CN114908380A - One-key type automatic continuous quantitative discharging system - Google Patents
One-key type automatic continuous quantitative discharging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114908380A CN114908380A CN202210350688.0A CN202210350688A CN114908380A CN 114908380 A CN114908380 A CN 114908380A CN 202210350688 A CN202210350688 A CN 202210350688A CN 114908380 A CN114908380 A CN 114908380A
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/34—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of metals not provided for in groups C25C3/02 - C25C3/32
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A one-touch automated continuous metered tapping system comprising: the rare earth electrolytic furnace is internally provided with an anode and a cathode, and a receiver is arranged below the cathode; the ingot casting box comprises a split box body and a box cover, wherein the box cover is connected to the suspension system, the box body and the box cover are connected through an automatic buckling assembly, and the box body is provided with a butt joint port matched with the siphon; the siphon is connected to the box body and used for forming a siphon passage between the receiver and the ingot casting box; and the weighing device is arranged between the box cover and the suspension system and is used for measuring the weight of the high-temperature molten metal extracted by the ingot box. The invention changes the inherent design structure of the ingot box in the prior art, adopts the split type structural layout of the ingot box, designs the precision control part on the box cover, and immediately separates the box cover from the ingot box body after the electrolysis tapping action of the molten rare earth metal is finished, thereby solving the problems of stable use of the precision control part under the working conditions of high temperature and high dust, accurate positioning of the siphon and continuous cooling of subsequent products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rare earth metal electrolytic tapping, in particular to a one-key type automatic continuous quantitative tapping system.
Background
The rare earth element is a general name of 17 elements including lanthanide series, scandium and yttrium in IIIB group of the periodic table, is usually represented by RE or REE, has unique optical, electrical, magnetic and other properties, and is an important raw material in the modern high and new technology field. The novel functional material, the electronic material, the optical material, the special alloy, the organic metal compound and the like which are made of the rare earth element are widely applied to the high and new technical fields of electronic information, new energy, new materials, energy conservation, environmental protection, aerospace and the like. Chinese rare earth mineral resources are rich, and good resource conditions are provided for developing the development of rare earth industry.
China is rich in rare earth resources, and the industrial reserves account for the first place in the world. Besides the Baiyunebo mixed type north mine and the ion adsorption type south mine in the inner Mongolia autonomous region, rare earth mine varieties such as monazite, xenotime, bastnaesite and the like are also available in provinces such as Jiangxi, Guangdong, Shandong, Sichuan and Hunan.
At present, the preparation of rare earth compounds, rare earth metals and rare earth alloys is commonly carried out by an extraction separation-precipitation method, a molten salt electrolysis method, a vacuum reduction method and the like, and the molten salt electrolysis method is the mainstream process for currently preparing single rare earth metals, mixed rare earth metals and rare earth alloys by taking the purity advantage of the molten salt electrolysis method as the main process. The molten salt electrolysis method is a method for preparing rare earth metal by reducing rare earth ions in a rare earth-containing molten salt electrolyte into metal by electrons obtained by a cathode of an electrolytic furnace (also called an electrolytic bath) under the action of direct current. The method is a main production method for preparing light rare earth metals of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, praseodymium and neodymium, mixed rare earth metals, rare earth iron alloy, rare earth aluminum alloy and rare earth magnesium alloy. The main industrial method for preparing rare earth metal is molten salt electrolysis, which is divided into two types according to the rare earth molten salt electrolysis system, one is RCl 3 -kcl (nacl) chloride systems, electrolytic rare earth chlorides; second, RF 3 -LiF-BaF 2 (CaF 2 ) The fluoride salt system electrolyzes rare earth oxide, and the purity of the prepared rare earth metal is generally 95-99.5%. Compared with the vacuum reduction method for preparing rare earth metals (metal terbium, metal dysprosium, metal samarium and the like), the electrolysis method is easy to implementContinuous production, low cost, large output and the like.
