CN114910359A - Testing device capable of realizing acousto-optical gas signal monitoring under triaxial condition of coal rock - Google Patents
Testing device capable of realizing acousto-optical gas signal monitoring under triaxial condition of coal rock Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
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- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
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- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
A testing device capable of realizing acousto-optical gas signal monitoring under a coal rock triaxial condition belongs to the technical field of coal rock triaxial testing equipment. The device capable of realizing acousto-optic gas signal monitoring test under the triaxial condition of the coal rock comprises a pressure chamber, an axial pressure loading device, a confining pressure loading device, a sound emission device, image detection equipment and a gas monitoring device, wherein a lower metal permeable stone is arranged on the inner side of the pressure chamber, an upper metal permeable stone and an axial pressure loading rod are arranged on the inner side of the pressure chamber, axial pressure is applied to a coal rock sample by the axial pressure loading device, the confining pressure is applied to the coal rock sample by the confining pressure loading device, the sound emission device comprises a sound emission probe and a sound emission monitor, the image detection equipment comprises an image detection camera and a reflector, and the gas monitoring device comprises an air inlet pipeline, an exhaust pipeline, a gas sensor and an electronic flowmeter. The acousto-optic-gas signal monitoring test device capable of realizing the triaxial coal rock sample loading and unloading condition can realize gas seepage monitoring, crushing condition monitoring, stress strain monitoring and image real-time recording of the coal rock sample under the triaxial coal rock sample loading and unloading condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal rock triaxial test equipment, in particular to a device capable of realizing an acousto-optical signal monitoring test under a coal rock triaxial condition.
Background
Along with the continuous deepening of scientific and technical research, current conventional equipment has not satisfied the test demand, the coal petrography unipolar compression test that the servo universal tester of computer goes on, can only follow single axial angle and carry out mechanical test to the coal petrography, traditional triaxial test equipment mainly adopts the mode of oil pressure to carry out the load, can not observe in real time and accurately measure the deformation of coal petrography when the load, and simulate out the three-dimensional stress state of coal petrography in the laboratory, it is very important that the high accuracy records test process, consequently, the laboratory needs a triaxial equipment that is applicable to the coal petrography and can realize accurate measurement urgently at present.
The existing triaxial test equipment mainly comprises two aspects, one is that: the stress strain of the coal rock cannot be intuitively and accurately reflected by adopting an oil pressure mode for loading; another aspect is: the triaxial equipment is basically designed around the saturated soil test, although the triaxial equipment can meet the triaxial graphic measurement function of the saturated soil, the saturated soil has great difference in various aspects such as strength, density and the like compared with coal rock, and therefore, the triaxial equipment has great improvement space in the aspects of equipment configuration and use requirements of a test system.
Although the patent publication CN 107816950A-a sample surface deformation digital image measuring apparatus and method based on sub-pixel corner recognition can realize the deformation observation of the whole surface, it has the following problems: the strength of the upper base and the lower base of the sample is low, so that the strength requirement of the coal rock cannot be met; the thickness of the mapping film is not enough, and the coal rock can be cracked; the upper base and the lower base are easy to enter water during the test, and once water enters, the gas flow is influenced, so that the data are inaccurate. The patent with publication number CN 112284901A-a pseudo-triaxial rock testing machine and a using method thereof, the device belongs to a completely sealed condition when testing, has no image acquisition function, and cannot accurately measure coal rock change in real time; the mechanical loading mode is adopted, and the precision degree of the force (loading strength) is not high; the strain and seepage conditions of the part could not be tested. The patent with publication number CN 112146993A-rock mechanics triaxial testing machine adopts liquid oil pressure mode, the oil is not transparent, image measurement can not be performed in real time, and strain condition and seepage condition of the piece can not be tested.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device capable of realizing an acoustic-optical gas signal monitoring test under a triaxial condition of coal rock, which can realize gas seepage monitoring, crushing condition monitoring, stress strain monitoring and image real-time recording of a high-strength coal rock sample under a triaxial loading and unloading condition.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a device capable of realizing an acousto-optical gas signal monitoring test under a coal rock triaxial condition comprises a pressure chamber, an axial pressure loading device, a confining pressure loading device, an acoustic emission device, a graph testing device and a gas monitoring device;
