CN114905297A - Automatic clamping and aligning system for special vehicle body and processing method for special vehicle body - Google Patents
Automatic clamping and aligning system for special vehicle body and processing method for special vehicle body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114905297A CN114905297A CN202210755721.8A CN202210755721A CN114905297A CN 114905297 A CN114905297 A CN 114905297A CN 202210755721 A CN202210755721 A CN 202210755721A CN 114905297 A CN114905297 A CN 114905297A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/069—Work-clamping means for pressing workpieces against a work-table
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
- B23Q3/082—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated hydraulically actuated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/02—Work clamping means
- B23Q2703/10—Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/12—Accessories for attaching
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic special vehicle body clamping and aligning system and a processing method of the special vehicle body, wherein the automatic special vehicle body clamping and aligning system comprises a base, a plurality of pressing devices, a plurality of horizontal supporting devices and a plurality of side jacking devices; the pressing devices are distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along the first direction; the plurality of horizontal supporting devices are distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along a first direction; the plurality of side top devices comprise a plurality of first side top devices and a plurality of second side top devices, the plurality of first side top devices are distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along the first direction, and the plurality of second side top devices are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along the second direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are arranged perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane. The automatic clamping and aligning system for the special vehicle body provided by the invention has the advantages of high automation degree, strong adaptability, time and labor saving in the aligning process, and can effectively improve the processing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle body machining, in particular to an automatic clamping and aligning system for a special vehicle body and a machining method for the special vehicle body.
Background
At present, China is entering a high-quality development stage, and the requirements on the automation and intelligentization degrees of a machine tool and a clamp thereof are higher and higher; because the special vehicle body structure is complicated, the processing degree of difficulty is big, and the program of processing is difficult to implement, simultaneously again because the model of special vehicle body is various, its structure size variation, every automobile body processing position also is different, and traditional automobile body dress card alignment process needs artifical manual completion, both wastes time and difficultly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an automatic special vehicle body mounting and aligning system and a special vehicle body processing method, and aims to solve the problems that an existing special vehicle body mounting and aligning system is low in automation degree, poor in adaptability, time-consuming and labor-consuming in the aligning process and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic card loading and aligning system for a special vehicle body, comprising:
a base;
the pressing devices are distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along a first direction;
the horizontal supporting devices are distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along a first direction; and the number of the first and second groups,
the plurality of side top devices comprise a plurality of first side top devices and a plurality of second side top devices, the plurality of first side top devices are distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of second side top devices are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along a second direction;
wherein the first direction and the second direction are arranged perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane.
Optionally, eight pressing devices are arranged, twelve horizontal supporting devices are arranged, eight side-top devices are arranged, and the eight side-top devices comprise four first side-top devices and four second side-top devices;
the base has a first side and a second side oppositely arranged along a first direction, and a third side and a fourth side oppositely arranged along a second direction;
the horizontal supporting devices are installed on the first side, the horizontal supporting devices are installed on the second side, the compressing devices are installed on the first side, the compressing devices are installed on the fourth side, the compressing devices are installed on the second side, the compressing devices are installed on the first side, the compressing devices are installed on the second side, the first side top devices are installed on the first side, the first side top devices are installed on the second side, the second side top devices are installed on the third side, and the second side top devices are installed on the fourth side.
The invention also provides a processing method of the special vehicle body, which is based on the automatic loading, clamping and aligning system of the special vehicle body, wherein the special vehicle body is provided with a front axle hole to be processed and a plurality of balancing rod holes, and the processing method of the special vehicle body comprises the following steps:
adjusting the plurality of horizontal supporting devices, and placing the special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices so that the special vehicle body is positioned on a horizontal plane;
adjusting a plurality of first side top devices to fix the special vehicle body in a first direction;
adjusting the plurality of second side top devices to fix the special vehicle body in a second direction;
adjusting the plurality of pressing devices to fix the special vehicle body on the base;
and sequentially machining the front axle hole and the plurality of balancing rod holes.
Optionally, the machining fixture further comprises a position measuring probe, and the position measuring probe is arranged on the base;
the four horizontal supporting devices positioned at two ends of the base extending along the second direction are first supporting devices, and the rest are second supporting devices;
the step of adjusting the plurality of horizontal supporting devices and placing the special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices so that the special vehicle body is positioned on the horizontal plane comprises the following steps:
adjusting the height of any three first supporting devices in the four first supporting devices to be higher than the height of the remaining first supporting device, and placing the special vehicle body on the machining clamp;
detecting the axis of a reference hole on the special vehicle by using the position measuring probe;
and adjusting the heights of the rest first supporting device and the rest eight second supporting devices until the rest first supporting devices abut against the bottom of the special vehicle body.
