CN114907697A - Flexible protective material with impact sensing function and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Flexible protective material with impact sensing function and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114907697A
CN114907697A CN202210648732.6A CN202210648732A CN114907697A CN 114907697 A CN114907697 A CN 114907697A CN 202210648732 A CN202210648732 A CN 202210648732A CN 114907697 A CN114907697 A CN 114907697A
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flexible
flexible material
material layer
thermal expansion
impact
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CN114907697B (en
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唐振华
薛珊珊
李元庆
付绍云
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Chongqing University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/32—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • C08J9/0071—Nanosized fillers, i.e. having at least one dimension below 100 nanometers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0052—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to impact
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/22—Expandable microspheres, e.g. Expancel®
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2383/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2383/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C08K3/042—Graphene or derivatives, e.g. graphene oxides

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of intelligent sensing and protection materials, in particular to a flexible protection material with an impact sensing function and a preparation method thereof. The flexible protective material is a laminated structure and comprises at least one flexible material layer in a three-dimensional porous structure; the flexible material layer is mainly made of a high polymer elastomer mixed with a nanometer conductive material, and the surface of the flexible material layer has microstructure characteristics. The preparation method comprises the steps of obtaining uniformly mixed nano conductive material, thermal expansion microspheres and high polymer elastomer solution mixed slurry; forming the mixed slurry into a flexible material blank with a three-dimensional porous structure; carrying out low-temperature heating on the flexible material layer blank, and further curing and shaping to obtain a flexible material; and (3) heating the flexible material layer at a high temperature to ensure that the thermal expansion microspheres expand when heated, so as to obtain the flexible material with the surface having the convex structural characteristics of the micro-airbag. The prepared flexible protective material has excellent impact sensing performance and impact attenuation capability.

Description

Flexible protective material with impact sensing function and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent sensing and protection materials, in particular to a flexible protection material with an impact sensing function and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The impact protection material is a functional material which can absorb and disperse impact energy when being subjected to external mechanical impact so as to protect people or objects from being injured by the impact. The traditional protective materials are usually rigid materials, such as metal insertion plates, ceramic insertion plates, high-performance fiber composite materials and the like, and the materials have high density and poor flexibility and toughness, so that the requirements of flexible protection on comfort, light weight and the like cannot be met. The flexible impact protection material has the advantages of excellent mechanical flexibility, wearing comfort, impact resistance and the like, has become a key point and a hot point of research in the field of human body protection in recent years, and has wide market application prospect in the application fields of military wars, sports, daily life and the like. Although shear thickening fluid or shear thickening glue is widely used for preparing flexible protective materials in recent years and has good impact protection performance, the shear thickening fluid has risks of leakage, precipitation, delamination and the like; the shear thickening glue has the problems of poor bonding strength with other materials and the like.
Along with the rapid development of the wearable equipment of intelligence, flexible protective material is vital to the perception sensing of external shock except that should have excellent shock resistance characteristic, helps preventing impact injury in advance and assesses impact strength. Although some flexible protective materials, such as those disclosed in chinese patent (CN 113897011A; CN113292858A), are available at present, none of these flexible protective materials has the function of impact sensing. Therefore, there is a need to develop a flexible protective material with impact sensing function.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flexible protective material with an impact sensing function and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing protective material is poor in flexibility and does not have the impact sensing function.
In view of the above objects, in one aspect, the present invention provides a flexible protective material with an impact sensing function, which is a layered structure and includes at least one flexible material layer having a three-dimensional porous structure;
the flexible material layer is mainly made of a high polymer elastomer (PDMS) mixed with a nano conductive material, and the surface of the flexible material layer has microstructure characteristics.
Further, the microstructure features are multi-scale micro-balloon protrusion structure features.
Furthermore, the convex structure characteristic of the micro-airbag is that the high polymer elastomer doped with the thermal expansion microspheres is heated, and the internal thermal expansion microspheres expand by heating to generate the micro-convex structure characteristic on the surface of the high polymer elastomer.
Further, the nano conductive material is a nano carbon material (NC).
Furthermore, the three-dimensional porous structure of the flexible material layer comprises a plurality of layers, strip-shaped structural bodies with gaps are reserved among the layers, and the strip-shaped structural bodies of the layers are arranged in a staggered mode.
Further, the cross section of the strip-shaped structural body is circular or oval.