a base is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the pressure chamber, a lower metal permeable stone, an upper metal permeable stone and a shaft pressing loading rod are sequentially arranged in the middle of the base from bottom to top, and a coal rock sample is placed between the lower metal permeable stone and the upper metal permeable stone;
the axial pressure loading device is arranged outside the pressure chamber and is used for applying axial pressure to the coal rock sample;
the confining pressure loading device comprises a water injection port for injecting water into the pressure chamber and a confining pressure power rod for applying confining pressure to the coal rock sample;
the acoustic emission device comprises acoustic emission probes which are respectively arranged inside the lower metal permeable stone and the upper metal permeable stone, the acoustic emission probes are connected with an acoustic emission monitor outside the pressure chamber, and the acoustic emission probes collect acoustic emission signals inside the coal rock sample during testing and send the acoustic emission signals to the acoustic emission monitor for recording;
the mapping equipment comprises a mapping camera arranged outside a pressure chamber window and a reflector arranged on one side of the coal rock sample away from the mapping camera;
the gas monitoring device comprises a gas inlet pipeline connected with the lower metal permeable stone and a gas outlet pipeline connected with the upper metal permeable stone, and a gas sensor is arranged at the part of the gas inlet pipeline, which is positioned outside the pressure chamber, and is used for monitoring gas pressure; and the part of the exhaust pipeline, which is positioned outside the pressure chamber, is provided with an electronic flowmeter for monitoring the gas flow.
Furthermore, the axle pressure loading device comprises a microcomputer servo universal testing machine and an axle pressure lifting table, the microcomputer servo universal testing machine is connected with the top end of the axle pressure loading rod, and the axle pressure lifting table is located below the pressure chamber.
Further, the outside of the coal rock sample is sequentially wrapped with a transparent latex film and a diagram-measuring latex film, and the diagram-measuring latex film is provided with a plurality of diagram measuring points.
Further, the window is provided with a high-pressure resistant mirror.
Furthermore, a light shield is arranged outside the picture measuring camera, the base is embedded in the plurality of LED lamps, and the plurality of LED lamps are uniformly arranged along the outer circumferential direction of the metal permeable stone at the lower part.
Furthermore, metal filter screens are arranged between the lower end faces of the lower metal permeable stones and the coal rock sample and between the upper end faces of the upper metal permeable stones and the coal rock sample.
Furthermore, the acoustic emission probe is connected with the acoustic emission monitor through an acoustic emission connecting line and is used for feeding back the damage condition in the coal rock.
Further, the pressure chamber comprises a cylindrical tank body and a sealing cover which is arranged at the top of the tank body in a sealing mode, the sealing cover is connected with a shaft pressure loading rod penetrating through the middle of the sealing cover in a sealing and sliding mode, the tank body is connected with the sealing cover through a sealing bolt, and the inside of the pressure chamber is isolated from the outside.
Furthermore, the sealing cover is disassembled and moved through an auxiliary lifting device, the auxiliary lifting device comprises a supporting column, the bottom of the supporting column is fixedly connected with a nut of a nut screw structure, and the nut screw structure drives the supporting column to move left and right; the supporting column is provided with a vertical sliding rod, the vertical sliding rod is connected with a mechanical arm in a sliding mode, a mechanical lifting rod is arranged below the mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm moves up and down along the vertical sliding rod due to the lifting of the mechanical lifting rod; the end part of the mechanical arm is provided with a gripper which is used for gripping the gripping part at the top of the sealing cover and is used for realizing that the mechanical arm grips the sealing cover; the support plate is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the mechanical arm, and a plurality of electric wrenches are arranged below the support plate and used for screwing or loosening the sealing bolts.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the method is mainly applied to the measurement of properties such as coal-rock mechanical properties, seepage characteristics and the like in a laboratory;
2) according to the invention, the lower metal permeable stone and the upper metal permeable stone are made of high-strength metal, so that the metal permeable stones can bear the strength of coal rocks;
3) the transparent latex film is arranged, so that the latex film is prevented from cracking in the test process, and the coal rock breaking condition can be visually observed after the test;
4) the invention sets graph measuring points through a graph measuring latex film to realize the measurement of strain and seepage conditions through graph measurement;
5) according to the method, an acoustic emission signal in the coal rock crushing process is measured in real time through an acoustic emission device, and the internal fracture condition of the coal rock is reflected;