Optionally, the adjusting of any three of the four first supporting devices may be performed, where the height of the first supporting device is higher than the height of the remaining first supporting device, and the step of placing the special vehicle body on the machining fixture may include:
adjusting any one first supporting device in the three first supporting devices to enable the height of the first supporting device to be higher than that of the other two first supporting devices, then taking the first supporting device as a reference point, adjusting the remaining two first supporting devices to enable the top ends of the three first supporting devices to be coplanar, and placing the special vehicle body on the three first supporting devices;
and the first supporting device which is the datum point is static, and the rest two first supporting devices are adjusted until the special vehicle body is in a horizontal state.
Optionally, the machining fixture further comprises an alarm system, and the alarm system is electrically connected with the detection probe;
the step of detecting the axis of the reference hole on the special vehicle by adopting the position measuring probe comprises the following steps:
and when the deviation of the axis of the reference hole exceeds the processing requirement, the alarm system sends out an alarm signal.
Optionally, the step of adjusting a plurality of the first side roof devices to fix the vehicle body of the special vehicle in the first direction includes:
adjusting the two first side jacking devices on the first sides until the two first side jacking devices abut against the vehicle body of the special vehicle, recording the extension length of the oil cylinder of one of the first side jacking devices, and adjusting the extension length of the oil cylinder of the other first side jacking device to enable the two first side jacking devices to be the same;
and adjusting the first side top devices positioned on the second side until the first side top devices are abutted with the special vehicle body, so that the special vehicle body is fixed in the first direction.
Optionally, adjusting a plurality of the second side roof devices, and the step of fixing the body of the special vehicle in the second direction includes:
extending the oil cylinder of one of the side jacking devices, and contracting the oil cylinders of the other three side jacking devices, so that the extended oil cylinder is abutted against the special vehicle body when the special vehicle body is placed on the machining clamp;
and adjusting the other three oil cylinders of the second side jacking device until the oil cylinders are abutted to the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the second direction.
Optionally, each two pressing devices are arranged corresponding to one balancing rod hole, each pressing device comprises a vertical oil cylinder and a horizontal oil cylinder, a first pressing head is arranged on each vertical oil cylinder, and a second pressing head is arranged on each horizontal oil cylinder;
the step of adjusting a plurality of the pressing devices to fix the special vehicle body on the base and processing the special vehicle body comprises the following steps:
adjusting each of the compression devices so that each of the compression devices corresponds to one of the balance bar holes;
adjusting each vertical oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the special vehicle body, so that the first pressure head is equal to the center of the balancing rod hole in height;
adjusting the horizontal oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the balancing rod hole, so that the second pressure head extends into the balancing rod hole;
and continuously adjusting the vertical oil cylinder and the horizontal oil cylinder until the special vehicle body is fixed on the base.
Optionally, the special vehicle body further comprises a reducer hole;
the step of sequentially machining the front axle hole and the plurality of the balance bar holes comprises:
machining the front axle hole;
and two pressing devices corresponding to the balancing rod holes loosen the clamping of the balancing rod holes, move to the positions corresponding to the speed reducer holes, clamp the speed reducer holes and process the balancing rod holes.
In the technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of horizontal supporting devices are matched with each other to adjust the special vehicle body to be in a horizontal state in a horizontal plane, then a plurality of first side jacking devices are matched with each other to align the special vehicle body in the first direction (namely, the special vehicle body meets the processing technology requirement), then the special vehicle body is clamped in the first direction, then a plurality of second side jacking devices are matched with each other to align the special vehicle body in the second direction (namely, the special vehicle body meets the processing technology requirement), and finally a plurality of pressing devices are matched with each other to fix the special vehicle body on the base. The special vehicle body clamp alignment precision and the working efficiency can be effectively improved, and the special vehicle body machining quality is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an automatic truck-loading and aligning system for a special vehicle provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the horizontal supporting device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first side-top device in FIG. 1
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second side top device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the compressing device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a plurality of horizontal support devices of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a plurality of side roof devices of FIG. 1;
fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for processing a vehicle body of a special vehicle provided by the invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, China is entering a high-quality development stage, and the requirements on the automation and intelligentization degrees of a machine tool and a clamp thereof are higher and higher; because the special vehicle body structure is complicated, the processing degree of difficulty is big, and the program of processing is difficult to implement, simultaneously again because the model of special vehicle body is various, its structure size variation, every automobile body processing position also is different, and traditional automobile body dress card alignment process needs artifical manual completion, both wastes time and difficultly.