Furthermore, the flexible electrode layer is further included, and the flexible material layer is tightly clamped between the two flexible electrode layers to form a sandwich structure.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the flexible protective material, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining uniformly mixed nano conductive material, thermal expansion microspheres and high polymer elastomer solution mixed slurry;
step 2, forming the mixed slurry into a flexible material blank with a three-dimensional porous structure;
step 3, performing low-temperature heating on the flexible material layer blank, and further curing and shaping to obtain a flexible material;
and 4, heating the flexible material layer at a high temperature to ensure that the thermal expansion microspheres expand when heated, so as to obtain the flexible material with the surface having the convex structural characteristics of the micro-airbag.
And 5, combining the layered flexible material with other required layered materials to obtain the flexible protective material.
Further, in the step 2, a 3D direct writing printer is used for forming the mixed slurry into a flexible material blank with a three-dimensional porous structure.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the nano conductive material to the high polymer elastomer in the step 1 is 1-7: 100, and the mass ratio of the thermal expansion microspheres to the high polymer elastomer is 5-40: 100.
Preferably, the nano conductive material in step 1 is one or a mixture of any two of single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene or carbon black.
Preferably, the polymer elastic material in step 1 is one of Ecoflex0010, Ecoflex0030, Ecoflex0050 or two-component Sylgard 184.
Preferably, the thermally expandable microspheres obtained in step 1 have a core-shell structure, wherein the outer shell is a thermoplastic acrylate polymer, and the inner core is spherical particles composed of hydrocarbon.
Preferably, the thermally expandable microspheres are one or more of the 120DU15 type, 180DU25 type or 180DU45 type microspheres in the POLYCHEM Clocell series of microspheres.
Preferably, the low-temperature heating in the step 3 is carried out at the temperature of 25-50 ℃ for 4-24 hours.
Preferably, the high-temperature heating in the step 4 is carried out at 85-140 ℃ for 7-20 min.
Further, the step 5 includes uniformly coating conductive adhesive on the upper and lower surfaces of the layered flexible material to form a flexible electrode, and attaching a high-strength flexible packaging material to obtain the flexible protective material with the impact sensing function.
Preferably, the conductive adhesive is one of a Wacker flexible electrode or a conductive silver paste.
Preferably, the flexible packaging material is one or more of high-strength PET, carbon fiber fabric, nylon cloth, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or Kevlar material.
The material surface of the flexible material layer referred to in the present invention is different from the surface of the flexible material layer, the former is a surface of each construct forming the three-dimensional porous structure in the flexible material, and the latter is a surface which appears when the flexible material layer is regarded as a whole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the base material of the flexible material layer used in the flexible protective material is a high-molecular elastomer and is formed into a three-dimensional porous structure, and the surface of the material has microstructure characteristics, so that the flexible protective material has better impact protection performance.
Mix in the material of flexible material layer among the flexible protective material with nanometer conducting material, the flexible material layer has had electrical property, and on the other hand, the flexible material layer can produce deformation when receiving the impact, and the material surface in the three-dimensional porous structure contacts each other under the effect of external force simultaneously for the resistance on flexible material layer changes. Receive the impact of different degree, the deformation degree and the contact state of flexible material layer also can be different, and then the degree that resistance changes also can be different, can realize the impact perception function through measuring the change of flexible material layer output resistance.
In some embodiments, the material surface of the flexible material layer has multi-scale features that are beneficial for simultaneously improving the sensitivity and measurement range of impact force sensing compared to a smooth material surface.
In some embodiments, due to the larger volume expansion ratio of the thermally expandable microspheres, the thermally expandable microspheres can be heated to directly and rapidly form a surface micro-convex structure on the surface of the material, the chemical substances in the microspheres are heated to vaporize to form a micro-airbag convex structure, the micro-airbag convex structure is a closed-cell structure with internal pressure, and simultaneously has high elasticity and can bear multiple pressurization/depressurization shells (thermoplastic acrylate polymer), and the structure is similar to an airbag, so that the flexible protective material in the invention has better impact protection performance; due to the fact that the thermal expansion degree of the thermal expansion microspheres is not uniform, the micro-airbag protruding structure has multi-scale characteristics similar to the surface of a biomass material, the corresponding preparation method can be used for forming the micro-airbag protruding structure with the multi-scale characteristics without any mould, and the micro-airbag protruding structure is simple, efficient and low in preparation cost.