In the prior art, high-temperature molten metal in a rare earth electrolytic furnace is transferred into a mold box for ingot casting and cooling by methods such as a siphon method, a ladle method, a crucible lifting method and the like, but for the siphon method, the following defects exist: the volume of drawing of the unable accurate control high temperature molten metal liquid of accomplishing, the die cavity in the mould case sets up according to the requirement for quality of target metal, volume through the control die cavity reaches the volume of drawing and the ingot casting shape size of control molten metal promptly, but the high temperature characteristic more than 1000 ℃ of melting point based on rare earth metal, make the stability of mould case also be higher than the normal operating temperature environment of all kinds of sensors, so can't be used for measuring the high temperature molten metal weight that the mould case was contained, the mode that adopts at present is production operating personnel's visual observation mode still, this also leads to the high temperature molten metal to accomplish quantitative extraction out of stove difficulty, product quality uniformity deviation is great, operation safety exists certain danger.
Disclosure of Invention
In light of the problems raised by the background art, the present invention is addressed by a one-touch automated continuous metered tapping system, as further described below.
A one-button automatic continuous quantitative tapping system comprises
The rare earth electrolytic furnace is internally provided with an anode and a cathode, and a receiver is arranged below the cathode;
the ingot casting box comprises a split box body and a box cover, the box cover is connected to the suspension system, the box body and the box cover are connected through an automatic buckling assembly, and a butt joint matched with the siphon is arranged on the box body;
the siphon is connected to the box body and used for forming a siphon passage between the receiver and the ingot casting box;
and the weighing device is arranged between the box cover and the suspension system and is used for measuring the weight of the high-temperature molten metal extracted by the ingot box.
Preferably, the box cover is matched with a plurality of box bodies for use, after the ingot casting box is moved to the cooling area, the box cover is separated from the box bodies, and the box cover is buckled with the other box body; aims to maintain the continuity of extraction to improve the preparation efficiency and simultaneously make the box body in an opening state to accelerate cooling.
Preferably, the mounting platform comprises an automatic buckling assembly and a weighing device, the mounting platform is connected to the suspension system, at least two groups of gears are mounted on the mounting platform, connecting rods are connected to the gears in a non-rotating mode, the tops of the connecting rods are in downward contact with the gears, and the connecting rods penetrate through the gears and the mounting platform and are connected with the box cover; the bottom of the connecting rod is provided with a buckle, the part of the connecting rod, which is matched with the box cover, is a round rod, the box cover is provided with a round hole, and the connecting rod can independently rotate relative to the box cover; the box body is provided with a position avoiding groove at one side, the shape of the position avoiding groove is consistent with that of the buckle, the buckle and the position avoiding groove are of non-circular structures, the purpose is that the buckle rotates by a certain angle after passing through the position avoiding groove and then is staggered with the position avoiding groove, and the box cover and the box body are buckled together to carry out lifting or translation treatment; the gear is driven by the driving motor to rotate.
Preferably, the avoiding position is provided with a clamping groove in a staggered mode, the clamping groove is identical to the buckle in shape, the purpose is that the buckle rotates for a certain angle through the avoiding position and then is matched with the clamping groove, the side wall of the clamping groove limits the buckle, and the box body is prevented from sending lateral movement in the moving process.
Preferably, the mounting platform is further provided with a transmission gear and a driving motor, the transmission gear is respectively meshed with the gears, the output of the driving motor is connected with a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the transmission gear; the purpose is to only arrange a group of driving motors to drive a plurality of groups of connecting rods to rotate.
Preferably, the box cover is further provided with an air suction port, and the air suction port is connected to an air suction device through an air pipe; an air cylinder is fixed below the mounting platform, and an output rod of the air cylinder is abutted downwards on the box cover; the purpose is that when the weight of the weighing device reaches a preset value, the air extractor acts, the air pressure in the ingot box rises rapidly to return the high-temperature molten metal in the siphon to the receiver, and the purpose of quantitative tapping and extraction is achieved.
Preferably, a cooling pipe is wound on the connecting rod, and a cooling medium circulates in the cooling pipe; aim at carries out cooling treatment to the connecting rod, takes away heat energy and avoids heat energy conduction to driving motor and weighing device.
Preferably, the cathode is provided with a gas-collecting hood, the cathode is connected with the lifting deviation device, the top of the gas-collecting hood is connected with a gas collecting device, and a certain negative pressure is formed at the gas-collecting hood; the purpose is to ensure that the gas in the whole rare earth electrolytic furnace is sucked from the bottom of the gas collecting hood and then is discharged from the top of the gas collecting hood.