In view of this, fig. 1 to 7 are embodiments of the system for automatically installing and aligning the special vehicle body according to the present invention, and the system for automatically installing and aligning the special vehicle body has a high degree of automation, a high adaptability, a time-saving and labor-saving alignment process, and can effectively improve the machining efficiency.
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic truck-loading and aligning system 100 for a special vehicle body comprises a base 1, a plurality of pressing devices 4, a plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2 and a plurality of side jacking devices 3; the pressing devices 4 are distributed on two sides of the base 1 which are oppositely arranged along a first direction; the plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2 are distributed on two sides of the base 1 which are oppositely arranged along a first direction; the plurality of side top devices 3 comprise a plurality of first side top devices 31 and a plurality of second side top devices 32, the plurality of first side top devices 31 are distributed on two sides of the base 1 which are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of second side top devices 32 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the base 1 which are oppositely arranged along a second direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are arranged perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane.
In the technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2 are matched with each other to adjust the special vehicle body to a horizontal state in a horizontal plane, then a plurality of first side jacking devices 31 are matched with each other to adjust the special vehicle body in the first direction (namely, meet the processing technology requirement), then the special vehicle body is clamped in the first direction, then a plurality of second side jacking devices 32 are matched with each other to adjust the special vehicle body in the second direction (namely, meet the processing technology requirement), and finally a plurality of pressing devices 4 are matched with each other to fix the special vehicle body on a base 1, so that the automatic special vehicle body clamping and aligning system 100 can realize automatic clamping and aligning of the special vehicle bodies with different specifications, has strong adaptability to the sizes of the special vehicle bodies and has high automation degree, alignment is accurate, easy operation, can effectively improve special type automobile body dress card alignment's precision and work efficiency, and then improve special type automobile body processingquality.
With reference to fig. 2, it should be noted that the number of the pressing devices 4, the horizontal supporting devices 2 and the side jacking devices 3 is not limited as long as the alignment and clamping can be realized, and as a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the number of the pressing devices 4, the horizontal supporting devices 2 and the side jacking devices 3 is 2n (n ≧ 2); further, in an embodiment, the number of the pressing devices 4 is eight, the number of the horizontal supporting devices 2 is twelve, the number of the side-top devices 3 is eight, and the eight side-top devices 3 comprise four first side-top devices 31 and four second side-top devices 32; the base 1 has a first side and a second side oppositely arranged along a first direction, and has a third side and a fourth side oppositely arranged along a second direction; six of the horizontal supporting devices 2 are installed on the first side, six of the horizontal supporting devices 2 are installed on the second side, four of the pressing devices 4 are installed on the first side, four of the pressing devices 4 are installed on the second side, two of the first side top devices 31 are installed on the first side, two of the first side top devices 31 are installed on the second side, two of the second side top devices 32 are installed on the third side, and two of the second side top devices 32 are installed on the fourth side. Therefore, the automatic loading, clamping and aligning system 100 for the special vehicle body can be ensured to adapt to vehicle types with different specifications, and the final machining precision can be ensured to meet the machining requirement.
The automatic special vehicle body clamping and aligning system 100 further comprises a control system, the control system is electrically connected with each pressing device 4, each side jacking device 3 and each horizontal supporting device 2 and used for controlling the movement of the special vehicle body, the special vehicle body is fixed on the base 1 according to process requirements, the specific implementation mode of the control system is realized by referring to conventional settings in the field, and the details are omitted here.
