CN1149116C - Method and device for clearing electrical large equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

When dispose electrical equipment by heating power reutilization, at least one part of the equipment is charging into a treating chamber with housings and the hydrocarbons where the charging amount is according to the transportation load, wherein after vacuumizing and charging inert gas in the beginning, it is not necessary to input various air blasting gases and carriering gases, and then the equipment is heated to a temperature upper to the vapor pressure curve of each of the hydrocarbon under the condition of various regulated pressure and steam for recondensation each of the hydrocarbon. Evaporation of the hydrocarbons takes place by boiling at the condition according to the vapor pressure curve.

Description

Remove the method and apparatus of electrical large equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used for by heating power recycle remove (Entsorgen) from each transformer and capacitor class group, have a kind of method of the electrical large equipment of closure casing at least to a great extent, these transformers and capacitor are what to use from each hydrocarbon filling of PCB and each PCB mixture class group.

Background technology

Relate to various device on each large equipment of this class, these equipment are with a large amount of hydrocarbon fillings from PCB and each PCB mixture class group, and these equipment contain in addition from iron class group (steel sheel, the transformer core), copper (Transformer Winding), each insulating materials (paper, synthetic material membrane), aluminium (capacitor winding), wooden (spacer block), each insulator, each sealing, each dielectric, the element of at least one function decision of each soldering woods material and other each element.Each gap of each solid material and each micropore be with various hydrocarbon fillings in all cases, and remove like this, no longer can bring various very big difficulties with the various device of the loose random accumulation mode heating power processing in the basket or in the analog.

Therefore common people have had the hydrocarbon of various PCB by each general discharge orifice emptying of each large equipment, and these large equipments had been disintegrated into single-piece and broken as much as possible before heating power is handled, the various thus big PCB surfaces contaminated that are subjected to contact with the surrounding air that receives various PCB steam.

As long as various hydrocarbons are when being enclosed in their housing, large such large equipment is comprised that each hydrocarbon is heated to these hydrocarbons thereon also on complete evaporation and the temperature of discharging from large object deep up hill and dale, this be difficulty and be time-consuming at first.People's such equipment that disintegrated at least so far, great majority are also broken, conduct heat and mass transfer is used and so discharge each big surface that each hydrocarbon is used so that create thus.

On these PCB, relate to each Polychlorinated biphenyl or polystream, these Polychlorinated biphenyl and polystream have the chlorine atom of the different numbers of 1 to 10 chlorine atom for example and have up to 209 isomers, and the chlorinity of these isomers is between 19% and 71%.These biphenyl or polystream are hypertoxic, and carcinogenesis is arranged.Major part still also absorbs by breathe air through lung partly through skin, and causes the various damages on liver and the nervous system, and the various changes that cause blood picture.Each PCB accumulates in the adipose tissue.Should avoid as far as possible burning, and can only in oxygen-enriched atmosphere, burn being higher than under 1200 ℃ the temperature anyway, because otherwise form each 28 oxyquinolines (Seveso-poison) and various furans of same poison.Since their high dielectric constant and their fire retardation and since their good heat conductive ability for many years with them as the cooling fluid in range transformer and the capacitor and dielectric and heat conduction carrier oil, partly with pure form, partly conduct is to other various oil additives (R MPP CHEMIE LEXIKON (R MPP chemistry dictionary)), GeorgThieme publishing house, Stuttgart-New York, the M-Pk volume, 1995,3243 to 3245 pages).

Worldwide total also have a large amount of such electrical large equipments using.Still in most countries, forbidden during this making, use, storing and even transportation.Although high incineration temperature still exists the danger of recombinant for each Toxic.

The mode of removing depends on the concentration of PCB: remove these transformers or other each electrical equipment by each special method when surpassing 50mg/kg PCB content.Only for Germany this special refuse amount for 1989 to 2000 once for or be 300 000 tons of PCB waste materials, having 1 to 50%PCB highly polluted waste material therein is 95000 tons, 56000 tons of ownership transformers and 17000 tons of ownership large-scale capacitor devices (R MPP LEXIKON UMWELT (R MPP dictionary environment)) among this, Stuttgart-New York, 1993,536 to 538 pages).

Exemplary each value for

On each transformer:

Rated power: 630kVA

Each size: length: 1612mm

Width: 882mm

Highly: 1413mm,

Weight: 2020kg

Oil mass: 436kg

On each capacitor:

A) rated power: 100KVA

Each size: length: 715mm

Width: 250mm

Highly: 895mm,

Weight: 70kg

Oil mass: 30.7kg

Form: steel sheel: 10.8kg

Insulating materials: 0.8kg

Paper: 16.4kg

Aluminium: 9.9kg

Copper: 1.4kg

B) rated power: 3KVA:

Each size: length: 190mm

Width: 120mm

Highly: 100mm,

Weight: 4.52kg

Oil mass: 2.10kg

Excess: steel sheel, insulating materials,

Paper, aluminium, copper: 2.42kg

Each boundary by this prescribed limits that should not make progress; But always also have a lot of bigger and heavier PCB to pollute, each transformer that must remove in each year from now on and capacitor are in operation.

By the sample " PCB service system 50 methods " of NUKEM company, version 2 000St 393 discloses, and makes electrical product by substitute the way that contains PCB oil and " draw level again " for transformer with wash oil, each the transformer detoxifcation that has PCB to pollute therein.The circulation of this wash oil by passing processor realizes, manages making this wash oil break away from PCB in the device herein, and collects PCB.This circulation continues 6 to 12 months time, and continues longer in case of necessity.This document provides an impression, is dissolved out and can lasts long up to the oil that contains PCB each depths from the transformer matrix.

Disclose by DE 44 15 093 A1, make as the automobile oil filter with at the hollow body with the oil tank under the not broken state of random accumulation mode by the distillation under the vacuum condition by a kind of so-called VTR method (Vakuum-Thermische-Recycling vacuum recuperation of heat utilization) to break away from various Residual oils, the resid amount of each wave filter can add up 250g.What relate to here is tangible smallclothes.Do not refer to the processing that contains each oil of PCB.