Preferably, the furnace is also provided with an avoiding structure linked with the furnace door, the avoiding structure comprises a sliding chute arranged on the furnace wall, a sliding block is arranged in the sliding chute, the sliding block and the furnace door are pivoted through a first connecting rod, the cathode is provided with a hoop, and the sliding block and the hoop are also pivoted through a second connecting rod; the purpose is to push the cathode to shift, expose the receiver at the bottom and give the siphon lifting space, and simultaneously, the receiver is designed in a miniaturized way to reduce the probability of impurities entering.
Preferably, the oven door opening structure is further included: the furnace door automatic-locking device comprises two side racks which are oppositely and fixedly arranged, wherein moving racks are arranged on the central line positions of the two side racks, symmetrical hobbing teeth are respectively meshed between the moving racks and the two side racks, the two hobbing teeth are pivoted to a furnace door through a third connecting rod, and the moving racks are connected to the output of a hydraulic cylinder. The aim is to realize the equal-angle opening of the furnace door by arranging symmetrical hobbing and an equal-length third connecting rod, thereby ensuring the action consistency of the avoiding structure.
Preferably, the center distance of the symmetrical hobbing is equal to the center distance of the pivoting position of the third connecting rod on the oven door, so as to ensure that the oven door can be completely closed.
Preferably, a limit block is further arranged in the chute, or the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder is programmed, so as to control the lateral movement distance of the cathode and avoid the contact between the cathode and the anode.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention changes the design structure of the ingot box inherent in the prior art, designs the box cover separated from the box body, designs the high-precision control part on the box cover, separates the box body filled with high-temperature molten metal, and sets the weighing device under the vacuum condition with low temperature to achieve the purpose of quantitative tapping and extraction based on the separation characteristic of the box cover; and the continuous extraction action and the cooling purpose of the ingot box are realized through the alternate action of the box cover and the box bodies. The invention also arranges an in-place sensor outside the furnace door to sense the in-place condition of the ingot box so as to automatically open the furnace door, and realizes the avoidance of the cathode to the siphon in the furnace door through a avoidance structure linked on the furnace door, thereby meeting the action requirement of the siphon and the miniaturization design of the receiver, and also arranges a furnace door opening structure to meet the equal-angle opening of the furnace door, and further ensuring the cathode lateral movement unidirectional and stable action. Based on the setting of above sensor and the linkage of each part, realized one-key formula control, reach quantitative tapping and continuous extraction purpose, product quality homogeneity, production efficiency and operation security performance all obtain showing and promote.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention has a structure schematic diagram;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram: the automatic buckling component is connected with the box body and the box cover;
FIG. 3: a top view of the mounting platform;
FIG. 4: the automatic buckling assembly is connected with the box body;
FIG. 5: a state diagram of the furnace door closed and the cathode in an initial electrolysis state;
FIG. 6: a state diagram of the furnace door opening and the cathode side shifting;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of: a state diagram of the furnace door opening structure for opening the furnace door;
FIG. 8: a state diagram of the furnace door opening structure closing the furnace door;
in the figure: the device comprises a rare earth electrolytic furnace 1, an ingot casting box 2, a box body 21, a position avoiding groove 211, a clamping groove 212, a box cover 22, a siphon pipe 3, an anode 4, a cathode 5, a receiver 6, a weighing device 7, an automatic buckling component 8, a mounting platform 81, a gear 82, a connecting rod 83, a buckle 84, a transmission gear 85, a driving motor 86, a driving gear 87, an air pipe 88, an air cylinder 89, a cooling pipe 9, a gas collecting hood 10, a hoop 11, a sliding groove 12, a sliding block 13, a furnace door 14, a first connecting rod 15, a second connecting rod 16, an edge rack 17, a moving rack 18, a hobbing gear 19, a third connecting rod 20, a hydraulic cylinder 21 and a limiting block 22.