Further, each of the pressing devices 4 includes a first bottom plate, a first hydraulic motor, a first gear and a first rack pair, the first rack is fixedly installed on the first bottom plate, and the first rack extends along the longitudinal direction, the first gear is engaged on the rack, and the first hydraulic motor is connected with the first gear and used for driving the first gear to move; in addition, a first absolute value encoder is further arranged on the first bottom plate and used for detecting the longitudinal position of the pressing device 4, the specific structure and control mode of the first absolute value encoder can be set by referring to the conventional setting in the field, and the detailed description is omitted; in the vertical direction, the pressing device 4 further comprises a vertical oil cylinder, the vertical oil cylinder can move in the vertical direction, a pressing block is formed at the top end of the vertical oil cylinder, a first pressure sensor is further arranged on the pressing block and used for detecting pressure, the vertical oil cylinder is used for driving the pressing block to move and used for pressing the special vehicle body in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the pressing device 4 further comprises a first external displacement sensor and used for detecting the position of the pressing block in the vertical direction; more closely, closing device 4 still includes horizontal hydro-cylinder, be formed with the pressure head on the horizontal hydro-cylinder, horizontal hydro-cylinder drives the pressure head motion to make the pressure head can transversely compress tightly the special type car automobile body, in addition, closing device 4 still includes the outside displacement sensor of second, is used for detecting closing device 4 is in horizontal position. The specific structures and control modes of the first external displacement sensor and the external displacement sensor can be set by referring to the conventional setting mode in the field, and the detailed description is omitted here.
Each side top device 3 includes a second bottom plate, a second hydraulic motor, a second gear and a second gear pair, the second gear pair is fixedly mounted on the second bottom plate, the second gear is engaged with the second gear pair, the second hydraulic motor is used for driving the second gear to move along the second direction, the side top device 3 further includes a second absolute encoder, the second absolute encoder is used for detecting the position of the side top device 3 in the second direction, the specific structure and control mode of the second absolute encoder refer to the conventional setting in the field, and the description is omitted here. Further, the side jacking device 3 further comprises a first horizontal oil cylinder, a second pressure sensor or a third external displacement sensor is formed on the first horizontal oil cylinder, the side jacking device 3 comprises a first side jacking device 31 and a second side jacking device 32, the first side jacking device 31 comprises a longitudinal side jacking block, the height of the longitudinal side jacking block is higher than that of the second side jacking device 32, and is 100mm different from that of the shortest vehicle body step surface, the second side jacking device 32 comprises a vehicle body auxiliary guide block, and the vehicle body auxiliary guide block is used for ensuring that the characteristic vehicle body is not collided with the pressing devices 4 when being placed on the base 1.
Each horizontal supporting device 2 is used for leveling and supporting the special vehicle body; the horizontal supporting device 2 comprises a third bottom plate, a third hydraulic motor, a third gear and a third rack, the third rack is installed on the third bottom plate, the third gear is meshed with the third rack, and the third hydraulic motor is used for driving the third gear to interact with each other; the horizontal supporting device 2 further includes a third absolute value encoder, the third absolute value encoder is used for detecting the position of the horizontal supporting device 2, the specific structure and control mode of the third absolute encoder refer to conventional settings in the field, and details are not repeated here. Further, each horizontal supporting device 2 further comprises a second horizontal oil cylinder and a supporting block, and the second horizontal oil cylinder is used for driving the supporting block to move so as to support the special vehicle body; furthermore, a part of the horizontal supporting device 2 further comprises a built-in position sensor, and a part of the horizontal supporting device 2 further comprises a third pressure sensor; the built-in position sensor and the third pressure sensor are used for sensing the position of the special vehicle body; the horizontal supporting device 2 further comprises an inclined block, and the inclined block is arranged at the lower end of the supporting block, so that mechanical self-locking is realized when the horizontal supporting device 2 levels the special vehicle body.
The invention further provides a method for processing a special vehicle body, which is based on the automatic special vehicle body clamping and aligning system 100, wherein the special vehicle body is provided with a front axle hole to be processed and a plurality of balance rod holes, please refer to fig. 8, and the method for processing the special vehicle body comprises the following steps:
and step S10, adjusting the plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2, and placing the special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices 2 so that the special vehicle body is positioned on a horizontal plane.
In this embodiment, the machining fixture further includes a position measuring probe, and the position measuring probe is disposed on the base 1; the four horizontal supporting devices 2 positioned at two ends of the base 1 extending along the second direction are first supporting devices, and the rest are second supporting devices; referring to fig. 2 and 6, for convenience of description, the first supporting device and the second supporting device are numbered, wherein the first supporting device is number 1, number 2, number 3 and number 4; the remaining 8 second supporting devices are respectively No. 6, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 10, No. 11 and No. 12, and the four first supporting devices are positioned at two ends of the base 1 in the second direction.