In document " each suitable technology (AppropriateTechnologies for the Treatment of Scheduled Wastes) that each regulation waste disposal is used ", summary, interim at comment report the 3rd, in August, 1996, illustrated to contain numerous sweep-out methods that each material of PCB is used, comprised a kind of heating power desorption method therein as the explanation of PCB method.Under intermediate title " various irregular big inert solid thing (Irregular Lager InertSolids) ", also refer to various PCB capacitors, because the danger of their aluminium component and generation hydrogen is these PCB capacitors of fragmentation at first, so that use naoh treatment subsequently.This process is called the BCD method.Illustrating aspect the heating power desorption method, carrying out this BCD method at each temperature below 600 ℃, but granular size must reduced to less than 5mm by fragmentation.Having provided temperature and processing time of 450 to 800 ℃ for this PCB method in a model equipment in a table is 1 to 3 hour.

Disclose by DE 42 31 405 A, after will various insulating oils that contain hazardous substance in drip-dry as the equipment spare that has drawn off of transformer core or that contain PCB, in autoclave, constantly carry each inert carrier gas originally with under the condition of partly decomposing organic component to drain gas, and collecting these harmful substances and further processing under various high temperature.As long as illustrated it is application of negative pressure, only relate to a kind of safeguard procedures that prevent that each oil vapour from overflowing and entering atmosphere.The processing of these equipment spares in their original housing is unaccounted.Adopt each vector gas of constantly carrying but to cause these insulating oils and harmful substance to be followed by a large amount of gases, so that not only need extremely big condensation area, and all the time according to being pressed with a large amount of oil vapours and harmful substance steam remains in these waste gas each corresponding branch, so that these waste gas must further be handled, to indicate this point especially.

Disclose a kind of similar approach that has each same disadvantages by EP 0682994 A1, continue to have carried each equipment that under the pressure between 0.5 and 1 crust, will comprise each transformer under the condition of inert carrier gas the emptying insulating oil after, to drain gas on the method with insulating oil with residual volume.Should improve firing rate by the pressure of selecting high like this vector gas.Even also must further handle big exhausted air quantity at this, list aerosol separator and active carbon filter for this reason.But also undeclared, these equipment should be handled with their each original housing at this.Owing to but the vector gas guiding of each part of absorbent insulation oil can not be passed these housings, so this point has been impossible.

Disclose by DE 44 37 345 A1, so " on the spot " makes as wall veneer and brick wall, each porous material detoxifcation that PCB pollutes, be that people put one in alkene and consume flame in order to siphon away oxygen in this space or in an adjacent space, arrange an afterburner in case of necessity, and repeatedly in closed circuit, gave these contaminated metopes this oxygen depleted exhaust air that cleaned to a great extent.The oxygen of certain percentage under in burning process, but remaining with being necessary, but mainly be incondensible each incineration ashes and the gas of following as nitrogen that can not burn, when the various combustion gas of yet carrying to burner as illustrated propane, then especially like this.Also must further handle large quantity of exhaust gas at this, list for this reason and on itself, produced various each Drechsel system and the charcoal filters that will remove product again.

In EP 0423039 A1, distinguish a) as ground soil, the removing of the detritus that sand and building scrap are such, heating and detoxify these in converter under vacuum from the beginning as piling up the material of material, and b) non-clastic shape thing, at first under atmospheric pressure, under the circulation of inert gas, heat this part shape thing to final temperature, and under vacuum, detoxify subsequently.Listed each metalwork of wooden and transformer and by the winding of the capacitor of paper and aluminium foil system as part shape thing.As long as listed each transformer, after detoxifcation, should ressemble and use these transformers, these transformers that promptly before detoxifcation, disintegrated of anticipating.List duration of 18 hours for the detoxifcation of the transformer wood 260 to 280 ℃ the time, listed 67 hours duration for the detoxifcation of the capacitor winding under the paper carbonization condition 285 ℃ the time.

During the heating period, when crossing each vapor curve that each has the pest component downwards, under each corresponding high temperature, have only these components in a small amount in evaporation.Further heating under inert gas can only proceed under the situation of atmosphere in not taking out most stove till the saturation boundary in the inert gas; Otherwise this pressure rises to atmospheric pressure head and shoulders above, or the evaporation process trend stops.Explanation is with the removing of the whole large equipment of major part or total amount insulating oil, and also is impossible with this removing of this known method.Even when a condenser is carried the mixture of inertia recyclegas and each PCB steam, this condenser or need extremely big condensation area then, these waste gas bands and are disapproved high PCB share and enter atmosphere, even also be like this when wanting safe condenser of adjunction in the main condenser back.These times of using with the vacuum draw stage of using in this heating period add up mutually, and are just real by the evaporation of boiling each harmful substance of beginning under this (respectively) vapor curve in the stage at this vacuum draw.

Be each object that is difficult to and time-consumingly will detoxifies in all cases, on all positions and especially in the depths of their each structures, be heated under authorized pressure in order to drain necessary each the high evaporating temperature of gas especially these structures also still bad heat conduction usually.

Summary of the invention

A kind of method of illustrated type when therefore being to provide beginning based on task of the present invention, therefore method can be removed the electrical large equipment from each transformer and capacitor class group, and the oil that fills can not enter interaction with surrounding air, and carbon-free hydrogen compound ground does not especially have each these large equipment of PCB ground disintegration subsequently, and is sent to final utilization in case of necessity.

On when beginning illustrated method, realize the solution of the task of putting forward thus by the present invention,

A) these large equipments are sent into process chamber with their housing with at least a portion of the amount that meets operation of these hydrocarbons, and process chamber is evacuated down to is lower than 10 millibars pressure in order to remove surrounding air, and be filled on the pressure on 30 millibars with a kind of non-oxidizing gas then

B) in process chamber, do not import purge gas in the heating period, keep the pressure on 30 millibars by regulating gas bleeding amount and quantity of steam, till when reaching the temperature of regulation in each large equipment inside, this temperature be positioned at those thereon each hydrocarbon by on the vapor curve that evaporates of boiling, each steam that causes thus discharging is again in condensation on each relatively cooler place within each housing, so that quicken this heating process, condensation modulated each hydrocarbon vapor of saving land and extracting out during this period.

C) after reaching the temperature of regulation, the pressure in the process chamber is dropped on the value that is positioned under described each vapor curve, and

D) make these hydrocarbon evaporations and do not have the condensation of purge gas ground by boiling, and under the condition of destroying each PCB, further handle in case of necessity.

When distributing a pressure sensor to process chamber, at this then is particularly advantageous, the output of pressure sensor turns on the adjuster, the output of adjuster turns on again on the control valve, this control valve is among the extraction pipeline that is arranged between process chamber and the vavuum pump, and is the aspiration that can regulate vavuum pump according to the setting of inner treatment chamber pressure by this control valve.

