CN114906966A - Vacuum belt type salt washing filter and treatment method of salt-containing wastewater - Google Patents
Vacuum belt type salt washing filter and treatment method of salt-containing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN114906966A CN114906966A CN202210510623.8A CN202210510623A CN114906966A CN 114906966 A CN114906966 A CN 114906966A CN 202210510623 A CN202210510623 A CN 202210510623A CN 114906966 A CN114906966 A CN 114906966A
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003712 decolorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a vacuum belt type salt washing filter and a method for treating salt-containing wastewater. The invention changes the original process route of multi-effect evaporation into the vacuum filtration process route of saturated brine, reduces the investment of equipment and the consumption of energy, reduces the operation cost, reduces the field environmental pollution, improves the automatic process of salt treatment in the later stage, and conforms to the concept of clean production requirements. The filtrate with deep color at the front part of the adsorption and decoloration is directly transferred to an environmental protection station for treatment, the adsorption and decoloration load of a rear working section is reduced, the addition amount of a decolorant is reduced, the filtrate after the adsorption and decoloration treatment and saturated salt water for cleaning filter cloth are added into a spray rinsing device for spraying, the utilization efficiency of water is improved, and the load of the environmental protection station for treating wastewater is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a vacuum belt type salt washing filter and a method for treating salt-containing wastewater.
Background
From the existing salt treatment method, the amount of waste water and solid waste caused by the post-treatment process of the whole system is very large, the influence on the environment and the treatment burden of the subsequent steps are increased, the dependence on energy consumption of the treated equipment is overlarge, the operation process of personnel is excessively separated and is not connected, the input of manpower is more, and the input of equipment fund is overlarge.
The method has the advantages that the innovation is carried out on the basis of the original salt post-treatment process case, the whole byproduct salt post-treatment process can be linked, the equipment investment is low, the output of solid waste and wastewater is low, the energy consumption of production and operation is low, the safety and stability in long-term operation are high, the personnel demand is low, and the personnel controllability is good.
The currently common method is to add the salt to be treated into a large amount of water, add a large amount of activated carbon for adsorption and decoloration after the materials are dissolved in place, wherein one part adsorbs organic matters and the other part adsorbs colors. After the decolorization is finished, filter pressing is carried out on the treated filtrate; and (3) obtaining filtrate and filter residues after the filter pressing is finished, directly outsourcing the filter residues, pumping the filtrate into a multi-effect evaporator for decompressing and concentrating to evaporate water, separating out salt after the evaporation is finished, performing filter pressing packaging, and treating the waste liquid in an environment-friendly station.
After the technical treatment is finished, the quality of the finished product is poor (because the amount of organic matters contained in the salt to be treated can float, the effect of adsorbing the organic matters after adding the activated carbon in each batch can deviate), the daily operation cost is high, the amount of the generated wastewater and solid waste is large, the energy consumption is very high, and the load is increased for the treatment of the later-stage wastewater and solid waste. And the scheme is used for processing, a plurality of personnel are needed for operation control, the workload is large, and the operation flow is complex and various.