6) the invention records the flow data of gas passing through coal rock in real time through the electronic flowmeter, and accurately measures the flowing gas;
7) the invention adopts a soft mode of water pressure loading, has higher loading precision, adopts normal temperature distilled water as a medium, realizes image measurement and can record the change of a test piece in real time;
8) the electric wrench can automatically seal and disassemble the sealing cover, so that the condition that the sealing is not tight due to manual operation is avoided;
9) the auxiliary lifting device avoids the danger caused by the overlarge weight of the sealing cover.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a left side view of a device for monitoring and testing acousto-optic gas signals of coal rocks under triaxial conditions according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a device for monitoring and testing acousto-optic gas signals of coal rocks under triaxial conditions, according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a device for monitoring and testing acousto-optic gas signals of coal rock under triaxial conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary lifting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:
1-microcomputer servo universal tester; 2-axial compression loading rod; 3-metal permeable stone at the lower part; 4-metal screen; 5-coal rock end face; 6-axial compression lifting platform; 7-high voltage resistant mirror; 8-graphic camera; 9-a camera platform; 10-a light shield; 11-an acoustic emission probe; 12-an acoustic emission connecting line; 13-an acoustic emission monitor; 14-upper metal permeable stone; 15-testing the latex film; 16-a mirror; 17-an air intake line; 18-moisture drying tube; 19-a gas sensor; 20-water injection port; 21-normally closed valves; 22-a gas valve; 23-an electronic flow meter; 24-confining pressure loading port; 25-a closing bolt; 26-a vertical slide bar; 27-a robotic arm; 28-nut screw structure; 29-a support plate; 30-an electric wrench; 31-mechanical lifting rod; 32-a pressure chamber; 33-an exhaust line; 34-LED lamps; 35-sealing cover.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a communication between two elements, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides a device capable of realizing an acoustic-optical gas signal monitoring test under a triaxial condition of a coal rock, which comprises a pressure chamber 32, an axial pressure loading device, a confining pressure loading device, an acoustic emission device, a graph testing device and a gas monitoring device;
a base is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the pressure chamber 32, a lower metal permeable stone 3, an upper metal permeable stone 14 and a shaft pressure loading rod 2 are sequentially arranged in the middle of the base from bottom to top, and a coal rock sample is placed between the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14;
the axial pressure loading device is arranged outside the pressure chamber 32 and is used for applying axial pressure to the coal rock sample;
the confining pressure loading device comprises a water injection port 20 for injecting water into the pressure chamber 32 and a confining pressure power rod for applying confining pressure to the coal rock sample;
the acoustic emission device comprises acoustic emission probes 11 respectively arranged in the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14, the acoustic emission probes 11 are connected with an acoustic emission monitor 13 outside the pressure chamber 32, and the acoustic emission probes 11 collect acoustic emission signals in the coal rock sample during testing and send the acoustic emission signals to the acoustic emission monitor 13 for recording;
the mapping equipment comprises a mapping camera 8 arranged outside a window of the pressure chamber 32 and a reflector 16 arranged on the side, away from the mapping camera 8, of the coal rock sample;
the gas monitoring device comprises an air inlet pipeline 17 connected with the lower metal permeable stone 3 and an air outlet pipeline 33 connected with the upper metal permeable stone 14, wherein a gas sensor 19 is arranged at the part of the air inlet pipeline 17, which is positioned outside the pressure chamber 32, and is used for monitoring the gas pressure; the part of the exhaust line 33 outside the pressure chamber 32 is provided with an electronic flow meter 23 for monitoring the gas flow.
The axial pressure loading device comprises a microcomputer servo universal testing machine 1 and an axial pressure lifting platform 6, wherein the microcomputer servo universal testing machine 1 is connected with the top end of an axial pressure loading rod 2, the axial pressure lifting platform 6 is located below a pressure chamber 32, in the embodiment, the microcomputer servo universal testing machine 1 and the axial pressure lifting platform 6 are integrated to provide axial power for a three-axis test, the axial power is a power source of the axial pressure loading rod 2, the axial pressure loading rod 2 is a transmission rod of axial force and is used for transmitting the axial force, the pressure chamber 32 is placed on the axial pressure lifting platform 6 during the test, the axial pressure lifting platform 6 is lifted to push the pressure chamber 32 to move upwards, the microcomputer servo universal testing machine 1 abuts against the top end of the axial pressure loading rod 2 to apply set axial pressure for a coal rock sample, and the microcomputer servo universal testing machine 1 sets and displays an axial pressure value.