Detailed Description
A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-8.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, a one-button automatic continuous quantitative discharging system comprises a rare earth electrolytic furnace 1, an ingot casting box 2 and a siphon 3, wherein the rare earth electrolytic furnace 1 is used for electrolyzing molten salt to obtain high-temperature molten metal, the electrolysis temperature is higher than the melting point of metal, specifically, 900-950 ℃ is used for preparing mixed rare earth metal and metal cerium by electrolysis, 1000-1030 ℃ is used for preparing metal lanthanum by electrolysis, 1050 ℃ is used for preparing praseodymium-neodymium metal by electrolysis, an anode 4 and a cathode 5 are arranged in the rare earth electrolytic furnace 1, electrode reaction occurs in the rare earth electrolytic furnace, the electrode reaction refers to half reaction occurring on two electrodes in a primary battery or an electrolytic cell, because in the primary battery and the electrolytic cell, oxidation reaction and reduction reaction occur on the two electrodes respectively, and electrolysis causes oxidation-reduction reaction on the cathode and the anode by passing current through electrolyte solution or molten electrolyte (also called electrolyte), the metal ions react at the cathode to obtain electrons to form atoms, the atoms are collected by a receiver 6 below the cathode 5 in a molten liquid state, the direct yield of the metal is 95-97%, and the purity is 95.0-99.5%.
The siphon 3 is used for communicating the receiver 6 in the rare earth electrolytic furnace with the ingot casting box 2, under the action of initial negative pressure, high-temperature molten metal in the receiver 6 enters the ingot casting box 2 by taking the siphon as a flow channel until a cavity in the ingot casting box is filled, and according to the explanation of the background art and the enumeration of the electrolysis temperature, the mode that the ingot casting box is directly placed on a working table top or a sliding rail in the prior art is not suitable for the applicable working condition environment of the current sensor.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the ingot box 2 employs a split-type box body 21 and a box cover 22, wherein the box cover 22 is connected to the suspension system, and the box cover 22 is provided with the weighing device 7 on a connection line with the suspension system, the suspension system is implemented by a conventional technical means, and only the requirement of suspending and translating the box cover 22 is met, which is not illustrated in the present embodiment. The box cover 22 is connected with or separated from the box body 21 through the automatic buckling assembly, when high-temperature molten metal needs to be extracted, the box body 21 and the box cover 22 are buckled through the automatic buckling assembly, the whole ingot casting box 2 is lifted by the suspension system, when the high-temperature molten metal is extracted into the ingot casting box, the weight of the ingot casting box is gradually increased and visually reflected on an instrument panel of the weighing device 7 or a controller connected with the instrument panel, and if the weight reaches a preset value, the controller is triggered to send a stop instruction to interrupt siphoning, so that the technical purpose of quantitative discharging and extracting is achieved.
The weighing device 7 is far away from the box body 21, the purpose is to enable the weighing device 7 to be in a safe and stable working environment, the box cover 22 is used for suspending the box body 21 in a hanging mode, a closed space is formed by the box body to achieve the effects of isolating heat and guaranteeing the air tightness of the device, and the working environment of the weighing device 7 is guaranteed to be appropriate through the comprehensive effects of isolating heat dissipation and remote temperature drop. It should be noted that the ingot casting box in the prior art is of a single structure and has an opening for abutting a siphon and observing the extraction amount, and the ingot casting box 2 is suspended in the embodiment, so that the ingot casting box forms a closed space, and the heat dissipation performance is insufficient compared with the opening design, based on the split design of the ingot casting box, the box cover 22 is connected with the suspension system and can be matched with the multiple boxes 21, after the high-temperature molten metal discharged from the furnace in a fixed amount is extracted, the suspension system moves the ingot casting box 2 to a cooling zone, then the automatic fastening assembly acts to separate the box cover 22 from the boxes 21, the boxes 21 containing the high-temperature molten metal are statically cooled, and the box cover 22 moves to another empty box 21 along with the suspension system and moves downwards to be fastened with the empty box 21, so as to repeatedly perform new extraction actions.
