CN114910056B - Mountain building slope detection protection method based on BIM technology - Google Patents
Mountain building slope detection protection method based on BIM technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114910056B CN114910056B CN202210456194.0A CN202210456194A CN114910056B CN 114910056 B CN114910056 B CN 114910056B CN 202210456194 A CN202210456194 A CN 202210456194A CN 114910056 B CN114910056 B CN 114910056B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mountain building slope detection protection method based on BIM technology, which comprises the steps of uniformly distributing target objects on the surface of a slope retaining wall according to fixed intervals, and numbering the target objects in the transverse and vertical directions; a laser scanner is arranged on a building wall, and initial data scanning is carried out on a target object; building a BIM model of the relative space between the retaining wall and the laser scanner; scanning the original information of the retaining wall and linking with the BIM model; carrying out displacement analysis on the original data in the height and horizontal directions according to the follow-up monitoring data; comparing the displacement analysis result with a preset threshold value, and reconstructing a BIM model when the displacement analysis result exceeds the preset threshold value; and according to displacement analysis, visually displaying the abnormal point location graph into a BIM model, and sending an evacuation signal by a parallel connection residential security system. The remarkable effects are as follows: dynamic monitoring and early warning of the mountain building slope are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nitrogen spring machining equipment, in particular to a mountain building slope detection protection method based on a BIM technology.
Background
China is a country with multiple mountains, the mountain area is about 2/3 of the area of the country, and the mountain landforms of Chongqing, guizhou, yunnan and the like are more prominent. However, with the acceleration of the urban process and the increase of the requirements of residents on living environment, more and more mountain landforms are used for developing and constructing resident living lands, the mountain landform resident living lands at the present stage are developed to meet the requirement of anti-seismic structure, the developing lands are often designed by adopting a 'flattening' method, the original balance of the mountain is damaged by adopting the 'flattening' design method, and slope retaining walls are needed to be made on possible instable parts to prevent instability.
The retaining wall is classified into: gravity type retaining wall, balanced weight type retaining wall, cantilever type retaining wall, arm-rest type retaining wall, stake board-like retaining wall, add muscle soil formula retaining wall, anchor board-like retaining wall, stock retaining wall, soil nail formula retaining wall, different retaining walls and construction project become a permanent main part after engineering construction is accomplished, protect the safety of whole building. The risk that the retaining wall is unstable and collapses can appear when encountering situations such as natural disasters in the long-term use process to influence building safety, so the detection protection method of mountain building side slopes needs to be invented, geological information in the BIM model, retaining wall model information and retaining wall detection information are linked, and then different natural disasters change monitoring frequencies such as: heavy rain, earthquakes, etc. control the detection frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a mountain building slope detection protection method based on BIM technology, which is used for distinguishing slope bodies and target objects through different electromagnetic properties among different mediums, measuring the position change of the target objects through light reflection and realizing the protection and early warning of mountain building refutation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A mountain building slope detection protection method based on BIM technology is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: uniformly distributing target objects on the surface of the side slope retaining wall according to fixed intervals, and numbering the target objects in the transverse and vertical directions;
Step 2: a laser scanner is arranged on a building wall, and initial data scanning is carried out on a target object;
Step 3: building a BIM model of the relative space between the retaining wall and the laser scanner;
Step 4: scanning the original information of the retaining wall and linking with the BIM model;
step 5: carrying out displacement analysis on the original data in the height and horizontal directions according to the follow-up monitoring data;
Step 6: comparing the displacement analysis result with a preset threshold value, and reconstructing a BIM model when the displacement analysis result exceeds the preset threshold value;
step 7: and according to displacement analysis, visually displaying the abnormal point location pattern into a BIM model, and sending an evacuation signal by a parallel connection residential security system.
Further, the pitch of the targets in step 1 is not greater than 5m.
Further, after the laser scanner is arranged in the step 2, the total station is utilized to perform position measurement on laser scanning and then scanning is performed.
Further, the building step of the BIM model in the step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1: the space positioning is carried out on the surface of the retaining wall by utilizing the reflection characteristic of the surface of the object irradiated by the laser dot matrix;
step 3.2: according to the difference of reflection intensity of the laser lattice on different materials, distinguishing a wall body and a target object;
step 3.3: carrying out surfacing treatment according to the scanning result;
step 3.4: and (3) creating a retaining wall body and a target BIM model according to the surface in the step 3.3.