In addition, the salt-containing waste water incineration system is characterized in that salt to be treated is dissolved in water, an upper oil layer is removed (if any) after sedimentation, the salt is slowly pumped into an atomizer on the shoulder of an incinerator by a pump, the atomizer is quantitatively sprayed into the incinerator, a combustion-supporting material is conveyed to a high-pressure combustion machine, sufficient supplementary air is provided by a combustion fan, the waste liquid is atomized and sprayed into the incinerator to be completely combusted in the incinerator, the temperature reaches 1100-1200 ℃, organic matters in the waste liquid are completely destroyed and decomposed, inorganic salts (NaC1 and the like) in the waste liquid are melted at high temperature, and the inorganic salts flow to a quenching tank along the furnace wall and are dissolved in the water under the action of high-pressure air and are taken away by cooling water in the quenching tank, and the phenomena of inorganic salt accumulation and wall bonding cannot occur. The flue gas generated by complete combustion enters a cooling tank through an induction pipe, and the flue gas at 1100 ℃ is instantly cooled to be below 100 ℃, so that the regeneration time of dioxin is shortened; the fine inorganic salt particles in the flue gas and the inorganic salt flowing down along the furnace wall in a molten state are all dissolved in the cooling water. The PH value of the cooling liquid in the cooling tank controls the dosage of the NaOH solution, and the removal of acid gas is ensured. The cooled flue gas still contains a large amount of smoke dust, enters a Venturi washing tower, is washed at a high speed by a Venturi throat pipe to remove dust and fine inorganic salt, then enters wet electric dust removal to remove fine dust, and is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney. The method has high early investment cost, high daily operation cost and huge energy consumption, and the generated salt can be discharged only by dissolving a large amount of water.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the vacuum belt type salt-washing filter and the method for treating the salt-containing wastewater, so that the early-stage investment cost and the daily operation cost are reduced, the product quality is improved, the yield of the wastewater and the solid waste is reduced, the byproduct process treatment flow is short, fewer personnel need to participate, and continuous treatment can be realized.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the vacuum belt type salt washing filter comprises a conveying mechanism, wherein filter cloth is stretched on the conveying mechanism, a feed inlet is formed in the front end of the conveying mechanism and is positioned above the filter cloth, and a high plate is arranged behind the feed inlet and is used for scraping materials falling onto the filter cloth from the feed inlet;
a spray rinsing device is arranged above the filter cloth and is used for spraying and cleaning the materials tiled on the filter cloth;
a plurality of vacuum discs are arranged below the filter cloth, each vacuum disc is a hollow disc with a cavity, a vacuum port below each vacuum disc is connected with a vacuum pipeline, each vacuum pipeline is connected to the liquid collecting tank through a vacuum system, the filter cloth is adsorbed by the vacuum discs to realize solid-liquid separation, solid salt is left on the filter cloth, and liquid is pumped into the liquid collecting tank through the vacuum discs;
and a filter cloth cleaning device is also arranged at the tail end of the conveying mechanism, the filter cloth runs to a solid salt collecting position at the tail end, and the filter cloth enters the filter cloth cleaning device to clean the filter cloth and then returns to the front end of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter to continuously collect the solid salt.
Each or every several vacuum trays form a group, which is circulated in a belt-like manner.
The contact surface of the vacuum disc and the filter cloth is provided with a plurality of meshes or corrugations.
The invention provides a method for treating salt-containing wastewater by utilizing the vacuum belt type salt washing filter, which comprises the following steps:
s1, quantitatively pumping steam condensate into a saturated brine tank, adding a fixed amount of salt into the saturated brine tank by a packing auger to prepare saturated brine, and dividing an outlet of the saturated brine tank into two paths after the saturated brine tank is prepared, wherein one path is quantitatively fed into a salt mixing kettle, and the other path is used as rinsing spray water of a vacuum belt type salt washing filter;
s2, injecting saturated salt water into a salt mixing kettle, transferring a fixed amount of solid salt to be treated into the salt mixing kettle by a packing auger, stirring in an opening state in the feeding process, dissolving colored substances and glycerin in the salt into water, and preparing saturated salt water;
s3, opening a bottom valve of the salt mixing kettle, slowly spreading the dissolved materials on filter cloth of a vacuum belt type salt washing filter through a pipeline, allowing undissolved salt and saturated salt water to flow onto the filter cloth together, and scraping salt by a height limiting plate in the spreading process;
s4, connecting a vacuum disc below the filter cloth of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter, and connecting the vacuum disc into a vacuum system and a liquid collecting tank;
s5, after saturated salt water and undissolved solid salt are flatly laid on filter cloth, opening a vacuum system, opening a vacuum belt type salt washing filter, enabling the filter cloth to be tightly attached to a vacuum disc, and continuously and horizontally circularly conveying the vacuum disc and the filter cloth at a constant speed;