The transparent latex film and the graph-measuring latex film 15 are sequentially wrapped outside the coal rock sample, the graph-measuring latex film 15 is provided with a plurality of graph-measuring points, specifically, the transparent latex film is 1mm thick and is sleeved outside the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical coal rock sample, and the transparent latex film wrapped outside the coal rock sample can well guarantee that the graph-measuring latex film 15 cannot be punctured by broken pieces of the coal rock sample and leak water in the test process due to the fact that the surface of the coal rock sample is uneven and high in strength; and after the coal rock breaking test is finished, the transparent latex film wrapped outside the coal rock sample is beneficial to clearly observing the fracture damage condition of the coal rock sample, and the properties of different coal rocks after different condition tests are analyzed from a macroscopic angle. The outer side of the transparent latex film is wrapped with a pattern latex film 15, the pattern latex film 15 is a black latex film, a plurality of square white recognition areas are arranged on the black latex film (in the schematic diagram of fig. 1, for the purposes of clear pattern and color comparison, the black latex film is represented by white, and the white recognition areas are represented by black), four corner points of each white recognition area are pattern measuring points, the pattern latex film 15 is protected by the transparent latex film on the inner side, the pattern measuring points on the pattern latex film 15 are photographed by a pattern measuring camera 8 and sent to an upper computer to be recorded, the coal rock condition is reflected, and stress-strain data are measured and recorded in real time according to the change of the corner points of the square white recognition areas, so that the situation is comprehensive and accurate. During the test, after the transparent latex film and the graph latex film 15 are wrapped outside the coal rock sample, the coal rock sample is arranged between the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14, the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14 play a role in fixing the coal rock sample, the coal rock sample adopts a coal rock cylindrical standard test piece, the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14 are both made of high-strength metal, and reasonable ventilation hole positions are arranged, can bear the high strength of the coal rock sample in the long-term use process, can not be damaged or deformed to lose efficacy, particularly under the condition of high confining pressure, the intensity of the coal rock when being crushed is very high, the intensity of the traditional permeable stone is low, the contact part of the coal rock end face 5 can not be ensured to be kept in a horizontal state all the time, the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14 of the present invention have a serious influence on the coal rock test, which is avoided.
The anti high pressure mirror 7 of window installation, in the experiment, pressure chamber 32 internal pressure is very big, for guaranteeing experimental effect, sets up anti high pressure mirror 7 between picture survey camera 8 and picture survey emulsion film 15, and picture survey camera 8 sees through anti high pressure mirror 7 and takes a picture the record.
The outside of camera 8 is provided with lens hood 10 is surveyed to the picture, a plurality of LED lamp 34 is scarf jointed to the base, a plurality of LED lamp 34 evenly sets up along the outside circumference of lower part metal permeable stone 3, lens hood 10 is used for hiding the outside sunlight of camera 8 is surveyed to the picture, all light sources such as light, avoid the influence of external light source, LED lamp 34 throws light on to pressure chamber 32 is inside, rely on the soft light source of the inside LED lamp 34 of pressure chamber 32, realize that the picture is surveyed emulsion film 15 visual, the equipment of being convenient for the picture carries out the picture and surveys the record.
In the invention, the chart measuring camera 8 is arranged outside the pressure chamber 32 through the camera platform 9, the camera platform 9 supports the chart measuring camera 8 to ensure the stable work of the chart measuring camera 8, and the chart measuring camera 8 is an implementer of the chart function and records the change of the chart measuring points on the external chart measuring latex film 15 of the coal rock sample in real time through the high-pressure resistant mirror 7 to reflect the change of the coal rock sample in the test. The two reflectors 16 are arranged, the image measuring camera 8 is used for recording from one direction and is not complete, the two reflectors 16 are located on one side, away from the image measuring camera 8, of the coal rock sample in a 120-degree included angle mode, the image measuring equipment is an integral body formed by the image measuring camera 8, the high-pressure resistant mirror 7, the image measuring latex film 15, the transparent latex film and the reflectors 16, and the image measuring camera 8, the high-pressure resistant mirror 7, the image measuring latex film 15, the transparent latex film and the reflectors 16 are located on the same level, so that the image measuring camera 8 can achieve comprehensive measurement and recording of image measuring points on the image measuring latex film 15 on the outer side of the coal rock sample.