Once surprised discovery also can make such large equipment that do not disintegrate that has a part or especially have a whole oil-filled amount remove whole oil-filled amount in corresponding big process chamber, and therefore can be removed.In this exactly housing and the oil-filled amount decisive role whole or part of these sealings, its way is just being evaporated various oil constantly on each the hottest place on each vapor curve, and under each vapor curve on each cool place various oil of condensation again, do not strengthened heat transfer thus significantly with contacting of surrounding air.

These oil vapours at first do not enter in each gap between each large equipment and process chamber or each inwall of boiler yet.In detailed description, also in depth set forth these relations with Fig. 8.When surpassing each temperature of material decision, these housings of large equipment are just automatically opened under interior pressure effect gradually, for example by the lifting of capping, by the fusing of soldering point, by the evaporation that seals and/or decomposition or the like.Once find that after disintegration all members are bone dries, or removed each hydrocarbon and each PCB, and can transport each free from all inhibitionsly to and further handle enterprise.Belong to various encapsulants, once also only existing of wood and paper is pure, the charcoal that peels off.The weight reduction of oil-paper for example is 73 percentage by weight.

Main at this is to have abandoned longly importing various purge gas, transportation and recyclegas constantly and keep-uping pressure within some boundary, so that needn't be as on current technical merit, with so various vector gas constantly or gave each cryosurface when the volumetric expansion, main and at this is the possibility of each oil vapour of condensation again during the heating period.

According to the present invention, these large equipments are handled on the whole charging quantity ground that meets operation during beginning by these hydrocarbons.By from thermal radiation, induction heat, conduction heat, vapor recycle heat, the steam condensation heat is carried out this heating through each at least a energy input that connects the electric heating class group of contact.Under each temperature conditions between 100 ℃ and 400 ℃ and under each the chamber pressure situation between 0.01 millibar to 400 millibars, comprise the evaporation of each hydrocarbon of each PCB.This handles being up under 400 millibars the initiation pressure beginning, and the temperature of each large equipment is brought up to the highest 400 ℃, yet chamber pressure is reduced on each value that is up to 0.1 millibar.

According to the present invention, these are comprised that one of the hydrocarbon suction of each PCB has in the ejector condenser of at least one first nozzle, and the oil cooling from each mineral oils group with ormal weight in a spray district coagulates the hydrocarbon that these comprise each PCB, this in a closed circuit through at least one cooling device this oil that circulates, and level is regulated ground and is collected the part that exceeds this ormal weight in a recipient.Above first nozzle of ejector condenser, arranged a packed column that has at least one second nozzle, in this nozzle, be used in the same oil that circulates in the closed circuit and separate out mist of oil, and guided this to loop back road binders similarly by this spray district.

According to the present invention, extract each waste gas of ejector condenser out with a vavuum pump, and before in being discharged into atmosphere with these at least one active carbon filters of waste gas tying-in, make the active carbon filter of these each filter chambers that has them after loading each PCB at least in part, in process chamber, stand a desorption process, and with these the steam of desorb introduce ejector condenser.One of these active carbon filters are connected before the vavuum pump.These waste gas of vavuum pump stand catalytic oxidation one time.

According to the present invention, in an extraction pipeline of process chamber, arranged a catalyst converter, in this catalyst converter, under importing, these PCB heating power ground have been changed into each corresponding halogen compounds of hydrogen from all gases condition of hydrogen and each hydrocarbon gas class group.These furnace exhausts are introduced in the surface condenser, in this surface condenser-196 ℃ and+the condensate that forms a kind of tarry solid at each temperature from each hydrocarbon between 25 ℃, after gathering a condensate amount by surface condenser being heated between 100 ℃ and 400 ℃, especially on each temperature between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, periodically melt and this condensate of collection in a recipient.

According to the present invention, these furnace exhausts are introduced in the first surface condenser, in this surface condenser between 150 ℃ and 250, form a kind of first condensate from these hydrocarbons at each temperature, after gathering a condensate amount by the first surface condenser being heated on each temperature between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, periodically melt and this first condensate of collection in one first recipient, and these waste gas of first surface condenser are carried to a second surface condenser, in this second surface condenser-196 ℃ and+25 ℃ between condensation and carry other each hydrocarbon to one second recipient.

According to the present invention, in a reaction vessel under the condition of adding from least a reactant of each alkali metal and alkali metal hydrogen oxygen compound class group, these contents of each recipient that so neutralizes at each temperature between 20 ℃ and 400 ℃ make to form each alkali-metal each corresponding halogen compounds.With at least a reactant of the form of decentralized photo in mineral oil input from each alkali metal and each alkali metal hydrogen oxygen compound class group.For separately each alkali-metal each halogen compounds and mineral oil and the centrifugation reaction vessel contain thing.

The present invention also relates to be used for implementing the various devices of this method with a kind of process chamber of removing each electrical equipment, these equipment are what to be filled with from the various hydrocarbons of PCB and each PCB mixture class group, be equipped with at least one heater at this this process chamber, and be connected at least one condensing unit and be connected on the vacuum extractor of continued access after this condensing unit.

Select to have arranged as first in order to solve identical task, on the process chamber that has horizontal axis and end face chamber door, in the process chamber arranged in front first placing platform of using from each large equipment of each transformer and each capacitor class group, these large equipments have each housing of sealing at least to a great extent, and in process chamber, so mode arranged what these large equipments were used, second placing platform with the first placing platform centering, make these large equipments be can otherwise individually, or be seated in the process chamber with complete state in groups.

Arranged as other selection in order to solve identical task, arranged a placing platform of using from each transformer and each each large equipment of capacitor class group at process chamber on the process chamber of capping above being positioned at having vertical axis and having, these large equipments have each housing of sealing at least to a great extent, on this placing platform these large equipments be can otherwise individually, or put with good working condition in groups.

According to the present invention, the device that has the process chamber that is used to remove each electrical large equipment, these equipment are filled with each hydrocarbon from PCB and each PCB mixture class group, wherein this process chamber is equipped with at least one heater, and be to be connected to being connected on this condensing unit vacuum extractor afterwards at least one condensing unit with being connected to, on the process chamber of the capping above having vertical axis and being positioned at, in process chamber, arranged the placing platform that each large equipment of closure casing is at least to a great extent used that has from each transformer and capacitor class group, these large equipments be can otherwise individually, or be placed on this placing platform with good working condition in groups.The pressure sensor that has distributed its output access adjuster to process chamber, the output of adjuster is again in the control valve that inserts in the extraction pipeline that is arranged between process chamber and the vavuum pump, and the pumping power of vavuum pump is adjustable according to the internal pressure rated value of process chamber by this control valve.Arranged at least a heater from resistance heater, heater coil, thermal radiation device, induction coil and each contact electrode class group as thermal source.