s6, pumping and conveying the pumped and filtered water to a pipeline and collecting the water into liquid collecting tanks through vacuum discs on filter cloth, concentrating the filtrate collected by the first vacuum discs into the first liquid collecting tanks (the number of the first liquid collecting tanks can be determined according to the filtering state), concentrating the filtrate collected by the second vacuum discs into the other liquid collecting tanks, directly connecting the first liquid collecting tanks with pumps, pumping the filtrate into an environment-friendly station for treatment, dividing the filtrate in the second liquid collecting tanks into two paths, transferring one path of the filtrate into a decoloring tank for adsorption and decoloration, and then transferring the filtrate into a saturated brine tank, and directly pumping the other path of the filtrate into a salt mixing kettle by the pumps;
s7, after a certain amount of filtrate is received in the decoloring tank, adding active carbon regularly, heating to about 50 ℃, after the filtrate is fully stirred, opening a bottom valve, blocking the active carbon by a filter through a pump, collecting the active carbon into the filter, and transferring the filtered filtrate into a saturated brine tank;
s8, only the salt which is drained off is carried out on the filter cloth after the saturated salt water and the undissolved solid salt which are paved on the filter cloth are filtered in vacuum; the method comprises the following steps that (1) the filter cloth is driven forwards, the drained salt is also driven along with the filter cloth, a multi-stage spray rinsing device above the filter cloth carries out spray rinsing, and the rinsed saturated salt water comes from a saturated salt water tank; the rinsing process also has the vacuumizing function, the rinsed salt is subjected to vacuum filtration, and the filtrate obtained after the partial vacuum filtration is collected into a plurality of liquid collecting tanks.
S9, performing suction filtration on filter cloth and washing the salt to be clean, and enabling the salt to enter the tail part of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter; the tail part has no vacuum effect, the filter cloth is separated after reaching the tail part, the processed salt is received by a discharging hopper, and the salt is transferred to a drying device for drying.
S10, after the filter cloth is separated from salt, the filter cloth can penetrate through a filter cloth cleaning device, and the saline water in a water tank of the filter cloth cleaning device is transferred to a spray rinsing device to be treated.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the original condition of multi-effect evaporation is changed into a saturated saline water vacuum filtration state, so that the investment of equipment and the consumption of energy are greatly reduced, the operation cost is reduced, the field environmental pollution is reduced, and the concept of clean production requirements is met.
(2) The filtrate with deep color at the front part of the adsorption decoloration is directly transferred to an environmental protection station for treatment, the adsorption decoloration load of the rear working section is reduced, the addition amount of the decolorant is reduced, the decolorant is not required to be detached and removed every time after the decoloration is finished, and the adsorption decoloration efficiency can be increased.
(3) And the filtrate after the adsorption and decoloration treatment and saturated salt water for cleaning the filter cloth are added into a spray rinsing device for spraying, so that the utilization efficiency of water is improved, and the load of the environment-friendly station for treating wastewater is reduced.
(4) A vacuum belt type salt washing filter is used for carrying out a product treatment process, can be connected with the whole product treatment process, is continuously, safely and stably operated for a long time, and reduces risk factors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the vacuum belt salt washing filter of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the vacuum belt salt leaching filter of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a combination of a vacuum pan and filter cloth according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vacuum pan configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3 comprises a conveying mechanism, wherein a filter cloth 9 is arranged above the conveying mechanism, a feed inlet 6 is also arranged at the front end of the conveying mechanism, the feed inlet 6 is positioned above the filter cloth 9, and a high plate 7 is arranged behind the feed inlet 6 and is used for scraping materials falling onto the filter cloth 9 from the feed inlet 6;
a spray rinsing device 8 is arranged above the filter cloth 9, and is used for spraying and cleaning materials which are paved on the filter cloth 9;
a plurality of vacuum discs 11 are arranged below the filter cloth 9, the vacuum discs 11 are hollow discs with cavities 14, vacuum ports 15 below the vacuum discs 11 are connected with vacuum pipelines 13, the vacuum pipelines 13 are connected to a liquid collecting tank 12 through a vacuum system, the filter cloth 9 is adsorbed by the vacuum discs 11 to realize solid-liquid separation, solid salt is left on the filter cloth 9, and liquid is pumped into the liquid collecting tank 12 through the vacuum discs 11;
and a filter cloth cleaning device 10 is also arranged at the tail end of the conveying mechanism, the filter cloth 9 runs to a solid salt collecting position at the tail end, and the filter cloth 9 enters the filter cloth cleaning device 10 to clean the filter cloth 9 and rotates to the front end of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3 to continuously collect the solid salt.