Referring to fig. 2-4, in this embodiment, the box body 21 and the box cover 22 which are designed to be separated are connected through the automatic fastening component 8, the automatic fastening component 8 includes a mounting platform 81, the mounting platform 81 is connected to the suspension system, at least two sets of gears 82 are mounted on the mounting platform 81, a connecting rod 83 is non-rotatably connected to the gears 82, the top of the connecting rod 83 is located on the gears 82 and contacts with the gears 82 downward under gravity, the connecting rod 83 penetrates through the gears 82 and the mounting platform 81 and then is connected to the box cover 22, the length of the connecting rod 83 is set according to the space height and the temperature drop to ensure that the working condition environment of the weighing device 7 is stable and appropriate, a buckle 84 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting rod 83, the matching part of the connecting rod 83 and the box cover 22 is a round rod, and the box cover 22 is provided with a round hole, that is that the connecting rod 83 can rotate independently relative to the box cover 22; the side of the box body 21 is provided with a spacing groove 211, the spacing groove 211 is in accordance with the shape of the buckle 84 to provide a channel for the buckle 84 to move downwards, the buckle 84 and the spacing groove 211 are in non-circular structures such as rectangles, and the purpose is that the buckle 84 rotates by a certain angle through the spacing groove 211 and then is staggered with the spacing groove 211, so that the box body 21 and the box cover 22 are buckled together to perform lifting or translation processing.
Furthermore, the avoiding hole 211 is further provided with a clamping groove 212 in a staggered manner, the clamping groove 212 is identical to the buckle 84 in shape, the purpose is that the buckle 84 rotates by a certain angle through the avoiding hole 211 and then is matched with the clamping groove 212, and the side wall of the clamping groove 212 limits the buckle 84, so that the box body 21 is prevented from moving laterally in the moving process.
In this embodiment, the mounting platform 81 is further provided with a transmission gear 85 and a driving motor 86, the transmission gear 85 is respectively engaged with the gear 82, the output of the driving motor 86 is connected with a driving gear 87, the driving gear 87 is engaged with the transmission gear 85, the driving motor 86 drives the driving gear 87 to rotate, the driving gear 82 rotates through the engagement between the driving gear 87 and the gear 82 to further drive the connecting rods 83 to rotate, and the purpose is to only provide one group of driving motors 86 to drive the plurality of groups of connecting rods 83 to rotate.
The tank 21 and/or the cover 22 are preferably provided with a butt joint port for the siphon 3 on the tank 21, and the purpose of the butt joint port for the siphon 3 on the tank 21 is to prevent the siphon from transferring heat upwards through heat conduction when the metal liquid is siphoned. After the ingot casting box 2 is moved to the side of the rare earth electrolytic furnace by the suspension system for a preset position, one end of the siphon 3 is moved downwards and is abutted on the box body 21, and the other end of the siphon is inserted into a receiver in the rare earth electrolytic furnace to form a flow path for high-temperature molten metal to enter the ingot casting box 2 from the receiver. The box cover 22 is further provided with an air pumping hole which is connected to an air pumping device through an air pipe 88, the air pumping device is used for maintaining the negative pressure state in the ingot casting box 2, so that the high-temperature molten metal in the receiver is pumped into the ingot casting box 2 under the pressure difference, the air pumping device is used for stopping the action only in the initial stage of pumping after the siphon is filled with the high-temperature molten metal, and the continuous pumping is maintained under the action of the siphon principle until the weight of the weighing device 7 reaches a preset value.
The box body 21 and the box cover 22 are separately arranged, the box cover 22 is pressed on the box body 21 under the pressure difference in the initial stage of siphoning, in one embodiment, after the weight of the weighing device 7 reaches a preset value, the siphon is lifted up to stop continuing siphoning, and at the moment, the high-temperature molten metal liquid remained in the siphon also enters the ingot box and can be considered in the setting of the preset value. In this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure quantitative tapping and extraction, an air cylinder 89 is fixed below the mounting platform 81, an output rod of the air cylinder 89 downwardly abuts against the box cover 22, the air cylinder 89 acts before siphoning, the box cover 22 is tightly pressed on the box body 21 by the output rod, and the air extractor acts after the weight of the weighing device 7 reaches a preset value, so that the air pressure in the ingot box 2 is rapidly raised, and the high-temperature molten metal in the siphon is hydraulically returned to the receiver.
The cooling pipe 9 is wound around the connecting rod 83, and a cooling medium, such as water, circulates in the cooling pipe 9 to cool the connecting rod 83. According to general knowledge, the efficiency of contact heat conduction is far greater than heat radiation efficiency, connecting rod 83 adopts the metal material that intensity is big in order to bear the ingot casting case of heavy weight, and metal heat conduction efficiency is high, and the cooling tube is taken away heat energy and is avoided heat energy conduction to driving motor and weighing device.