According to the present invention, after process chamber, connected an ejector condenser that has first nozzle that at least one handling oil uses, the spray district is positioned under this nozzle, distributed a closed circuit that has at least one cooling device for this ejector condenser at this, and one is held the recipient that road binders uses that loops back that has each PCB and is connected on this closed circuit.Above the spray district of ejector condenser, arranged that has the packed column that at least one is connected to second nozzle on the same loop loop.A vavuum pump is connected on this ejector condenser, and has arranged at least one active carbon filter in having the extraction pipeline of vavuum pump.One of each active carbon filter is connected before this vavuum pump.The catalyst converter that after vavuum pump, has connected an oxidation.Catalyst converter is to be arranged in the extraction pipeline of process chamber, but in this catalyst converter input from each gas condition of hydrogen and each hydrocarbon gas class group under these PCB are heating power ground each corresponding halogen compounds of changing hydrogen into.

According to the present invention, at least one surface condenser is connected after the process chamber, in this surface condenser, are the condensates that can generate a kind of tarry time solid from these hydrocarbons, and this surface condenser is to be connected to that one-period ground can be on the heat cycles loop of condensation phase and changing-over between the thawing stage, and has connected one collect the recipient that the condensate that melts is used after this surface condenser.After this surface condenser, connected a second surface condenser that has one second recipient.Each reaction vessel is assigned on these recipients, and this reaction vessel is used at least a reactant from each alkali metal and each alkali metal hydrogen oxygen compound class group is transformed into these alkali-metal each corresponding halogen compounds.After this reaction vessel, be connected a centrifuge with mineral oil in order to separate these alkali-metal halogen compounds.Ejector condenser and packed column structurally are one.

Description of drawings

Below with Fig. 1 to 9 in detail each other development from method control and each device aspect of the various embodiment and the invention object of object of the present invention is described in detail.

Shown:

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section by the process chamber of the handler that has level transportation usefulness,

Fig. 2 has figure temperature and pressure and that have each favorable method parameter usefulness parameter region,

The method sketch of Fig. 3 for using by each steam that contains PCB of extracting out in the process chamber with ejector condenser and the further processing of each adsorbed oil,

The selectable method sketch that Fig. 4 uses for each steam that contains PCB of extracting out from process chamber with the further processing of surface condenser,

But Fig. 5 further handles the system of selection sketch of extracting out that each steam of PCB is used that contains for usefulness two surface condensers that further developed with respect to Fig. 4 from process chamber,

Fig. 6 is used for final the processing from the method sketch by each condensate liquid of Fig. 3, each ejector condenser of 4 and 5 and surface condenser,

Fig. 7 is the vertical cross section that passes through at the process chamber of vertical direction loading and unloading usefulness,

Fig. 8 be set forth transformer being used in the process chamber of similar Fig. 7 of a sealing conduct heat between all members and the schematic diagram of mass transfer and

Fig. 9 is the figure that is used to illustrate Temperature Distribution on variant measurement point.

The specific embodiment

A process chamber 1 that has withstand voltage horizontal boiler 2 forms of overcoat 3 and chamber door 4 has been shown among Fig. 1.This overcoat 3 is to make liner with a kind of thermal protection 5 and 21, and this thermal protection is reserved a gap 12 with respect to boiler 2.Arranged air blast 6, intake pipeline 7 and discharge pipe 8 are used for passing of (for example air) cooling agent.

The inner surface of boiler 2 and chamber door 4 remains on one thereon not on the temperature of cold oil.In boiler, arranged 9, one air blasts 10 of heater and a process chamber 1 that for example may be made in resistance heater to have each guide plate 11 of stove function by it.Selectively or can be equipped with heater in addition with adding, surround the heating cushion of these large equipments, each contact electrode that each induction coil and electricity are led heating usefulness from thermal radiation device class group.A kind of heater 9a that adds is made for the heating jacket that has binding post 9b and 9c.

In boiler 2, be used to remove after the vacuumizing first of surrounding air, generating a pressure that is equivalent to desirable pressure process with inert gas source 13 and control valve 14.But very rapid and have and regulate ground and extract this inert gas out, and replaced by the oil vapour that each forms, below in detail this point is described in detail also.

By a hollow seal 15 embracing chamber doors 14, by heat cycles loop 16 this sealing is remained on the temperature with heating power oil, sealing 15 is durable on this temperature, and in the sealing but each steam of not condensation.Suitable temperature is between about 200 ℃ and 300 ℃.This heat cycles loop 16 has circulating pump 17 for this reason, heater 18 and a cooling device 19 of optionally connecting by reversal valve 20.

Arranged a placing platform 22 before chamber door 4, for example used haulage vehicle and the transportation frame 23 can be with two single large equipments 24 and 25, for example transformer be seated on this placing platform.Can after opening chamber door 4 (perpendicular to plan), sail these large equipments into boiler 2 with this transportation frame 23, and be to be seated on the position 23 ', 24 ' and 25 ' on other unshowned placing platform on the heater 9.These large equipments 24 and 25 still be filling with total amount PCB's or contain PCB oil.In case this oil is depressed in the existence of boiler 2 when having surpassed its boiling temperature (seeing also Fig. 2), boiling process then begins, and bears the major part that each inner part to large equipment 24 and 25 conducts heat at these these oil vapours.This is a deciding factor for each large equipment 24 of rapid heating and 25 huge gross masses.

Extracting pipeline 26 out for one extends to catalyst converter 27 from boiler 2, carry quantitative through control valve 29 to this catalyst converter from a gas source 28, all gases from hydrogen and each gasiform hydrocarbon group, make these PCB change the corresponding halide of hydrogen into, for example be converted into hydrochloric acid, this hydrochloric acid can be converted into chloride by each alkali metal hydroxide, can fold these chlorides by water washing.For example can end valve 30 from each follow-up treating apparatus separately through carrying with process chamber 1 in order to load purpose.Hinted each tie point that leads to by Fig. 3, each treating apparatus of 4 and 6 by arrow 31.

