept at 20-30% of the output flow value of the mechanical pump. The temperature of liquid-gas phase change working media in the phase change cold plates of the electric pile is the same, the surface temperature of all the cold plates is consistent and high, and the working temperature of an exchange membrane in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is kept at 70-90 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a proton membrane fuel cell, in particular to a stack heat management method of the proton membrane fuel cell.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a fuel cell stack, is a real green and environment-friendly energy source, and has extremely high theoretical specific energy (for a hydrogen-air system, the theoretical specific energy is up to 32940WhP kg, which is far greater than that of any other existing chemical power source) which is considered as one of the most main energy supply sources for future vehicles, distributed power stations, various electronic products and the like. The temperature and water content of the pile of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell are high, the working temperature of the exchange membrane is 70-90 ℃, the water content of the exchange membrane is rapidly reduced when the temperature is exceeded, and the conductivity is rapidly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a pile heat management method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, aiming at keeping the working temperature of an exchange membrane in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell at 70-90 ℃.
A pile heat management method of a proton membrane fuel cell comprises a pile heat management system, wherein the pile heat management system comprises a pile phase change cold plate arranged in a pile, a plurality of independent flow channels are arranged in the pile phase change cold plate, an electromagnetic flow valve is arranged on the liquid inlet of each flow passage, a first temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the liquid outlet of each flow passage, the liquid outlets of the flow channels are communicated with a gas-liquid separator, the liquid outlet at the lower part of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with each electromagnetic flow valve after passing through a flowmeter, a filter, a mechanical pump and a second temperature and pressure sensor in sequence, an expansion tank is arranged on a pipeline between the mechanical pump and the filter, a heater is arranged on the pipeline and the expansion tank, the air outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the liquid inlet of the filter after passing through the condenser;
the electric pile heat management method comprises the steps of filling liquid-gas phase change working media into the electric pile heat management system and enabling the filling amount to reach the optimal filling amount; when the galvanic pile thermal management system works, the heater is controlled, the pressure of a liquid-gas phase change working medium in the galvanic pile thermal management system reaches 0.4-0.405 MPa, the temperature values of the first temperature-pressure sensor and the second temperature-pressure sensor are kept at 70-71 ℃ through the heater, the mechanical pump and the electromagnetic flow valve, and the flow value of the flow meter is kept at 20-30% of the output flow value of the mechanical pump.
Further: the optimal charging amount is that the phase change cold plate of the electric pile is in a working condition environment of 55 ℃, liquid-gas phase change working medium is charged into the electric pile heat management system, the initial amount of liquid-gas phase change working medium circularly flows in the electric pile heat management system, the liquid-gas phase change working medium is charged into the electric pile heat management system after the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors is stable, the liquid-gas phase change working medium is stopped being charged into the electric pile heat management system until the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors is smaller than A, and the value of A is between 0.1 ℃ and 1 ℃.
In order to avoid the short circuit of the proton membrane fuel cell caused by the leakage of the liquid-gas phase change working medium, further: the liquid-gas phase change working medium is an insulating material.
Further: the liquid-gas phase change working medium is R134a, or R113, or R11, or R407c, or R410A.
Because the liquid working medium can contain metal impurities after circulation, in order to avoid the influence of the impurities on the service life of the mechanical pump, the method further comprises the following steps: the filtration precision of the filter is less than 60 um.
In order to avoid the great damage mechanical pump of hydraulic pressure of mechanical pump inlet department, further: and a safety valve is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mechanical pump.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser, further: a capillary structure is arranged in the heat exchange flat tube of the condenser, in actual work, a liquid working medium flows in the capillary structure, a gas working medium flows in a large space in the heat exchange flat tube, gas-liquid separation of two-phase flow liquid in a working state is achieved, mutual interference of gas and liquid in heat exchange with the outside is avoided, and heat exchange efficiency is remarkably improved.
For the heat exchange efficiency who improves the pile phase transition cold drawing, further: the flow channel is internally provided with a capillary structure.
Further: the capillary structure is formed by microchannels or sintered wire mesh or sintered wick.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the temperature of liquid-gas phase change working media in the phase change cold plates of the electric pile is the same, the surface temperature of all the cold plates is consistent and high, so that the working temperature of an exchange membrane in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is kept at 70-90 ℃, and the cell is kept to work under an ideal temperature condition; the liquid-gas phase change working medium is matched with the electric pile phase change cold plate with the capillary structure, so that the temperature uniformity of the electric pile in the operation process is ensured, the cooling effect of the electric pile of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is improved, the heat capacity of the electric pile of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is improved, and the service life of the electric pile of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a mechanical pump; 2. a safety valve; 3. a second temperature and pressure sensor; 4. an electromagnetic flow valve; 5. a phase change cold plate of the electric pile; 6. a first temperature and pressure sensor; 7. a controller; 8. a gas-liquid separator; 10. a condenser; 11. a filter; 12. a liquid injection valve; 13. an expansion tank; 14. a heater; 15. a flow meter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention. The terms of orientation such as left, center, right, up, down, etc. in the examples of the present invention are only relative to each other or are referred to the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.