All be provided with metal screen 4 under lower part metal permeable stone 3 and the coal petrography sample between the terminal surface under and between upper portion metal permeable stone 14 and the coal petrography sample up end, in this embodiment, coal petrography terminal surface 5 is terminal surface and coal petrography sample up end under including the coal petrography sample, transparent latex film only wraps up the face of cylinder of coal petrography sample with drawing survey latex film 15, do not wrap up coal petrography terminal surface 5, metal screen 4 is located between metal permeable stone and the coal petrography terminal surface 5, coal petrography terminal surface 5 contacts with metal permeable stone under metal screen 4's protection, under the broken condition of coal petrography sample after the experiment, prevent that the coal petrography fragment from entering into inside the metal permeable stone, influence follow-up test.
The acoustic emission probe 11 is connected through acoustic emission connecting wire 12 with acoustic emission monitor 13 for the inside damage condition of feedback coal petrography, and the part that acoustic emission connecting wire 12 is located the pressure chamber 32 outside sets up normal close formula valve 21, and normal close formula valve 21 is used for protecting acoustic emission monitor 13, prevents that metal permeable stone from influencing acoustic emission monitor 13 after intaking. Inside the pressure chamber 32, the exhaust pipeline 33 and the outside of the acoustic emission connecting line 12 share a metal supporting rubber tube, and after the metal supporting rubber tube extends out of the pressure chamber 32, the exhaust pipeline 33 and the acoustic emission connecting line 12 are separated through a tee joint.
The stress wave phenomenon generated by rapid release of strain energy caused by crack expansion, plastic deformation or phase change and the like in the coal rock material is called acoustic emission, and the acoustic emission signals of the coal rock sample in the triaxial test are recorded in real time by a set of acoustic emission devices to judge the damage condition of the internal structure of the coal rock, and the acoustic emission signals are combined with the measurement of the coal rock surface map, so that the change condition of the coal rock in the triaxial test process can be comprehensively obtained. In the embodiment, the acoustic emission probes 11 inside the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14 are contacted with the coal rock sample in a test for measuring the coal rock breaking condition, the acoustic emission probes 11 are connected with the acoustic emission connecting wire 12, and the acoustic emission connecting wire 12 is communicated to the acoustic emission monitor 13 to realize measurement and recording. The acoustic emission probe 11, the acoustic emission connecting wire 12 and the acoustic emission monitor 13 form a whole, and the internal condition of the coal rock sample during the test is measured to obtain the crushing and damage conditions of the coal rock sample.
The pressure chamber 32 comprises a cylindrical tank body and a sealing cover 35 which is hermetically arranged at the top of the tank body, the sealing cover 35 is hermetically and slidably connected with the axial pressure loading rod 2 penetrating through the middle of the tank body, the tank body is connected with the sealing cover 35 through a sealing bolt 25, the isolation of the inside of the pressure chamber 32 from the outside is ensured, and the sealing cover 35 is hermetically and slidably connected with the axial pressure loading rod 2, so that the axial pressure loading rod 2 and the sealing cover 35 can move simultaneously, and the axial pressure loading rod 2 can apply axial pressure to a rock sample through relative sliding during axial loading.
To ensure the test effect, normal temperature distilled water is injected into the pressure chamber 32 through the water injection port 20. The pressure chamber 32 is provided with the confining pressure loading port 24, the confining pressure loading port 24 is connected with the confining pressure power rod, the confining pressure power rod is used for pushing a medium inside the pressure chamber 32 to compress, the confining pressure loading inside the pressure chamber 32 is achieved, and the confining pressure loading port 24 can be provided with a pressure sensor and used for monitoring the confining pressure in real time.