Putting on each method temperature " T " on the abscissa and on ordinate, putting on each method pressure " P " among Fig. 2.The countless vapor curves of each single kind oil or each PCB and paper binding agent, each boiling section with other the various oil considered and hydrocarbon of each synthetic material is arranged in the scope by dotted line limit.For example highlighted a kind of a kind of such vapor curve of heating power oil usefulness by a thick line " L ".On vapor curve separately, do not produce boiling process, when crossing same separately vapor curve downwards by reducing pressure and/or the temperature process that comes to life suddenly that rises.

The curve of with dashed lines " P " has been represented a kind of exemplary pressure curve with very schematic diagram among Fig. 2: when beginning heating on the moment T1 by vacuumizing on the pressure that the air atmosphere is dropped to 1 millibar, on moment T2, reach this pressure in short-term.Process chamber is filled into 400 millibars the pressure that on moment T3, reaches by a kind of non-oxidizing gas (inert gas) then.Stop the input of inert gas by closing supply valve, meaning i.e. input carrier gas not, transportation gas or purge gas.

By following regulating system that also will describe in detail and the control valve before vavuum pump the pressure of setting up is kept constant at least to a great extent.Along with the temperature that rises,, just at first within each apparatus casing, increase the volatilization (also not being boiling) of the beginning liquid (each hydrocarbon and harmful substance) that lands now corresponding to the various equilibrium conditions in the liquid range.Again condense to also on each relatively cooler environment division and height by decision thus conducts heat by each steam, extremely effectively and in short-term in, reduce each thermograde of existence.Depend on that pressure ground is extracted out and coldly outside process chamber doubt each remaining steam by control valve, so that avoid unwelcome pressure to rise.This condensation process is not subjected to vector gas, and transportation gas or purge gas hinder, and begins because this exists only in adjustment process, in fact no longer exists later on.

In case one that for example recorded in the least favorable place by the temperature sensor in the transformer core and when the set point of temperature that moment T4 reaches, open the preceding control valve of vavuum pump fully, and now pressure is dropped on the value of (line " L ") under the liquid vapor pressure curve, under this situation, just drop to 10 millibars, suddenly begin the boiling process of liquid immediately.Continue now the rising temperature and continue to reduce pressure, when on moment T5, having reached in the equipment regulation boundary value of residual content harmful substance till.

Fig. 3,4 and 5 illustrates a main element of the present invention, promptly be arranged in from a control valve 52a in the extraction pipeline 52 of vavuum pump 53, this control valve is to be connected with an adjuster 52c through the pipeline 52b that an adjusting parameter is used, the measured value lead 52d of the treated chamber inner space of this adjuster obtains each pressure signal " P " of adjuster, and each implements the internal pressure of regulating process chamber by the front that belongs to Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 illustrates the continuity of the extraction pipeline 26 that stretches to ejector condenser 32, has arranged each first nozzle 33 that is used to generate from the taper purge beam 34 of the oil of each mineral oils group in this ejector condenser.These purge beams form a spray district 35 that passes through these PCB steam of mineral oil condensation therein.For this purpose mineral oil is circulated in closed circuit 36, but be used for replenishing the tank 37 that has consumed mineral oil for this closed circuit adjunction.The amount that will lay in is decided according to the PCB concentration in these steams in addition.To flow to recipient 39 with condensate each PCB through a pipeline 38 from mineral oil, by the filling level of a valve 40 adjusting receivers.From then on set out this condensate is flowed to the take-off line 45 that these nozzle 33 is connected thereto through 42, one cleaning devices 43 of a cooling device (this cleaning device can constitute cold-trap device or filter) and a circulating pump 44.

With again again the part stream (must constantly eject condensation heat, in these steams, contain the largest portion of process chamber 1 heating power) of the condensate of cooling from each steam of process chamber 1 flow to a packed column 47 of structurally uniting through other a take-off line 46 with ejector condenser 32.In packed column 47, arranged other each second nozzle 48 that is used to generate each taper purge beam 49.These purge beams are hit a fill area 50, and this fill area contains for example respectively to draw wishes ring, and passes through each remaining PCB steam of mineral oil condensation in fill area.This condensate is discharged by the spray district 35 that is positioned under it downwards again, and converges with the condensate that generates there.(for further processing) through one lead to by the final boundary of administration 51 of handling level of Fig. 6 carry out superfluous with enrichment the discharging of condensate of each PCB.Nozzle 33 and 48 quantity are less important; Only to consider intactly to grasp the action section in fill area 50 and spray district 35.

Also can with n-hexane and each other hydrocarbon cosolvent or move this ejector condenser 32 and/or packed column with each solution of each alkali metal hydrogen oxygen compound and/or water.

Extract pipeline 52 out through one and from packed column 47, extract these remaining gas and steam out.In extraction pipeline 52, arranged each active carbon filter 54 and 55 in before the vavuum pump 53 and back, can pull down these active carbon filters, and in process chamber 1, remove these active carbon filters equally by thermal desorption (VTR method).Before being discharged into each gas in the atmosphere, make these gases also in catalyst converter 56, stand one time catalytic oxidation.This active carbon filter 54 also is used to protect the vavuum pump 53 that can be made up of complete pump group.

Fig. 4 illustrates a selectable method sketch now, and it is used for surface condenser 58 and further handles the steam of extracting out from process chamber 1 that respectively contains PCB.Arranged the heat cycles loop 59 of a band heating power oil for all temps of regulating each cryosurface targetedly, this heat cycles loop has 60, one heaters 61 of a circulating pump and a cooling device 62 of optionally being connected by a reversal valve 63.Each utensil means in continuing the extraction pipeline 52 that extends and process are through consistent with means of pressing Fig. 3 and process process.

Device by Fig. 4 is worked with the following methods: in surface condenser 58 at first-196 ℃ and+between 25 ℃ from these hydrocarbons, form at each temperature a kind of tarry to solid, the condensate that has each PCB, after gathering the condensate amount that can stipulate periodically by each cryosurface is heated between 100 ℃ and 400 ℃, especially melt this condensate on each temperature between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, and collect this condensate in one first recipient 64, the output 65 of this recipient 64 extends to the final processing level of pressing Fig. 6.

