CN114905042A - Method for preparing porous wear-resistant product by metal injection molding process - Google Patents
Method for preparing porous wear-resistant product by metal injection molding process Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
- B22F3/1025—Removal of binder or filler not by heating only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a porous wear-resistant product by a metal injection molding process, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing metal, ceramic powder and a binder, and granulating to obtain a porous wear-resistant product feed; taking the feed, injecting the feed into a mold by using an injection machine, and obtaining a porous wear-resistant product green body through filling, pressure maintaining and cooling; degreasing the green porous wear resistant product; and sintering the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body at low temperature under argon atmosphere and under pressure to obtain the porous wear-resistant product. The porous wear-resistant product prepared by the metal injection molding process has high porosity, small and uniform pore diameter and good sintering hardness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder injection molding, in particular to a method for preparing a porous wear-resistant product by a metal injection molding process.
Background
The throttling cap is a product installed in a high-speed motion device and has the functions of abrasion resistance and self lubrication. The self-lubricating function can be realized by selecting a porous material, the pores can be used for storing lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is expanded by heating in the motion process of a product to release the lubricating oil, so that the abrasion and the noise are reduced; after the product stops cooling, the lubricating oil is restored to the pores under the action of capillary force. However, the conventional processing methods such as machining, forging, stamping and the like cannot meet the requirement of material porosity.
Powder metallurgy is a very suitable processing mode, but due to the shape characteristics (thin wall thickness and complex side structure) of the throttling cap, the throttling cap cannot be formed by a traditional metal and ceramic powder Pressing (PM) mode. Although the metal and ceramic powder injection molding process (MIM) can meet the requirement of net molding of products, the porosity of the products obtained by the metal and ceramic powder injection molding (MIM) is only 1% -5%, the porosity of 10-20% of the products pressed by the metal and ceramic powder is difficult to achieve, and the use requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for preparing a porous wear-resistant product by using a metal injection molding process. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a method for preparing a porous wear-resistant product by a metal injection molding process is provided, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly banburying and granulating metal, ceramic powder and a binder to obtain a porous wear-resistant product feed;
taking the feed, injecting the feed into a mold by using an injection machine, and obtaining a porous wear-resistant product green body through filling, pressure maintaining and cooling;
degreasing the green porous wear-resistant product;
and sintering the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body in an argon atmosphere to obtain the porous wear-resistant product.
Further, the metal and ceramic powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni 1.9-2.2%, ZrO 2 2 5.0-10.0 percent of C, 0.4-0.6 percent of C and the balance of Fe.
Furthermore, the granularity of the metal and ceramic powder is 50-70 μm, the powder form is polygonal irregular form, and the tap density of the powder is 3.1-3.3g/cm 3 。
Further, the metal powder is water atomized powder.
Further, the binder comprises, by mass: 5% of polyethylene PE, 85% of polyformaldehyde POM, 5% of stearic acid, 3% of EVA and 2% of heat stabilizer.
Further, the volume ratio of the metal powder to the ceramic powder to the binder is 63: 37.
further, the specific parameters of filling, pressure maintaining and cooling are as follows: the mold temperature is 95-140 ℃, the material temperature is 190-200 ℃, the injection pressure is 60-200MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 2-6S, and the cooling time is 5-20S.
Further, the specific treatment of degreasing the green porous wear-resistant product comprises: and putting the porous wear-resistant product green body into a degreasing furnace, introducing nitrogen into the degreasing furnace, controlling the oxygen content in the degreasing furnace to be less than or equal to 4.5%, wherein the supply amount of concentrated nitric acid is 280mL/H, the supply amount of nitrogen is 1100L/H in the degreasing process, the degreasing temperature is 95-110 ℃, degreasing is carried out for 2-4 hours, and degreasing is finished when the degreasing rate is more than or equal to 7.6%.