For better simulation gas migration law in the pit, the external gas management and control of air inlet pipeline 17 lets in gas to coal petrography sample inside in the experiment, and air inlet pipeline 17 sets up gas sensor 19 and control flap, and gas sensor 19 real-time supervision gas pressure changes, through control flap control gas pressure size, realizes gas pressure's accurate control. Exhaust pipe 33 sets up gas valve 22, gas lets in lower part metal permeable stone 3 through air inlet pipeline 17, flow through coal petrography hole and upper portion metal permeable stone 14 again, circulate to gas valve 22 through exhaust pipe 33, it is outdoor to leading-in again, the electronic flowmeter 23 real-time supervision record circulation gas condition, detect the flow variation of gas through coal petrography, after the coal petrography is broken, water can enter into exhaust pipe 33, need close gas valve 22, protect electronic flowmeter 23, gas pressure before getting into the coal petrography sample through monitoring gas and gas flow behind the gas outflow, simulation gas migration law in the pit. When the gas pressure measuring device is specifically implemented, an upper computer can be arranged and is respectively connected with the gas sensor 19 and the electronic flowmeter 23, the gas sensor 19 collects gas pressure in real time and sends the gas pressure to the upper computer, the upper computer controls the control valve according to test requirements to realize accurate control of the gas pressure, and the electronic flowmeter 23 monitors the gas flow in real time and sends the gas flow to the upper computer for display and storage.
In order to guarantee the test precision, the gas pipeline sets up moisture drying tube 18, if the metal permeable stone intakes because of the test, in time eliminate moisture, can influence gas flow, lead to the test data deviation, after the test, aerify from the one end that the gas pipeline is located electron flowmeter 23, blow in moisture drying tube 18 with the water in the metal permeable stone, moisture drying tube 18 plays the effect of dry moisture, through setting up moisture drying tube 18, also can guarantee that intake pipeline 17 and upper and lower metal permeable stone are dry, guarantee that gas flow is not influenced by moisture, moisture drying tube 18 adopts prior art, its main constitution is allochroic silica gel and molecular sieve absorbed impurity.
As shown in fig. 4, the sealing cover 35 is detached and moved by an auxiliary lifting device, the auxiliary lifting device includes a supporting column, the bottom of the supporting column is fixedly connected with a nut of the nut-screw structure 28, and the nut-screw structure 28 drives the supporting column to move left and right; the supporting column is provided with a vertical sliding rod 26, the vertical sliding rod 26 is connected with a mechanical arm 27 in a sliding mode, a mechanical lifting rod 31 is arranged below the mechanical arm 27, and the mechanical arm 27 moves up and down along the vertical sliding rod 26 due to the lifting of the mechanical lifting rod 31; the end part of the mechanical arm 27 is provided with a gripper for gripping the gripping part at the top of the sealing cover 35 and for realizing that the mechanical arm 27 grips the sealing cover 35; a support plate 29 is fixedly connected below the mechanical arm 27, and a plurality of electric wrenches 30 are arranged below the support plate 29 and used for screwing or loosening the closing bolts 25.
In the invention, the auxiliary lifting device can realize the screwing and loosening of the sealing bolt 25 on the sealing cover 35 and the lifting and front-back movement of the sealing cover 35, so as to conveniently realize the putting in and taking out of the coal rock sample. Nut lead screw structure 28 adopts prior art, and it includes motor, lead screw, slider and optical axis, and screw overcoat dress screw, screw pass through the slider and link firmly bottom the support column, and the motor drives the lead screw and rotates, makes the slider remove about the optical axis, and then realizes removing about the support column. The mechanical lifting rod 31 can adopt an electric push rod to push the mechanical arm 27 to move up and down along the vertical sliding rod 26, after the mechanical arm 27 grabs the sealing cover 35, the mechanical lifting rod 31 can lift up and down, and the nut screw structure 28 can move left and right.