Fig. 5 illustrates other selectable method sketch now, and it is used for further handling each steam that contains PCB of extracting out from processor 1 with the second surface condenser 67 of a first surface condenser 66 and a series connection with it.For each temperature of each cryosurface of regulating first surface condenser 66 has targetedly also been arranged a heat cycles loop 59 at this, this heat cycles loop has 60, one heaters 61 of a circulating pump and a cooling device 62 of optionally being connected by a reversal valve.Each utensil means in continuing the extraction pipeline 52 that extends and process are through consistent with means of pressing Fig. 3 and 4 and process process.

Device by Fig. 5 is worked with the following methods: in first surface condenser 66, have earlier+150 ℃ and+between 300 ℃, especially+200 ℃ and+between 250 ℃ with temperature under from have each PCB, form a kind of liquid state to tarry condensate in each high boiling steam component of a part.As long as what relate to is tarry condensate, can periodically melts this condensate and be collected in the recipient 64 by the temperature raising, as this is described in front.In second surface condenser 67-196 ℃ and+at each temperature from the lower boiling hydrocarbon of each remnants or from their each steam, form a kind of other condensate between 25 ℃, after the condensate amount of having gathered a regulation, equally periodically melt this condensate on corresponding each higher temperature in case of necessity, and lead among the second recipient 64a who handles level by Fig. 6 final at its output 65a and to collect this condensate by each cryosurface of heating.One required for this reason, is similar to 59 the second heat cycles loop and do not add expression for simplicity.For example can consider that each plate and/or tube bank are as cryosurface.

Fig. 6 illustrates final processing from the method sketch of using by Fig. 3, each condensate each ejector condenser and surface condenser of 4 and 5.Carry out each condensate being imported in reaction vessel 69 through an intake pipeline 68 from each recipient 39,64 and 64a.In a tank 70, preset a kind of decentralized photo, Na for example, NaOH, K, KOH, LI, LiOH by a kind of oil and each alkali metal and/or their each compound.Also can adopt each liquid alkali with various hydroxide.With a heater 71 regulate use from each each halogen of PCB cracking with the temperature that forms each haloid, this temperature can be between 20 ℃ and 400 ℃.For example KOH has one to be 360 ℃ fusing point, so that should on this temperature, change, and NaOH has one to be 324 ℃ fusing point, so that should on this temperature, carry out this transformation.In the reaction that can use sodium decentralized photo in the oil at each temperature between 20 ℃ and 150 ℃.Agitator 72 is used to quicken this reaction.At last these product are flowed to a centrifuge 73, from then on discharge each salt in arrow 74 directions in the centrifuge, and discharge liquid in arrow 75 directions.

Fig. 7 illustrate by in vertical direction by a suspender, for example the bridge crane loading and unloading carries a vertical cross section of the process chamber 76 of usefulness.This process chamber 76 has the resistance to compression of having overcoat 78, the shape of the vertical still pot 77 of interior capping 79 and outer seal 80.The inner surface with interior capping 79 of boiler 77 remains on one thereon under authorized pressure not on the temperature of cold oil.In boiler, arranged a heater coil 81, had the function of stove by this process chamber 76 of this heater coil.Selectively can be equipped with the heater from thermal radiation device class group in addition, surround each heating cushion of large equipment 24 (transformer), each induction coil and electricity are led each contact electrode D of heating usefulness.A kind of other, particularly advantageous possibility is, adopts each common connection contact 82 of large equipment 24 to be used to import heating power, so that direct generative process heat in the body of large equipment 24.But this selection scheme also is applicable to the example by Fig. 1.

In the gap 83 between boiler 77 and overcoat 78, keep a pressure that is equivalent to boiler 77 internal pressures, make that boiler 77 is pressure balanced with inert gas source 86 and control valve 87.Each lifting suspension ring 84 is used for vertical transport, and those are equipped with the part of lifting suspension ring 84 thereon.Be provided with thermal protection 88 in the inside of boiler 77 in the case.

The action principle of object of the present invention is described in detail in detail with Fig. 8: process chamber 88 has been equipped the heater 90 of an external heated device 89 and an inside, and one of them is just enough in case of necessity.Manage herein and put a large equipment 24 in the chamber 88, i.e. transformer that has housing 24a and capping 24b, not each flange bolt of expression of capping unclamps, make that capping 24 is placed on with unclamping above.A core 24c is arranged in housing 24a.But surrounded this process chamber by a kind of not thermal protection of expression.

Represent a kind of state on the center line M left side, under this state, also existed the whole amount that meets each hydrocarbon 91 of operation.Represented that on center line M the right a kind of state only exists the amount that a part meets each hydrocarbon 91 of operation under this state.Adopt the way discharged the major part hydrocarbon, or volatilized with original amount of having evaporated major part after, can reach this state.Because static pressure pressure, volatilization or evaporation always begin on liquid surface.

As if draw thus, a kind of possible vector gas or purge gas directly do not influence the mass transfer of large equipment 24 inside.But do not adopt such vector gas or purge gas by the present invention.

The width of cloth partly heated wall by process chamber 88 or heater 90 (as long as the words that exist) is penetrated, partly by the convection current of atmosphere in the process chamber 88 and again condensation proceed to heat transfer on the housing 24a.Also constitute a kind of convection current that becomes more and more stronger along with temperature raises in these liquid hydrocarbons 91, this convection current exceeds the heat transfer that improves significantly outside the heat conduction to core 24c.In the vapor space 91a on each liquid hydrocarbon 91 of center line the right, constitute convection current and the condensation again of each vaporous hydrocarbon, this again condensation penetrate the influence of strengthening heat transfer significantly by the width of cloth.

But being filled with the cavity of each liquid hydrocarbon when now also existing beginning in core 24c, partly is the micropore size.Also begin volatilization and evaporation (at first from core 24c surface) there with the effect that is increasing.Also here carry out core 24c is heated to the temperature of regulation separately intentinonally or post by the condensation again of each steam.This means, prevent each hydrocarbon that too early removal has been volatilized or evaporation by giving up vector gas or purge gas, and these hydrocarbons come for the heating domination by condensation again, in any case as long as till when discharging a part of in these steam by the stress level of realizing regulation.Thus unwelcome energy loss is dropped to minimum.