Further, the specific steps of scanning the original information of the retaining wall and linking with the BIM model in the step 4 are as follows:
step 4.1: extracting the space position information of a single reflection source, wherein the number of the characteristic points of the single reflection source is more than or equal to 4;
step 4.2: editing scanning information through the characteristic that the wall material and the target material are different in laser reflection intensity, and extracting boundary points of different materials to obtain target positioning information;
step 4.3: and inputting the target object positioning information into a BIM model, and taking the information stored in the BIM model as original data.
Further, the following monitoring step in step 5 is:
step 5.1: setting a laser detection scanning base station on an adjacent structure of a retaining wall of a building to be monitored;
step 5.2: when no structure exists within the range of 25 meters of the retaining wall, erecting a small settlement amount erection point and erecting a base station;
step 5.3: the base station sets fixed monitoring frequency and abnormal natural disaster monitoring frequency, and monitors displacement data of the wall body;
step 5.4: performing horizontal and vertical monitoring displacement analysis according to the obtained monitoring data;
step 5.5: when the horizontal and vertical monitoring displacement values exceed the early warning threshold, the linkage building security equipment issues evacuation warning information.
Further, the specific process of performing the horizontal and vertical monitoring displacement analysis in step 5.2 is as follows:
According to the same monitoring point coordinates in different periods recorded in the database, calculating the difference values delta D and delta H of the horizontal and vertical direction coordinates in different periods, and calculating the change rate delta V according to the monitoring frequency.
The invention has the remarkable effects that: the laser scanner is erected on the wall body or the wall top of a building to be protected, and the detection function of the retaining wall is realized by continuously ranging the target according to fixed frequency, so that the slope body and the target are distinguished through the difference of electromagnetic properties among different media, the position change of the target is measured through the reflection of light, and the dynamic monitoring and early warning of the mountain building slope are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments and working principles of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a mountain building slope detection protection method based on a BIM technology comprises the following specific steps:
Step 1: uniformly distributing target objects on the surface of the side slope retaining wall according to fixed intervals, and numbering the target objects in the transverse and vertical directions;
In this example, the target thing is evenly laid according to interval L, and L interval does not allow to be greater than 5000mm, and the size of target thing is 100mm (length) x 100mm (width) x 6mm (thickness) to number according to horizontal and vertical direction to the target thing, the number example: X01-Y05;
Step 2: a laser scanner is arranged on a building wall, and initial data scanning is carried out on a target object;
after the laser scanner is arranged, the total station is used for carrying out position measurement on laser scanning and then scanning.
Step 3: building a BIM model of the relative space between the retaining wall and the laser scanner;
The specific building steps of the BIM model are as follows:
step 3.1: the space positioning is carried out on the surface of the retaining wall by utilizing the reflection characteristic of the surface of the object irradiated by the laser dot matrix;
step 3.2: according to the difference of reflection intensity of the laser lattice on different materials, distinguishing a wall body and a target object;
step 3.3: carrying out surfacing treatment according to the scanning result;
step 3.4: and (3) creating a retaining wall body and a target BIM model according to the surface in the step 3.3.
Step 4: the method comprises the following specific steps of:
Step 4.1: extracting the spatial position information of a single reflection source according to the characteristics in the step 2, wherein the number of the characteristic points of the single reflection source is more than or equal to 4;
step 4.2: editing scanning information through the characteristic that the wall material and the target material are different in laser reflection intensity, and extracting boundary points of different materials to obtain target positioning information;
step 4.3: and inputting the target object positioning information into a BIM model, and taking the information stored in the BIM model as original data.
Step 5: according to the follow-up monitoring data, carrying out displacement analysis on the original data in the height and horizontal directions, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 5.1: setting a laser detection scanning base station on an adjacent structure of a retaining wall of a building to be monitored;
step 5.2: when no structure exists within the range of 25 meters of the retaining wall, erecting a small settlement amount erection point and erecting a base station;
Step 5.3: the base station sets a fixed monitoring frequency and an abnormal natural disaster monitoring frequency, monitors displacement data of the wall body, wherein the fixed monitoring frequency is 15 days/time, and the natural disaster monitoring frequency is 2 hours/time;
Step 5.4: and (3) extracting scanning results of each time according to the method in the step 4.2, and performing horizontal and vertical monitoring displacement analysis according to a monitoring point database. Calculating the difference value delta D and delta H of the coordinates in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction in different periods according to the same monitoring point coordinates in different periods recorded in a database, and calculating the change rate delta V according to the monitoring frequency;
step 5.5: when the horizontal and vertical monitoring displacement values exceed the early warning threshold, the linkage building security equipment issues evacuation warning information.