When step S10 is performed, the following steps may be specifically performed:
s101, adjusting the height of any three first supporting devices in the four first supporting devices to be higher than that of the remaining first supporting device, and placing the special vehicle body on the machining clamp.
In the embodiment, the number 1 first supporting device, the number 2 first supporting device and the number 3 first supporting device are provided with built-in position sensors; the number 4 first supporting device and the number 5 to 12 second supporting devices are third pressure sensors.
When step S101 is performed, the following steps may be specifically performed:
step S1011, adjusting any one first supporting device in the three first supporting devices to enable the height of the first supporting device to be higher than that of the other two first supporting devices, then adjusting the rest two first supporting devices by taking the first supporting device as a reference point to enable the top ends of the three first supporting devices to be coplanar, and placing the special vehicle body on the three first supporting devices.
It should be noted that, in actual operation, different first supporting devices may be selected as supporting points according to actual situations, specifically, in an embodiment, the number 1 first supporting device, the number 2 first supporting device, and the number 3 first supporting device are selected as supporting points; in another embodiment, the number 1 first supporting device, the number 2 first supporting device and the number 4 first supporting device are selected as supporting points; in yet another embodiment, the number 2 first support device, the number 3 first support device and the number 4 first support device are selected as support points.
For convenience of description, please continue to refer to fig. 2 and fig. 6, in this embodiment, the number 1 first supporting device, the number 2 first supporting device and the number 3 first supporting device are selected as supporting points, heights of the three first supporting devices are adjusted, so that the heights of the three first supporting devices are higher than those of the number 4 first supporting device and the other second supporting devices, and meanwhile, it is ensured that upper end surfaces of the number 1 first supporting device, the number 2 first supporting device and the number 3 first supporting device are all on one end surface, and the special vehicle body is placed on the base 1 (that is, at this time, the number 1 first supporting device, the number 2 first supporting device and the number 3 first supporting device support the special vehicle body together).
In this embodiment, adopt three-point coplane's principle to support the special type car automobile body, simultaneously again because triangle-shaped has stability, consequently No. 1 first strutting arrangement, No. 2 first strutting arrangement and No. 3 first strutting arrangement constitute the triangle-shaped holding surface, make installation that special type car automobile body can stabilize in on the base 1.
Step S1012, the first supporting device that is the reference point is stationary, and the remaining two first supporting devices are adjusted until the vehicle body of the special vehicle is in a horizontal state.
It should be noted that, in the actual operation process, the reference point may be selected according to the actual situation and the processing requirement, specifically, the number 1 first supporting device may be used as the reference point, the number 2 first supporting device may be used as the reference point, and the number 3 supporting device may be used as the reference point.
For convenience of description, please continue to refer to fig. 2 and fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the first supporting device No. 2 and the first supporting device No. 3 are adjusted with the first supporting device No. 1 as a reference point until the vehicle body of the special vehicle is in a horizontal state.
And S102, detecting the axis of the reference hole on the special vehicle by adopting the position measuring probe.
In this embodiment, add clamping apparatus still includes alarm system, alarm system with the test probe electricity is connected, alarm system is used for detecting whether special type car automobile body is in the horizontality.
It should be noted that, during actual operation, the special vehicle body may not be adjusted to the horizontal state due to the influence of factors such as the environment, and therefore needs to be detected, in this embodiment, two front axle reference holes and two rear vehicle reference holes of the special vehicle head are used as detection objects to detect whether the special vehicle body is in the balanced state, specifically, during actual operation, step S102 may be performed through the following steps:
and S1021, when the axis deviation of the reference hole exceeds the machining requirement, the alarm system sends out an alarm signal.
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the position measurement probe detects two front axle reference holes and two rear reference holes to obtain detection data, and feeds the detection data back to the control system, the control system performs software calculation according to the detection data to calculate spatial states of the two front axle reference holes and the two rear reference holes, and if the axis deviation of the reference holes exceeds the processing requirement, the alarm system gives an alarm, and at this time, the vehicle body of the special vehicle is not adjusted to a horizontal state and needs to be adjusted again; and if the alarm system does not give an alarm, the special vehicle body is proved to be in a horizontal state.
In the present invention, the horizontal state does not mean that the workpiece is placed flat in a horizontal plane, and the horizontal state also includes a state required in a process requirement (i.e., a state meeting a processing requirement).