Referring to fig. 1, a gas hood 10 is provided on the cathode 5, and the cathode is connected to a lift-shift device so that the cathode and the gas hood 10 can be raised to facilitate initial charging and discharging. The anode is generally made of graphite, and oxygen ions lose electrons and are oxidized into CO on the anode 2 Or CO, the rare earth ions gain electrons at the cathode and are reduced to rare earth metals. The process of ion getting or losing electron on electrode to change into uncharged atom is called ion discharge, and as the result of ion discharge, electron deficiency appears on cathode, electron excess appears on anode, and under the action of DC external voltageIn the lower part, the excess electrons on the anode flow to the cathode through the wire. Decomposition Voltage under normal production conditions, the electrolysis results mainly in the decomposition of rare earth oxides, the precipitation of rare earth metals on the cathode and the release of CO on the anode 2 And CO, the gas collecting hood is arranged to facilitate the generation of carbon dioxide (CO) by the reaction 2 ) The structure is also suitable for chloride molten salt electrolysis, and is beneficial to collecting trace toxic gases (such as hydrogen fluoride and the like) generated in production for harmless treatment. The top of the gas collecting hood 10 is connected with a gas collecting device to form a certain negative pressure, so that the gas in the whole rare earth electrolytic furnace is ensured to be sucked from the bottom of the gas collecting hood and then discharged from the top of the gas collecting hood.
As mentioned above, the rare earth electrolytic furnace has high temperature, and the furnace door system is arranged outside the rare earth electrolytic furnace, the invention is a one-key operation system, the furnace door system is automatically opened when the suspension system approaches, the temperature of the space where the furnace door system is located is lower, and a conventional in-place sensor can be arranged to sense the position of the ingot box 2.
Referring to fig. 5-6, the receiver 6 is disposed below the cathode, and the metal is obtained by the reduction reaction on the cathode and collected by the receiver, the area of the receiver is larger than that of the cathode, so as to provide the need for pumping the high-temperature molten metal by downward movement of the siphon, and impurities are easily introduced when the area of the receiver is too large. In this embodiment, the cathode is connected to the avoiding structure, and when the ingot box is close to the rare earth electrolytic furnace, the avoiding structure acts to push the cathode away from the initial position, so that the cathode is shifted to vacate an action space for the siphon tube. Based on the foregoing, the molten metal temperature in the rare earth electrolytic furnace is high, and meanwhile, because of the environment accompanied by trace amounts of rare earth-containing dust and high-temperature gas (carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen fluoride, etc.), conventional sensors are not suitable for or are extremely easy to corrode and damage to cause failures, in this embodiment, the avoiding structure is connected to the furnace door, and the cathode is pushed away from the initial electrolysis position through the action of the opening linkage avoiding structure of the furnace door, and the specific scheme is as follows: a chute 12 is arranged on the wall of the electrolytic furnace, a slide block 13 is arranged in the chute 12, the slide block 13 and the furnace door 14 are pivoted through a first connecting rod 15, an anchor ear 11 is arranged on the cathode 5, and the slide block 13 and the anchor ear 11 are also pivoted through a second connecting rod 16; when the oven door 14 is opened, the oven door pushes the slide block to slide in the chute through the first connecting rod 15, and the slide block pushes the cathode to shift through the second connecting rod in the sliding process, so that the receiver at the bottom is exposed and a lifting space is provided for the siphon. Based on the avoiding structure, the receiver 6 can be designed in a small size to prevent harmful impurities such as trace rare earth-containing dust from entering the environment.
Referring to fig. 7-8, in the present embodiment, the avoiding structures are disposed on both sides of the cathode, and in order to maintain the consistency of the actions, the oven door is used as a power source to meet the consistency of the actions, and the oven door opening structure in the present embodiment is as follows: two fixed side racks 17 are oppositely arranged, moving racks 18 are arranged on the central line positions of the two side racks 17, symmetrical hobbing teeth 19 are respectively meshed between the moving racks 18 and the two side racks 17, the two hobbing teeth 19 are pivoted on the oven door 14 through a third connecting rod 20, and the moving racks 18 are connected to the output of a hydraulic cylinder 21. When the hydraulic cylinder 21 outputs, the movable rack 18 moves and is meshed with the hobbing teeth 19 to roll on the side rack 17, the movable hobbing teeth 19 are linked with the oven door 14 to be opened or closed through the third connecting rod 20, the oven door is opened at equal angles by arranging the symmetrical hobbing teeth 19 and the third connecting rod 20 with equal length, and the action consistency of the avoiding structure is further ensured.