Further, the specific method for sintering comprises the following steps:
a first stage: putting the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body into a sintering furnace, performing negative pressure air extraction on the sintering furnace, and keeping the pressure in the sintering furnace at 0-5Kpa, argon flow: heating to 600 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving heat for 2 hours, and degreasing under negative pressure;
two stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 0-10Kpa, and controlling the argon flow: heating to the temperature of between 600 and 800 ℃ at the heating rate of between 4 and 6 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and cleaning at high temperature;
three stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 60-80Kpa, and controlling the argon flow: 50L/M, heating from 800 ℃ to 1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 0.5-1 hour, and sintering at low temperature and pressure;
the fourth stage: and (6) cooling.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: in the embodiment of the invention, metal, ceramic powder and a binder are taken, uniformly mixed and granulated to obtain porous wear-resistant product feed; taking the feed, injecting the feed into a mold by using an injection machine, and obtaining a porous wear-resistant product green body through filling, pressure maintaining and cooling; degreasing the green porous wear resistant product; and sintering the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body in an argon atmosphere to obtain the porous wear-resistant product. The porous wear-resistant product prepared by the metal injection molding process has high porosity, small and uniform pore diameter and good sintering hardness.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a pore diagram of a porous wear resistant product prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a pore diagram of a product prepared from a conventional MIM FN0205 material.
Fig. 3 is a pore diagram of a product prepared by a PM powder pressing method FN0205 material.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
Example 1
Taking element powder or alloy powder, and taking ZrO according to mass percent 2 5.0 percent, Ni 1.9 percent, C0.4 percent and the balance of Fe, and metal and ceramic powder is prepared. The powder has a particle size of 50-70 μm (narrow particle size distribution is favorable for forming pores with uniform size), oxygen content less than 3200ppm, and tap density of 3.1-3.3g/cm 3 The powder morphology is polygonal irregular. The elemental or alloy powders may be prepared by water atomization.
And preparing the binder according to the mass ratio. The adhesive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of polyethylene PE, 85% of polyformaldehyde POM, 5% of stearic acid, 3% of EVA and 2% of heat stabilizer.
And adding a binder into the prepared metal and ceramic powder, uniformly banburying, and granulating to obtain the porous wear-resistant product feed. The volume ratio of the metal, the ceramic powder and the binder is 63: 37.
feeding the porous wear-resistant product, injecting the material into a mold by using an injection machine, wherein the mold temperature is 95 ℃, the material temperature is 190 ℃, the injection pressure is 60MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 6S, and the cooling time is 5S, and filling, pressure maintaining and cooling are carried out to obtain a green compact of the porous wear-resistant product.
Putting the porous wear-resistant product green body into a degreasing furnace, introducing nitrogen into the degreasing furnace, controlling the oxygen content in the degreasing furnace to be less than or equal to 4.5%, controlling the supply amount of concentrated nitric acid to be 280mL/H and the supply amount of nitrogen to be 1100L/H in the degreasing process, degreasing at the degreasing temperature of 95 ℃, degreasing for 4 hours, and finishing degreasing when the degreasing rate is greater than or equal to 7.6%. By the lower degreasing rate, the green body can be ensured to have lower surface roughness, thereby reducing the friction force when the product moves.
And sintering the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body at low temperature under argon atmosphere and under pressure to obtain the porous wear-resistant product with communicated pores. The specific sintering process is as follows:
a first stage: putting the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body into a sintering furnace, performing negative pressure air extraction on the sintering furnace, and keeping the pressure in the sintering furnace at 0-5Kpa and the argon flow: heating to 600 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving heat for 2 hours, and degreasing under negative pressure;
two stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 0-10Kpa, and controlling the argon flow: heating to the temperature of between 600 and 800 ℃ at the heating rate of between 4 and 6 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and cleaning at high temperature;
three stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 60-80Kpa, and controlling the argon flow: 50L/M, heating from 800 ℃ to 1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 0.5-1 hour, and sintering at low temperature and pressure;
the fourth stage: and (6) cooling.
Example 2
Taking element powder or alloy powder, and taking ZrO according to mass percentage 2 8.0 percent, Ni 2.0 percent, C0.5 percent and the balance of Fe, and metal and ceramic powder is prepared. The powder has a particle size of 50-70 μm (narrow particle size distribution is favorable for forming pores with uniform size), oxygen content of less than 3200ppm, and tap density of 3.1-3.3g/cm 3 The powder morphology is polygonal irregular. Elemental or alloy powders may be prepared by water atomization.
And preparing the binder according to the mass ratio. The adhesive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of polyethylene PE, 85% of polyformaldehyde POM, 5% of stearic acid, 3% of EVA and 2% of heat stabilizer.