And S103, adjusting the heights of the remaining one first supporting device and the eight second supporting devices until the heights of the remaining one first supporting device and the remaining eight second supporting devices are abutted to the bottom of the special vehicle body.
In this embodiment, the first supporting device No. 4 and the second supporting devices No. 5 to No. 12 are adjusted until the third pressure sensor thereon contacts the vehicle body of the special vehicle, and at this time, twelve horizontal supporting devices 2 support the vehicle body of the special vehicle together.
And step S20, adjusting the plurality of first side roof devices 31 and fixing the special vehicle body in the first direction.
For convenience of description, four of the first side-top devices 31 are named as a first side-top device No. a1, a first side-top device No. a2, a first side-top device No. A3, and a first side-top device No. a 4.
When step S20 is performed, the following steps may be specifically performed:
step S201, adjusting two first side jacking devices 31 positioned on the first sides until the two first side jacking devices 31 abut against the special vehicle body, recording the extension length of an oil cylinder of one first side jacking device 31, and adjusting the extension length of an oil cylinder of the other first side jacking device 31 to enable the two first side jacking devices 31 and the special vehicle body to be the same;
step S202, adjusting the two first side top devices 31 on the second side until the two first side top devices 31 abut against the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the first direction.
In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 3 and 7, the first side jacking device a1 and the first side jacking device a2 are adjusted until the first side jacking device a1 and the first side jacking device a2 contact the side surface of the special vehicle body, the production length of the oil cylinder of the first side jacking device a1 is recorded, and the length of the first side jacking device a2 is adjusted according to the production length of the oil cylinder of the first side jacking device a1, so that the first side jacking device a2 and the first side jacking device a same, and at this time, the special vehicle body is aligned along the first direction.
Further, adjust the first horizontal cylinder of first side top device No. A3 and first side top device No. A4 for the first horizontal cylinder of first side top device No. A3 and first side top device No. A4 with special type car automobile body butt, when the first horizontal cylinder of first side top device No. A3 and first side top device No. A4 with in the twinkling of an eye of special type car automobile body contact, on the first horizontal cylinder second pressure sensor signals, first horizontal cylinder stop motion at once, will the special type car automobile body is in fixed in the first direction.
It should be noted that the first horizontal cylinder includes a hydraulic lock, and is used for preventing the first horizontal cylinder from retracting.
And step S30, adjusting the plurality of second side roof devices 32, and fixing the special vehicle body in a second direction.
For convenience of description, four of the second side-top devices 32 are named B1 number second side-top device, B2 number second side-top device, B3 number second side-top device, and B4 number second side-top device.
When step S30 is performed, the following steps may be specifically performed:
step S301, extending the oil cylinder of one of the side jacking devices 3, and contracting the oil cylinders of the other three side jacking devices 3, so that the extended oil cylinder is abutted to the special vehicle body when the special vehicle body is placed on the machining clamp;
and S302, adjusting the other three oil cylinders of the second side jacking device 32 until the oil cylinders are abutted against the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the second direction.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 4 and 7, when the special type vehicle is placed on the base, the second side-jacking device No. B1 is adjusted, so that the first horizontal oil cylinder on the second side-jacking device No. B1 extends, and the first horizontal oil cylinders on the second side-jacking device No. B2, the second side-jacking device No. B3 and the second side-jacking device No. B4 retract; at this moment, will the special type car automobile body is placed on the base 1, and with the extension first horizontal cylinder butt works as the characteristic car is accomplished after the alignment in the first direction, the extension of first horizontal cylinder on B2 number second side roof device 32, B3 number second side roof device 32 and B4 number second side roof device 32, until with the special type car automobile body butt, in the moment of the contact, on the first horizontal cylinder second pressure sensor signals, and first horizontal cylinder stop motion at once will the special type car automobile body is in it is fixed to be in the second direction.
Step S40, adjusting a plurality of pressing devices 4, and fixing the special vehicle body on the base 1;
in this embodiment, every two of the pressing devices 4 are arranged corresponding to one of the balance rod holes, each of the pressing devices 4 includes a vertical cylinder and a horizontal cylinder, the vertical cylinder is provided with a first pressing head, and the horizontal cylinder is provided with a second pressing head.