The method is simple and efficient, and the prepared flexible protective material has excellent impact sensing performance and impact attenuation capability.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the present application in any way, and in which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a flexible protective material prepared in each embodiment of the present invention in part (a) and a schematic sectional view and partial schematic diagram of a direction a-a in part (b).
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation of the flexible material in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a flexible protective material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an SEM image of the flexible material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the impact sensing response curves of the flexible shielding material prepared in example 1 of the present invention at different impact heights.
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the impact properties of the flexible protective material prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention and a pure block PDMS material.
The reference numbers in the drawings in the specification comprise a flexible material layer 1, a flexible electrode layer 2, a packaging material layer 3 and a micro-airbag protruding structure 4.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The present invention is further illustrated below in specific examples, in which a flexible protective material with impact sensing capability is prepared substantially as shown in fig. 1.
As shown in part (a) of fig. 1, the flexible protective material is a layered structure, and includes a flexible material layer 1 with a three-dimensional porous structure, the flexible material layer is tightly sandwiched between two flexible electrode layers 2 to form a sandwich structure, and the upper and lower flexible electrode layers 2 are respectively attached with a packaging material layer 3.
The flexible material layer 1 is mainly made of a high molecular elastomer mixed with a nanometer conductive material, and has a three-dimensional porous structure, and the surface of the material has microstructure characteristics. The microstructure is characterized in that the macromolecular elastomer doped with the thermal expansion microspheres is heated, and the thermal expansion microspheres in the macromolecular elastomer are expanded by heating to generate on the surface of the macromolecular elastomer, so that the microstructure has multi-scale convex structural characteristics of the micro-airbag.
The following describes the preparation method of the flexible protective material by way of example in a plurality of embodiments, and the technical effects achieved by the present invention are illustrated by the results of the impact sensing performance and the impact attenuation performance test of the samples of the flexible protective material prepared by the embodiments.
Example 1
Adding a certain amount of nano carbon material (NC) and thermal expansion Microspheres (MS) into a high polymer elastomer (PDMS) solution, wherein the mass ratio of a main agent to a curing agent in the PDMS solution is 10:1, the mass ratio of the three materials is NC: MS: PDMS is 3:5:100, uniformly mixing for 2min at the rotating speed of 2000rpm by using a planetary mixer, and removing air bubbles in the solution to obtain a uniform mixed solution (slurry) of NC-MS-PDMS; in the embodiment, the nano-carbon material is multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), the thermal expansion microspheres are 120DU15 type, and the polymer elastomer is Sylgard 184.
The three-dimensional porous structure model of the flexible material layer 1 in the flexible protective material as exemplified in fig. 1 is established through computer-aided design, as shown in part (b) in fig. 1, the structural model designed in the embodiment is divided into a plurality of layers, strip-shaped structural bodies which are parallel to each other and have gaps are arranged in each layer, the strip-shaped structural bodies of two adjacent layers are arranged in an orthogonal mode, the strip-shaped structural bodies in the embodiment are uniformly arranged, the gaps among the strip-shaped structural bodies in the layers are 0.6mm, so that the material integrally forms a uniform three-dimensional porous structure, in addition, the cross section of each strip-shaped structural body is preferably designed to be circular, the diameter of each strip-shaped structural body is 0.7mm, and the design can be conveniently realized through extrusion type 3D printing.
However, the bar-shaped structures in the present invention are not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the cross-section of the bar-shaped structures may be designed in other shapes such as an oval, a square, or a triangle.
It is noted that the model herein does not include any auxiliary or support structure beyond the three-dimensional porous structure designed.