Each or every several vacuum panels 11 form a group, which is circulated in a belt-like manner.
As shown in fig. 4, the vacuum plate 11 has a large number of meshes or corrugations at the contact surface with the cloth 9.
As shown in fig. 3, the vacuum plate 11 is a hollow plate with a cavity 14, the vacuum plate 11 may be made into a square or rectangular shape, and specifically, based on the area of a single vacuum plate 11 and the specific working condition requirements, the vacuum plate 11 is made of flexible materials such as rubber, plastic, tetrafluoroethylene, and the like. The vacuum plate 11 is provided with a vacuum port 15 connected with a vacuum system, and the material of the vacuum port 15 such as rubber is hollowed and connected with the cavity and the atmosphere; the vacuum ports 15 may be arranged in a single line or in multiple lines for convenient connection to a vacuum system.
The vacuum discs 11 are circulated in a belt type in a small range, each or every plurality of vacuum discs 11 form a group of circulation, and a plurality of groups of vacuum disc 11 circulation systems are connected with the vacuum cavity. The vacuum pan 11 is generally configured to: the vacuum plate 11 is made of rubber but not limited to rubber or plastic, and the vacuum plate 11 is generally square or rectangular but not limited to 2 shapes and is made to be 0.5m in size 2 Can also be 1m 2 One or other sizes, specifically designed according to actual filtration requirements; the contact surface of the vacuum plate 11 and the filter cloth 9 has a large number of meshes or a corrugated state but is not limited to a corrugated state, the middle of the vacuum plate 11 is hollow, the inner side surface of the vacuum plate 11 comprises one or more rows of but not limited to circular openings, and the inner opening part is connected with the cavity of the vacuum plate 11 and the vacuumThe empty system is connected. The filtrate filtered by vacuum pumping is accumulated in the vacuum plate 11, when the vacuum system is started, the vacuum plate 11 is tightly attached to the filter cloth 9, and the filtrate is absorbed into the vacuum plate 11 by vacuum and then is conveyed to the liquid collecting tank 12 by the vacuum pipeline 13 through the vacuum plate 11.
The vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3 is of a suction filtration type, a vacuum pump is externally connected with a plurality of groups of liquid collecting grooves 12, the liquid collecting grooves 12 simultaneously play a role of a buffer tank, and the liquid collecting grooves 12 of each group are correspondingly connected into corresponding vacuum discs 11. Because the vacuum discs 11 are circulated in a belt type in a small range, each group of vacuum discs 11 has a part of vacuum-free sections, the filter cloth 9 is separated from the vacuum discs 11 when being transmitted to the vacuum-free part, and the filtrate enters the liquid collecting tank 12.
The solid salt part on the filter cloth 9 after the suction filtration is scraped and separated from the filter cloth 9 by a polypropylene scraper, which is not limited to polypropylene materials, but also can be stainless steel or glass fiber reinforced plastic materials, and the filter cloth enters a filter cloth cleaning device 10, and the solid salt is collected and packaged.
A plurality of spray pipelines are arranged above the long transmission system filter cloth 9 at certain intervals, and the spray rinsing device 8 is not limited to a pipeline form and can also comprise a salt water storage tank in a square shape or other shapes; saturated brine is filled in the pipeline or the brine storage tank, and the saturated brine is subjected to material washing and spraying on the filter cloth 9 through a spray pipe or the brine storage tank. The liquid for spray washing can be fresh saturated salt water, or saturated salt water after adsorption and decoloration is applied to the spray rinsing device 8.
The vacuum filtration process can be carried out, the filtration vacuum degree can be adjusted between-0.098 Mpa and-0.001 Mpa, and the vacuum filtration process can meet the vacuum conditions under different working conditions.
The vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3 can adjust and control the speed of the filter cloth 9 in a frequency conversion way according to the requirement of the product treatment capacity, and can reduce or increase the circulating speed of the conveyor belt along with the improvement of the quality requirement of the treated product.
The height limiting plate 7 can be made of various materials such as plastics, stainless steel, glass fiber reinforced plastics and the like, and the height limiting plate 7 is movable and can be adjusted in height up and down or in angle.