Step 6: the retaining wall has a natural sedimentation process in the use process, the displacement analysis result, namely the change rate DeltaV, is compared with a preset threshold value, and when the change rate DeltaV exceeds the preset threshold value, a BIM model is rebuilt;
step 7: and according to displacement analysis, visually displaying the abnormal point location pattern into a BIM model, and sending an evacuation signal by a parallel connection residential security system.
According to the embodiment, the target objects are arranged on the surface of the finished side slope or retaining wall at uniform intervals, the laser scanner which is arranged on the wall body or the wall top of a building to be protected is erected, the detection function of the retaining wall is realized by continuously ranging the target objects according to fixed frequency, the slope body and the target objects are distinguished through the difference of electromagnetic properties among different mediums, the position change of the target objects is measured through the reflection of light, and then the dynamic monitoring and early warning of the side slope of the mountain building are realized.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. The mountain building slope detection and protection method based on the BIM technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1: uniformly distributing target objects on the surface of the side slope retaining wall according to fixed intervals, and numbering the target objects in the transverse and vertical directions;
Step 2: a laser scanner is arranged on a building wall, and initial data scanning is carried out on a target object;
step 3: building a BIM model of the relative space between the retaining wall and the laser scanner; comprising the following steps:
step 3.1: the space positioning is carried out on the surface of the retaining wall by utilizing the reflection characteristic of the surface of the object irradiated by the laser dot matrix;
step 3.2: according to the difference of reflection intensity of the laser lattice on different materials, distinguishing a wall body and a target object;
step 3.3: carrying out surfacing treatment according to the scanning result;
step 3.4: creating a retaining wall body and a target BIM model according to the surface in the step 3.3;
step 4: scanning the original information of the retaining wall and linking with the BIM model; the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 4.1: extracting the space position information of a single reflection source, wherein the number of the characteristic points of the single reflection source is more than or equal to 4;
step 4.2: editing scanning information through the characteristic that the wall material and the target material are different in laser reflection intensity, and extracting boundary points of different materials to obtain target positioning information;
Step 4.3: inputting target object positioning information into a BIM model, and taking information stored in the BIM model as original data;
step 5: carrying out displacement analysis on the original data in the height and horizontal directions according to the follow-up monitoring data;
step 5.1: setting a laser detection scanning base station on an adjacent structure of a retaining wall of a building to be monitored;
step 5.2: when no structure exists within the range of 25 meters of the retaining wall, erecting a small settlement amount erection point and erecting a base station;
step 5.3: the base station sets fixed monitoring frequency and abnormal natural disaster monitoring frequency, and monitors displacement data of the wall body;
step 5.4: performing horizontal and vertical monitoring displacement analysis according to the obtained monitoring data; the specific process is as follows:
according to the same monitoring point coordinates in different periods recorded in the database, calculating the difference values delta D and delta H of the coordinates in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction in different periods, and calculating the change rate delta V according to the monitoring frequency;
step 5.5: when the horizontal and vertical monitoring displacement values exceed the early warning threshold values, the linkage building security equipment issues evacuation warning information;
step 6: the retaining wall has a natural sedimentation process in the use process, the displacement analysis result, namely the change rate DeltaV, is compared with a preset threshold value, and when the change rate DeltaV exceeds the preset threshold value, a BIM model is rebuilt;
step 7: and according to displacement analysis, visually displaying the abnormal point location pattern into a BIM model, and sending an evacuation signal by a parallel connection residential security system.
2. The mountain construction slope detection and protection method based on the BIM technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the distance between the targets in the step 1 is not more than 5m.
3. The mountain construction slope detection and protection method based on the BIM technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (2) after the laser scanner is arranged in the step (2), the total station is utilized to perform position measurement on laser scanning and then scanning is performed.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106123845A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-11-16 | 国家测绘地理信息局第六地形测量队 | Slope displacement monitoring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique |
| CN112884647A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-01 | 青岛国信海天中心建设有限公司 | Embedded part construction positioning method based on BIM point cloud technology guidance |
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| KR100993873B1 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-11-11 | 한국건설기술연구원 | Measuring Method using Digging face Visual Information Measuring System |
| CN106600690B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2020-09-18 | 厦门理工学院 | Complex building three-dimensional modeling method based on point cloud data |
| JP2019052467A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-04-04 | 清水建設株式会社 | Measurement system and measurement method |
| CN110411361B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2021-08-17 | 首都师范大学 | Laser detection data processing method for mobile tunnel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106123845A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-11-16 | 国家测绘地理信息局第六地形测量队 | Slope displacement monitoring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique |
| CN112884647A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-01 | 青岛国信海天中心建设有限公司 | Embedded part construction positioning method based on BIM point cloud technology guidance |
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