In by the figure of Fig. 9, on abscissa, put on the time " t ", and on ordinate, put on temperature " T ".Represented the inner wall temperature of process chamber by a dashdotted curve 92, as set up this wall temperature by the cover heating of regulating.The curve 93 of dotted line illustrates the affiliated Temperature Distribution of the steam atmosphere within the process chamber, for example records in the upper extent of process chamber.The curve 94 of solid line illustrates the affiliated Temperature Distribution within the transformer core, for example records in the deep that is about 20cm along center line " M ".As can be seen, although lack the heated air of circulation, these curves 93 and 94 depart from mutually only more micro-ly.The each point of the section of falling suddenly of each curve beginning thereon indicates the ending of heating period, a tangible part of also having volatilized or having evaporated each hydrocarbon in this ending.Because stored heat energy and cross each vapor curve downwards and proceed this evaporation, when having reached the limiting value of each PCB that stipulates till.Heating period continues on about 10 hours in the case, and cooling stage continues on same about 10 hours.

Mark mark inventory:

1 process chamber

2 boilers

3 overcoats

4 Room doors

5 thermal protections

6 air blasts

7 intake pipelines

8 discharge pipes

9 heaters

The 9a heater

The 9b binding post

The 9b binding post

10 air blasts

11 each guide plate

12 gaps

13 inert gas sources

14 control valves

15 sealings

16 heat cycles loops

17 circulating pumps

18 heaters

19 cooling devices

20 reversal valves

21 thermal protections

22 placing platform

23 transportation frames

23 ' position

24 large equipments

24 ' position

The 24a housing

The 24b capping

The 24c core

25 large equipments

25 ' position

26 extract pipeline out

27 catalyst converters

28 gas sources

29 control valves

30 stop valves

31 arrows

32 ejector condensers

33 nozzles

34 purge beams

35 spray districts

36 closed circuits

37 tanks

38 pipelines

39 recipients

40 valves

41 pipelines

42 cooling devices

43 cleaning devices

44 circulating pumps

45 take-off lines

46 take-off lines

47 packed columns

48 nozzles

49 purge beams

50 fill areas

51 pipelines

52 extract pipeline out

The 52a control valve

The 52b pipeline

The 52c adjuster

52d measured value lead

53 vavuum pumps

54 active carbon filters

55 active carbon filters

56 catalyst converters

57 arrows

58 surface condensers

59 heat cycles loops

60 circulating pumps

61 heaters

62 cooling devices

63 reversal valves

64 recipients

The 64a recipient

65 outputs

The 65a output

66 surface condensers

67 surface condensers

68 intake pipelines

69 reaction vessels

70 tanks

71 heaters

72 agitators

73 centrifuges

74 arrows

75 arrows

76 process chambers

77 boilers

78 overcoats

Capping in 79

80 outer seals

81 heater coils

82 respectively connect contact

83 gaps

84 lifting suspension ring

85 thermal protections

86 inert gas sources

87 control valves

88 process chambers

89 outer heaters

90 inner heating devices

91 each hydrocarbon

The 91a vapor space

92 curves (dashdotted)

93 curves (dotted line)

94 curves (solid line)

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Claims (31)

1. be used for removing from each transformer and capacitor class each electrical large equipment (24 group, that have housing by the recuperation of heat utilization, 25) method, these transformers and capacitor are what to be filled with from each hydrocarbon of PCB and each PCB mixture class group, it is characterized in that

A) with these large equipments (24,25) insert a process chamber (1 with their housing with at least a portion that meets transportation load of these hydrocarbons, 76,88), and this process chamber (1,76,88) is evacuated down to is lower than 10 millibars pressure in order to remove surrounding air, and be filled into pressure on 30 millibars with non-oxidizing gas subsequently

B) at process chamber, (1,76,88) do not import purge gas in the heating period in, remain on pressure on 30 millibars by regulating gas bleeding amount and quantity of steam, up at each large equipment, (24,25) inside has reached a kind of temperature of regulation, this temperature is positioned at those thereon on the vapor curve of these hydrocarbons by explosive evaporation, each steam that discharges is being condensate within each housing on each relatively cooler place again, so that quicken this heating process, yet these have each hydrocarbon vapor of regulating the ground extraction condensation

C) after reaching the temperature of regulation, the pressure in the process chamber (1,76,88) is reduced on the value that is positioned under these described vapor curves, and

D), and under the condition of destroying each PCB, further handle these hydrocarbons in case of necessity by explosive evaporation and these hydrocarbons of no purge gas ground condensation.

2. by the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that whole charging quantity ground processing these large equipments (24,25) that meet operation during beginning by these hydrocarbons.

3. by the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, by from thermal radiation,

Induction heat,

Conduction heat,

Vapor recycle heat,

The steam condensation heat,

Connect the electric heating of contact through each

At least a energy input of class group is carried out this heating.

4. by the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, under each temperature conditions between 100 ℃ and 400 ℃ and under each the chamber pressure situation between 0.01 millibar to 400 millibars, comprise the evaporation of each hydrocarbon of each PCB.

5. by the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that this handles being up under 400 millibars the initiation pressure beginning, and the temperature of each large equipment is brought up to the highest 400 ℃, yet chamber pressure is reduced on each value that is up to 0.1 millibar.

6. press the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, these are comprised that one of the hydrocarbon suction of each PCB has in the ejector condenser (32) of at least one first nozzle (33), and the oil cooling from each mineral oils group with ormal weight in a spray district (35) coagulates the hydrocarbon that these comprise each PCB, this in a closed circuit (36) through at least one cooling device (42) this oil that circulates, and level is regulated ground and is collected the part that exceeds this ormal weight in a recipient (39).

7. press the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that, a packed column (47) that has at least one second nozzle (48) has been arranged in top at first nozzle (33) of ejector condenser (32), the same oil that is used in circulation in the closed circuit (36) in this nozzle is separated out mist of oil, and guides this to loop back road binders similarly by this spray district (35).

8. press the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that, extract each waste gas of ejector condenser (32) out with a vavuum pump (53), and with these at least one active carbon filters of waste gas tying-in (54,55), made the active carbon filter (54 of these each filter chambers that has them before in being discharged into atmosphere, 55) after loading each PCB at least in part at process chamber (1,76,88) stand a desorption process in, and with these the steam of desorb introduce ejector condenser (32).

9. by the method for claim 8, it is characterized in that one of these active carbon filters (54) are connected vavuum pump (53) before.

10. by the method for claim 8, it is characterized in that these waste gas of vavuum pump (53) stand catalytic oxidation one time.

11. method by claim 1, it is characterized in that, at process chamber (1,76,88) extract pipeline (26 out for one, 52) arranged a catalyst converter (27) in, in this catalyst converter, under importing, these PCB heating power ground have been changed into each corresponding halogen compounds of hydrogen from all gases condition of hydrogen and each hydrocarbon gas class group.