The filter cloth 9 material can be dacron, spandex, non-woven fabrics or other materials, and its aperture can be made into multiple specifications such as 5um, 10um, 15um, 20 um.
The method for treating the salt-containing wastewater of the embodiment uniformly links the whole waste salt treatment process with a series of processes of pretreatment of byproduct salt, continuous filtration, rinsing, adsorption and decoloration of the salt-containing wastewater, recycling of saturated salt water, discharging and the like through the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3, and ensures the continuity of the whole process.
The product salt to be treated contains about 3 to 5 percent of glycerin, has very dark brownish red color, large water absorption and high treatment cost, and cannot be sold directly without treatment.
As shown in fig. 5, a method for treating salt-containing wastewater comprises the following steps:
s1, quantitatively pumping steam condensate into a saturated brine tank 1, fully utilizing heat and steam condensate, adding a fixed amount of salt into the saturated brine tank 1 by a packing auger, fully stirring to prepare saturated brine, controlling the temperature to be 50-80 ℃, but not only limiting the temperature, and adjusting according to actual conditions. The outlet of the saturated brine tank 1 is divided into two paths after being matched, one path is quantitatively added into a salt mixing kettle 2, the other path is used as rinsing spray water of a vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3, a steam heat source is additionally arranged on a jacket of the saturated brine tank 1, or a heat source medium is heat conduction oil;
s2, the saturated saline water is injected into the salt mixing kettle 2 through automatic quantitative control of a DCS (distributed control system) which is used for controlling the whole process more automatically and does not need to exist; then the salt to be treated is quantitatively transferred into the salt mixing kettle 2 by the auger, and the stirring is in an open state in the charging process. At the moment, colored substances and glycerin in the salt can be quickly dissolved in water and prepared into saturated salt water, a large amount of salt can be suspended in the salt mixing kettle under the action of the stirrer because the salt water is in a saturated state and can not be dissolved, and the salt mixing kettle 2 can be placed above the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3 and can also be placed on the side;
s3, opening a bottom valve of a salt mixing kettle 2, slowly spreading dissolved materials on a filter cloth 9 of a vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3 through a pipeline by means of gravity (if the dissolved materials are placed at a side position, a material conveying pump needs to be additionally arranged at an outlet of the bottom valve), spreading undissolved salts and saturated salt water on the filter cloth 9 of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3, scraping the salts by a height limiting plate 7 in the spreading process, and adjusting the height limiting plate 7 according to the product quality requirement;
s4, a filter cloth 9 is arranged outside a rotating shaft of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3, a belt on the rotating shaft is replaced by a vacuum disc 11, the filter cloth 9 and the vacuum disc 11 are very close to each other in distance, the vacuum disc 11 is connected into a liquid collecting tank 12 system through a pipeline, and each vacuum disc 11 has a certain size of 1m 2 A vacuum plate 11. The vacuum disc 11 is square and hollow, the upper part of the vacuum disc is tightly attached to the filter cloth 9, the lower part of the vacuum disc is connected with the liquid collecting tank 12, the liquid collecting tank 12 is connected with the vacuum pipeline 13, and the filter cloth 9 and the vacuum disc 11 can both carry out belt circulation transmission.
S5, manually opening a vacuum system, opening the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3, enabling the filter cloth 9 to be tightly attached to the vacuum disc 11, enabling the vacuum degree to be changed from-0.098 MPa to-0.001 MPa, and adjusting the vacuum degree according to actual needs. The filter cloth 9 is laid flat with saturated salt water and undissolved solid salt, and the vacuum disc 11 and the filter cloth 9 are continuously conveyed horizontally at a constant speed like a caterpillar.