In the embodiment, 3D printing slice software slic3r is adopted to convert the three-dimensional porous structure model into a G code, and the G code is led into a 3D direct-writing printer; slowly injecting the prepared NC-MS-PDMS uniform mixed solution into a 20mL printing material cylinder, adopting the process flow shown in figure 2, firstly printing by an air pressure assisted extrusion type 3D printer to obtain an uncured flexible material blank with a three-dimensional porous structure, and adopting a 25G dispensing needle head as a printing nozzle; then placing the obtained flexible material blank in a 35 ℃ oven to heat for 12h to initiate polymerization reaction, and curing and shaping to obtain a flexible material with a three-dimensional porous structure; and then, placing the obtained flexible material in a 110 ℃ oven for high-temperature heating for 10min to obtain the flexible material with a three-dimensional porous structure and micro-airbag convex structural characteristics on the surface of the material as shown in fig. 3, wherein two scales of 1mm and 100 micrometers in fig. 4 show the convex structural characteristics of the micro-airbags in the embodiment, the distribution condition of the micro-airbags on the surface of the material can be clearly seen in the scale of 1mm, the convex structure of the micro-airbags is formed by expanding thermal expansion microspheres, is a closed-cell structure with internal pressure, has high elasticity and can bear multiple times of pressurization/pressure relief, and is equivalent to adding a plurality of 'safety airbags' in terms of the flexible material, and the impact protection performance of the material is further improved by combining the three-dimensional porous structure of the flexible material. As can be clearly seen in a 100-micron graph, due to the fact that the thermal expansion degree of the thermal expansion microspheres is uneven, the micro-airbag protruding structure has multi-scale characteristics similar to the surface of a biomass material, compared with the smooth material surface, the multi-scale microstructure characteristics are beneficial to simultaneously improving the sensitivity and the measuring range of impact force perception, and meanwhile, the micro-airbag protruding structure also provides better reversible deformation characteristics and stability for a flexible material; the circular cross section in the embodiment enables the contact between the strip-shaped structures to be approximately in line contact, so that the material surface area of the contact surface loss is reduced, and more material surface micro-airbag protruding structures can be formed.
And finally, uniformly coating conductive silver adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible protective material, leading out an electrode, and finally, sticking PET (polyethylene terephthalate) as a flexible packaging material to obtain the flexible protective material with the impact sensing function.
Example 2
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the nanocarbon material in this example is graphene, the thermal expansion microsphere is 120DU15 type, the polymer elastomer is Sylgard 184, and the mass ratio of the three materials is NC: MS: PDMS is 2:15: 100.
Heating the flexible material blank in a 45 ℃ oven for 8h to initiate polymerization reaction, and curing and shaping to obtain a flexible material with a three-dimensional porous structure;
and (3) heating the flexible material in an oven at the temperature of 130 ℃ for 7min to obtain the flexible material with the three-dimensional porous structure and the convex structure characteristics of the micro-air bag on the surface of the material.
The upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible material are uniformly coated with the wacker electrode material, an external electrode is led out, and finally the carbon fiber cloth is attached to serve as a flexible packaging material, so that the flexible protection material with the impact sensing function is obtained.
Example 3
The present example is different from example 1 in that the nanocarbon material in the present example is carbon black, the thermal expansion microspheres are 120DU15, the polymer elastomer is Sylgard 184, and the mass ratio of the three materials is NC: MS: PDMS is 1:35: 100.
Heating the flexible material blank in an oven at 25 ℃ for 24h to initiate polymerization reaction, and curing and shaping to obtain a flexible material with a three-dimensional porous structure;
and (3) heating the flexible material in a 110 ℃ oven for 15min at high temperature to obtain the flexible material with the three-dimensional porous structure and the material surface micro-airbag convex structure characteristics.
The upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible material are uniformly coated with the wacker electrode material, external electrodes are led out, and finally the carbon fiber cloth is attached to serve as a flexible packaging material, so that the flexible protection material with the impact sensing function is obtained.
In further embodiments, the nanocarbon material may be selected from, but not limited to, one of single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene or carbon black, or a mixture of a plurality of nanocarbon materials; the thermally expandable microspheres can be selected from one of the thermally expandable microspheres such as 120DU15 type, 180DU25 type or 180DU45 type microspheres in the POLYCHEM Clocell series microspheres, or the mixture of a plurality of thermally expandable microspheres; the polymer elastomer can be selected from but not limited to one of polymer elastomers such as Ecoflex0010, Ecoflex0030, Ecoflex0050 or two-component Sylgard 184.
In further embodiments, other nano-conductive materials than nano-carbon materials may be selected to impart electrical properties to the flexible material, such as, but not limited to, silver nanowires, silver nanoparticles, conductive polymers, and the like.
In further embodiments, the flexible packaging material may be selected from one of high-strength materials such as high-strength PET, carbon fiber fabric, nylon cloth, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or kevlar, or a mixture of multiple materials, and the mixing manner may be, but is not limited to, splicing or blending.