12. method by claim 1, it is characterized in that, these furnace exhausts are introduced in the surface condenser (58), in this surface condenser-196 ℃ and+the condensate that forms a kind of tarry solid at each temperature from each hydrocarbon between 25 ℃, after gathering a condensate amount by surface condenser (58) is heated between 100 ℃ and 400 ℃, especially on each temperature between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, periodically melt and this condensate of collection in a recipient (64).

13. method by claim 12, it is characterized in that, these furnace exhausts are introduced in the first surface condenser (66), in this surface condenser between 150 ℃ and 250, form a kind of first condensate from these hydrocarbons at each temperature, after gathering a condensate amount by first surface condenser (66) being heated on each temperature between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, periodically melt and this first condensate of collection in one first recipient (64), and these waste gas of first surface condenser (66) are carried to a second surface condenser (67), in this second surface condenser-196 ℃ and+25 ℃ between condensation and carry other each hydrocarbon to one second recipient (64a).

14. by claim 1,6, one of 12 and 13 method, it is characterized in that, in a reaction vessel (69) under the condition of adding from least a reactant of each alkali metal and alkali metal hydrogen oxygen compound class group, each recipient (39 that so neutralizes at each temperature between 20 ℃ and 400 ℃, 64, these contents 64a) make to form each alkali-metal each corresponding halogen compounds.

15. by the method for claim 14, it is characterized in that, with the form input of decentralized photo in the mineral oil at least a reactant from each alkali metal and each alkali metal hydrogen oxygen compound class group.

16. by the method for claim 15, it is characterized in that, for separately each alkali-metal each halogen compounds and mineral oil and centrifugation reaction vessel (69) contain thing.

17. have the device of the process chamber (1) that is used to remove each electrical large equipment, these equipment are filled with each hydrocarbon from PCB and each PCB mixture class group, wherein this process chamber (1) is equipped with at least one heater (9,9a), and be to be connected to being connected on this condensing unit vacuum extractor afterwards at least one condensing unit with being connected to, it is characterized in that, on the process chamber (1) that has horizontal axis and end face chamber door (4), arranged from each transformer and capacitor class group before at process chamber (1), each large equipment (24 that has housing, 25) usefulness first placing platform (22), and in process chamber (1), so arranged these described large equipment (24,25) usefulness, second placing platform with first placing platform (22) centering, make these large equipments (24,25) be can otherwise individually, or be placed in the process chamber (1) with good working condition in groups.

18. have the device of the process chamber (76) that is used to remove each electrical large equipment, these equipment are filled with each hydrocarbon from PCB and each PCB mixture class group, this process chamber (76 wherein, 88) at least one heater (81) is equipped with, and be to be connected to being connected on this condensing unit vacuum extractor afterwards at least one condensing unit with being connected to, it is characterized in that, capping (79 above having vertical axis and being positioned at, 80) process chamber (76,88) on, in process chamber (76), arranged each large equipment (24 that has housing from each transformer and capacitor class group, 25) usefulness placing platform, these large equipments (24,25) be can otherwise individually, or be placed on this placing platform with good working condition in groups.

19. device by one of claim 17 and 18, it is characterized in that, distributed the pressure sensor of its output access adjuster (52c) for process chamber (1,76,88), the output of adjuster is again to insert one to be arranged in process chamber (1,76,88) and in the control valve (52a) in the extraction pipeline (52) between the vavuum pump (53), and the pumping power of vavuum pump (53) is according to process chamber (1 by this control valve, 76,88) internal pressure rated value is adjustable.

20. the device by claim 17 and one of 18 is characterized in that, has arranged at least a heater from resistance heater (9), heater coil (81), thermal radiation device, induction coil and each contact electrode class group as thermal source.

21. device by one of claim 17 and 18, it is characterized in that, at process chamber (1,76,88) connected an ejector condenser (32) that has first nozzle (33) that at least one handling oil uses afterwards, spray district (35) is positioned under this nozzle (33), distributed a closed circuit (36) that has at least one cooling device (42) for this ejector condenser (32) at this, and one is held the recipient (39) that road binders uses that loops back that has each PCB and is connected on this closed circuit (36).

22. by the method for claim 21, it is characterized in that, arranged that in the top in the spray district (35) of ejector condenser (32) has the packed column (47) that at least one is connected to second nozzle (48) on the same loop loop (36).

23. the device by claim 21 is characterized in that a vavuum pump (53) is connected on this ejector condenser (32), and arranged at least one active carbon filter (54,55) in having the extraction pipeline (52) of vavuum pump (53).

24. the device by claim 23 is characterized in that one of each active carbon filter (54) is connected this vavuum pump (53) before.

25. the method by claim 21 is characterized in that, has connected the catalyst converter (56) of an oxidation afterwards at vavuum pump (53).

26. device by one of claim 17 and 18, it is characterized in that, a catalyst converter (27) is to be arranged in process chamber (1,76,88) in the extraction pipeline (26), but in this catalyst converter input from each gas condition of hydrogen and each hydrocarbon gas class group under these PCB are heating power ground each corresponding halogen compounds of changing hydrogen into.

27. device by one of claim 17 and 18, it is characterized in that, at least one surface condenser (58,66,67) be to be connected process chamber (1,76,88) afterwards, in this surface condenser, are the condensates that can generate a kind of tarry time solid from these hydrocarbons, and this surface condenser (58,66,67) be to be connected to that one-period ground can be on the heat cycles loop (59) of condensation phase and changing-over between the thawing stage, and at this surface condenser (58,66,67) connected afterwards one collect the recipient that the condensate that melts uses (64,64a).

28. the device by claim 27 is characterized in that, has connected a second surface condenser (67) that has one second recipient (64a) afterwards at this surface condenser (66).

29. by claim 27 and 28 device one of at least, it is characterized in that, each reaction vessel (69) is to be assigned to these recipients (39,64,64a), this reaction vessel is used at least a reactant from each alkali metal and each alkali metal hydrogen oxygen compound class group is transformed into these alkali-metal each corresponding halogen compounds

30. the device by claim 29 is characterized in that, has been connected a centrifuge (73) with mineral oil in order to separate these alkali-metal halogen compounds afterwards at this reaction vessel (69).

31. the device by claim 21 and 22 is characterized in that ejector condenser (32) and packed column (47) structurally are one.

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