S6, the pumped and filtered water is transmitted to a pipeline through a vacuum disc 11 and collected into a liquid collecting tank 12, the filtrate collected by the first 2 or more vacuum discs 11 is collected into a plurality of liquid collecting tanks 12, the filtrate collected by the last several vacuum discs is collected into another plurality of liquid collecting tanks 12, the filtrate in the first plurality of liquid collecting tanks 12 is often very dark in color and can be directly connected with a pump to be pumped into an environment-friendly station for treatment, the filtrate in the next liquid collecting tank 12 is divided into two paths, one path is transferred into a decoloring tank 4 for adsorption and decoloration and then transferred into a saturated brine tank 1, and the other path is directly pumped into a salt mixing kettle 2 by the pump for material preparation;
s7, after a certain amount of filtrate is received in the decoloring tank 4, a small amount of decoloring agent is periodically added, and the temperature is raised to 50-70 ℃ and the mixture is stirred for about 2 hours. After stirring for a certain time and fully contacting and decoloring, opening a bottom valve, blocking the decolorant by a filter through a pump, collecting the decolorant into the filter, and discharging the filtered filtrate from the decoloring tank 4 to transfer the filtrate into the saturated brine tank 1. The decolorizing agent in the filtering device does not need to be disassembled every time, and the decolorizing agent can be transferred to the outside treatment of solid wastes after being filtered for a plurality of times. The decolorizer for the substances to be decolorized by adsorption is not limited to activated carbon.
S8, only the drained salt exists on the filter cloth 9 after the saturated salt water and the undissolved solid salt which are paved on the filter cloth 9 are filtered in vacuum; with the forward transmission of the filter cloth 9, the drained salt moves along with the filter cloth 9, and the conveying speed can be adjusted according to the actual situation; a multi-stage spray rinsing device 8 is often added above the conveyor belt for spray rinsing, and the rinsed saturated saline water comes from a saturated saline water tank 1; the rinsing process also has the vacuumizing function, the salt after rinsing can be filtered and dried, and the filtrate obtained after vacuumizing is collected in the rear collecting tank 12.
S9, performing suction filtration on filter cloth 9 of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3, and feeding the washed salt into the tail part of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3; the smaller section of the tail part has no vacuum effect, the filter cloth 9 can be quickly separated from the vacuum disc 11 due to no vacuum effect after reaching the part, the tail part is provided with a scraper close to the filter cloth 9, the scraper can separate the filter cloth 9 from salt, the lower part of the scraper is provided with a discharging hopper for receiving the processed salt, and the salt is transferred to a drying device for drying.
S10, the vacuum belt type salt washing filter 3 is also provided with a special filter cloth cleaning device 10. After the filter cloth 9 is separated from salt by the scraper, the filter cloth 9 passes through a cleaning water tank of the filter cloth cleaning device 10, the filter cloth 9 can be washed in the water tank by saturated saline water or by clean water, a cleaning brush is inserted into the water tank to clean and dissolve solid salt which is not completely separated on the filter cloth 9, and the saline water in the water tank can be transferred to the spray rinsing device 8 for treatment.
Claims (4)
1. The vacuum belt type salt washing filter is characterized in that the vacuum belt type salt washing filter (3) comprises a conveying mechanism, wherein filter cloth (9) is stretched on the conveying mechanism, a feed inlet (6) is formed in the front end of the conveying mechanism, the feed inlet (6) is positioned above the filter cloth (9), a high plate (7) is arranged behind the feed inlet (6), and materials falling onto the filter cloth (9) from the feed inlet (6) are scraped;
a spray rinsing device (8) is arranged above the filter cloth (9) and is used for spraying and cleaning the materials tiled on the filter cloth (9);
a plurality of vacuum discs (11) are arranged below the filter cloth (9), the vacuum discs (11) are hollow discs with cavities (14), a vacuum port (15) below each vacuum disc (11) is connected with a vacuum pipeline (13), the vacuum pipelines (13) are connected to the liquid collecting tank (12) through a vacuum system, the filter cloth (9) is adsorbed by the vacuum discs (11) to realize solid-liquid separation, solid salt is left on the filter cloth (9), and liquid is pumped into the liquid collecting tank (12) through the vacuum discs (11);
the tail end of the conveying mechanism is also provided with a filter cloth cleaning device (10), the filter cloth (9) runs to a tail end solid salt collecting position, and the filter cloth (9) enters the filter cloth cleaning device (10) to clean the filter cloth (9) and then returns to the front end of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter (3) to continuously collect solid salt.