Impact sensing and impact attenuation Performance testing
The impact sensing and impact attenuation performance of the flexible protective material is tested by using a high-precision digital source meter (KEYSIGHT 34465A) in combination with an impact testing platform, an impact base on the impact testing platform is provided with a commercial pressure sensor, the flexible protective material is fixed on the upper surface of the commercial sensor, an impact ball freely falls from different heights right above a sample, and different impact energy is obtained by changing the mass or the free falling height of the impact ball. The flexible material layer 1 among the flexible protective material can produce deformation when receiving the impact, and porous material surface contacts each other under the effect of external force simultaneously for the resistance of flexible material layer 1 changes. Receive the impact of different degree, the deformation degree of flexible material layer also can be different, and then the degree that the output resistance of flexible material layer 1 changes also can be different, shows and strikes sensing characteristic.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the sensing response (resistance change Δ R/R%) of a 110g steel ball under different impact heights (25-55 cm) when the steel ball freely falls and impacts the flexible protective material sample prepared in example 1, and the outer dimension of the sample is 3.5cm × 3.5cm × 1cm, so that it can be seen that the prepared sample has different response amplitudes for different impact heights, and the impact amplitude increases with the increase of the impact height.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison of the impact attenuation performance (peak value of residual impact) between the samples of the flexible protective material obtained in examples 1, 2 and 3 and the samples of the blank and pure PDMS block materials, wherein the samples have the same outer dimensions of 3.5cm × 3.5cm × 1 cm.
As can be seen from the figures, the flexible shield material of the present invention has excellent impact-attenuating properties. Compared with pure PDMS material, the peak value of residual impact force is about 20% lower. The flexible protective material of the present invention can significantly reduce the impact peak (62%) compared to the blank sample (no sample).
In conclusion, the results of the impact sensing performance and the impact attenuation performance tests prove that the flexible protective material disclosed by the invention not only has the impact sensing capability, but also has a better attenuation effect on the impact force.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained in this application using specific examples, which are provided to help understand the core concepts of the present invention. It is noted that it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the features thereof, and that the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A flexible protective material with an impact sensing function is of a laminated structure and is characterized by comprising at least one flexible material layer with a three-dimensional porous structure;
the flexible material layer is mainly made of a high polymer elastomer mixed with a nanometer conductive material, and the surface of the flexible material layer has microstructure characteristics.
2. The microstructure features are multi-scale micro-balloon raised structural features.
3. The convex structure characteristic of the micro-airbag is that the high polymer elastomer doped with the thermal expansion microspheres is heated, and the thermal expansion microspheres inside the high polymer elastomer expand under heating to generate the convex structure characteristic on the surface of the high polymer elastomer.
4. The three-dimensional porous structure of the flexible material layer comprises a plurality of layers, strip-shaped structural bodies with gaps are reserved among the layers, and the strip-shaped structural bodies of the layers are arranged in a staggered mode.
5. The flexible electrode layer is tightly clamped between the two flexible electrode layers to form a sandwich structure.
6. A method of preparing a flexible protective material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step 1, obtaining uniformly mixed nano conductive material, thermal expansion microspheres and high polymer elastomer solution mixed slurry;
step 2, forming the mixed slurry into a flexible material blank with a three-dimensional porous structure;
step 3, performing low-temperature heating on the flexible material layer blank, and further curing and shaping to obtain a flexible material;
and 4, heating the flexible material layer at a high temperature to ensure that the thermal expansion microspheres expand when heated, so as to obtain the flexible material with the surface having the convex structural characteristics of the micro-airbag.
And 5, combining the layered flexible material with other required layered materials to obtain the flexible protective material.
7. The mass ratio of the nano conductive material to the high polymer elastomer in the step 1 is 1-7: 100, and the mass ratio of the thermal expansion microsphere to the high polymer elastomer is 5-40: 100.
8. The thermal expansion microsphere in the step 1 is of a core-shell structure, wherein the shell is a thermoplastic acrylate polymer, and the core is spherical plastic particles consisting of hydrocarbon.
9. The low-temperature heating in the step 3 is carried out at the temperature of 25-50 ℃ for 4-24 hours.
10. The high-temperature heating in the step 4 is carried out at the temperature of 85-140 ℃ for 7-20 min.
CN202210648732.6A 2022-06-09 2022-06-09 Flexible protective material with impact sensing function and preparation method thereof Active CN114907697B (en)

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