And adding a binder into the prepared metal and ceramic powder, uniformly banburying, and granulating to obtain the porous wear-resistant product feed. The volume ratio of the metal, the ceramic powder and the binder is 63: 37.
and feeding the porous wear-resistant product, injecting the material into a mold by using an injection machine, wherein the mold temperature is 120 ℃, the material temperature is 200 ℃, the injection pressure is 150MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 4S, and the cooling time is 10S, and filling, pressure maintaining and cooling are carried out to obtain a green compact of the porous wear-resistant product.
Putting the porous wear-resistant product green body into a degreasing furnace, introducing nitrogen into the degreasing furnace, controlling the oxygen content in the degreasing furnace to be less than or equal to 4.5%, controlling the supply amount of concentrated nitric acid to be 280mL/H and the supply amount of nitrogen to be 1100L/H in the degreasing process, degreasing at the degreasing temperature of 100 ℃, degreasing for 3 hours, and finishing degreasing when the degreasing rate is greater than or equal to 7.6%. By the lower degreasing rate, the green body can be ensured to have lower surface roughness, thereby reducing the friction force when the product moves.
And sintering the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body at low temperature under the argon (or nitrogen) atmosphere to obtain the porous wear-resistant product with communicated pores. The specific sintering process is as follows:
a first stage: putting the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body into a sintering furnace, performing negative pressure air extraction on the sintering furnace, and keeping the pressure in the sintering furnace at 0-5Kpa and the nitrogen flow: heating to 600 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving heat for 2 hours, and degreasing under negative pressure;
two stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 0-10Kpa, and controlling the nitrogen flow: heating to the temperature of between 600 and 800 ℃ at the heating rate of between 4 and 6 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and cleaning at high temperature;
three stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 60-80Kpa, and controlling the argon flow: 50L/M, heating from 800 ℃ to 1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 0.5-1 hour, and sintering at low temperature and pressure;
the fourth stage: and (6) cooling.
Example 3
Taking element powder or alloy powder, and taking ZrO according to mass percentage 2 10.0 percent, Ni 2.2 percent, C0.6 percent and the balance of Fe, and metal and ceramic powder is prepared. The powder has a particle size of 50-70 μm (narrow particle size distribution is favorable for forming pores with uniform size), oxygen content of less than 3200ppm, and tap density of 3.1-3.3g/cm 3 The powder morphology is polygonal irregular. The elemental or alloy powders may be prepared by water atomization.
And preparing the binder according to the mass ratio. The adhesive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of polyethylene PE, 85% of polyformaldehyde POM, 5% of stearic acid, 3% of EVA and 2% of heat stabilizer.
And adding a binder into the prepared metal and ceramic powder, uniformly banburying, and granulating to obtain the porous wear-resistant product feed. The volume ratio of the metal, the ceramic powder and the binder is 63: 37.
feeding the porous wear-resistant product, injecting the material into a mold by using an injection machine, wherein the mold temperature is 140 ℃, the material temperature is 200 ℃, the injection pressure is 200MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 2S, and the cooling time is 20S, and filling, pressure maintaining and cooling are carried out to obtain a green compact of the porous wear-resistant product.
Putting the porous wear-resistant product green body into a degreasing furnace, introducing nitrogen into the degreasing furnace, controlling the oxygen content in the degreasing furnace to be less than or equal to 4.5%, controlling the supply amount of concentrated nitric acid to be 280mL/H and the supply amount of nitrogen to be 1100L/H in the degreasing process, degreasing at the degreasing temperature of 110 ℃, degreasing for 2 hours, and finishing degreasing when the degreasing rate is greater than or equal to 7.6%. By the lower degreasing rate, the green body can be ensured to have lower surface roughness, thereby reducing the friction force when the product moves.
And sintering the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body at low temperature under the argon (or nitrogen) atmosphere to obtain the porous wear-resistant product with communicated pores. The specific sintering process is as follows:
a first stage: putting the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body into a sintering furnace, performing negative pressure air extraction on the sintering furnace, and keeping the pressure in the sintering furnace at 0-5Kpa and the flow of argon (or nitrogen): heating to 600 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving heat for 2 hours, and degreasing under negative pressure;
two stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 0-10Kpa, and controlling the flow of argon (or nitrogen): heating to the temperature of between 600 and 800 ℃ at the heating rate of between 4 and 6 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and cleaning at high temperature;
three stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 60-80Kpa, and controlling the argon flow: 50L/M, heating from 800 ℃ to 1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 0.5-1 hour, and sintering at low temperature and pressure;
the fourth stage: and (6) cooling.