In order to ensure the use safety, the invention adopts the auxiliary lifting device, the sealing cover 35 is made of high-strength metal, so the quality is very large, the sealing ring is arranged between the sealing cover 35 and the tank body, the manual loading, unloading and screwing sealing are very difficult, and the safety and the efficiency of loading, unloading and lifting the sealing cover 35 are fully ensured by the auxiliary lifting device. In this embodiment, the sealing bolts 25 are made of a metal with a large specification and high strength, the sealing covers 35 are provided with 8 sealing bolts 25, the electric wrench 30 is provided with 8 sealing bolts 25, when the sealing covers 35 and the tank body need to be installed, the nut-screw structure 28 drives the sealing covers 35 with the sealing bolts 25 to move rightwards to the upper side of the tank body with the sealing rings, the mechanical lifting rod 31 drives the sealing covers 35 to descend, so that the sealing bolts 25 are inserted into the bolt holes of the tank body, then the electric wrench 30 works to tighten the sealing bolts 25 to realize the sealing connection of the sealing covers 35 and the tank body, finally, the mechanical arm 27 loosens the grasping part at the tops of the sealing covers 35, and the mechanical arm 27 is removed. When the sealing cover 35 and the tank body need to be detached, the mechanical arm 27 is moved to the top of the sealing cover 35 and a grasping part of the sealing cover is grasped, the electric wrench 30 loosens the sealing bolt 25 when the sealing bolt 25 is loosened, the mechanical lifting rod 31 drives the sealing cover 35 to ascend, after the sealing bolt 25 is completely loosened, the electric wrench 30 stops working, the mechanical lifting rod 31 drives the sealing cover 35 to continuously ascend to a position convenient for left and right movement, and the nut screw structure 28 drives the sealing cover 35 with the sealing bolt 25 to move left, so that the sealing cover 35 and the tank body are separated.
The invention relates to a working principle of a device capable of realizing acousto-optic gas signal monitoring test under the triaxial condition of coal rock, which comprises the following steps:
normal temperature distilled water is selected as a medium, and the confining pressure required by the pressure chamber 32 is achieved by compressing water;
the transparent latex film and the pattern-measuring latex film 15 are sleeved outside the coal rock sample, the transparent latex film is arranged inside the coal rock sample to play a role in protection, the pattern-measuring latex film 15 is arranged outside the coal rock sample, and the pattern-measuring latex film is matched with pattern-measuring equipment to measure coal rock change;
the coal and rock sample sleeved with the transparent latex film and the graph detection latex film 15 is attached and installed between a lower metal permeable stone 3 and an upper metal permeable stone 14, the lower metal permeable stone 3 is fixed on a base of a pressure chamber 32, the upper metal permeable stone 14 is attached and fixed through a shaft pressing loading rod 2, metal filter screens 4 are arranged at the joints of the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14 and the coal and rock sample, broken coal and rock are prevented from entering the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14, the lower metal permeable stone 3 is connected with an air inlet pipeline 17, and the upper metal permeable stone is connected with an electronic flowmeter 23 and an acoustic emission monitor 13 outside the pressure chamber 32 through metal supporting rubber pipes;
the pressure chamber 32 is filled with normal temperature distilled water which is used as a pressurized medium and can realize point selection of graph measurement;
in the test, the loading and unloading of confining pressure are realized by the compression and the release of water, the loading and unloading of axial pressure are realized by an axial pressure loading rod 2, and the axial pressure loading rod 2 is connected with a microcomputer servo universal testing machine 1 and provides power for the microcomputer servo universal testing machine by virtue of an axial pressure lifting platform 6.
The invention discloses a device capable of realizing acousto-optic gas signal monitoring test under the triaxial condition of coal rock, which comprises the following use steps:
(1) wrapping a transparent latex film and a pattern latex film 15 outside the standard cylindrical coal rock sample;
(2) mounting and fixing the coal and rock sample sleeved with the transparent latex film and the graph latex film 15 between the lower metal permeable stone 3 and the upper metal permeable stone 14;
(3) normal temperature distilled water is injected into the pressure chamber 32 to ensure that the pressure chamber 32 is clean and transparent;
(4) the pressure in the pressure chamber 32 reaches the set confining pressure through the confining pressure power rod; applying a set axial pressure to the coal rock sample through a microcomputer servo universal tester 1, an axial pressure lifting table 6 and an axial pressure loading rod 2; introducing gas with set pressure into the coal rock sample;
(5) test data are collected through the acoustic emission device, the image measuring equipment and the gas monitoring device.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A device capable of realizing an acoustooptic gas signal monitoring test under the triaxial condition of coal rock is characterized by comprising a pressure chamber, an axial pressure loading device, a confining pressure loading device, an acoustic emission device, a diagram testing device and a gas monitoring device;
a base is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the pressure chamber, a lower metal permeable stone, an upper metal permeable stone and a shaft pressure loading rod are sequentially arranged in the middle of the base from bottom to top, and a coal rock sample is placed between the lower metal permeable stone and the upper metal permeable stone;
the axial pressure loading device is arranged outside the pressure chamber and is used for applying axial pressure to the coal rock sample;
the confining pressure loading device comprises a water injection port for injecting water into the pressure chamber and a confining pressure power rod for applying confining pressure to the coal rock sample;
the acoustic emission device comprises acoustic emission probes which are respectively arranged inside the lower metal permeable stone and the upper metal permeable stone, the acoustic emission probes are connected with an acoustic emission monitor outside the pressure chamber, and the acoustic emission probes collect acoustic emission signals inside the coal rock sample during testing and send the acoustic emission signals to the acoustic emission monitor for recording;
the mapping equipment comprises a mapping camera arranged outside a pressure chamber window and a reflector arranged on one side of the coal rock sample far away from the mapping camera;
the gas monitoring device comprises a gas inlet pipeline connected with the lower metal permeable stone and a gas outlet pipeline connected with the upper metal permeable stone, and a gas sensor is arranged at the part of the gas inlet pipeline, which is positioned outside the pressure chamber, and is used for monitoring gas pressure; and the part of the exhaust pipeline, which is positioned outside the pressure chamber, is provided with an electronic flowmeter for monitoring the gas flow.