In performing step S40, it may be performed by:
step S401, adjusting each pressing device 4 to enable each pressing device 4 to correspond to one balancing pole hole;
s402, adjusting each vertical oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the special vehicle body, so that the first pressure head is equal to the center of the balancing pole hole in height;
s403, adjusting the horizontal oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the balancing rod hole, so that the second pressure head extends into the balancing rod hole;
and S404, continuously adjusting the vertical oil cylinder and the horizontal oil cylinder until the special vehicle body is fixed on the base 1.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, two of the pressing devices 4 corresponding to each other in the first direction correspond to one of the balancing rod holes, the pressing devices 4 are adjusted first so that each two of the pressing devices 4 correspond to one of the balancing rod holes, each of the vertical oil cylinders is adjusted so that the first pressure head is equal to the center of the balancing rod hole in height, then the horizontal oil cylinder is adjusted so that the horizontal oil cylinder moves in a direction close to the balancing rod hole until the second pressure head rises into the balancing rod hole, and finally the horizontal oil cylinder and the vertical oil cylinder are adjusted simultaneously until the vehicle body of the special vehicle is fixed on the base 1, so as to complete the fixing of the vehicle body of the special vehicle.
And step S50, sequentially machining the front axle hole and the plurality of the balance bar holes.
In this embodiment, the special vehicle body further comprises a reducer hole.
In performing step S50, it may be performed by:
step S501, machining the front axle hole;
and S502, loosening the clamping of the balancing rod hole by the two pressing devices 4 corresponding to the balancing rod hole, moving to the position corresponding to the speed reducer hole, clamping the speed reducer hole, and processing the balancing rod hole.
In this embodiment, after the special vehicle body is fixed, the processing device is started to process a front axle hole of the special vehicle body, after the front axle hole is processed, the two pressing devices 4 close to the front axle hole loosen the pressing on the balance bar hole, move in the direction close to the reducer hole, clamp the reducer hole in the manner of step S40, and process the first balance bar hole; after the first balancing rod hole is machined, the two pressing devices 4 clamping the speed reducer hole move in the direction close to the front axle hollow hole, the two pressing devices 4 clamp the front axle hole, the two pressing devices 4 located in the second balancing rod hole move in the direction close to the first front axle hole to clamp the first front axle hole, at the moment, the second balancing rod hole can be machined, and all the balancing rod holes can be machined in the same way.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic dress card alignment system of special purpose vehicle automobile body which characterized in that includes:
a base;
the pressing devices are distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along a first direction;
the horizontal supporting devices are distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along a first direction; and the number of the first and second groups,
the plurality of side top devices comprise a plurality of first side top devices and a plurality of second side top devices, the plurality of first side top devices are distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of second side top devices are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the base, which are oppositely arranged along a second direction;
wherein the first direction and the second direction are arranged perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane.
2. The special purpose vehicle body automatic clamp alignment system according to claim 1, wherein eight said hold-down devices are provided, twelve said horizontal support devices are provided, eight said side-top devices are provided, and eight said side-top devices comprise four said first side-top devices and four said second side-top devices;
the base has a first side and a second side oppositely arranged along a first direction, and a third side and a fourth side oppositely arranged along a second direction;
the horizontal supporting devices are installed on the first side, the horizontal supporting devices are installed on the second side, the compressing devices are installed on the first side, the compressing devices are installed on the fourth side, the compressing devices are installed on the second side, the compressing devices are installed on the first side, the compressing devices are installed on the second side, the first side top devices are installed on the first side, the first side top devices are installed on the second side, the second side top devices are installed on the third side, and the second side top devices are installed on the fourth side.
3. A method of processing a special type vehicle body based on the automatic chucking and aligning system for a special type vehicle body according to claim 1, the special type vehicle body having a front axle hole to be processed and a plurality of stabilizer bar holes, the method of processing the special type vehicle body comprising the steps of:
adjusting the plurality of horizontal supporting devices, and placing the special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices so that the special vehicle body is positioned on a horizontal plane;
adjusting a plurality of first side top devices to fix the special vehicle body in a first direction;
adjusting a plurality of second side top devices to fix the special vehicle body in a second direction;
adjusting the plurality of pressing devices to fix the special vehicle body on the base;
and sequentially processing the front axle hole and the plurality of balancing rod holes.