2. A vacuum belt salt scrubber filter according to claim 1, characterized in that each or every several vacuum discs (11) form a group, which is circulated in a belt.
3. A vacuum belt salt-washing filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact surface of the vacuum pan (11) and the filter cloth (9) has a large number of meshes or corrugations.
4. A method for treating salt-containing wastewater, characterized in that the vacuum belt salt-washing filter (3) of claim 1 is used, comprising the following steps:
s1, quantitatively pumping steam condensate into a saturated brine tank (1), adding a fixed amount of salt into the saturated brine tank (1) by a packing auger to prepare saturated brine, wherein an outlet of the saturated brine tank (1) is divided into two paths, one path is quantitatively added into a salt mixing kettle (2), and the other path is used as rinsing spray water of a vacuum belt type salt washing filter (3);
s2, firstly, injecting saturated salt water into a salt mixing kettle (2), then transferring the quantitative salt to be treated into the salt mixing kettle (2) through a packing auger, stirring in an open state during the material adding process, dissolving colored substances and glycerin in the salt into water, and preparing the saturated salt water;
s3, opening a bottom valve of the salt mixing kettle (2), slowly tiling the dissolved materials on a filter cloth (9) of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter (3) through a pipeline, enabling undissolved salt and saturated salt water to flow onto the filter cloth (9) together, and scraping the salt by a limited height plate (7) in the tiling process;
s4, connecting a vacuum disc (11) below the filter cloth (9) of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter (3), and connecting the vacuum disc (11) into a vacuum system and a liquid collecting tank (12);
s5, after saturated salt water and undissolved solid salt are flatly spread on the filter cloth (9), opening a vacuum system, opening a vacuum belt type salt washing filter (3), enabling the filter cloth (9) to be tightly attached to a vacuum disc (11), and continuously and horizontally circularly conveying the vacuum disc (11) and the filter cloth (9) at a constant speed;
s6, the pumped and filtered water is transmitted to a pipeline through a vacuum disc (11) and collected into liquid collecting tanks (12), filtrate collected by the first sections of vacuum discs (11) is collected into the first sections of liquid collecting tanks (12), filtrate collected by the second sections of vacuum discs is collected into the other sections of liquid collecting tanks (12), the color of the filtrate in the first sections of liquid collecting tanks (12) is very dark, the filtrate is directly connected with a pump and is pumped into an environment-friendly station for treatment, the filtrate in the second sections of liquid collecting tanks (12) is divided into two paths, one path of the filtrate is transferred into a decoloring tank (4) for adsorption and decoloration and then transferred into a saturated brine tank (1), and the other path of the filtrate is directly pumped into a salt mixing kettle (2) through the pump;
s7, after a certain amount of filtrate is received in the decoloring tank (4), periodically adding activated carbon, heating to about 50 ℃, after the filtrate is fully stirred, opening a bottom valve, blocking the activated carbon by a filter through a pump, collecting the activated carbon into the filter, and transferring the filtered filtrate into a saturated brine tank (1);
s8, after saturated salt water and undissolved solid salt which are flatly paved on the filter cloth (9) are subjected to vacuum filtration, only the dried salt is on the filter cloth (9); with the forward transmission of the filter cloth (9), the drained salt is also transmitted along with the filter cloth (9), a multi-stage spray rinsing device (8) above the filter cloth (9) performs spray rinsing, and the rinsed saturated salt water comes from a saturated salt water tank (1); the rinsing process also has the vacuumizing function, the rinsed salt is subjected to vacuum filtration, and the filtrate obtained after the partial vacuum filtration is collected into a plurality of liquid collecting tanks (12);
s9, performing suction filtration on the filter cloth (9) and washing the salt to be clean, and enabling the salt to enter the tail part of the vacuum belt type salt washing filter (3); the tail part has no vacuum effect, the filter cloth (9) is separated after reaching the tail part, a discharging hopper receives the processed salt, and the salt is transferred to a drying device for drying;
s10, after the filter cloth (9) is separated from salt, the filter cloth (9) can penetrate through the filter cloth cleaning device (10), and brine in a water tank of the filter cloth cleaning device (10) is transferred to the spray rinsing device (8) for treatment.
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Cited By (1)
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