CN114906494A - 一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统 - Google Patents

一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统 Download PDF

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CN114906494A
CN114906494A CN202210605302.6A CN202210605302A CN114906494A CN 114906494 A CN114906494 A CN 114906494A CN 202210605302 A CN202210605302 A CN 202210605302A CN 114906494 A CN114906494 A CN 114906494A
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storage tank
oil
flexible
water
crude oil
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孙震
薛冬梅
顾时雨
王星浩
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Beijing Fengrunming Science And Trade Co ltd
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Beijing Fengrunming Science And Trade Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/78—Large containers for use in or under water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65D88/00—Large containers
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
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    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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Abstract

本发明提供一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统，包括具有多个垂直放置的柔性材料水下储油罐。该系统直接连接到水上海上石油生产平台的上部，以协助石油装卸作业。该系统可用于海上石油钻探平台，尤其是浅水油田开发，以及深水浮式平台均可采用。

Description

一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统，具体涉及一种使用柔性油罐的原油储存、装载和卸载系统及其用于海上石油生产平台和浮式石油生产平台的相关应用。
背景技术
从油田的海上石油生产平台开采原油后，有两种选择来处理采出的石油：通过海底管道系统将石油运输出；或将油储存在临时储存设施中，该设施可以是平台本身的固定部分或单独的储存设施，然后通过油轮将油运出。如果油田产量或持续时间不足以证明连接平台与海岸的海底管道的成本是可控的，则必须为该油田的开发提供一个具有安全、可靠和低成本临时储油系统的平台。临时储油系统的安置是一个重要问题。只有三种可能的选择：将系统建造在水面上，作为海上平台上部的固定部分；在水面建造系统，作为浮式结构物的一部分；或将系统建造在水下，作为平台下部结构的一部分，或作为一个单独的设施，通常通过管道连接到平台上部结构，以进行石油装卸作业。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种新型水下储油系统。所公开的水下储油系统实现以下目标：所存储的油和水之间没有物理接触，提供良好的隔热以确保储存的油的最佳流动性，以及具备储存甲醇等水溶性液体的能力；水下储油系统保持为独立于水深的静水平衡系统，因此，储油罐无需设计为压力容器。储罐底部重量差的最大差值通常应小于最大存储容量的20%。
根据一个实施例，储油、装载和卸载系统包括具有多个垂直放置的柔性存储器的水下储油罐。储油系统直接连接到水上采油平台的上部，以协助平台油装载和卸载过程。在装载操作过程中，油被泵入并储存在每个柔性存储器内，存储器逐渐膨胀以排出等量的水；在卸载操作期间，油从每个柔性存储器中抽出，存储器器相应收缩，然后用周围环境中等量的水填充每个收缩存储器的缩小体积。
附图说明
图1为根据一个实施例的垂直放置的柔性罐体的侧视图;
图2是垂直放置的柔性罐体的横截面图;
图3为内部带有柔性罐体的六边形钢隔室的剖面图，该罐内装满了储存的油。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示，垂直放置的柔性罐体110在底部和顶部分别具有法兰结构111，用于与相应钢隔室的两个匹配结构固定。
根据图2所示，外层113由橡胶材料和多层纤维网（如聚酯网）组成，通过硫化粘合在一起。由于它不需要承受巨大的冲击力，柔性罐体的组件层厚度可以显著降低，这种罐体整体厚度的降低将会减少施工成本并增加灵活性，使柔性存储器在装载和卸载石油时更容易膨胀或收缩。相同的硫化过程还应将该层113粘合到这些法兰111处的钢表面，以形成用于柔性存储器110的密封室。
图2所示第三层115由薄橡胶片或合成材料片组成，用于空气密封。如果需要可以在第三层115的内表面上再粘一层特制的薄层，以防加工油的潜在化学腐蚀。第三层内为储油空间116。
图3表示根据一个实施例的柔性存储器110的一个实施例的横截面图，该柔性存储器110位于一个六边形钢腔室120内，该钢腔室120满载着原油116。每个钢隔室120及其柔性存储器110的设计和制造应确保在装满油时，所包含的柔性存储器将被用力挤压钢隔室120的内表面，以创造无氧环境。每个钢隔室的墙壁不需要是实心的，这种配置可以降低储油罐的整体重量和成本。
如图3所示，位于柔性存储器110顶部和底部的法兰111连接用于将柔性存储器110连接到钢隔室120。钢隔室120的顶部可以通过顶部法兰111打开，以便维修或更换内部的柔性存储器110。在柔性存储器110的顶部，有一个钢隔室120的弯曲结构118，其设计用于在储罐110充满油116时从储罐110顶部承受压力载荷。互连管道组件130穿过顶部法兰111。互连管道组130内有5根较小的管道：一对较长的管道131，用于热液体（水或油）循环，以保持储存的油温度，以确保最佳流动性；石油进出口管道132；用于空气喷射和释放的管道133；以及用于在每个储罐110内提供诸如压力和温度传感器的传感器的管道134。该管道组130应在上部模块和系统中的每个储罐110之间互连。该连接管130的内壁应衬有常规隔热材料119。每个钢隔室120顶部的一个通风孔140用于释放隔室120顶部的潜在滞留空气。在运输和下降操作期间，这些通风孔140将被关闭。为了安全和必要的浮力，应向储罐110注入空气。在舱室120顶面浸入水中之前，这些通风孔140也应关闭。

Claims (7)

1.一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统，其特征在于：包括一种用于储油和储水的水下储罐，在水面和储罐顶部之间具有预设的最小浸没距离，通过多个支腿构件连接到上部模块，其中储罐包括多个非密封垂直隔室，每个垂直隔室容纳一个垂直放置的用于储油的柔性存储器；在隔室的剩余空间用于储水，油和水之间没有任何物理接触的情况下，柔性存储器在顶部和底部与垂直隔室固定；海床和储罐底部之间的预安装基础平台，用于为储罐提供支撑，具体为一种通过多个固定件与海床连接的基础平台；还包括多个分组通信信道，一端与每个柔性存储器连接，另一端与水面上方的上部模块连接；至少一个流体通道，一端位于水箱外部，与周围的水接触，另一端位于水箱内部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统，其中垂直隔室具有多边形横截面形状；预安装的基础平台为桁架结构，其高度介于储罐底部和海床之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统，其中所述基础平台连接至海床需要多个固定组件，包括吸入桩、沉砂桩或桩基。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统，其中前固定件和后固定件之间的距离需大于该区域水深。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统，所述储罐底部与海床之间的桁架结构高度大于3米。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统，分组通信信道包括一个高温液体循环系统、装油和卸油系统、空气喷射和释放系统、传感系统等。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统，所述柔性储油器为多层组成的橡胶结构，顶部由多个子层和橡胶材料组成，以及通过硫化粘合在一起的多个纤维网结构；空气密封层由薄橡胶片或合成材料制成的薄片构成；还包括隔热层以及化学防护层，该化学防护层由具有防腐蚀性能的薄片组成，可粘接在密封层的内表面上。
CN202210605302.6A 2022-05-31 2022-05-31 一种水下柔性储油罐及原油装卸系统 Pending CN114906494A (zh)

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