A thermopile heat management method of a proton membrane fuel cell comprises a thermopile heat management system, wherein the thermopile heat management system comprises a thermopile phase change cold plate 5 arranged in a thermopile, a plurality of independent flow channels are arranged in the thermopile phase change cold plate 5, capillary structures are arranged in the flow channels, an electromagnetic flow valve 4 is arranged on a liquid inlet of each flow channel, a first temperature and pressure sensor 6 is arranged on a liquid outlet of each flow channel, the liquid outlets of the flow channels are communicated with a gas-liquid separator 8, a liquid outlet at the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 8 is communicated with each electromagnetic flow valve 4 after sequentially passing through a flow meter 15, a filter 11, a mechanical pump 1 and a second temperature and pressure sensor 3, an expansion tank 13 is arranged on a pipeline between the mechanical pump 1 and the filter 11, and liquid-gas phase change working media in a saturated state are filled in the expansion tank 13, and a heater 14 is arranged on the pipeline and the expansion tank 13, and the air outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the filter 11 after passing through the condenser 10. The expansion tank 13 is filled with saturated gaseous and liquid working media, the expansion tank 13 is used for controlling and adjusting the working temperature and pressure of the liquid-gas phase change working media in the galvanic pile heat management system, the gaseous and liquid working media in the expansion tank 13 are heated, and after the liquid-gas phase change working media are heated, the saturated temperature and pressure of the liquid-gas phase change working media in the galvanic pile heat management system are increased, namely the liquid working media are changed into gaseous, the pressure of the gaseous working media is increased, and the pressure of the liquid working media is also increased; wherein the filtering precision of the filter 11 is less than 60 um. A safety valve 2 is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mechanical pump 1. A capillary structure is arranged in the heat exchange flat tube of the condenser 10, and the capillary structure is formed by a micro-channel or a sintered wire mesh or a sintered core;
the method for the thermal management of the galvanic pile comprises the steps of filling liquid-gas phase change working media into the thermal management system of the galvanic pile, enabling the filling amount to reach the optimal filling amount, and filling the liquid-gas phase change working media into the thermal management system of the galvanic pile through a liquid injection valve 12 of an expansion tank 13; when the galvanic pile thermal management system works, after the heater is controlled and the pressure of a liquid-gas phase change working medium in the galvanic pile thermal management system reaches 0.4 MPa-0.405 MPa, the temperature values of the first temperature and pressure sensor 6 and the second temperature and pressure sensor 3 are kept at 70-71 ℃ through the heater 14, the mechanical pump 1 and the electromagnetic flow valve 4, the flow value of the flowmeter 15 is kept at 20-30% of the output flow value of the mechanical pump 1, and if the flow is too large, the system margin is too large and uneconomical; the flow is too small, certain heat dissipation risk can be brought, and the temperature of the electric pile can be too high under extreme conditions; the liquid working medium enters the electric pile phase change cold plate 5 to absorb heat generated during the operation of the electric pile, about 70-80% of the liquid-gas phase change working medium absorbs heat and changes into a gas-liquid mixture, so that the electric pile of the proton membrane fuel cell is at a working temperature of 70-90 ℃ during the operation process, the temperature uniformity of the electric pile of the proton membrane fuel cell during the operation process is ensured, the cooling effect of the electric pile of the proton membrane fuel cell is improved, the electric pile heat capacity of the proton membrane fuel cell is improved, and the service life of the electric pile of the proton membrane fuel cell is prolonged. The working temperature and pressure of the pile heat management system are stable through the condenser and the heater.
To summarize: when the phase change pressure and the accompanying temperature change synchronously, and when the phase change pressure exceeds a certain range and the pressure is higher, the working temperature of the galvanic pile is higher, and the stability is poorer. When the pressure is lower, the working temperature of the galvanic pile is better, but the cost is higher and the feasibility of implementation is poorer.