The symmetrical hobbing 19 has a center distance equal to the center distance of the pivoting position of the third connecting rod 20 on the oven door 14, in order to ensure that the oven door can be completely closed.
A limit block 22 is further arranged in the chute 12, or the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is programmed, so as to control the lateral movement distance of the cathode and avoid the contact with the anode.
The invention changes the inherent design structure of the ingot casting box in the prior art, designs the box cover separated from the box body, designs a high-precision control component (such as a sensor) on the box cover, and separates the box body with high-temperature molten metal, and sets a weighing device at a low altitude based on the separation characteristic of the box cover to achieve the purpose of quantitative tapping and extraction; and the continuous extraction action and the cooling purpose of the ingot box are realized through the alternate action of the box cover and the box bodies. The invention also arranges a position sensor outside the furnace door to sense the position of the ingot box to automatically open the furnace door, and the position avoidance of the cathode to the siphon is learned by the position avoidance structure linked on the furnace door in the furnace door, thereby meeting the action requirement of the siphon and the miniaturization design of the receiver, and the invention also arranges a furnace door opening structure to meet the equal angle opening of the furnace door, and further ensuring the unidirectional lateral movement of the cathode and stable action. Based on the setting of above sensor and the linkage of each part, realized one-key formula control, reach quantitative and go out of stove and continuous extraction purpose, product quality homogeneity, production efficiency and operation security performance all obtain showing and promote.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A one-button automatic continuous quantitative tapping system is characterized by comprising:
the electrolytic furnace (1) of rare earth, built-in positive pole (4) and negative pole (5), set up the receptor (6) below the negative pole;
the ingot casting box (2) comprises a split box body (21) and a box cover (22), the box cover (21) is connected to the suspension system, the box body and the box cover are connected through an automatic buckling assembly (8), and the box body is provided with a butt joint port matched with a siphon pipe;
the siphon (3) is connected to the box body of the ingot box and used for forming a siphon passage between the receiver and the ingot box;
and the weighing device (7) is arranged between the box cover (22) and the suspension system and is used for measuring the weight of the high-temperature molten rare earth electrolytic metal liquid extracted by the ingot box.
2. The tapping system of claim 1, wherein:
the box cover (22) is matched with a plurality of box bodies (21) for use, after the ingot box (2) is moved to a cooling zone, the box cover (22) is separated from the box bodies (21), and the box cover (22) is buckled with another box body (21).
3. The tapping system of claim 1, wherein:
the mounting platform (81) comprises an automatic buckling assembly (8) and a weighing device (7), the mounting platform (81) is connected to the suspension system, at least two groups of gears (82) are mounted on the mounting platform (81), connecting rods (83) are connected to the gears (82) in a non-rotating mode, the tops of the connecting rods (83) are in downward contact with the gears (82), and the connecting rods (83) penetrate through the gears (82) and the mounting platform (81) and then are connected with the box cover (22); the bottom of the connecting rod (83) is provided with a buckle (84), the part of the connecting rod (83) matched with the box cover (22) is a round rod, the box cover (22) is provided with a round hole, and the connecting rod (83) can independently rotate relative to the box cover (22); the side of the box body (21) is provided with a position avoiding groove (211), the shape of the position avoiding groove (211) is consistent with that of the buckle (84), and the buckle (84) and the position avoiding groove (211) are of non-circular structures; the mounting platform (81) is further provided with a transmission gear (85) and a driving motor (86), the transmission gear (85) is meshed with the gear (82) respectively, the output of the driving motor (86) is connected with a driving gear (87), and the driving gear (87) is meshed with the transmission gear (85).
4. The tapping system of claim 3, wherein: the avoiding hole (211) is also provided with a clamping groove (212) in a staggered mode, the clamping groove (212) is consistent with the buckle (84) in shape, and the buckle (84) is matched with the clamping groove (212) after rotating for a certain angle through the avoiding hole (211).