The porous wear-resistant products obtained by the methods of examples 1 to 3 were tested to have sintered densities of 6.7 to 7.0g/cm 3 The porosity is 11% -15%, the pore pattern of the product is shown in figure 1, the cross section of the pores on the surface of the product is circular, and the pores are uniform. FIG. 2 shows the pore pattern of FN0205 material (Ni 1.9-2.2%, C0.4-0.6%, and Fe in balance, powder size 2-20 μm, sintering pressure 0-20pa) prepared by conventional MIM method, wherein the pores on the surface of the product are not connected. The density of the MIM FN0205 product is more than or equal to 7.5g/cm 3 The porosity is less than or equal to 4.5 percent. FIG. 3 is a pore diagram of a product made from FN0205 material ((Ni 1.9-2.2%, C0.4-0.6%, balance Fe, powder size 20-70 μm) using PM powder compaction method, with poor uniformity of pore size and irregular pore cross-sectionThe porosity and the hole shape of the FN0205 product prepared by the M powder pressing method are remarkably improved.
The porosity of the porous wear-resistant product prepared by the method is detected by a method specified in the national standard GB-T3489-1983, and the result is shown in figure 1, wherein the percentage of the pore area is 13.5 percent, and the pore d is less than or equal to 10 mu m and is 8 percent; d is more than 10 percent and less than or equal to 25 mu m, 4 percent; d is more than 25 percent and less than or equal to 50 mu m, 1.5 percent; d is more than 50 percent and less than or equal to 75 mu m, and 0.00 percent; d is more than 75 percent and less than or equal to 125 mu m, and 0.00 percent.
The hardness test is respectively carried out on the porous wear-resistant product and the MIM FN0205 product, the sintering hardness of the porous wear-resistant product is 200-. Compared with the MIM FN0205 product, the porous wear-resistant product prepared by the method has higher hardness.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing a porous wear-resistant product by a metal injection molding process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
uniformly banburying and granulating metal, ceramic powder and a binder to obtain a porous wear-resistant product feed;
taking the feed, injecting the feed into a mold by using an injection machine, and obtaining a porous wear-resistant product green body through filling, pressure maintaining and cooling;
degreasing the green porous wear-resistant product;
and sintering the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body in an argon atmosphere to obtain the porous wear-resistant product.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting ofThe ceramic powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni 1.9-2.2%, ZrO 2 5.0-10.0 percent of C, 0.4-0.6 percent of C and the balance of Fe.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal or ceramic powder has a particle size of 50 to 70 μm, a powder form of polygonal irregular form, and a powder tap density of 3.1 to 3.3g/cm 3 。
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal powder is a water atomized powder.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the binder comprises, in mass percent: 5% of polyethylene PE, 85% of polyformaldehyde POM, 5% of stearic acid, 3% of EVA and 2% of heat stabilizer.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal, ceramic powder and binder are present in a volume ratio of 63: 37.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the specific parameters of filling, pressure holding and cooling are as follows: the mold temperature is 95-140 ℃, the material temperature is 190-200 ℃, the injection pressure is 60-200MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 2-6S, and the cooling time is 5-20S.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific treatment of degreasing the green porous wear resistant product comprises: and putting the porous wear-resistant product green body into a degreasing furnace, introducing nitrogen into the degreasing furnace, controlling the oxygen content in the degreasing furnace to be less than or equal to 4.5%, wherein the supply amount of concentrated nitric acid is 280mL/H, the supply amount of nitrogen is 1100L/H in the degreasing process, the degreasing temperature is 95-110 ℃, degreasing is carried out for 2-4 hours, and degreasing is finished when the degreasing rate is more than or equal to 7.6%.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering comprises:
a first stage: putting the degreased porous wear-resistant product green body into a sintering furnace, performing negative pressure air extraction on the sintering furnace, keeping the pressure in the sintering furnace at 0-5Kpa, and ensuring the argon flow: heating to 600 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving heat for 2 hours, and degreasing under negative pressure;
two stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 0-10Kpa, and controlling the argon flow: heating to 800 ℃ from 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min at 40L/M, preserving heat for 2 hours, and cleaning at high temperature;
three stages: controlling the pressure in the sintering furnace to be 60-80Kpa, and controlling the argon flow: 50L/M, heating from 800 ℃ to 1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 0.5-1 hour, and sintering under pressure;
the fourth stage: and (6) cooling.
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