The optimal charging amount is that the phase change cold plate of the electric pile is in a working condition environment of 55 ℃, liquid-gas phase change working medium is charged into the electric pile heat management system, the initial amount of liquid-gas phase change working medium circularly flows in the electric pile heat management system, the liquid-gas phase change working medium is charged into the electric pile heat management system after the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors 6 is stable, the liquid-gas phase change working medium is stopped being charged into the electric pile heat management system until the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors 6 is smaller than A, and the value of A is between 0.1 ℃ and 1 ℃. 5 inside working medium temperatures of pile phase transition cold drawing are the same, 5 surface temperature of pile phase transition cold drawing are unanimous almost, guaranteed that the battery works under the temperature condition of comparison ideal, the volume of filling at this moment is the best volume of filling, at the during operation under 55 ℃, the working medium difference in temperature can keep at minimum within range, can not fill the waste that the excessive bringing of notes like this, also can not fill the pile operating temperature that the notes caused too little and be higher than normal, can guarantee the operation of system safety and stability. The liquid-gas phase change working medium is an insulating material, the liquid-gas phase change working medium is R134a or R113, or R11, or R407c, or R410A, the mechanical pump 1 provides driving force for the liquid-gas phase change working medium to make the liquid-gas phase change working medium flow in other parts in the galvanic pile thermal management system, the liquid-gas phase change working medium absorbs heat through the galvanic pile phase change cold plate 5 and then changes into two-phase liquid-gas mixed working medium, the two-phase liquid-gas mixed working medium enters the gas-liquid separator 8, the liquid working medium is separated out and enters the filter 11, the gaseous working medium enters the condenser 10 and is cooled into the liquid working medium by the ambient atmosphere and then enters the filter 11, the liquid working medium generated after passing through the condenser 10 and the liquid working medium separated out by the gas-liquid separator 8 are merged and then enter the filter 11 for filtering, so that the fluid cleanliness is higher than 60 μm and then back to the mechanical pump 1, thereby completing one cycle.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A method for managing the heat of a stack of a proton membrane fuel cell, comprising: the device comprises a galvanic pile heat management system, wherein the galvanic pile heat management system comprises a galvanic pile phase change cold plate arranged in a galvanic pile, a plurality of independent flow channels are arranged in the galvanic pile phase change cold plate, an electromagnetic flow valve is arranged on a liquid inlet of each flow channel, a first temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a liquid outlet of each flow channel, the liquid outlets of the flow channels are communicated with a gas-liquid separator, the liquid outlet at the lower part of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with each electromagnetic flow valve after sequentially passing through a flow meter, a filter, a mechanical pump and a second temperature and pressure sensor, an expansion tank is arranged on a pipeline between the mechanical pump and the filter, heaters are arranged on the pipeline and the expansion tank, and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the liquid inlet of the filter after passing through a condenser; the electric pile heat management method comprises the steps of filling liquid-gas phase change working media into the electric pile heat management system and enabling the filling amount to reach the optimal filling amount; when the galvanic pile thermal management system works, the heater is controlled, the pressure of a liquid-gas phase change working medium in the galvanic pile thermal management system reaches 0.4-0.405 MPa, the temperature values of the first temperature-pressure sensor and the second temperature-pressure sensor are kept at 70-71 ℃ through the heater, the mechanical pump and the electromagnetic flow valve, and the flow value of the flow meter is kept at 20-30% of the output flow value of the mechanical pump.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the following components: the optimal charging amount is that the phase change cold plate of the electric pile is in a working condition environment of 55 ℃, liquid-gas phase change working medium is charged into the electric pile heat management system, the initial amount of liquid-gas phase change working medium circularly flows in the electric pile heat management system, the liquid-gas phase change working medium is charged into the electric pile heat management system after the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors is stable, the liquid-gas phase change working medium is stopped being charged into the electric pile heat management system until the temperature difference between the first temperature and pressure sensors is smaller than A, and the value of A is between 0.1 ℃ and 1 ℃.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the following components: the liquid-gas phase change working medium is an insulating material.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the following components: the liquid-gas phase change working medium is R134a, or R113, or R11, or R407c, or R410A.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the following components: the filtration precision of the filter is less than 60 um.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the following components: and a safety valve is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mechanical pump.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the following components: and a capillary structure is arranged in the heat exchange flat tube of the condenser.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the following components: the flow channel is internally provided with a capillary structure.
9. The method for stack thermal management of a proton membrane fuel cell according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: the capillary structure is formed by microchannels or sintered wire mesh or sintered wick.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210739265.8A CN114914475B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Electric pile heat management method for proton film fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210739265.8A CN114914475B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Electric pile heat management method for proton film fuel cell |
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| CN114914475A true CN114914475A (en) | 2022-08-16 |
| CN114914475B CN114914475B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007324071A (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell system |
| CN104934619A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-23 | 西南交通大学 | Thermal management system of water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell and control method of thermal management system |
| CN206875753U (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-01-12 | 武汉地质资源环境工业技术研究院有限公司 | Hydrogen Energy and the heat pump of solar energy complementation |
| US20180183080A1 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-06-28 | Denso Corporation | Fuel cell cooling system |
| CN109167087A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 新乡市特美特热控技术股份有限公司 | Fuel cell air management system |
-
2022
- 2022-06-28 CN CN202210739265.8A patent/CN114914475B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007324071A (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell system |
| CN104934619A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-23 | 西南交通大学 | Thermal management system of water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell and control method of thermal management system |
| US20180183080A1 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-06-28 | Denso Corporation | Fuel cell cooling system |
| CN206875753U (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-01-12 | 武汉地质资源环境工业技术研究院有限公司 | Hydrogen Energy and the heat pump of solar energy complementation |
| CN109167087A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 新乡市特美特热控技术股份有限公司 | Fuel cell air management system |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘永峰等: "进气温度对质子交换膜燃料电池性能影响的试验研究", 北京建筑大学学报, vol. 32, no. 02, pages 46 - 50 * |
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