5. The tapping system of claim 3, wherein:
the connecting rod (83) is wound with a cooling pipe (9), and a cooling medium flows in the cooling pipe (9) in a circulating mode.
6. The tapping system of claim 1, wherein:
an air suction opening is further formed in the box cover (22) and connected to an air suction device through an air pipe (88), an air cylinder (89) is fixed below the mounting platform (81), and an output rod of the air cylinder (89) is abutted to the box cover (22) downwards;
when the weight of the weighing device (7) reaches a preset value, the air exhaust device acts, the air pressure in the ingot casting box (2) is rapidly increased, and the high-temperature molten metal in the siphon is hydraulically returned to the receiver.
7. The tapping system of claim 1, wherein:
and the cathode (5) is provided with a gas-collecting hood (10), the cathode is connected with the lifting deviation device, and the top of the gas-collecting hood is connected with a gas collecting device to form a certain negative pressure at the gas-collecting hood.
8. The tapping system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein:
the furnace door structure is further provided with a position avoiding structure linked with the furnace door, the position avoiding structure comprises a sliding groove (12) arranged on the furnace wall, a sliding block (13) is arranged in the sliding groove (12), the sliding block (13) and the furnace door (14) are pivoted through a first connecting rod (15), the anchor ear (11) is arranged on the cathode (5), and the sliding block (13) and the anchor ear (11) are further pivoted through a second connecting rod (16).
9. The tapping system of claim 7, wherein:
still include the furnace gate structure of opening, including both sides rack (17) that relatively fixed set up, both sides rack (17) centerline position is provided with movable rack (18), and it has symmetrical hobbing (19) to mesh respectively between movable rack (18) and both sides rack (17), and two hobbing (19) are passed through third connecting rod (20) pin joint to furnace gate (14) on, movable rack (18) are connected to on the output of pneumatic cylinder (21).
10. The tapping system of claim 9, wherein:
a limit block (22) is further arranged in the sliding groove (12), or the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder (21) is set by a program to control the lateral movement distance of the cathode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210350688.0A CN114908380B (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | One-key type automatic continuous quantitative tapping system |
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| CN202210350688.0A CN114908380B (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | One-key type automatic continuous quantitative tapping system |
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| CN114908380B CN114908380B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115433971A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-06 | 宁波复能稀土新材料股份有限公司 | Multifunctional integrated automatic control device for rare earth alloy electrolytic cathode |
| CN117385419A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-01-12 | 赣州晨光稀土新材料有限公司 | Automatic tapping device for rare earth crucible |
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| CN104789991A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-07-22 | 江西理工大学 | Method and device for preparing high-purity rare earth metal through electrolytic refining and in-situ directional solidification |
| CN104805471A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-07-29 | 江西理工大学 | Method and device for preparing rare-earth metal through lower cathode electrolysis and in-situ ingot casting synchronization |
| CN111020639A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-17 | 福建省长汀金龙稀土有限公司 | Tombarthite fused salt electrolysis siphon casting device |
| CN112159995A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Siphon rare earth metal device and method for rare earth electrolytic tank |
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2022
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104789991A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-07-22 | 江西理工大学 | Method and device for preparing high-purity rare earth metal through electrolytic refining and in-situ directional solidification |
| CN104805471A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-07-29 | 江西理工大学 | Method and device for preparing rare-earth metal through lower cathode electrolysis and in-situ ingot casting synchronization |
| CN111020639A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-17 | 福建省长汀金龙稀土有限公司 | Tombarthite fused salt electrolysis siphon casting device |
| CN112159995A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Siphon rare earth metal device and method for rare earth electrolytic tank |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115433971A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-06 | 宁波复能稀土新材料股份有限公司 | Multifunctional integrated automatic control device for rare earth alloy electrolytic cathode |
| CN115433971B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2023-05-02 | 宁波复能稀土新材料股份有限公司 | Multifunctional integrated self-control device for rare earth alloy electrolytic cathode |
| CN117385419A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-01-12 | 赣州晨光稀土新材料有限公司 | Automatic tapping device for rare earth crucible |
| CN117385419B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-03-08 | 赣州晨光稀土新材料有限公司 | Automatic tapping device for rare earth crucible |
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| CN114908380B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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