2. The device capable of realizing the acousto-optical gas signal monitoring test under the triaxial condition of the coal rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the axial pressure loading device comprises a microcomputer servo universal testing machine and an axial pressure lifting table, the microcomputer servo universal testing machine is connected with the top end of the axial pressure loading rod, and the axial pressure lifting table is positioned below the pressure chamber.
3. The device capable of realizing the acousto-optical gas signal monitoring test under the coal-rock triaxial condition according to claim 1, wherein a transparent latex film and a graph-measuring latex film are sequentially wrapped outside the coal-rock sample, and the graph-measuring latex film is provided with a plurality of graph measuring points.
4. The device capable of realizing the acousto-optical signal monitoring test under the triaxial condition of the coal rock according to claim 1, wherein the window is provided with a high-pressure resistant mirror.
5. The device capable of realizing the acousto-optical signal monitoring test under the triaxial condition of the coal rock according to claim 1, wherein a light shield is arranged outside the image measuring camera, the base is embedded with a plurality of LED lamps, and the LED lamps are uniformly arranged along the outer circumferential direction of the metal permeable stone at the lower part.
6. The device capable of realizing the acousto-optical signal monitoring test under the triaxial condition of the coal rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein metal filter screens are respectively arranged between the lower metal permeable stone and the lower end face of the coal rock sample and between the upper metal permeable stone and the upper end face of the coal rock sample.
7. The device capable of realizing the monitoring test of the acoustophosphogas signals under the triaxial condition of the coal rock according to claim 1, wherein the acoustic emission probe is connected with the acoustic emission monitor through an acoustic emission connecting line.
8. The device capable of realizing the acousto-optical gas signal monitoring test under the triaxial condition of the coal rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure chamber comprises a cylindrical tank body and a sealing cover hermetically arranged at the top of the tank body, the sealing cover is hermetically and slidably connected with an axial pressure loading rod penetrating through the middle of the tank body, and the tank body is connected with the sealing cover through a sealing bolt.
9. The device capable of realizing the acousto-optical signal monitoring test under the triaxial coal rock condition according to claim 8, wherein the sealing cover is disassembled and moved through an auxiliary lifting device, the auxiliary lifting device comprises a supporting column, the bottom of the supporting column is fixedly connected with a nut of a nut-screw structure, and the nut-screw structure drives the supporting column to move left and right; the supporting column is provided with a vertical sliding rod, the vertical sliding rod is connected with a mechanical arm in a sliding mode, a mechanical lifting rod is arranged below the mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm moves up and down along the vertical sliding rod due to the lifting of the mechanical lifting rod; the end part of the mechanical arm is provided with a gripper for gripping the gripping part at the top of the sealing cover; the support plate is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the mechanical arm, and a plurality of electric wrenches are arranged below the support plate and used for screwing or loosening the sealing bolts.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116148036A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-05-23 | 安徽理工大学 | Experimental device and method capable of measuring strain field of loading process of gas-containing coal rock mass |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116148036A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-05-23 | 安徽理工大学 | Experimental device and method capable of measuring strain field of loading process of gas-containing coal rock mass |
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