4. The machining method of a special vehicle body according to claim 3, wherein the machining jig further comprises a position measuring probe, and the position measuring probe is provided on the base;
the four horizontal supporting devices positioned at two ends of the base extending along the second direction are first supporting devices, and the rest are second supporting devices;
the step of adjusting the plurality of horizontal supporting devices and placing the special vehicle body on the plurality of horizontal supporting devices so that the special vehicle body is positioned on the horizontal plane comprises the following steps:
adjusting the height of any three first supporting devices in the four first supporting devices to be higher than the height of the rest first supporting device, and placing the special vehicle body on the machining clamp;
detecting the axis of a reference hole on the special vehicle by using the position measuring probe;
and adjusting the heights of the rest first supporting device and the rest eight second supporting devices until the rest first supporting devices and the rest eight second supporting devices are abutted against the bottom of the special vehicle body.
5. The method of machining a vehicle body of a special vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the step of adjusting the height of any three of the four first supporting devices to be higher than the height of the remaining one of the four first supporting devices, and the step of placing the vehicle body on the machining jig includes:
adjusting any one first supporting device in the three first supporting devices to enable the height of the first supporting device to be higher than that of the other two first supporting devices, then taking the first supporting device as a reference point, adjusting the remaining two first supporting devices to enable the top ends of the three first supporting devices to be coplanar, and placing the special vehicle body on the three first supporting devices;
and the first supporting device which is the datum point is static, and the rest two first supporting devices are adjusted until the special vehicle body is in a horizontal state.
6. The machining method of the special vehicle body according to claim 4, wherein the machining jig further comprises an alarm system, and the alarm system is electrically connected with the detection probe;
the step of detecting the axis of the reference hole on the special vehicle by adopting the position measuring probe comprises the following steps:
and when the deviation of the axis of the reference hole exceeds the processing requirement, the alarm system sends out an alarm signal.
7. The method of machining a vehicle body of a special vehicle of claim 3, wherein said step of adjusting a plurality of said first side roof devices to secure said vehicle body in a first orientation comprises:
adjusting the two first side jacking devices positioned on the first side until the two first side jacking devices are abutted against the special vehicle body, recording the extension length of the oil cylinder of one of the first side jacking devices, and adjusting the extension length of the oil cylinder of the other first side jacking device to enable the two first side jacking devices to be the same;
the adjustment is located two on the second side first side roof device, until two first side roof device with the special type car automobile body butt will the special type car automobile body is in fixed on the first direction.
8. The method of machining a vehicle body of a special vehicle of claim 3, wherein adjusting a plurality of the second side roof devices to secure the vehicle body in the second orientation comprises:
extending the oil cylinder of one of the side jacking devices, and contracting the oil cylinders of the other three side jacking devices, so that the extended oil cylinder is abutted against the special vehicle body when the special vehicle body is placed on the machining clamp;
and adjusting the other three oil cylinders of the second side jacking device until the oil cylinders are abutted to the special vehicle body, and fixing the special vehicle body in the second direction.
9. The method for processing the special vehicle body according to claim 3, wherein every two pressing devices are arranged corresponding to one balancing rod hole, each pressing device comprises a vertical oil cylinder and a horizontal oil cylinder, a first pressing head is arranged on each vertical oil cylinder, and a second pressing head is arranged on each horizontal oil cylinder;
the step of adjusting a plurality of the pressing devices to fix the special vehicle body on the base and processing the special vehicle body comprises the following steps:
adjusting each of the compression devices so that each of the compression devices corresponds to one of the balance bar holes;
adjusting each vertical oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the special vehicle body, so that the first pressure head is equal to the center of the balance rod hole in height;
adjusting the horizontal oil cylinder to move towards the direction close to the balancing rod hole, so that the second pressure head extends into the balancing rod hole;
and continuously adjusting the vertical oil cylinder and the horizontal oil cylinder until the special vehicle body is fixed on the base.
10. The method of machining a special vehicle body of claim 9, wherein the special vehicle body further comprises a retarder hole;
the step of sequentially machining the front axle hole and the plurality of the balance bar holes comprises:
machining the front axle hole;
and two pressing devices corresponding to the balancing rod holes loosen the clamping of the balancing rod holes, move to the positions corresponding to the speed reducer holes, clamp the speed reducer holes and process the balancing rod holes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210755721.8A CN114905297A (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Automatic clamping and aligning system for special vehicle body and processing method for special vehicle body |
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| CN202210755721.8A CN114905297A (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Automatic clamping and aligning system for special vehicle body and processing method for special vehicle body |
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